英語Unit 4 Natural disasters優(yōu)秀課堂檢測(cè)

這是一份英語Unit 4 Natural disasters優(yōu)秀課堂檢測(cè)，文件包含專題05必修第1冊(cè)Unit4NaturalDisasters教師版---2025屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)人教版2019docx、專題05必修第1冊(cè)Unit4NaturalDisasters學(xué)生版---2025屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)人教版2019docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共62頁， 歡迎下載使用。
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航
知識(shí)精講
知識(shí)點(diǎn)01 rescue n．& vt．援救；營(yíng)救
What are the rescue wrkers and sldiers ding in the fld-hit area?救援人員和士兵正在洪水災(zāi)害地區(qū)做什么？
cme t/g t sb.’s rescue＝rescue sb． 援救某人
把……從……營(yíng)救出來
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Lndn.我接到了來自倫敦的一位女士的求救電話。
The firemen rescued a baby frm the burning huse.消防隊(duì)員從失火的房子里救出一個(gè)嬰兒。
All the peple nearby came/went t her rescue when hearing her cry fr help.聽到她的呼救聲時(shí)，周圍所有的人都來營(yíng)救她。
1. When we were trapped in the ruins, the sldiers ．
當(dāng)我們被困在廢墟中時(shí)，士兵們趕來救援。
2. At midnight we finally (rescue) the turists wh were trapped in the valley．
午夜時(shí)，我們終于救出了被困在山谷中的游客。
3. The firefighters _________ five children the burning huse yesterday．
昨天，消防人員把5個(gè)孩子從失火的房子中解救出來。
【答案】1. came t ur rescue 2.rescued 3. rescued frm
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2. damage vt．損害；破壞 n．損壞；損失
Which buildings were damaged in Seul?首爾哪些建筑被毀？
(1)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(cause damage t．．．,d damage t．．．)) 對(duì)……造成損害
(2)damage ne’s health損害某人的健康
The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant.對(duì)第一株植物造成的損害通常更嚴(yán)重一些。
The heavy rain has dne/caused great damage t the crps.暴雨已對(duì)莊稼造成了嚴(yán)重的損害。
As we all knw，getting t much fat will damage ur health.眾所周知，攝入太多脂肪會(huì)損害我們的健康。
1. This culd t ur envirnment．
這可能會(huì)對(duì)我們的環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的破壞。
2. As we all knw, smking can ．(damage n．)
＝It is well knwn that smking can ．(damage vt．)
眾所周知，抽煙會(huì)損害我們的健康。
【答案】1 cause serius damage 2.d/cause damage t ur health damage ur health
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3. affect vt．影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)
As far as I’m cncerned, fllwing thers’ advice withut thinking will affect ur wn decisin．
在我看來，不假思索地接受他人的意見將影響我們自己的決定。
(1)affect sb．/sth． 影響某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被深深打動(dòng)
(2)effect n． 作用；影響
have an effect n= affect 對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響
When I was 50, my weight prblem began t affect me seriusly.50歲時(shí)，我的體重問題開始嚴(yán)重影響我（的健康）。
He was deeply affected by my wrds.他被我的話深深地打動(dòng)了。
1. The disease is beginning t ．
疾病開始侵襲他的視力。
2. As far as I’m cncerned, staying up late every day is certain (affect) yur health seriusly．
就我而言，每天熬夜一定會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響你的健康。
3. (affect) by the mving stry, he burst int tears．
受這個(gè)感人故事的影響，他哭了起來。
4. As we all knw, smking has a bad ur health．
眾所周知，吸煙對(duì)我們的健康有不好的影響。
【答案】1. affect his eyesight 2.t affect 3.Affected 4. effect n
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4. cme t an end 結(jié)束；終結(jié)
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
at the end f在……末端
by the end f到……末為止（用于完成時(shí)）
in the end最后；終于
My classmate waited fr me at the end f the street.我的同學(xué)在這條街的盡頭等我。
By the end f next mnth，they will have graduated frm this famus university.到下個(gè)月月底為止，他們將已經(jīng)從這所著名的大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。
In the end we persuaded him t help us.最終，我們說服他幫我們的忙。
1. ________ the end, the headmaster rse t indicate that the cnversatin was at ________ end.
2. The meeting ____________________ at last. （結(jié)束）
【答案】1. In an 2. came t an end
知識(shí)點(diǎn)5. as if ＝ as thugh “仿佛；好像”，可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end!仿佛到了世界末日！
