人教版（2019）選擇性必修一?？贾攸c詞語辨析學(xué)案

這是一份高中英語本冊綜合精品導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案，共21頁。學(xué)案主要包含了單項選擇，閱讀七選五，閱讀理解等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

1. accuse/charge
accuse和charge都有“指責(zé)，控告”之意，有時可通用，但結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣
accuse不一定針對重大過失或罪行，其結(jié)構(gòu)為accuse sb f sth
charge —般用于重大過失或罪行，其結(jié)構(gòu)為charge sb with sth，還有“使某人負(fù)……責(zé)任”之意。
My father accused me f my being t careless.父親責(zé)備我太粗心。
He accused me f neglecting my duty.他指控我玩忽職守。
He charged me with neglecting my duty.他指控我玩忽職守。
Jimmy was charged with murder.吉米被控謀殺。
2. elder/elderly
elder 與elderly 兩者都為“年老的”，但有細(xì)微的差別。
elderly 指中年與暮年之間的年齡，表示人已過中年，因此，這詞常用來代替 ld。
elder指年齡稍長者，適用于家庭的兄弟姐妹之間。
如：Tm is the elder f the tw. 湯姆是兩個孩子中較大的一個。
如：an elderly gentleman. 一位年長的紳士。
3. annunce/declare
declare：宣布，聲明。指以正式的話語公開宣布某件事。
例：The chairman declared the exhibitin pen. （主席宣布展覽會開幕。）
annunce：宣布，宣告。常指首次公開或正式宣布人們關(guān)心的某件事情。
例：The gvernment annunced that the danger was past.
It was annunced that the natinal science cnference wuld sn be held in Beijing.
另外，要表達(dá)“向某人宣布某事”，應(yīng)用annunce t sb. sth.
例：He annunced t us the news and then said t us, “Nw let me explain t yu in details.” （他向我們宣布了這個消息，然后對我們說：“現(xiàn)在讓我詳細(xì)給你們解釋吧?！保?br/>4. alive/live/living
alive, live, living 這些形容詞均有"活著的，活的"之意。
alive: 其反義詞為dead，指生命從奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各種狀態(tài)。
live: 通常作定語，指活生生的，生氣勃勃的，還可表示現(xiàn)場直播的。
living: 其反義詞為dead，指包括人和動植物的生命沒有消失、仍然存在的狀態(tài)。
lively: 充滿活力的；活潑的
例如：
This is my favurite live album 這是我最喜愛的現(xiàn)場專輯。
I never expected t feel s alive in my life again. 我怎么也沒想到自己會再一次這樣活力煥發(fā)。
He has a lively sense f humur and appears naturally cnfident.
他有一種活潑外向的幽默感，看上去大方自信。
4. agree with/agree t/agree n
agree with同意，贊成（后接“人”或what從句作賓語）；適合，適應(yīng)；一致
例：I dn’t quite agree with yu.
例：Nbdy agreed with what he had said at the meeting.
例：The weather here desn’t agree with mst f us 這里的天氣我們多數(shù)人不適應(yīng)。
例：Yur wrds d nt agree with yur actin你的言行不一
agree t同意，贊成。指一方同意另一方的意見、建議、觀點、想法等
例：Jhn can’t agree t Je’s idea.
agree n對……達(dá)成共識。指雙方或多方對某事取得一致意見。例如：
例：Finally Jhn and Je agreed n the plan.
5. argue/quarrel
argue：辯論，爭論。指提出理由或論據(jù)以支持或反駁某種意見或主張，著重說理。
如：What are yu arguing abut? I argued with him the whle day.
quarrel：爭論，爭吵，吵架。
It’s unwise t quarrel with yur bss abut that. 為那件事同你老板爭吵是不明智的。
6. arrive/reach/get
都有“到達(dá)”的意思
arrive通常與介詞at或in連用，它和reach是比較正式的用語；
get通常與介詞t連用，在口語中常用。
arrive和get后接副詞如here, there, hme等時，不用介詞。
reach是及物動詞；
reach和arrive at還有“達(dá)成協(xié)議，做出決定”的意思。
例When we arrived at the statin, the train had left.
At five, they arrived in Beijing.
The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday.
At what time did yu get t the pst ffice?
The tw sides failed t reach/arrive at an agreement after several hurs’ discussin.
幾個小時的討論后，雙方還是沒能達(dá)成一致意見
7. ask/inquire/questin
ask：問ask sb. sth.或ask sth. f sb.；請求ask sb. t d sth.；要索取ask fr sth.
May I ask yu sme questins?
Why did he ask yu t cme again?
Did he ask fr anything?
inquire：問，詢問。它與ask同義，但是比較正式的用語；與int連用時，表示“查究，調(diào)查”
I have inquired f him whether he culd help me. 我已經(jīng)問過他能否幫我。
We must inquire int the matter. ＝lk int，我們必須調(diào)查此事。
questin：提問，質(zhì)問，審問，懷疑。
At first the girls read a chapter frm their bks, and then the teacher began t questin them.
