2026甘肅職教高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)課件 第一十二章 第三節(jié) 副詞性從句(狀語從句)

電子教案《職教高考 英語 總復(fù)習(xí)》2第十二章　句 子 種 類第一部分　基 礎(chǔ) 知 識第三節(jié)　復(fù)　合　句副詞性從句(狀語從句)續(xù)表狀語從句是在主從復(fù)合句中用作狀語的從句，修飾句子中的動詞、形容詞以及副詞，也可以修飾整個句子。狀語從句在句中位置比較靈活，可置于句首、句中或句末，狀語從句位于句首時，常用逗號和主句分開。按照其意義，狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、方式狀語從句和比較狀語從句?！局R點(diǎn)一】　時間狀語從句(1)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞很多，常見的有when(當(dāng)……的時候)、whenever(無論什么時候)、as(當(dāng)……的時候)、while(當(dāng)……的時候)、before(在……之前)、after(在……之后)、till(直到……時)、until(直到……時)、once(一旦……就)、since(自從)、as soon as(一……就)、no sooner...than...(一……就)、hardly/scarcely...when...(一……就)等。如：Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 車沒停別下車。It will be five years before he returns from England. 還要五年他才能從英國回來。He won't believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. 直到親眼見了他才會相信。When the cats are away, the mice will play. 山中無老虎，猴子稱霸王。He tried for a long time before he succeeded.經(jīng)過很長一段時間的努力，他終于成功了。He has been away from home for 6 years since the war broke out.自從戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)以來，他離開家已有6年了?！咀⒁狻?①when、 as、 while都可作時間狀語從句的連詞，但它們的用法不同。(a)as表示“當(dāng)……時”，通常情況下和when、 while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，意為“一邊……一邊……”或“隨著”。如：He saw her as she was getting off the bus. 當(dāng)她下車時，他看到了她。As the students walked along the lake, they sang happily.學(xué)生們邊沿著湖走邊快樂地唱歌。(b)when 既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時候，又可以表示某一段時間內(nèi)，主句和從句的動作可以同時發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。如：It was raining when we arrived. 我們到的時候天正在下雨。When he was 16, he moved to Shanghai with his parents.十六歲時他和父母搬到了上海。(c)while表示“當(dāng)……時候”或者“在某一段時間里”。主句中的動作在從句動作的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句的動作一般要用延續(xù)性動詞。如：He arrived while we were having dinner. 我們正在吃晚飯的時候他到了。While his wife was doing the housework, he was watching TV.他的妻子正在做家務(wù)時，他正在看電視。②until在肯定句中通常只與延續(xù)性動詞連用，表示相應(yīng)動作結(jié)束的時間；在否定句中常與not連用，構(gòu)成not...until...，表示相應(yīng)動作開始的時間，意為“直到……才……”。not until位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。如：He waited until she was about to leave. 他等著一直到她準(zhǔn)備離開。I didn't begin to work until he had gone. 他走后我才開始工作。It was not until you told me that I knew the bad news.→Not until you told me did I know the bad news.直到你告訴我，我才知道這個壞消息。(2)hardly...when...、 no sooner...than...、 as soon as、 the moment、 the minute、 the second、 the instant等和副詞immediately、 directly、 instantly等都表示“一……就……”。hardly和 no sooner 放在句首時，主句用部分倒裝。如：Once you see it, You'll never forget it. 一旦你見過就永遠(yuǎn)都忘不了。Hardly had he got into the inn when it began to rain. 他一到小旅館就下雨了。I recognized him the moment I saw him. 我一見到他就認(rèn)出來了。(3)every time、 each time、 the next time、 the last time、 by the time、 the first time、 any time 等以time結(jié)尾的詞語也可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。如：Each time he came to this city, he would call me.每次他到這座城市都會給我打電話。He didn't tell me anything the last time I saw him.上次我見他時，他什么都沒告訴我?！咀⒁狻?當(dāng)主句是一般將來時時，時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的含義。如：I'll ring you as soon as I get to New York. 我一到紐約就給你打電話。We shall wait at the bus stop till/until he arrives. 我們要在公交車站等到他到為止。(4)since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時有下列兩種用法。①主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。如：We have known each other since we were children. 我們自從小時候就認(rèn)識了。②“It's＋時間段＋since＋從句(一般過去時)”表示“自從……以來多久了”。如：It is two years since we met last time. 自從我們上次見面已經(jīng)兩年了。【知識點(diǎn)二】　地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞有where、 wherever、 everywhere、 anywhere等。where 和wherever的意義相同，但后者語氣較強(qiáng)，多用于書面語。如：They will go where teachers are needed. 他們將要到需要老師的地方去。Wherever you go, you must obey the law. 無論你去哪兒都要遵守法律。With this card you can go anywhere/everywhere/wherever you like.拿著這張卡，你可以想去哪就去哪。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成?！