It seemed (t sb．) that/as if．．．“(對(duì)某人來說)似乎……”。
(1)as if從句用陳述語氣：從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的。
(2)as if從句用虛擬語氣：
①?gòu)木溆靡话氵^去時(shí)(與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反)；
②從句用過去完成時(shí)(與過去的事實(shí)相反)；
③從句用wuld/culd/might d形式(與將來的事實(shí)相反)。
Lk at the cluds in the sky! It lks as if it is ging t rain.看看天上的云彩！看起來要下雨。
He treats me as if I were his wn daughter.他待我就像他的親生女兒一樣。
They talked as thugh they had been friends fr years.他們談起話來就像多年的老朋友。
1. It lks _____________ ur team ___________________ win the game.
看起來好像我們隊(duì)要贏得比賽了。
2. He talks t them as if they ．
他同他們說話，就當(dāng)他們是孩子一樣。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)
3. He talks abut Rme as if he ．
他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那里似的。(與過去事實(shí)相反)
4. He pened his muth as if he smething．
他張開嘴好像要說什么。(與將來事實(shí)相反)
【答案】1. as if is ging t 2. were children 3. had been there befre 4.wuld say
知識(shí)點(diǎn)6. ruin n．廢墟；毀滅 vt．毀滅；使破產(chǎn)
In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins．不到一分鐘，一座大城市就成了廢墟。
(1)be/lie in ruins 成為廢墟；毀滅
fall int ruins 成為廢墟；破敗不堪
(2)ruin ne’s hpe/chance 使某人的希望破滅/機(jī)會(huì)丟失
ruin neself 自我毀滅
Ever since the earthquake，this temple has been in ruins.自從地震以來，這座寺廟一直是廢墟一片。
A large number f churches fell/came int ruin after the big fld.洪災(zāi)過后，大批的教堂被毀掉了。
The little mistake ruined his chance f getting the jb.這個(gè)小錯(cuò)誤毀掉了他得到這份工作的機(jī)會(huì)。
Heavy smking may ruin yurself，s yu shuld give it up as sn as pssible.吸煙過量可能會(huì)毀掉你自己，因此你應(yīng)該盡快戒煙。
1. The ancient temple has been and needs repairing．
這座古老的廟宇已經(jīng)破敗不堪，需要修理。
2. Drunk-driving nt nly ruined (he) but als killed several passers-by．
醉駕不僅毀掉了他自己還導(dǎo)致幾位路人死亡。
3. Heavy smking , s yu shuld give up smking．
吸煙過量損害健康，因此你應(yīng)該戒煙。
【答案】1. in ruins 2. himself 3.ruins yur health
知識(shí)點(diǎn)7.shck n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt．(使)震驚
Peple were in shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again．
人們都很震驚——然后，那天下午晚些時(shí)候，唐山又發(fā)生了一次大地震。
(1)be a shck t...使……吃驚
(2)shcked adj．震驚的；驚訝的
be shcked at/by 對(duì)……吃驚
be shcked t d sth． 做某事很吃驚
(3)shcking adj． 令人震驚的
His situatin was a great shck t us all.他的處境使我們大為震驚。
I was shcked t hear the news that he had been fired.聽到他被解雇的消息，我很震驚。
The ending f this play is very shcking.這出戲的結(jié)局真令人震驚。
1. The news , leading t great cncern abut students’ safety at schl．
這個(gè)消息使公眾震驚，導(dǎo)致了對(duì)在校學(xué)生安全的擔(dān)心。
2. We are (shck) that s many peple were injured r died in the earthquake．
我們感到震驚的是，如此多的人在地震中傷亡。
3. The news f his sudden death is s ．(shck)
他突然死亡的消息如此令人震驚，以至于每個(gè)人聽到時(shí)都感到很震驚。
【答案】1. shcked the public 2. shcked 3.shcking that everyne is very much shcked at it
知識(shí)點(diǎn)8. trap vt．使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套 n．險(xiǎn)境；陷阱
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead．地震發(fā)生后不久，軍隊(duì)派遣了15萬名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人員并埋葬遇難者。
(1)fall int a trap 落入圈套
set a trap fr 給……設(shè)圈套
(2)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
trap sb．int (ding) sth． 誘使某人做某事
When the accident happened, they were trapped in the lift.當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時(shí)，他們正被困在電梯中。
If yu walk int the frest, yu’re likely t fall/walk int a trap.如果你走入森林，你很可能陷入圈套。
The man trapped the little by int entering the building.這個(gè)男人騙這個(gè)小男孩進(jìn)入了這座樓。
1. There was a pwer failure, they the lift．
停電了，他們被困在電梯里。
2. By clever questining they trapped him ．
他們用巧妙的提問誘使他說了實(shí)話。
【答案】1. were trapped in 2.int telling the truth
知識(shí)點(diǎn)9.bury vt．埋藏；掩埋；隱藏
Ever since he mved there, he has been buried in his research wrk．自從搬到那里以后，他一直專注于研究工作。
(1)bury．．．in．．． 把……埋到……里
bury ne’s face in hands 雙手掩面
(2)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(be buried in,bury （neself） in)) 埋頭于；專心于，沉浸于
She decided t bury the secret deep within herself.她決定把這個(gè)秘密深藏心底。
Since his wife left, he has buried himself in his wrk.自從妻子離開之后，他一直都埋頭于工作。
The girl was sitting there, burying her face in her hands.這個(gè)女孩坐在那里，雙手捂著臉。
1. She and wept when she heard the bad news．
當(dāng)她聽到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，她掩面而泣。
2. In the past three weeks, we have been burying (we) in study because the exam is drawing near．
在過去的三周里，我們一直專心于學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)榭荚嚰磳⒌絹怼?br>3. (bury) in his study, he didn’t knw that all the thers had left．
＝ (bury) himself in his study, he didn’t knw that all the thers had left．
＝Because he (bury) in his study, he didn’t knw that all the thers had left．
他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人都早已離開了。
【答案】1. buried her face in her hands 2.urselves 3.Buried Burying was buried
知識(shí)點(diǎn)10. shelter n.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處(常與介詞frm搭配) v.保護(hù)；掩蔽；躲避；遮蔽
Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed.救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者們蓋起了避難所。
(1) take shelter frm躲避……
under the shelter f在……的庇護(hù)下
(2) 保護(hù)……免受……
The children tk shelter frm the rain at a bus stp that day.那天孩子們?cè)谝粋€(gè)公共汽車站里避雨。
His brther is under the shelter f him, wh is a gvernment fficial.他的弟弟受到了他這個(gè)政府官員的庇護(hù)。
