專題45.細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息巧比對（原卷版+解析版）

這是一份專題45.細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息巧比對（原卷版+解析版），文件包含專題45細(xì)節(jié)理解題定位信息巧比對教師版---2025屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)通用版docx、專題45細(xì)節(jié)理解題定位信息巧比對學(xué)生版---2025屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)通用版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共34頁， 歡迎下載使用。
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航
細(xì)節(jié)理解題在英語高考閱讀理解中占了較大的比重，而且此類題型相對比較簡單，只需要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，回到原文定位信息區(qū)間，稍加比對，就能得出正確答案。因此，對于這類題目要力求讀得快、找得準(zhǔn)、答得對，力爭不丟分，保住基本分才能得高分。但有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題由于命題人故意設(shè)置障礙，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有時又有轉(zhuǎn)折、否定等，因此有些題目需要仔細(xì)地思考、對比、計算、對上下文關(guān)鍵信息把握和分析。盡管細(xì)節(jié)理解題相對簡單，但不可掉以輕心。細(xì)節(jié)理解題常見的考查題型有：直接信息題、間接信息題、概括細(xì)節(jié)理解題和正誤判斷題。
一、題型特點(diǎn)要知曉
(一)細(xì)節(jié)理解題常見設(shè)問方式
1．特殊疑問句形式。以when, where, what, which, wh, hw much/many等疑問詞引出的問題。
2．判斷是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的判斷是非的問題。此時要注意題干中是否含有否定詞，如nt, never等。
3．以“Accrding t ...”開頭的提問形式。
4．填空形式。如The biggest challenge fr mst mthers is frm ________.
(二)細(xì)節(jié)理解題正確選項(xiàng)特征
(三)細(xì)節(jié)理解題干擾選項(xiàng)特征
二、方法技巧要用好
直接信息題
在解答直接信息題時，考生可以采取“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”，即“帶著問題找答案”的方法，通過定位找題眼。先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語(題眼)，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句，快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細(xì)推敲，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。解題流程圖如下：
[例1]
…
I fund the pre-hlidays a gd time t encurage yung children t dnate less-used things, and it wrked. Because f ur effrts, ur daughter Gergia did decide t dnate a large bag f tys t a little girl whse mther was unable t pay fr her hliday due t illness. She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund (基金) (ur kindergarten daughter is serius abut becming a dctr)．
…
33．What made Gergia agree t sell sme f her bjects?
A．Saving up fr her hliday.
B．Raising mney fr a pr girl.
C．Adding the mney t her fund.
D．Giving the mney t a sick mther.
[解題示范]
第一步：定信息區(qū)間
第二步：比對定答案
(2022·全國甲卷閱讀A節(jié)選)
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning Natinal Cncert Hall f Wales standing at the very heart f Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat cncert hall, St David’s Hall is hme t the annual Welsh Prms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pp, rck, flk, jazz, musicals, dance, wrld music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF10 1AH
21. Where is the Welsh Prms Cardiff hsted?
A. At the New Theatre.B. At the Glee Club.
C. At Sherman Cymru.D. At St David’s Hall.
間接信息題
間接信息題相比直接信息題，命題的隱蔽性更強(qiáng)，正確選項(xiàng)一般都會在原文基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改造。此類題目需要考生將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，有時還需要進(jìn)一步的加工或整理。
[例2]
…
Of the cmmn berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, althugh, because f their seeds, raspberries cntain a little mre prtein (蛋白質(zhì)), irn and zinc (nt that fruits have much prtein). Blueberries are particularly high in antixidants (抗氧化物質(zhì)). The yellw and range stne fruits such as peaches are high in the cartenids we turn int vitamin A and which are antixidants. As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
…
24．What des the authr seem t like abut cherries?
A．They cntain prtein.
B．They are high in vitamin A.
C．They have a pleasant taste.
D．They are rich in antixidants.
[解題示范]
第一步：定信息區(qū)間
第二步：比對定答案
(2022·全國甲卷閱讀A節(jié)選)
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier cmedy club where having a great time is the rder fr bth audiences and cmedy stars alike. It is hard t name a cmedy star wh hasn’t been n the stage here. If yu are lking fr the best cmedies n tur and brilliant live music, yu shuld start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF10 5BZ
22. What can peple d at the Glee Club?
A. Watch musicals.B. Enjy cmedies.
C. See family shws.D. D creative things.
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the hme f quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shws fr mre than 100 years. Presenting the best f the West End alng with the pick f the UK’s turing shws, the New Theatre is Cardiff’s ldest surviving traditinal theatre. Be sure t pay a visit as part f yur stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3LN
23. Which website can yu visit t learn abut Cardiff’s ldest surviving theatre?
A. B.
C. D.
概括細(xì)節(jié)理解題
概括、歸納信息是指命題人用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，這是命題人設(shè)計細(xì)節(jié)理解題的正確選項(xiàng)時經(jīng)常使用的手段之一?？忌紫葢?yīng)依據(jù)題干指向，找到文中相應(yīng)的信息區(qū)間，然后嘗試用自己的語言去歸納總結(jié)文中的信息或事實(shí)，然后再看選項(xiàng)，挑選出和自己所歸納總結(jié)的信息最接近的選項(xiàng)作為正確答案。
[例3]
…
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
…
30．Hw many languages are spken by less than 6,000 peple at present?