局R點(diǎn)三】　原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表示原因或理由，常用的連詞有because(因為)、 as(因為，由于，既然)、 since(既然，鑒于)、 now that(既然)、 seeing (that)等。because的語氣最強(qiáng)，說明人所不知的直接原因，回答why提出的問題； since語氣較弱，說明說話雙方都知道的、推理的原因； as語氣最弱，只是附帶說明主句內(nèi)容是由從句引出來的。seeing that、 now that、 as和since的意義相似，都有“鑒于”之意。如：He didn't come to school because he was ill. 他沒有上學(xué)，因為他生病了。Since the weather is so bad, the sports meeting has to be put off.鑒于惡劣的天氣，運(yùn)動會不得不推遲舉行。Now that he always tells lies, no one would believe what he said.由于他總是說謊，沒有人相信他所說的話。You must tell the truth as you know the fact. 既然你知道事實(shí)，那么你必須說出真相?！局R點(diǎn)四】　條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示條件，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有if、 unless(if...not)(除非)、 as/so long as(只要)和in case(萬一)等。除此之外，on condition that(條件是)、 suppose/supposing(假設(shè)，如果)、 provided/providing(如果)引導(dǎo)的也是條件狀語從句。當(dāng)主句是一般將來時態(tài)時，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的含義。如：She will go to plant trees with us unless she is not at home.＝She will go to plant trees with us if she is at home. 如果她在家，就會和我們一起去植樹。As long as you do your best, we'll be happy. 只要你盡力，我們就滿意。If you follow the doctor's advice, you will be quite all right soon.如果你聽從醫(yī)生的建議，你很快會好的。In case it rains, don't wait for me. 如果下雨，就別等我。I'll go unless no one else goes. 除非沒人去，我才去?！局R點(diǎn)五】　目的狀語從句目的狀語從句表示目的，多放于主句之后，常用的連詞有that、 so that(為了，以便于)、 in order that(為了，以便于)、 in case(以免)、 for fear(以防，以免)等。如：You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.你必須再大點(diǎn)聲以便大家都能聽到。He wrote the number down for fear he should forget it. 他記下了號碼以防忘記。Better take more clothes in case the weather gets cold. 最好多帶點(diǎn)衣服以防天變冷?！咀⒁狻?(1)in order that 比so that 正式，其引導(dǎo)的從句可放在主句之前或之后；so that引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句的后面。如：We'll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我們會把真實(shí)情況告訴你，以便于你能自己做出判斷。In order that he might study harder next year, I gave him a prize.為了明年他能更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，我給了他一個獎勵。(2)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的so that有時可以省略so或that，即單獨(dú)用so或that來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。如：Check carefully so any mistake will be caught.仔細(xì)檢查以便任何錯誤都可以檢查出來。Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近點(diǎn)，讓我能看得清楚些。(3)in case、 for fear that等引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，從句的謂語動詞一般也可以用“should＋動詞原形”，更強(qiáng)調(diào)一種假設(shè)意味。如：Take your raincoat in case it should rain. 帶著雨衣以防下雨。Put on more clothes for fear that you should catch a cold. 多穿點(diǎn)衣服，以免患感冒?！局R點(diǎn)六】　結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句表示結(jié)果，常見的連詞有that、 so that、 so...that...和such...that...等。(1)so that 既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，區(qū)別在于目的狀語從句中往往帶有情態(tài)動詞can、 could、 may、 might等。如：Speak clearly so that they may understand. 說清楚以便他們能理解。(目的狀語從句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. 杰克病得很重，以至于不得不休息。(結(jié)果狀語從句)(2)so...that...和such...that...的區(qū)別： so后跟形容詞或副詞， such后跟名詞或名詞短語。常用句型如下：so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句so＋ ＋that＋從句many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)much/little＋不可數(shù)名詞such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句such＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that從句such＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句如：He worked so well that people all praised him. 他工作得很好，人們都夸獎他。There are so many people in the room that we couldn't get in.房間里人太多，我們進(jìn)不去。They are such good students that the teachers all like them.他們是如此好的學(xué)生，老師們都很喜歡他們。It is such nice weather that I don't like to stay at home.這么好的天氣，我不想待在家里?！咀⒁狻?①so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句＝such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：She is so honest a woman that everybody trusts her.＝She is such an honest woman that everybody trusts her.她如此誠實(shí)，每個人都相信她。②so或such放在句首時，主句要用倒裝語序。如：So clever a student was he that he was able to solve the problem.