Trees can shelter the field frm the cld wind.大樹可以保護(hù)田地不受冷風(fēng)侵襲。
1. Sme parents want t ___________________________ every kind f danger, real r imagined.
一些家長(zhǎng)想要保護(hù)他們的孩子免受任何一種危險(xiǎn)，真實(shí)的或想象出來的。
2. Peple _________________________ in the department stre.
人們?cè)诎儇浬虉?chǎng)避雨。
【答案】1. shelter their kids frm 2. tk shelter frm the rain
知識(shí)點(diǎn)11.effrt n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple, a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins．在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一個(gè)新唐山在廢墟上建立了。
spare n effrt t d sth． 不遺余力做某事
make an effrt t d sth． 努力做某事
Finding a cure requires a great deal f time and effrt.找到一種治療方法需要大量的時(shí)間和精力。
The lcal clubs are making an/every effrt t interest mre yung peple.當(dāng)?shù)鼐銟凡空诒M一切努力來吸引更多的年輕人。
The gvernment is determined t spare n effrt in investigating this case thrughly.政府決定不遺余力地徹底調(diào)查這個(gè)案子。
1. I d believe that all yur will pay ff sner r later．我的確相信你的努力遲早會(huì)有所回報(bào)。
2. As far as I’m cncerned, yu shuld make hard．
依我看來，你應(yīng)該更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。
3. If I am lucky enugh t be given such a gd chance，I will (finish) the task．
如果我足夠幸運(yùn)被給予這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)，我將不遺余力地完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。
【答案】1. effrts 2. a greater effrt t study 3. spare n effrt t finish
知識(shí)點(diǎn)12.suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦
What kind f help d yu think peple wh have suffered an earthquake need?你認(rèn)為地震災(zāi)民需要什么樣的幫助？
(1)suffer frm 患……?。灰颉芸?br>suffer frm cld and hunger 忍饑挨凍
(2)suffer lsses/pains 遭受損失/痛苦
(3)suffering n．苦難，痛苦
sufferer n．受難者
As far as I knw, he has ever suffered frm a serius illness．據(jù)我所知，他曾患有嚴(yán)重的疾病。
They began t recver slwly frm their nightmare f pain and suffering.他們開始從痛苦的夢(mèng)魘中慢慢恢復(fù)過來。
1. The cmpany as a result f the accident．由于那次事故，該公司遭受了重大損失。
2. Even if he a lt f difficulties，he never gave in．盡管飽受許多困難之苦，但他從不屈服。
3. Death finally brught an end t her (suffer)．死亡最終結(jié)束了她的痛苦(遭受)。
【答案】1. suffered a great lss 2. suffered frm 3.suffering
知識(shí)點(diǎn)13.supply n．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl．]補(bǔ)給品 vt．供應(yīng)；供給
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry．向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的物資是從全國(guó)各地收集來的。
(1)schl/medical supplies 學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品
in shrt supply 供應(yīng)不足
(2)supply sth．t sb． 為某人提供某物
supply sb．with sth． 為某人提供某物
Fd supplies the energy fr mvement.食物為運(yùn)動(dòng)提供能量。
There is a gd supply f bks in the stre.這家店里有大量的書籍。
The Help Desk supplies service t yu all the year rund!服務(wù)臺(tái)常年為您提供服務(wù)！
1. The has been cut ff because the wrkers are repairing the main pipes．
因工人們?cè)谛拗饕艿溃Y源供應(yīng)被切斷。
2. The Internet us every day．
因特網(wǎng)每天給我們提供很多信息。
3. There is n need t wrry．We can supply yu _ whatever yu need．
＝There is n need t wrry．We can supply whatever yu need _yu．
沒有必要擔(dān)心，我們可以提供任何你需要的東西。
4. In sme pr cuntries f Africa, gds are really ________________.在一些非洲貧窮國(guó)家里，貨物的確供應(yīng)不足。
【答案】1. water supply 2. supplies a lt f infrmatin t 3.with t 4. in shrt supply
知識(shí)點(diǎn)14. survive vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艱難度過
She’s feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake．她在喂在地震中幸存的嬰兒。
(1)A survive B (by)... A比B活得長(zhǎng)……
survive n 依靠……生存下來
(2)survivr n． 幸存者
survival n． [U]幸存；[C]殘存物
I dn’t knw hw yu all manage t survive n yur small salary.我真不知道你們只靠微薄的薪金是怎樣過活的。
She was the nly persn t survive the accident.她是這次事故唯一的幸存者。
1. Of the six peple injured in the terrible accident, nly tw ．
在這次可怕的事故受傷的六人中，只有兩人活了下來。
2. The traveler trapped in the lnely island the fish caught in the sea．
被困在孤島上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的魚生存了下來。
3. The ld lady has survived all her sisters and brthers ten years．
那位老婦人比她所有的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。
【答案】1.survived 2. survived n 3.by
知識(shí)點(diǎn)15.calm vt．& vi．(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定 adj．平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的
I wnder if yu can help me t calm the little by dwn．不知道您能否幫我讓這個(gè)小男孩平靜下來。
(1)calm dwn 平靜下來
calm sb．dwn 使某人平靜下來；使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來
(2)keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜
As sn as their parents came in，the twin sisters calmed dwn.她們的父母剛一進(jìn)來，這對(duì)雙胞胎姐妹就安靜了下來。
D nt have a drink r take drugs t calm yurself dwn.不要用喝酒或吸毒的方式讓自己鎮(zhèn)靜下來。
1. The excited ftball fans at last．
激動(dòng)的足球迷們最終平靜了下來。
2. ；there is n need t feel upset abut it．
讓你自己平靜下來，沒有必要為此事心煩。
3. It is imprtant t in face f danger．
在面臨危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，保持鎮(zhèn)靜是重要的。
【答案】1. calmed dwn 2. Calm yurself dwn 3.keep calm
知識(shí)點(diǎn)16. v．-ing結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語
The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday, killing mre than 6，500 peple in Indnesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least fur ther cuntries．
在過去的四十年里，最強(qiáng)大的地震引發(fā)的一次海嘯在昨日撞向亞洲的海岸線，使印尼、印度、泰國(guó)、馬來西亞以及至少其他四個(gè)國(guó)家的 6 500多人喪生。
killing mre than 6，500 peple．．．為v．-ing結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語。
(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語常表示意料之內(nèi)、情理之中的結(jié)果。
(2)不定式作結(jié)果狀語常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。
What has happened is hard t explain，leaving us puzzled.所發(fā)生的這件事很難解釋，讓我們迷惑不解。
In severe cases，yur bdy isn’t able t sweat，causing yur bdy temperature t skyrcket.在嚴(yán)重的情況下，你的身體無法出汗，引起體溫急升。
1. I have learned yu are trying t lse weight, t becme mre beautiful．
我得知你在努力減肥，希望變得更漂亮。
2. Her parents died in the earthquake, (leave) her an rphan．
她父母死于地震，使她成為孤兒。
3. He hurried t the theatre, nly (find) that the tickets had been sld ut．
他趕到劇院，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)票已經(jīng)賣完了。
【答案】1. hping 2. leaving 3.t find
知識(shí)點(diǎn)17. Fishermen, turists, htels, hmes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strng earthquake that reached a magnitude f 9.0.
達(dá)到九級(jí)的強(qiáng)震引發(fā)的巨浪卷走了漁民、游客，沖毀了旅館、家園和汽車。
本句為復(fù)合句，句中 9.0為定語從句，修飾earthquake；另外，waves后面的caused 9.0為過去分詞短語做后置定語，表示被動(dòng)含義，相當(dāng)于“which/that were caused...”