A．Abut 6,800. B．Abut 3,400.
C．Abut 2,400. D．Abut 1,200.
[解題示范]
第一步：定信息區(qū)間
第二步：比對定答案
(2022·全國甲卷閱讀B節(jié)選)
Gffin’s cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shape-recgnitin abilities t a human tw-year-ld. Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild, the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cckats were presented with a bx with a nut inside it. The clear frnt f the bx had a “keyhle” in a gemetric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuld let ut the nut.
24. Hw did the cckats get the nut frm the bx in the experiment?
A. By fllwing instructins.B. By using a tl.
C. By turning the bx arund.D. By remving the lid.
正誤判斷題
正誤判斷題是細(xì)節(jié)理解題中解題比較繁瑣的題目，說其繁瑣，因?yàn)槠湫畔⒉幌衿渌愵}目那樣集中在文章的某一句或某一段，而是分散在文章的各個角落。對于這類題目，考生要靜下心來，看清范圍，確定方向，找到每一個選項(xiàng)的對應(yīng)信息后，謹(jǐn)慎排除，綜合選優(yōu)。
[例4]
Fd festivals arund the wrld
Stiltn Cheese Rlling
May Day is a traditinal day fr celebratins, but the 2,000 English villagers f Stiltn must be the nly peple in the wrld wh include cheese rlling in their annual plans. Teams f fur, dressed in a variety f strange and funny clthes, rll a cmplete cheese alng a 50-metre curse. On the way, they must nt kick r thrw their cheese, r g int their cmpetitrs' lane (賽道)．Cmpetitin is fierce and the chief prize is a cmplete Stiltn cheese weighing abut fur kils (disappintingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wden nes). All the cmpetitrs are served with beer r prt wine, the traditinal accmpaniment fr Stiltn cheese.
Fiery Fds Festival — The Httest Festival n Earth
Every year mre than 10,000 peple head fr the city f Albuquerque, New Mexic. They cme frm as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a cmmn addictin — fd that is nt just spicy (辛辣), but ht enugh t make yur muth burn, yur head spin and yur eyes water. Their destinatin is the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival which is held ver a perid f three days every March. Yu might like t try a chclate-cvered habaner pepper — fficially the httest pepper in the wrld — r any ne f the thusands f prducts that are n shw. But ne thing's fr sure — if yu dn't like the feeling f a burning tngue, this festival isn't fr yu!
La Tmatina — The Wrld's Biggest Fd Fight
On the last Wednesday f every August, the Spanish twn f Bu?l hsts La Tmatina — the wrld's largest fd fight. A week-lng celebratin leads up t an exciting tmat battle as the highlight f the week's events. The early mrning sees the arrival f large trucks with tmates — fficial fight-starters get things ging by casting tmates at the crwd.
…
59．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The chief prize fr the Stiltn cheese rlling cmpetitin is beer r prt wine.
B．Mre than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival.
C．Thusands f spicy fds are n shw in the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival.
D．An exciting tmat battle takes place at the beginning f La Tmatina.
[解題示范]
第一步：定信息區(qū)間
第二步：逐一比對定答案
[答案] C
命題方式練
請選擇以下設(shè)誤方式(張冠李戴、無中生有、曲解文意、顛倒是非、正誤參半)或正確選項(xiàng)特征(原文原詞、同義替換、信息歸納、正話反說)填入下表的“診斷”一欄中。
1．(原文節(jié)選)Shrtly after the war, my brther and I were invited t spend a few days with an uncle wh had just returned frm abrad.He had rented a cttage in the cuntry, althugh he rarely spent much time there.We understd the reasn fr this after ur arrival: the cttage had n cmfrtable furniture in it, many f the windws were brken and the rf leaked, making the whle huse damp.
Why did the uncle seldm spend much time in the cuntry cttage?
2．(原文節(jié)選)In between running ne f the wrld's largest charitable agencies and acting as Micrsft's technlgy advisr, Bill Gates manages t find time t read bks, bth lng and shrt.Nw Gates — wh has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list f his favrite bks.All f the bks are standut reads, accrding t the billinaire, mst f which are fcused n business and ecnmy.
The bks mentined in the text are all abut ________.