I questin whether he was nce questined by the plice.
8. be familiar with/be familiar t
be familiar with：對……熟悉。
Mst f us are familiar with the pp star.
Jhn was very familiar with this kind f situatin.
be familiar t：對……來說是熟悉的；為……所熟知。
The pp star is familiar t mst f us.
This kind f situatin was all t familiar t Jhn. (=very familiar)
9. catch/seize/hld/catch hld f
catch：抓住，捉?。悔s上車。常指從空中抓住某物，或指捕捉等。
He caught the ball and sht the basket. 他抓住球，投籃。
We caught lts f fish tday.
I gt up early s that I culd catch the first bus.
seize：抓住 指用力猛抓；捉拿，逮捕。
It’s a pity that I didn’t seize the chance.
Immediately the thief was seized and sent t the plice statin.
hld：握住，手持，抱著。
She was hlding an umbrella.
At that mment I held him by the arm. 就在這一刻我抓住了他的手臂。
catch hld f：抓住，抓牢。指抓住某物不放手，相當(dāng)于get hld f。
Be sure t catch hld f the rpe.
10. cllect/gather
gather：收集，聚集；采摘。指把零散的東西集中到一起。賓語通?？梢允侨?，也可以是物。
She is gathering wild flwers in the field.
Please gather the students fr me.
He wants t gather mney fr a mtrbike. 他想攢錢買一輛摩托車。
cllect：收集，集合。指精心地、有選擇地收集；作為該意思時，其賓語只能是物。
Are yu fnd f cllecting stamps?
They are cllecting mney fr the kids in thse pr areas.
他們正在為貧困地區(qū)的孩子們集資。
注意：作為不及物動詞時，兩者可以互用。
We’ll gather/cllect at the gate f the schl at 8:00 a.m. tmrrw.
11. cmpare with/cmpare t
cmpare with：把……和……相比。
cmpare t：比喻為，把……比作；把……和……相比。
Can yu cmpare this wrd with that ne?
Yung peple are usually cmpared t the rising sun. 年輕人常被比作初升的太陽
cmpared t/with：比起來，與……相比。過去分詞短語作狀語，介詞用t/with均可。
Cmpared t/with ther peple, yu were indeed very frtunate.
比起其他人，你算夠幸運的了。
12. cntain/include
cntain：包含全部，容納。
include：包括部分。
Senir Bk One cntains twelve units, including tw chsen frm the ld textbk.
This atlas cntains frty maps, including three f Great Britain.
這地圖集含有四十幅地圖，包括英國地圖三幅在內(nèi)。
Hw much des this bttle cntain? 這瓶能裝多少？
13. cst/spend/pay/buy/charge/sell
cst：花費，付出代價。以事物做主語，即sth+ cst + (sb) + 金錢、時間、勞力或其他代價。
The bk cst me $10.
Careless driving cst him his life. 粗心駕駛使他付出了生命的代價。
spend：花費。主語是人，可以指花金錢，也可以指花時間。
sb. + spend +時間+ (in) + v.-ing/sb. + spend +金錢 (時間) + n sth.
I spent $10 n the bk.
I spent tw hurs (in) finishing the cmpsitin.
take: 花費時間或金錢
it takes sb. +時間/金錢+ t d sth.
It tk me tw hurs t finish the cmpsitin.
pay：付款
pay fr sth.
I paid $10 fr the bk.
charge：收費
charge sb. mney fr sth.
They charged me $10 fr the bk. 買這本書，他們收我十美元。
sell：賣。
sell sth. fr mney
They sld me the bk fr $10
（答題時間：40分鐘）
一、單項選擇
1. It is the _____ fr Westerners t celebrate Christmas.
A. habitB. manner
C. custmD. way
2. Mst parents think that cmputer games have a bad _______ n their children.
A. expressinB. influence
C. impressinD. cnclusin
*3. She will ________ an imprtant meeting next week.
A. jin B. take part in
C. jin in D. attend
4. Recently CCTV statin has made a prgram that reviews the imprtant ______ f the past 20 years.
A. affairsB. events
C. incidentsD. matter
5. The teacher gave them _______ t arrive early tmrrw mrning.
A. descriptinsB. instructins
C. intrductinsD. cnstructins
6. She was s _______ when she saw the snake and let ut a lud cry immediately.
A. frightenedB. disappinted
C. energeticD. anxius
*7. A hrrible thught _________ him when he was waiting fr Tm in the airprt: what if the plane frm Malaysia had been hijacked（劫持）?
A. attackedB. struck
C. beatD. ccurred
8. My lawyer’s hurly（每小時的）_____ is 130 dllars.
A. feeB. cst
C. fareD. mney
9. The dctr tried t _______ him t give up smking, but he wuldn’t listen.
A. adviseB. suggest
C. agreeD. persuade
*10. Yur basketball team _____ ur team yesterday, but we ______ the game this afternn.