【考點(diǎn)提煉】
過去分詞做定語
(1)過去分詞做定語常用來修飾名詞或代詞，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞或代詞。及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞只表示完成。
(2)過去分詞做定語分為前置和后置兩種情況：
①前置定語：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過去分詞做定語，通常放在被修飾詞之前，但有些單個(gè)的過去分詞習(xí)慣上放在所修飾詞語的后面，如left(剩余的)。
②后置定語：過去分詞短語做定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。
This is a used stamp.這是一張用過的郵票。(表示被動(dòng)和完成)
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他們正在打掃院子里的落葉。(只表示完成)
There is little time left. Let’s hurry up.剩余時(shí)間不多了，我們快點(diǎn)吧。
Is this the bk recmmended by the teacher? ( = Is this the bk which was. recmmended by the teacher?) 這是老師推薦的那本書嗎?
1. Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time __________ (spend) with his students.
2. After cmpleting and signing it, please return the frm t us in the envelp __________ (prvide).
【答案】1. spent 2. prvided
知識(shí)點(diǎn)18. strike vi．& vt．(struck；struck/stricken)打；撞擊；罷工；突然想到；打動(dòng)，迷??；(鐘) 敲；侵襲 n．罷工
(1) be struck 被……所侵襲；被……打動(dòng)
eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(sth．strike（s） sb．,It strikes sb．that/wh-．．．)) 某人突然想起
(2) be/g n strike 在罷工
The failure f their team struck sadness int his heart.他們隊(duì)的失利讓他很傷心。
It strikes me that there is n ne in the ffice.我突然想起辦公室里沒有人。
Many peple were struck by the film Wlf Warrir Ⅱ.很多人都被電影《戰(zhàn)狼2》打動(dòng)了。
寫出下列句中strike的含義
1. The clck struck twelve when I gt hme last night．
2. A terrible earthquake did strike the nrtheast f Japan n March 11．
3. A gd idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper．
4. The visitrs were struck by the beauty f the West Lake．
5. I shuld pay a visit t my teacher．
我突然想到，我應(yīng)該拜訪我的老師。
【答案】1. (鐘)敲 2. 侵襲 3. 突然想到 4. 打動(dòng)，迷住
5.It suddenly struck/hit me that
知識(shí)點(diǎn)19.deliver vt．遞送；生(小孩兒)；接生；發(fā)表(演說等)
Everyne wh is willing t take part will be given 3 minutes t deliver his speech．每個(gè)愿意參加的人都有3分鐘的時(shí)間來發(fā)表演講。
【巧學(xué)助記】
deliver sth．t 投遞/運(yùn)送某物給……
deliver a speech 發(fā)表演說
Chinese President Xi Jinping attended 2017 BRICKS Summit held in Xiamen and delivered an imprtant speech.
中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席在廈門舉辦的2017金磚峰會(huì)并發(fā)表了重要講話。
If yu subscribe t the newspaper, it’ll be delivered t yur dr.如果你訂閱報(bào)紙，它會(huì)給你送貨上門的。
寫出下列句子中deliver的漢語意思
1. I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday.遞送
2. The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by.生(小孩兒)
3. She is due t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering.發(fā)表(演講)
4. Hans was asked n the graduatin in Harvard University．
漢斯被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)诠鸫髮W(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表演講。
5. I wnder why yu refused (deliver) my letters t my hme last week．
我想知道上周你為什么拒絕把我的信送到我家。
【答案】1. t deliver a speech 2.t deliver
語法精講
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
(1)wh指人,在從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可省略。
The man wh is talking with my father is a teacher.正和我父親說話的那個(gè)人是教師。(作主語)
The girl (wh) I met yesterday was his sister.我昨天見到的那個(gè)女孩是他的妹妹。(作賓語)
(2)whm指人,在從句中作賓語,常可省略,不能作主語。
The man (whm) yu met just nw is my father.你剛剛遇到的人是我父親。(作賓語)
The teacher (whm) yu are waiting fr is cming.你等的那位老師來了。(作賓語)
(3)whse既可指人,也可指物。其后接名詞,與先行詞構(gòu)成從屬關(guān)系,在從句中作定語。
This is the scientist whse name is knwn all ver the cuntry.這就是那位聞名全國(guó)的科學(xué)家。(作定語)
Nbdy wants the huse whse rf has fallen in.沒有人想要這個(gè)屋頂已坍塌的房子。(作定語)
(4)which只指物,不指人,可作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可省略。
Guilin is a city which has a histry f 2,000 years.桂林是一個(gè)有2 000年歷史的城市。(作主語)
The yung man was very happy t get back the gld ring(which) he had lst n the train. (作賓語)
那個(gè)年輕人找回了在火車上丟失的金戒指,非常高興。
(5)that既可指人,也可指物,在從句中作主語、賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。
There is a film (that) I’d like t see.有一部電影我想去看。(作賓語)
She is the nly ne amng us that knws French.她是我們當(dāng)中唯一懂法語的人。(作主語)
只用that不用which的情況
(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,everything,nthing,much,any,little等不定代詞,或被n,little,all等修飾時(shí)。
He did everything that he culd fr me.他為我做了他所能做的所有的事。
N news that he tells us is gd.他告訴我們的消息沒有一個(gè)是好的。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞被最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以及the very,the nly修飾時(shí)。
This is the best film that I have seen.這是我所看過的最好的電影。
The nly thing that matters is the baby’s health.唯一重要的是這個(gè)嬰兒的健康。
This is the very bk that I’ve been lking fr.這正是我一直在找的那本書。
(3)當(dāng)先行詞既含有表示人的名詞又含有表示物的名詞時(shí)。
They talked abut the men and the things that they saw in the cuntry.
他們談到了在那個(gè)國(guó)家見到的人和事。
(4)當(dāng)主句是以which或wh開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。
Which is the htel that he stayed at last night?他昨晚住的是哪家旅館?