他是一個很聰明的學(xué)生，能解決這個問題?！局R點(diǎn)七】　讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句表示“盡管”“雖然”“即使”等概念，常用的連詞有though、 although、 even if、 even though(即使，盡管，雖然)、 however(無論怎樣)、 whoever(無論是誰)、 whatever(無論什么)、 whenever(無論何時)、 wherever(無論何地)、 whichever(無論哪一個)、 whomever、 whether...or...(無論……還是……)以及no matter why(無論為什么)等。如：Although they are poor, they are warm-hearted. 盡管他們很窮，但他們很熱心。He went out even though it was raining. 盡管下雨，他還是出去了。Though he punished me, I still trust him. 盡管他處罰了我，但我仍然相信他?！咀⒁狻?(1)as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到as的前面，若提前的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，要省略名詞之前的冠詞a/an。如：Teacher as he is, he can't know everything. 雖然是老師，他也不會知道所有事情。Young man as he is, he is already a professor. 雖然很年輕，他卻已經(jīng)是教授了。Much as I like this movie, yet I dislike its director.雖然我非常喜歡這部電影，可我卻不喜歡它的導(dǎo)演。(2)連詞while和when有時也可表示“盡管”“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于although。如：While we don't agree, we continue to be friends.盡管我們意見不同，但我們還是朋友。(3)在no matter后加上who、 what、 where、 how等疑問詞、whoever、 whatever、 whenever、 wherever等詞可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Don't trust him no matter what/whatever he says.不管他說什么，你都不要相信。No matter how hard the work is, you'd better try to do it well.無論工作多艱難，你都要盡力做好。I will discuss it with you whenever you like to come.無論你什么時候愿意來，我都可以和你討論這件事。Whoever he is, I will give the case to him. 無論是誰，我都會把這箱子給他。(4)although和though 都表示“雖然”，二者可以與yet連用，但不與but連用。如：Although/Though they are poor, they often help others. (√)They are poor, but they often help others. (√)Although/Though they are poor, but they often help others. (×)盡管他們很窮，但是他們經(jīng)常幫助別人。【知識點(diǎn)八】　方式狀語從句方式狀語從句表示動作的方式，常用的連詞有as(如同，按照)、 as if、 as though(好像，似乎)等。有時從句用虛擬語氣。如：You should do as the teacher tells you. 你應(yīng)該按照老師告訴你的去做。The upright man speaks as he thinks. 那個正直的人怎么想就怎么說。He is standing there still as if he were frozen to death.他一動不動地站在那就好像凍死了一樣。(虛擬語氣)The old lady treats him as if he were her own son. 老婦人待他像自己的親兒子一樣?！局R點(diǎn)九】　比較狀語從句比較狀語從句表示兩者之間的比較，常用as...as...(前者和后者一樣……)、 not as/so...as...(前者不如后者……)、 than等詞連接。如：He likes you as much as I do. 他和我一樣喜歡你。He drives faster than he did a year ago. 他開車比一年前快了?！纠?】　(2020年甘肅省分類考試)Our English teacher tells us a story so quickly ________ we can't understand her.(　　) A. that B. what C. which D. why例1例3【解析】　“如此……以至于……”用句式“so＋形容詞/副詞原級＋that從句”。故選A。A例2例4例5【例2】　Her hair is almost ________ mine.(　　) A. long B. as long C. as long as D. as soon as【解析】　表示“前者和后者一樣……”，用句式“as＋形容詞原級＋as”。故選C。C例1例3例2例4例5【例3】　________ it is dark now, the workers go on working there.(　　) A. Though B. Because C. As D. As if【解析】　句義：“盡管天黑了，但工人們?nèi)匀辉谀莾汗ぷ??！备鶕?jù)句義，只能用though(雖然，盡管)。故選A。A 例1例3例2例4例5【例4】　—I hope You'll enjoy your trip, dear!—Thank you, Mom. I'll give you a call ________ I get there.(　　) A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till【解析】　as soon as意為“一……就……”。故選B。B例1例3例2例4例5【例5】　You will stay healthy ________ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.(　　) A. if B. how C. before D. where【解析】　從句是主句的條件，四個選項中只有if能引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選A。A例1例3例2例4例5(　　)1. I didn't know anything about the matter ________ you told me yesterday.A. after B. if C. since D. until1234567891011121314151617181920【解析】 句義：“直到昨天你告訴我，我才知道這件事情?！薄爸钡健拧庇胣ot...until。故選D。D(　　)2. We were swimming in the lake ________ the storm started.A. when B. until C. after D. before【解析】 句義：“我們正在湖里游泳，突然暴風(fēng)雨開始了?！薄癰e doing sth. when...”意為“正在做某事突然……”。故選A。A1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)3. —Do you know if he ________ to play basketball with us?—I think he will come if he ________ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will beC. will come; is D. will come; will be【解析】 根據(jù)句義，賓語從句應(yīng)該用一般將來時。在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的句子中，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選C。