A. beat; beatB. beat; wn
C. wn; wnD. wn; beat
二、閱讀七選五
D yu keep getting fired? Yu say yu dn’t have any idea why this keeps happening t yu. It must be that all yur ex-bsses were lsers r that yu just had bad luck, right? Hmm. That’s prbably nt it. Take an hnest lk at yur behavir and ask yurself if yu might be t blame fr yur repeated jb lss. Only after yu d this can yu take the actins necessary t change this pattern. 11. _____
12. _____
D yu take pride in yur wrk r d yu nt care hw it turns ut? If yu are mre interested in simply cmpleting a prject than in ding it well, yu may have just fund the rt f yur prblem. Mst bsses d nt want t pay emplyees (雇員) whse wrk is pr. If yu are careless r if yu make a lt f mistakes, yu will have t change yur ways.
Yu Aren’t Cmpleting Wrk n Time
13. _____ As they say, time is mney. Emplyees wh can’t cmplete wrk as quickly as required cause prblems fr their emplyers. Is this yur prblem? Yu can slve it by imprving yur time management (管理) skills. Learn hw t perfect yur wrk.
Yu Dn’t Get Alng with Yur C-wrkers
Are yu always getting int disagreements with yur c-wrkers? *14. _____ As wrkers becme distracted (注意力分散的) frm their wrk, prductivity declines. Obviusly this cncerns emplyers wh will want t fire anyne respnsible fr the disagreement. 15. _____ — yu dn’t even have t like them all — but if yu dn’t want t keep getting fired, try t have gd wrking relatinships (關(guān)系).
A. D yu find it difficult t stick t deadlines?
B. Yu Aren’t Ding Yur Wrk Well
C. Yu Are Unwilling t Take n Difficult Prjects
D. Let’s explre sme things that may be causing yu t keep getting fired.
E. When emplyees dn’t get alng with ne anther, wrkplaces suffer.
F. Yu dn’t have t lve everyne with whm yu wrk.
G. If yu are unable t manage yur anger at wrk, yur bss is likely t see yu as a truble.
三、閱讀理解
During the rsy years f elementary schl（小學(xué)）, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status. I was the queen f the playgrund. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cl kids. They rse in the ranks nt by being friendly but by smking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jkes n thers, amng whm I sn fund myself.
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there’s the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies shw unpleasant cnsequences. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl, as well as thse least liked in elementary schl, are “mst likely t engage（從事）in dangerus and risky behavir. ”
In ne study, Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents, scring the least liked, the mst liked and the highest in status based n student surveys（調(diào)查研究）. “We fund that the least well-liked teens had becme mre aggressive ver time tward their classmates. But s had thse wh were high in status. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us. "
Dr. Prinstein has als fund that the qualities that made the neighbrs want yu n a play date-sharing, kindness, penness — carry ver t later years and make yu better able t relate and cnnect with thers.
In analyzing his and ther research，Dr. Prinstein came t anther cnclusin: Nt nly is likability related t psitive life utcmes, but it is als respnsible fr thse utcmes, t. "Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences that help smebdy gain an advantage, ” he said.
16. What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A. Unkind.
B. Lnely.
C. Generus.
D. Cl.
*17. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut？
A. The classificatin f the ppular.
B. The characteristics f adlescents.
C. The imprtance f interpersnal skills.
D. The causes f dishnrable behavir
18. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find abut the mst liked kids?