溫馨提示:
①關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí),根據(jù)先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定從句謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
He is the nly ne f the students that has passed the exam.(the nly ne為先行詞)
他是唯一通過考試的學(xué)生。
He is ne f the students wh have passed the exam .(the students為先行詞)
他是通過考試的學(xué)生之一。
②關(guān)系代詞的省略:在限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語 時(shí)(這時(shí)介詞不能在關(guān)系代詞前)常可省略。
The by (that/wh/whm)we saw last night was Li Ming.我們昨天晚上見到的那個(gè)男孩是李明。
③定語從句中常見錯(cuò)誤:
缺先行詞:Is this schl that yu visited last year?(該句缺先行詞,應(yīng)在“schl”后面加上“the ne”)
?缺關(guān)系詞:Children eat a lt f sugar ften have bad teeth.(應(yīng)在“Children”后面加上“wh”,關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)不能省略)
?成分重復(fù):This is the huse where I lived there years ag.(“where”和“there”句子成分重復(fù),應(yīng)去掉“there”)
一、完成句子。
根據(jù)語境，用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空。
1. Mr. Black is ging t Beijing in Octber, _______is the best seasn there.
2. I will never frget the days _______I spent with yur family.
3. I'll never frget the last day______ we spent tgether.
4. D yu still remember the place______ we visited last week?
5. Have yu ever been t Hangzhu, _____is famus fr the West Lake?
6. I live in Beijing, ____is the capital f China.
7. It is the third time ______yu have made the same mistake.
8. It was in the street _____I met Jhn yesterday.
9. It was abut 600 years ag____ the first clck with a face and an hur hand was made.
10. The mment _____I saw yu, I recgnized yu.
11. Wh is the student _____was late fr schl tday?
12. Wh _____knws him wants t make friends with him?
13. What else was there in my brther____ yu didn't like?
14. He lives in the rm____ windw faces t the suth.
15. This is Mr. Jhn fr____ sn I brught a bk yesterday.
【答案】
1. which 2. that/which 3. that 4. that/which 5. which 6. which 7. that
8. that 9. that 10. (that) 11.that 12.that 13. that 14.whse 15. whse
二、單句改錯(cuò)。
下列復(fù)合句中均含有一個(gè)定語從句，但有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)予改正。
1. These wh have plenty f mney will help their friends.
________________________________________________________________________
2. This is the lngest train which I have ever seen.
________________________________________________________________________
3. His parents wuldn’t let him marry anyne whm family was pr.
________________________________________________________________________
4. They have decided t stay at hme, that is, I think, a wise chice.
________________________________________________________________________
5. The radi set which I bught it last week has gne wrng.
________________________________________________________________________
6. I, wh is yur gd friend, will try my best t help yu.
________________________________________________________________________
7. Oh the wall hung a picture, which clr is blue.
________________________________________________________________________
8. Mr. Herin is ne f the freign experts wh is wrking in China.
________________________________________________________________________
9. They talked fr abut an hur f things and persns wh they remembered in the schl.
________________________________________________________________________
10. The bss whse department Ms King wrked ten years ag lk dwn upn wmen.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1. These→ Thse2. which→ that3. whm→ whse 4. that → which 5. 去掉it
6. is→ am 7.which-whse 8.is→are 9.wh→that 10. wrded后加in
寫作園地
【技巧點(diǎn)撥】
新聞報(bào)道是指用客觀敘述的方法，及時(shí)地傳遞新聞信息。反映在寫作上，要求作者客觀、如實(shí)地?cái)⑹?，而且要?jiǎn)練、及時(shí)。在體裁上，新聞報(bào)道屬于應(yīng)用文，但在寫作中，可以適當(dāng)添加說明、議論或抒情的成分。
此類文章可分三段：
1.導(dǎo)語：簡(jiǎn)要地寫出本消息中最有新聞價(jià)值的信息，主要是消息發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及事件的基本情況等。
2.主體：消息的主干部分，將導(dǎo)語中涉及的事實(shí)詳細(xì)展開，使消息更加具體可信。
3.結(jié)尾：對(duì)整篇消息的小結(jié)、說明等。
寫此類文章時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1.新聞六要素必須明確無誤。即新聞的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事情經(jīng)過和事情發(fā)生的原因及結(jié)果必須具體、確鑿。
2.新聞中引用的數(shù)字、引語、典故以及其他背景材料都必須有據(jù)可依。
3.新聞中對(duì)事物的解釋和說明必須符合事物的本來面目，不能歪曲事實(shí)。
【常用表達(dá)】
1.話題詞匯
(1)begin t shake開始晃動(dòng)
(2)at an end結(jié)束；終結(jié)
(3)lie in ruins成為廢墟
(4)the injured傷員
(5)the rescue team救援隊(duì)伍
(6)dig ut掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)
(7)be trapped in the ruins陷于廢墟
(8)build shelters建造避難所
(9)treat the injured治療傷員
(10)with the help f在……的幫助下
(11)g thrugh the hardship度過艱難時(shí)期
(12)rebuild ne's hmes重建家園
2.常用表達(dá)
(1)導(dǎo)語部分
= 1 \* GB3 ①Accrding t a recent survey, abut 78.9% f the cllege students wanted t further their study after graduatin. 根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，大約78.9%的大學(xué)生想畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)深造。
= 2 \* GB3 ②The weather being fine，a large number f peple went t climb the West Hill.天氣很好，很多人去爬西山。
③Great changes have taken place in China.中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
= 4 \* GB3 ④Thanks t the Hpe Prject, great changes have taken place in this western cuntry schl.多虧了希望工程，西部這所鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
(2)主體部分
= 1 \* GB3 ①T slve the prblem, sme measures shuld be taken. 為了解決這個(gè)問題，(我們)應(yīng)該采取一些措施。
= 2 \* GB3 ②As we all knw, the Internet is playing an imprtant part in ur daily life.眾所周知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在我們的日常生活中起著重要的作用。
③The number f the injured in the accident has reached mre than12. 事故中受傷的人數(shù)已經(jīng)超過12個(gè)。
(3)結(jié)尾部分
= 1 \* GB3 ①We shuld spare n effrt t beautify ur envirnment. 我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地美化我們的環(huán)境。
= 2 \* GB3 ②With the rapid develpment f the sciety, ur cuntry will surely have a brighter future.隨著社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展，我們的國(guó)家一定會(huì)有更光明的未來。
③I suggest that the gvernment shuld d smething mre t slve the serius prblems.我建議政府應(yīng)該為解決這些嚴(yán)重的問題做更多的工作。