C 1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)4. He was ________ tired ________ he fell asleep as soon as he lay down.A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; that【解析】 本句符合“so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)5. I waited ________ they finished talking.A. until B. if C. because D. when 【解析】 句義：“我一直等到他們講完?！眜ntil表示“直到……”。故選A。A1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)6. ________ you keep moving, You'll never reach the top of the mountain.A. If B. Although C. Unless D. Because【解析】 句義：“如果你不一直向前，你不會到達(dá)山頂?！眜nless表示“如果不，除非”。故選C。C 1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)7. She is kind and has ________ much money ________ she often helps some poor children.A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. not; until【解析】 句義：“她善良并且有很多的錢，所以她經(jīng)常幫助一些窮孩子?！眘o＋many/much/few/little＋名詞＋that從句，表示“太……以至于”。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)8. Twenty-three years has passed ________ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.A. when B. while C. before D. since【解析】 句義：“自從2002年中央電視臺《感動中國》年度人物評選活動舉辦以來，二十三年過去了。”since意為“自從……以來”。故選D。D1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)9. They will win the game ________ they try their best.A. before B. but C. since D. if1234567891011121314151617181920【解析】 句義：“如果盡最大努力，他們將贏得比賽?！北硎緱l件關(guān)系。故選D。D(　　)10. Our village has changed a lot, and it becomes ________ before.A. so beautiful as B. as beautifully asC. more beautiful than D. much more beautiful【解析】 根據(jù)句義，只有C項符合題意。故選C。C1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)11. Restaurants must stop offering free plastic bags ________ customers ask for them.A. since B. unless C. because D. if【解析】 句義：“餐廳必須停止主動提供塑料袋，除非顧客要求?！眜nless表示“如果不，除非”。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)12. The lakes will become dirtier and dirtier ________ we take action to protect them.A. since B. if C. until D. unless1234567891011121314151617181920【解析】 句義：“除非我們采取措施保護(hù)那些湖泊，否則它們會越來越臟?！眘ince意為“自從”，if意為“如果”，until意為“直到”，unless 意為“除非，如果不”。故選D。D(　　)13. You must check your paper carefully ________ there is no mistake in it.A. so that B. such that C. in order to D. so as to【解析】 根據(jù)語義上的邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處為目的狀語從句。故選A。A1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)14. We didn't have a good time that day ________ the weather was too bad.A. because B. thoughC. unless D. till【解析】 根據(jù)句義可知，“天氣太糟”是“我們那天玩得不愉快”的原因。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故選A。A1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)15. You should make it a rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.A. when B. where C. then D. there【解析】 where表示“在……的地方”，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)16. ________， you will get good grades.A. If you will work hard B. If you work hardC. If you worked hard D. When you will work hard【解析】 在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的句子中，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)17. If you work with a strong will, you can overcome any difficulty, ________ hard it is.A. whatever B. what C. however D. how【解析】 句義：“如果你有堅強(qiáng)的意志，你就能克服任何困難，無論多難。”“however＋形容詞”表示“無論多么……”。故選C。C1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)18. You will fail in the driving test ________ you have more practice.A. if B. unless C. when D. after1234567891011121314151617181920【解析】 句義：“除非你多練習(xí)，否則你不會通過駕照考試?！币龑?dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選B。B(　　)19. The clever boy called 120 ________ his mother fell down in the kitchen.A. although B. as soon as C. as long as D. until【解析】 句義：“他媽媽在廚房一摔倒，這個聰明的男孩就撥打了120。”as soon as表示“一……就”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故選B。B1234567891011121314151617181920(　　)20. It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.A. if B. unless C. when D. althoughD1234567891011121314151617181920【解析】 句義：“盡管我們一開始過得很糟糕，但是最后還好?！盿lthough表示“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選D。Thanks！