A. They appeared t be aggressive.
B. They tended t be mre adaptable.
C. They enjyed the highest status.
D. They perfrmed well academically.
*19. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Be Nice-Yu Wn’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best-Yu Can Make It
D. Mre Self-Cntrl, Less Aggressiveness
一、單項選擇
1. C 解析：custm意為“傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)俗”（指某個民族的）；而habit是指個人的習(xí)慣；manner意為“方式，方法；態(tài)度，風(fēng)度”；way則指“方式，手段；道路”。根據(jù)句子意思“西方人慶祝圣誕節(jié)是一種傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗”，所以應(yīng)選C。
2. B 解析：expressin 表情，表達(dá)；influence 影響；impressin 印象；cnclusin 結(jié)論。句意：大部分的父母都認(rèn)為電腦游戲?qū)⒆佑胁缓玫挠绊?。固定搭?have an influence n 對……有影響。故B正確。
3. D 解析：句意：下周她將參加一個重要會議。參加會議 attend a meeting。
4. B 解析：句意：近來，中央電視臺做了一個節(jié)目——對過去20年重大的事件進行評論。affair個人的事情；event重大事件；incident小事；matter麻煩事。
5. B 解析：句意：老師命令他們明天早晨要早到。instructin指示；說明，常用作復(fù)數(shù)，符合題意。descriptin描述；intrductin介紹；cnstructin建造，建筑物。
6. A 解析：句意：當(dāng)她看到蛇時，嚇得立即大聲叫起來。frightened驚恐的；disappinted失望的；energetic精力旺盛的；anxius擔(dān)心的。
7. B 解析：句意：當(dāng)他在機場等待湯姆的時候，突然有了一種可怕的想法，如果從馬來西亞的飛機被劫持怎么辦？strike sb.“某人突然想起…”，如果用ccur，應(yīng)該是ccur t sb. A項attack襲擊，beat擊敗，所以選B。
8. A 解析：句意：我每小時的律師費是130美元。fee指給醫(yī)生，律師等的費用；cst成本；fare汽車，出租車等的費用；mney錢。
9. D 解析：advise 勸說； suggest 建議，后不能接不定式作賓補；agree 同意；persuade 說服。句意：那位醫(yī)生設(shè)法說服他戒煙，但是他不聽。根據(jù)句意選D。
10. B 解析：句意：你們的籃球?qū)ψ蛱齑驍×宋覀冴?，但今天下午我們贏了比賽。beat打敗，賓語是人或團隊；win贏，賓語是比賽、獎牌等。
二、閱讀七選五
本文是篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了幾種老板可能解雇你的原因。
11. D 根據(jù)下文中的幾個小標(biāo)題可知，此空應(yīng)該是總結(jié)概括可能被老板解雇的原因。因此D項“讓我們看看有哪些事情可能導(dǎo)致你總是被解雇”符合語境。
12. B 從本段中的pr，careless，mistakes等關(guān)鍵詞可以看出，本段主要講你的工作做得不好，故選B。
13. A 根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題可知，本段主要講無法準(zhǔn)時完成任務(wù)。A項“你認(rèn)為在最后期限前完成任務(wù)困難嗎”與小標(biāo)題相呼應(yīng)，故選A。
14. E 根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題可知，本段主要講同事之間的相處，故E項“當(dāng)你和同事不能和諧相處的話，工作場所就會變糟”符合語境。另外，E項的句型也和該空后一句的句型相似。
15. F 根據(jù)空后的“yu dn’t even have t like them all”可知，F(xiàn)項“你不必喜歡和你一起工作的每一個人”符合語境。
三、閱讀理解
16. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段During the rsy years f elementary schl, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status（在美好的小學(xué)時光里，我喜歡分享我的娃娃和笑話，這讓我保持了高高的社會地位。）由此推斷出，作者在小學(xué)早期時，是一個慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的;lnely寂寞的;generus慷慨的;cl冷靜的，故選C。
17. A 主旨大意題。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. （臨床心理學(xué)教授Mitch Prinstein將受歡迎的人分為兩類:討人喜歡的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主題句，本段內(nèi)容分別對the likable 和the status seekers 做了解釋，所以本段主要介紹了兩種受歡迎的分類，故選A。
18. B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，可愛可以促使健全的調(diào)整），由此推斷出，心理學(xué)教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，最有人望的孩子適應(yīng)性更強，故選B。
19. A 主旨大意題。通過閱讀全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段，可知這篇文章主要講了受歡迎，討人喜歡對人生活的各個方面有深遠(yuǎn)的有益影響。與選項A“對別人好——最終，你的收獲無窮無盡”一致，故選A。
?？贾攸c詞語辨析（下）

1. cure/treat/heal
cure：治愈疾病，后常接介詞f。
The new medicine cured (him f) his heart truble. 這種新藥治愈了他的心臟病。
treat：治療。強調(diào)用藥物或醫(yī)療手段進行醫(yī)治的過程，并不表示治療的結(jié)果。后常接介詞fr。另外還有“對待”的意思，后常接as。
It was difficult t treat patients (fr their diseases) because f a shrtage f medicine. 由于缺少藥物，所以很難給病人治療。
He treats the rphan as his wn sn. 他把那個孤兒當(dāng)作自己的親生兒子看待。
heal：治愈外傷。
It tk three mnths fr my arm t heal prperly.
2. die f/die frm
die f：死于。常指由于疾病、饑餓、情感等原因而死亡。
Many f them died f hunger during the vyage.
The ld wman died f grief sn after her husband’s death.
die frm：死于。常指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡，及因某種具體疾病造成的死亡。
In big cities during cld winter mnths, many ld peple die frm the plluted air.
It is said that he died frm/f heart attack.
3. discver/invent/create
discver：發(fā)現(xiàn)(它的對象原來就存在)
invent：發(fā)明(被發(fā)明的東西原來不存在)
create：創(chuàng)造
It is well knwn that Madame Curie discvered the element radium.
As is knwn t all, Thmas Edisn invented the electric lamp.
As we knw, Shakespeare created quite a number f wnderful characters in his plays.