= 4 \* GB3 ④We have every reasn t believe that the develpment will be a great success.我們有足夠的理由相信這次發(fā)展會(huì)很成功。
5月1日，高一(6)班的學(xué)生志愿者李建和張瑩去陽光社區(qū)(Sunshine Cmmunity)看望兩位孤寡老人(heirless ld cuple)，開展志愿者活動(dòng)(送鮮花和水果、打掃衛(wèi)生、聊天等)。假如你是校英語報(bào)的記者，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)用英語寫一則100~120個(gè)詞的新聞報(bào)道。
1.時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、活動(dòng)；
2.老人們的反應(yīng)；
3.簡(jiǎn)短評(píng)論。
注意：報(bào)道的標(biāo)題和記者姓名已給出(不計(jì)人總詞數(shù))。
Student Vlunteers Brught
Sunshine t the Elderly
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________By Chen Jie，Schl Newspaper
【思路導(dǎo)引】
1.審題做到四定位：
主題定位：學(xué)生去獻(xiàn)愛心，為老人們帶來歡樂和溫暖。
體裁定位：新聞報(bào)道，屬于應(yīng)用文。
時(shí)態(tài)定位：以一般過去時(shí)為主，可適當(dāng)穿插使用其他過去時(shí)態(tài)。
內(nèi)容定位：5月1日，高一(6)班的學(xué)生志愿者去陽光社區(qū)獻(xiàn)愛心(送鮮花和水果、打掃衛(wèi)生、聊天等)；老人的反應(yīng)；自己的感受。
2.結(jié)構(gòu)安排：
第一段 報(bào)道事實(shí) 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、活動(dòng)等
第二段 老人的反應(yīng) 對(duì)志愿者表示感謝
第三段 簡(jiǎn)短評(píng)論 給他人帶來了歡樂，也豐富了自己的生活
One pssible versin:
Student Vlunteers Brught
Sunshine t the Elderly
On May 1st，Li Jian and Zhang Ying, students frm Class Six, Grade One, went t see the heirless ld cuple in Sunshine Cmmunity and did sme vluntary wrk. Upn their arrival, Li Jian and Zhang Ying were warmly welcmed, and respectfully, they presented the ld cuple with flwers and fruits. Then they started wrking at nce, cleaning the windws and sweeping the flr. Everything dne，they sat in the yard chatting with the ld cuple.
When it was time fr the vlunteers t leave, the ld cuple thanked them fr their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they wuld remember frever.
Li Jian and Zhang Ying were very happy. What they did has brught jy t thers and als enriched their wn lives.
By Chen Jie，Schl Newspaper
分層提分
題組A 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題2分，共16分)
1．The brave firefighter three children frm the burning huse yesterday.
2．The ld farmer was very upset because the stnes caused great t his wheat.
3．Sme parents are just s prtective that they want t their kids frm every kind f danger real r imagined.
4．She has been frm the lss f memry since she had that car accident.
5．His skill in dealing with (突發(fā)事件) has earned him a reputatin.
6．We shuld recgnize ur children’s (努力) t push themselves and wrk hard t achieve a gal.
7．The frequent natural (災(zāi)難) have brught peple in the area mre than $4 millin wrth f damage.
8．The (供應(yīng)品) which are prvided t the disaster area will be cllected frm arund the cuntry.
【答案】1.rescued 2.damage 3.shelter 4.suffering
Ⅱ.詞形變化填空(用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(每小題2分，共14分)
Peple were t see that the little girl was ften beaten by her stepmther.The news
all the peple arund.(shck)
10． (bury) in her graduatin paper，Mary has n time t d a part-time jb.
11．We measured the f the living rm and fund it was 6.3 meters .(lng)
12．With the gvernment’s aid，thse (affect) by the earthquake have mved t new shelters.
13．Mastering sme basic skills wuld greatly increase yur chances f .Thanks t the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in the terrible fld and they were the nly tw .(survive)
14．Bth f the ways are (effect) and which ne t chse is really a matter f persnal preference.
15．The disease has affected many peple and has caused at least 30 up t nw.(dead)
【答案】
9.shcked ,shcking ,shcked ,,surviving ,survivrs14.effective
15.deadly ,deaths
Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題2分，共10分)
16．我太焦慮，每天直到很晚才能睡著。
Every day until late int the night.
17．要求想?yún)⒓哟舜尾烧顒?dòng)的人明天早晨7點(diǎn)到學(xué)校門口集合。
are required t gather at the schl gate at 7：00 am tmrrw.
18．大火持續(xù)了三天，給當(dāng)?shù)氐木用裨斐闪司薮蟮膿p失。
The fire lasted fr 3 days， .
19．他正在河邊散步正在此時(shí)他聽見了有人喊救命。
he heard smene crying fr “Help！”．
20．但是天開始黑了，這使得我們更難找到回家的路。
Hwever，it was getting dark， .
【答案】
I was t anxius t fall asleep
Thse wh want t participate in the picking activity
causing great damage t the lcals
He was walking alng the river when
making it mre difficult t find ur way hme
題組B 能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空
On 28 July,1976，ne millin peple ignred the strange things that had been happening in Tangshan and went t bed 1. usual.At 3：42 am，a strng earthquake 2. culd be felt in Beijing shk Tangshan,3. (cause) great damage t the city.The whle city lay in ruins.Tw thirds f the peple wh lived there were injured，and the number f peple wh were killed r 4. (bad) injured 5. (be) mre than 400,000.Nt nly factries and hmes were destryed，but als almst all hspitals where they culd be treated 6. (g)．Peple were shcked.7. (make) matters wrse，anther earthquake which was as 8. (strength) as the first ne struck Tangshan again later that afternn.It seemed as if the wrld were at 9. end.150,000 sldiers came t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes 10. (destry)．With jint effrts，the city began t breathe again.
【答案】1.as 2.which gne7.T 10.had been destryed
請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后翻譯短文并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語法項(xiàng)目：定語從句)
eq \x(death，suffer，breathe，deliver，damage，strike，bury，shck)
Disasters such as trnades，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1. t many cuntries.Amng them the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 2. .90 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3. a lt.Everywhere the 4. survivrs saw destryed bricks and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams dug ut the trapped,5. the dead and built shelters.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，the city revived itself and began t
again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 7. Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines and swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by
8. fd and supplies by helicpter.(Tips fr emergency：※Keep calm※Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines※Survive n what yu have n hand.)
【答案】1.damage 4.shcked 5.buried 6.breathe 7.struck 8.delivering
題組C 培優(yōu)拔尖練
閱讀理解
A
On February 3,1931,the peace f New Zealand’s Hawke’s Bay regin was destryed when the area was hit by the wrst earthquake in New Zealand’s histry.At 10:46 am n that summer’s day,the quake hit with a magnitude f 7.9 n the Richter scale(里氏震級(jí)).The centre f the quake lied sme 15 t 20 kilmeters nrth f the tw main centers,Napier and Hastings.The quake lasted fr tw and a half minutes.Many peple died in the earthquake.
A fire brke ut immediately after the quake.The fire started in a chemist’s shp and spread quickly.Then the Fire Department in Napier came t help,but they were at a lss t cntrl the fire as a result f lsing their water supply.Hwever,the water supply in Hastings,was still usable,allwing them t fight back against the fire.
The frce f the earthquake destryed many f the city’s famus landmarks(地標(biāo)).Chunks f the castline were thrwn int the sea.Napier’s Bluff Hill,a ppular turist spt,was cmpletely destryed and thrwn int the waters belw.
Mst f the majr buildings in the city were cmpletely destryed.Rads and cmmunicatins acrss the whle area were cut.Peple were afraid t enter their hmes fr days and fund shelters at the lcal Mtr Camp r n the beach.There were abut 150 aftershcks(余震) in the 24 hurs after the main shck.Over the next 2 weeks,there wuld be 525 such aftershcks.
1.The wrst earthquake tk place in New Zealand .
A.at night B.in the mrning
C.at nn D.in the afternn
2.The firefighters in Napier failed t put ut the fire prbably because .
A.there was n usable water
B.they culdn’t get clse t it
C.the flames spread t quickly
D.The wind was very strng
3.The last tw paragraphs mainly tell us that .
A.there were many places f interest in New Zealand
B.the earthquake damaged the city seriusly
C.many famus landmarks were thrwn int the sea
D.peple were afraid t enter their hmes fr sleep
4.What’s the best title fr this passage?
A.The 1931 Hawke’s Bay earthquake
B.New Zealand’s tw cities
C.The great fire after the great earthquake
D.The city’s famus landmarks
【答案】語篇導(dǎo)讀文章介紹了1931年2月3日新西蘭的霍克斯灣地區(qū)發(fā)生的嚴(yán)重地震及其造成的極大損失。
1.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“At 10:46 am n that summer’s day,the quake hit with a magnitude f 7.9 n the Richter scale”.可知B項(xiàng)正確。
2.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“but they were at a lss t cntrl the fire as a result f lsing their water supply”可知答案。
3.B 【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段的內(nèi)容可知地震摧毀了城市里的許多著名地標(biāo),這座城市的大部分主要建筑被完全摧毀了,即地震對(duì)城市破壞嚴(yán)重。
4.A 【解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章介紹了1931年霍克斯灣的地震以及地震給該地區(qū)所帶來的損害。
B
Parents may think they’re smart abut where they stre medicines, but their kids are smarter．Nearly 60, 000 yung children are rushed t the hspital every year after getting int medicines nt meant fr them, accrding t a new reprt frm Safe Kids Wrldwide．
The reprt finds little cnnectin between what parents knw abut string medicines safely and what they actually d．9 ut f 10 parents knw that medicines shuld be stred up and away and ut f reach and sight, but 7 ut f 10 f them admit nt ding that．They leave medicines ut n kitchen cunters, sinks and sfas, believing babies and tddlers(學(xué)步的兒童) aren’t tall enugh r strng enugh t reach them．Unfrtunately, they prbably can．Children as yung as a mnth have ended up in an emergency department because they have been pisned by getting int a medicine that was left within reach．
Mst pisnings related t medicines—particularly amng babies and tddlers—ccur within their hme．Kids develp rapidly and they want t explre their envirnment．At certain ages they have a lt f activities using their hands and muths, and s it’s very cmmn fr them t explre their envirnment and then try t taste what they find．
The new Safe Kids Wrldwide reprt includes a survey f 2, 000 parents with children under age 6．While the number f children visiting an emergency department fr accidental pisnings has declined since the 2010 maximum, the decline has slwed in recent years．
Prescriptin and ver-the-cunter medicines cause the mst severe pisnings, but vitamins and supplements(補(bǔ)給品) can als cause prblems．There are steps families can take t lwer the risk fr an accidental medicine pisning．
1．Why are children pisned accrding t the text?
A．Sme f the medicines at hme taste nice．
B．There is smething pisnus in medicines．
C．Kids have easy access t medicines at hme．
D．Kids are curius t explre the envirnment．
2．What can we learn frm the text?
A．Vitamins and supplements can d gd t kids．
B．The team made a survey f 2, 000 kids under age 6．
C．600 parents surveyed culd keep medicines prperly．
D．Kids are usually smart at string medicines at hme．
3．What is the authr likely t write abut after the last paragraph?
A．Factrs cntributing t the mistakes parents have made．
B．Tips that parents can fllw t avid a medicine pisning．
C．Examples related t vitamin and supplement pisnings．
D．Impressive recvery results in helping patients．
4．What culd be the best title fr the text?