4. disturb/interrupt/truble
disturb：打擾，擾亂使無法正常進行。
The lud nise disturbed his thught.
interrupt：打擾；打斷，中斷。
Srry t interrupt yu, but I have an urgent message.
truble：使麻煩，指心情上苦惱或行動上帶來不便。
Never truble truble until truble trubles yu. 別自尋麻煩。
5. dress/put n/wear/have n/be in
dress：穿衣，穿著?？捎米骷拔飫釉~，“人”當(dāng)賓語；可用作不及物動詞；可用be dressed表示穿著狀況。
The baby isn’t ld enugh t dress itself. 這孩子還小，無法自己穿衣服。
He rse, dressed quickly and hurried t schl.
She is well dressed tday.
The girl was dressed in pink last night. 昨晚這女孩穿著一身粉紅色的衣服。
The girl dressed herself in pink last night.
put n：穿上(衣服)，上演。表示動作。
Better put n yur cat; it’s cld utside.
A new play will be put n at the Grand Theatre.
wear：穿著，佩戴。表示狀態(tài)，包括穿著衣物、佩戴首飾以及留頭發(fā)、胡須等。
Can yu recgnize the wman wearing sunglasses ver there?
你能認(rèn)出那邊那個戴太陽鏡的婦女嗎？
I dn’t understand why he wears lng hair nw.
have n：穿。表示狀態(tài)，穿著衣物，不用于進行時態(tài)；也意為“有事；有約會”。
The flish emperr had nthing n that day.
Srry, I can’t help yu this weekend. I’ve t much n already.
對不起，這周末我不能幫你，我有很多事。
be in：穿。表示狀態(tài)，其后常接表示顏色或服裝、眼鏡的詞作賓語。
The by in white is ne f my classmates.
He is in unifrm tday. 他今天穿著制服
6. emply/hire/rent
emply：雇用。較正式用語，指較長期雇用，賓語一般是人。
Karl was emplyed by a car rental agency. 卡爾受雇于一家汽車出租公司。
hire：雇用，租用。較普通用語，指短期雇用、租用。
The stre-keeper hired 10 girls fr the Christmas rush.
為應(yīng)對圣誕節(jié)前的購物熱，店主雇用了十個女孩來幫忙。
During the hliday they hired a bat and went fishing.
rent：出租。指長時間租用、出租房屋、場地等。
She has rented the huse t a yung cuple. 她已把這房子出租給一對年輕夫婦。
7. fall/drp
fall：下落，下降；重傷死亡或倒下用作不及物動詞。
drp：滴落，掉下；疲勞倒下用作不及物動詞或及物動詞。
He suddenly fell/drpped t the grund.
The price f il has fallen/drpped by $ 2 each barrel. 油價每桶下降了兩美元。 Hundreds f sldiers fell in this battle. 數(shù)以百計的士兵在這次戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲。
He drpped in the chair the mment he gt hme. 他一到家就累倒在椅子上。
8. feed n/feed with
feed n：靠……為生。相當(dāng)于live n。
Sheep feed mainly n grass. 綿羊主要吃草。
feed with：喂養(yǎng)。指喂養(yǎng)的具體動作。
He is nw feeding his sheep with grass. 他在用草喂羊。
9. fight against (with)/fight fr
fight against：與……戰(zhàn)斗, 反對……的戰(zhàn)爭，可與fight with互用；
但fight with還可表示“和……并肩作戰(zhàn)”。
fight fr：為爭取……而戰(zhàn)斗。
They are making great effrts t fight against/with pllutin.
In Wrld War II, the British fught with the French and the Americans against the Germans. 在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，英國人同法國人、美國人一起與德國人交戰(zhàn)。
The slaves were fighting fr freedm.
He said he wuld fight fr his mtherland.
10. find/find ut/lk fr
find：發(fā)現(xiàn)無意識地；找到有意識地，是lk fr的結(jié)果。
When I gt there, I fund my pcket picked. 當(dāng)我到那里時，發(fā)現(xiàn)口袋被扒了。 Scientists have fund new ways t clean waste. 科學(xué)家已找到清理廢物的新途徑。
find ut：查明，查出。指經(jīng)過探聽、詢問、調(diào)查之后查明、弄清。
Please find ut wh brke the windw. 請查清楚是誰打破窗戶的。
lk fr：尋找。
I have been lking fr my pcket dictinary, but I haven’t fund it yet.
我一直在找我的袖珍詞典，但是還沒找到。
11. frget/leave/remain
frget：忘了帶某物
Oh n, I’ve frgtten my key t the ffice.
leave：把某物/某人忘/留在某地，后面要跟地點。
Oh n, I’ve left my key at the ffice.
Dn’t leave yur child alne at hme.
remain：某人留下來；仍然保持
The refugees were allwed t remain in that area. 允許難民留在那個地區(qū)。
The by remained silent.
12. happen/ccur/take place/cme abut
happen：發(fā)生。帶有偶然、未能預(yù)見的意思，主語為事；當(dāng)針對人時，意為“碰巧”。
This happened n a December evening.
What happened t him？
I happened t meet Tm in the street when I went shpping tday.
It happened that I met Tm in the street when I went shpping tday.
ccur：發(fā)生既表示偶然地，也表示必然地；被想到。
When did the accident ccur?
The tide ccurs this time every year. 潮水每年這個時候出現(xiàn)。
A fresh idea suddenly ccurred t me. 我突然有個新主意。
take place：發(fā)生。指事先布置或策劃好而后發(fā)生。
The May 4th Mvement tk place in 1919.
cme abut：產(chǎn)生。指自然產(chǎn)生。
Hw d the differences between British English and American English cme abut?
13. hear/listen
hear：聽見；聽說。它既可以表示偶然聽見，也可以表示有意識聽的結(jié)果；用作“聽說”的意思時，后接賓語從句。
listen：聽，傾聽。它是不及物動詞，常與t連用；側(cè)重聽的過程。
I was walking alng the street when I heard my name called. 此處是無意識聽到
I hear (that) he’ll be back in an hur. 此處是聽說
He listened but culd hear nthing. 此處是有意識聽的結(jié)果
Speak luder s that everyne can hear yu clearly.
Speak luder t make yurself heard. 講大聲點，以便能使你的聲音讓別人聽到。
The music is well wrth listening t.
14. hear f/hear frm
hear f：聽說人或事。其后常接名詞或代詞。
I’ve never heard f such a man.
hear frm：得到某人的音信，收到某人的來信。
Have yu heard frm him recently?
I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
15. help/aid/assist
help：幫助，幫忙。是普通用語，常用在日常談話中。
May I help yu with yur luggage?
We helped him (t) mend his bicycle.
aid：幫助，援助。是比較正式的用語。
The flded areas were aided by many cuntries. 災(zāi)區(qū)得到許多國家的援助。
assist：幫助，協(xié)助。是比較正式的用語，強調(diào)起協(xié)助作用；其名詞assistant是“助手”的意思。
She assisted me in the experiments. 她協(xié)助我做實驗。
16. hurt/injure/wund/harm/damage/destry
hurt：傷害常用詞，包括外傷和感情傷害；疼痛此時用作不及物動詞。
I hurt myself in the leg when I fell ff the bike the ther day, and it still hurts nw. 前幾天我從自行車上摔下，傷著腿，現(xiàn)在還疼著呢。
I am afraid yur wrds have hurt him.
injure：受傷。常指意外或事故傷害。
Several peple were injured in the traffic accident.
wund：受傷。常指戰(zhàn)爭場合的傷害，如槍傷、刀傷等。
His father was wunded in the war 30 years ag.
harm：危害。
In my pint f view, the rain will harm ur crps. 依我看來，這雨對我們的莊稼有害。 Reading in dim light will harm yur eyes. 在昏暗的燈光下看書會損害眼睛。
damage：損害。常指不完全地破壞；側(cè)重人為過失；不用于指人。
The car was slightly damaged in the accident.
destry：毀壞。常指嚴(yán)重地，甚至毀滅性地摧毀；側(cè)重外界力量；可用于指人或物。也可以指希望、計劃等破滅。
Thusands f huses were destryed in the earthquake.
His hpe f being a writer was destryed.
17. jin/jin sb in/jin in
jin：參加。指加入某種團體、機構(gòu)等。
When did yu jin the Party? 你是什么時候入黨的？
jin sb in：參加。指和某人一起參與某種活動。
Will yu jin us in the party? 要不要和我們一起參加晚會？
jin in：參加。指參與某種活動。
Will yu jin in ur party? 要不要參加我們的晚會？
（答題時間：40分鐘）
一、單項選擇
1. But ften the drivers just g by, taking the traffic _________ fr granted.
A. signB. symbl
C. signalD. mark
2. The American experts went n a lng train _____ acrss China.
A. jurnalB. jurney
C. vyageD. transprt
*3. When I am abut t g ______ a plane t g ______, I ften think abut this.
A. abard; abradB. bard; brad
C. abard; bardD. abrad; brad
4. A city is the prduct f the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resemblingB. reflecting
C. reviewingD. restring
5. —Hw did the cncert ______ yu?
—It was mre than delightful. I wish I culd hear it ne mre time.
A. mveB. strike
C. influenceD. affect
*6. I have ________ my husband again and again nt t smke, but I can’t __________ him.
A. persuaded; adviseB. advised; persuade
C. suggested; persuadeD. suggested; advise
*7. The building was badly __________ in the earthquake and the electricity ples arund it were __________.