A．Parents’ Casual Behavir Leads t Kids Pisned
B．The Number f Kids Pisned Has Declined Lately
C．Nearly 60, 000 Children Are Pisned by Medicines
D．Kids Are Facing the Risk f Being Pisned at Hme
【答案】1. C 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，引發(fā)兒童藥物中毒的原因是父母把藥品放在了孩子能夠得著的地方，故選C。
2. C 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“9 ut f 10 parents knw that medicines shuld be stred up and away and ut f reach and sight, but 7 ut f 10 f them admit nt ding that．” 和第四段中的“The new Safe Kids Wrldwide reprt includes a survey f 2，000 parents with children under age 6．” 可知十分之九的家長(zhǎng)知道藥品該放在哪里，但十分之七的人承認(rèn)做不到。所以被調(diào)查的2 000人中只有十分之三能做到，即600人能正確存放藥品。故選C。
3. B 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“There are steps families can take t lwer the risk fr an accidental medicine pisning．” 可知有許多措施能夠降低兒童藥物中毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，那么下文就該詳細(xì)介紹這些措施，故選B。
4. A 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章介紹了每年有許多兒童藥物中毒事件發(fā)生，事故原因就是父母把藥品放在了孩子夠得著的地方，導(dǎo)致孩子誤食。A項(xiàng)：父母平時(shí)隨便的行為導(dǎo)致孩子藥品中毒，能概括全文，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
語法填空
Muntain climbing is a sprt different frm rck climbing．Muntain climbing equipment therefre differs 1．____________ rck climbing equipment smetimes, 2．____________ the tw sprts d have many pieces f equipment in cmmn．
Perhaps 3．____________ mst cmmn piece f muntain climbing equipment is the carabiner, 4．____________ is a metal hk(掛鉤) with a gate that pens and clses t make a rpe thrugh it．This piece f equipment is used fr a variety f purpses, and mst 5．____________(climber) have several carabiners n hand during a climb．
Muntain climbers als 6．____________(usual) use a tl called an ice axe(冰鎬)．This tl is used fr different purpses accrding t 7．____________(it) design: sme ice axes are designed fr climbing pieces f ice, and they are used tgether with anther piece f muntain climbing equipment 8．____________(knw) as crampns．Crampns have sharp metal teeth that 9．____________(cnnect) with the climber’s shes．The ice axes used fr climbing ften feature a bend in the handle, and peple ften chse the ice axe that 10．____________(be) narrw and strng enugh t be plunged(穿入) int hard ice repeatedly．The teeth f the crampn are als narrw and quite hard fr the same purpses．
【答案】1．frm 解析：考查介詞。differ frm sth．與……不一樣。
2．thugh/althugh 解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，登山是一種與攀巖不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)。盡管這兩項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的很多裝備一樣，但還是有些裝備不一樣。故填thugh/althugh。
3．the 解析：考查冠詞。因?yàn)榇丝蘸竺媸切稳菰~的最高級(jí)，故用定冠詞the。
4．which 解析：考查關(guān)系代詞。因?yàn)榇颂幨且粋€(gè)非限制性定語從句，且先行詞為carabiner，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which。
5．climbers 解析：考查名詞的數(shù)。因?yàn)榍懊媸莔st修飾，且climber是可數(shù)名詞，故填climbers。
6．usually 解析：考查副詞。此處是用來修飾動(dòng)詞use，故用其副詞形式，故填usually。
7．its 解析：考查代詞。此處it指代前面的This tl，又因?yàn)樾揎椀氖敲~，故用形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。
8．knwn 解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處是作后置定語，且equipment與knw構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。
9．a(chǎn)re cnnected 解析：考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。因?yàn)閟harp metal teeth與cnnect構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填are cnnected。
10．is 解析：考查主謂一致。因?yàn)橹髡Zthat指代the ice axe，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填is。
重點(diǎn)詞匯
閱讀單詞——我會(huì)認(rèn)
1．trnad n．(pl.-es r -s)龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)
2．drught n．旱災(zāi)；久旱
3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．tsunami n．海嘯
5．magnitude n．(地)震級(jí)；重大
6．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤離
7．helicpter n．直升機(jī)
8．crack n．裂紋；裂縫 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
9．brick n．磚；磚塊
10．metal n．金屬
11．revive vt.& vi.復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒
12．revival n．振興；復(fù)蘇
13．unify vi.& vt.統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體
14．vlcan n．(pl.-es r -s)火山
15．typhn n．臺(tái)風(fēng)
16．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)
17．whistle vi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲
18．summary n．總結(jié)；概括；概要
重點(diǎn)單詞——我會(huì)寫
1．disaster n．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害
2．slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑動(dòng)
3．fld n．洪水；大量 vi.淹沒；大量涌入 vt.使灌滿水；淹沒
4．rescue n．& vt.營(yíng)救；救援
5．damage vt.損害；破壞n．損壞；損失
6．destry vt.摧毀；毀滅
7．shelter n．避難處；居所；庇護(hù) vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽 vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))
8．ruin n．& vt.破壞；毀壞
9．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
10．trap vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套 n．險(xiǎn)境；陷阱
11．bury vt.埋葬；安葬
12．effrt n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
13．cntext n．上下文；語境；背景
14．supply n．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品 vt.供應(yīng)；供給
15．tap vi.& vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍 n．水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
16．pipe n．管子；管道
17．calm adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜
18．a(chǎn)id n．援助；幫助；救援物資 vi.& vt.(frmal)幫助；援助
19．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞擊 n．撞車；碰撞
20．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打掃；清掃
21．wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.揮手；招手
22．strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打 n．罷工；罷課；襲擊
詞匯拓展
1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡
2．a(chǎn)ffect vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)→effect n．效果；影響→effective adj.有效的→affectin n．喜歡；喜愛；感情
3．shck n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt.(使)震驚→shcking adj.令人震驚的→shcked adj.感到震驚的
4．electricity n．電；電能→electric adj.電的；用電的→electrnic adj.電子的
5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.氣喘吁吁的
6．wisdm n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的
7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→suffering n．受難；苦楚
8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出→eruptin n．噴發(fā)
9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艱難度過→survival n．幸存；生還→survivr n．幸存者；生還者
10．emergency n．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況→emergent adj.緊急的→emerge vi.浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)
11．deliver vt.& vi.遞送；傳達(dá) vt.發(fā)表→delivery n．投遞；送交
12．length n．長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)度→lng adj.長(zhǎng)的→lengthen v．(使)變長(zhǎng)
重點(diǎn)詞組
1．vlcanic eruptin火山噴發(fā)
2．a(chǎn)s if似乎；好像；仿佛
3．in ruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
4．in shck震驚；吃驚
5．in the pen air露天；在戶外
6．first aid kit急救箱
7．n hand現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)
8．sweep away消滅；徹底消除
重點(diǎn)句型
1．Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.
雞甚至連豬都太緊張而不能吃東西，狗也不愿意進(jìn)屋里去。
2．Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.
地震剛剛過去，部隊(duì)派出了15萬名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
3．The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.
過去40年來最強(qiáng)的一次地震引起的海嘯昨天登陸了亞洲海岸，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國(guó)、馬來西亞以及其他至少四個(gè)國(guó)家的6,500多人死亡。
4．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.
我正和我的三個(gè)孩子一起吃早飯，突然海水開始灌到我家。
5．Hwever，dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd and supplies.
然而，危險(xiǎn)的狀況以及受損的道路將會(huì)使得運(yùn)送食物和物資變得困難。