A. destryed; destryedB. damaged; brken
C. ruined; brkenD. destryed; damaged
8. Dick is ver sixty, but he lks yung fr his age. He is always full f __________.
A. energyB. pwer
C. strengthD. frce
9. The plice are trying t find ut the ________ f the wman killed in the traffic accident.
A. evidenceB. recgnitin
C. identityD. status
10. We can bserve that artificial intelligence has already made a（n） ___________n ur lives in many ways.
A. statementB. impact
C. impressinD. judgment
11. The teacher wanted us t find ut the __________ f the pem.
A. subjectB. title
C. tpicD. theme
12. China Daily gave us a vivid ________ f the successful ___________f Chang’e II.
A. accunt; launchB. explanatin; start
C. descriptin; sendD. imaginatin; bst
13. Nwadays the ___________ fr travelling is shifted frm shpping t fd and scenery. (1)分
A. prirityB. ptential
C. prprtinD. pensin
14. All f us still remember the terrible earthquake that ________ Tangshan twenty years ag.
A. attackedB. struck
C. kncked D. explded
*15. Mre wind pwer statins will ____________ t meet the demand fr clean energy. (1)分
A. take upB. clear up
C. hld upD. spring up
二、語法填空
Ladies and gentlemen, may I have yur attentin, please? My name is Laura Kane. It’s my great pleasure this mrning 16. __________ (welcme) yu, my clleagues frm all ver the wrld, t the Air Quality Cntrl Cnference. We *17. __________ (hnr) t have tw f the wrld’s best-knwn air quality experts as ur 18. __________ (speak) this mrning — Dctr Richard L. Yang f the Air Quality Research Center in Atlanta and Dctr Xi, Xi Lan, Directr f the Air Quality Research Institute, the Chinese Academy f Sciences. Dctr Yang *19. __________ (receive) American accmplishments in the past tw years and will cnsider 20. __________ is next n the American air quality plan. Dctr Xi will discuss the air pllutin 21. __________ (happen) in the cities f nrthern China. We 22. __________ (have) a cffee break at 10 am, a lunch break frm 12 t 1 pm. Please check the blackbard at the frnt desk fr any rm changes, 23. __________please remember that there is n smking in the meeting rms, the wrkshp rms r the halls. The Oak Rm n the secnd flr has been set aside 24. __________ a smking area. Please d nt smke anywhere 25. __________ in the htel.
三、閱讀理解
There is always smething that happens in the wrld that everyne fears will happen t their twn, city r cuntry: natural disasters. The mst frightening part f it is that n ne will ever see it cming. Thugh technlgy helps us prepare, but it never actually tells the peple when it’s ging t hit. It is always predicted but the result is never 100% accurate.
Hwever, that is nt the pint f this article. Tw different natural disasters in tw different parts f the wrld have happened in the past few weeks. One was a majr fld that has hit Luisiana in America. The ther was an earthquake that hit Amatrice, Italy. Hwever, there is a majr difference in the news cverage f the tw tragedies （悲?。?
As fr the flding in Luisiana, it’s reprted that this disaster is the wrst t hit America since Super-strm Sandy and it’ll cst at least $30millin. In nly the first cuple f weeks，13peple had died. Hwever, like me, many peple didn’t hear abut this tragic event. I didn’t learn abut it until abut three weeks after it happened.
In Italy, hwever, it cvered all media immediately. The earthquake in Italy happened n Tuesday mrning. That same day, I was n Twitter and that was all that was ver the news feed. Every ther pst was abut the earthquake. Sme wuld have the pinin that Amatrice was ne f the mst beautiful twns in that cuntry. I gt in deep srrw because there were mre peple killed in this quake than the flding. S far, they have a ttal f 73dead and ver ne hundred missing.
I understand that the earthquake in Italy was wrse than the flds in Luisiana. Hwever, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all shuld be equally cvered and taken equally seriusly. We are ne wrld united and shuld be there fr all f the peple wh are in need f help. We may nt be able t accurately predict disasters, but we can surely lend a hand ut fr the needy.
26. What really cncerns the authr abut the tw natural disasters?
A. The death and the injured.
B. Their ecnmic lss.
C. The gvernment’s respnsibility.
D. The media reprt.
*27. Why did the authr learn abut the fld s late?
A. He didn’t care abut the fld.
B. He felt nervus abut the news.
C. The media didn’t cver it in time.
D. The fld frightened the authr a lt.
28. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Italy isn’t gd at predicting the natural disasters.
B. All natural disasters shuld be cvered equally.
C. The wrld shuld be united int ne instantly.
D. America shuld help Italy predict natural disasters.
一、單項選擇
1. C 解析：考查名詞：A. sign 標(biāo)志，B. symb 象征，C. signal 信號，D. mark 記號。traffic signal 指“交通信號”，選C。
2. B 解析：本題考查名詞辨析。句意：美國專家坐火車長途跋涉來到中國。A項意為“日記，雜志”；B項意為“（長途陸地）旅游，旅途”；C項意為“航海，航行”；D項意為“交通，運輸”。根據(jù)n a lng train可知答案選擇B。
3. A 解析：句意：當(dāng)我要登機出國時，總會想起這（件事）。abard在（飛機、船等）上，上（飛機、船等），是副詞或介詞；abrad在國外，到國外，是副詞。g abard a plane登機，g abrad出國，故選A。
4. B 解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：城市是人類的雙手和思想的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。A. resembling像;B. reflecting反映;C. reviewing回顧;D. restring恢復(fù)，根據(jù)題意，故選B。
5. B 解析：A. 移動；感動； B.打擊；打動；C.影響；改變；D. 影響；感染；感動。句意：——音樂會是如何打動你的？——它不只是令人愉快。我希望能再聽一次。故選B。
6. B 解析：我一次又一次地勸丈夫戒煙，但我說服不了他。第一個空表示“勸而不服”，第二個空表示“勸服，說服”，故選B項。
7. B 解析：第一個空與badly連用表示不是徹底的毀壞，從in the earthquake可知是一次性的破壞行為，故第一個空只能用damaged。
8. A 解析：A. energy 精力；B. pwer能量； C. strength力氣，力量；D. frce 強制力。full f energy精力充沛。故選A。
9. C 解析：句意：警察正努力查明那個在交通事故中死亡的婦女的身份。evidence證明, 證據(jù)；ecgnitin認(rèn)出, 承認(rèn)；status地位, 職位。
10. B 解析：本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們能夠看到人工智能在許多方面已經(jīng)對我們的生活產(chǎn)生了強烈的影響。statement“陳述說明”;impact“強烈的影響，沖擊力”;impressin“印象，感想”;judgement“判斷力，判斷”。故選B。
11. D 解析：這四個詞都有“題目”之意。tpic是討論、論述或談話的主題; theme比較正式，常指文章、演說等的主題; subject是最具概括性的主題; title主要指書或篇章的題目或標(biāo)題。
12. A 解析：考查名詞。accunt解釋，還可表示“對事件、人物等的敘述、報告、描寫”；explanatin說明，解釋；descriptin描述；imaginatin想象力。launch發(fā)射；send發(fā)送，接副詞up表示發(fā)射；bst推動，宣揚；start開始。句意：《中國日報》對于嫦娥二號的成功發(fā)射給出了生動的報道。故A正確。
13. A 解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，旅行的重點從購物轉(zhuǎn)變成了品嘗美食和欣賞風(fēng)景。A. pririty優(yōu)先;優(yōu)先權(quán);B. ptential潛在的，可能的;C. prprtin比例，占比;D. pensin退休金，撫恤金。故選A。
14. B 解析：考查動詞辨析。strike意為“襲擊”。表示地震、洪水等災(zāi)害侵襲某地，也可用hit。attack攻擊；knck敲；explde爆發(fā)。
15. D 解析：考查動詞詞組。句意：為了滿足新能源的需求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會被建立起來。A. take up開始從事，占領(lǐng)，開始干（工作）;B. clear up整理，收拾，解決（問題）;C. hld up（論點、理論等） 站得住腳，阻擋，舉起;D. spring up出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)。故選D。
二、語法填空
本文是一則通知，告知大家有關(guān)講座的內(nèi)容和在聽講座時應(yīng)該注意的一些事項。
16. t welcme 考查非謂語動詞。此處it是形式主語，不定式作真正的主語。
17. are hnred 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：我們很榮幸地請到兩位世界最著名的空氣質(zhì)量專家作為今天早上的演講者。hnr與We是被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)上下文的時態(tài)，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。
18. speakers 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)上文的tw f可知這里應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。
19. has received 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)“in the past tw years”可知，這里要用現(xiàn)在完成時。
20. what 考查名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語，故用what。
21. happening 考查非謂語動詞。the air pllutin與happen是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語。
22. will have 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的時間狀語at10 am可知，這里指將來的時間，故應(yīng)用一般將來時。
23. and 考查連詞。根據(jù)前后Please... 和please... 可知，此處表示并列，故用and。
24. as/fr 考查介詞。句意：二樓的Oak房間已經(jīng)被留出來作為吸煙區(qū)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用as“作為”，也可用fr，表目的，“為了”。
25. else 考查副詞。句意：請不要在賓館的其他地方吸煙。故用else“其他”。
三、閱讀理解
26. D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Hwever, there is a majr difference in the news cverage f the tw tragedies.”知，作者關(guān)注的是對兩次災(zāi)難的媒體報道，故答案為D。
27. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Hwever, like me, many peple didn’t hear abut this tragic event. I didn’t learn abut it until abut three weeks after it happened.” 可知，是因為媒體報道晚了，所以作者以及其他人都是大約三個星期后才知道的，故答案為C。
28. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Hwever, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all shuld be equally cvered and taken equally seriusly.” 得出答案。