3．(原文節(jié)選)The hut was warm and quite cmfrtable inside.There was a stve, and sme bread and beer n a shelf.On each side f the hut was a rund hle like a windw, which culd be clsed with a piece f wd.These air hles were usually kept pen when the stve was burning, because t much smke in a small, airless hut culd kill the shepherd.
The functin f the rund hles was ________.
隨堂練習(xí)
2021年高考全國甲卷
A
A Take a view, the Landscape（風(fēng)景）Phtgrapher f the Year Award, was the idea f Charlie Waite, ne f tday's mst respected landscape phtgraphers.Each year, the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.

1. Wh wuld mst prbably enter fr Take a view?
A. Writers.B. Phtgraphers.C. Painters.D. Turists.
2. What d the wrks by Shepherd and Smith have in cmmn?
A. They are winter images.
B. They are in black and white.
C. They shw muntainus scenes.
D. They fcus n snw—cvered frests.
3. Where can the text be fund?
A. In a histry bk.B. In a nvel.C. In an art magazine.D. In a bigraphy.
B
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈養(yǎng)).
Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said: “Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family. She's healthy, strng and already eager t play and explre. Her mther, Sli, is a first-time mum and she is ding a fantastic jb. It's still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt that the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day.”
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
Accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the glbal black rhin ppulatin has drpped as lw as 5500, giving the rhins a “critically endangered” status.
4. Which f the fllwing best describes the breeding prgramme?
A. Cstly.B. Cntrversial.C. Ambitius.D. Successful.
5. What des Paul Beer say abut the new-brn rhin?
A. She lves staying with her mther.B. She dislikes utdr activities.
C. She is in gd cnditinD. She is sensitive t heat.
6. What similar experience d Sli and Kisima have?
A. They had their first brn in January.B. They enjyed explring new places
C. They lived with their grandmthers.D. They were brught t the reserve yung
7. What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A. The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B. It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C. It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D. Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
2021年高考全國乙卷
A
The Biggest Stadiums in the Wrld
Peple have been puring int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece. In arund 80 A.D., the Rmans built the Clsseum, which remains the wrld’s best knwn stadium and cntinues t infrm cntemprary design. Rme’s Clsseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 peple. Hwever, that was small fry cmpared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accmmdated arund 250,000 peple.
These days, safety regulatins-nt t mentin the mdern sprts fan’s desire fr a gd view and cmfrtable seat—tend t keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lwer. Even sccer fans tend t have a seat each; gne are the days f thusands standing t watch the match.
Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtina1, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.
·Rungrad 1st f May Stadium, Pyngyang Krea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbr, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: Octber 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State Cllege, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohi Stadium, Clumbus, Ohi, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: Octber 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, Cllege Statin, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
21. Hw many peple culd the Circus Maximus hld?
A. 104,944.B. 107,601.C. Abut 150,000.D. Abut 250,000.
22. Of the fllwing stadiums, which is the ldest?
A. Michigan Stadium.B. Beaver Stadium.C. Ohi Stadium.D. Kyle Field.
23. What d the listed stadiums have in cmmn?
A. They hst big games.B. They have becme turist attractins.
C. They were built by Americans.D. They are favred by architects.
2021年全國高考新高考I卷
A
Rme can be pricey fr travelers, which is why many chse t stay in a hstel ( 旅 社 ). The hstels in Rme ffer a bed in a drm rm fr arund $25 a night, and fr that, yu’ll ften get t stay in a central lcatin (位置) with security and cmfrt.
Yellw Hstel
If I had t make just ne recmmendatin fr where t stay in Rme, it wuld be Yellw Hstel. It’s ne f the best-rated hstels in the city, and fr gd reasn. It’s affrdable, and it’s gt a fun atmsphere withut being t nisy. As an added bnus, it’s clse t the main train statin.
Hstel Alessandr Palace
If yu lve scial hstels, this is the best hstel fr yu in Rme. Hstel Alessandr Palace is fun. Staff members hld plenty f bar events fr guests like free shts, bar crawls and karake. There’s als an area n the rftp fr hanging ut with ther travelers during the summer.
Yuth Statin Hstel
If yu’re lking fr cleanliness and a mdern hstel, lk n further than Yuth Statin. It ffers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty f ther benefits, t; it desn’t charge city tax; it has bth air cnditining and a heater fr the rms; it als has free Wi-Fi in every rm.
Htel and Hstel Des Artistes
Htel and Hstel Des Artistes is lcated just a 10-minute walk frm the central city statin and it’s clse t all f the city’s main attractins. The staff is friendly and helpful, prviding yu with a map f the city when yu arrive, and ffering advice if yu require sme. Hwever, yu need t pay 2 eurs a day fr Wi-Fi.
21. What is prbably the majr cncern f travelers wh chse t stay in a hstel?
A. Cmfrt.B. Security.
C. Price.D. Lcatin.
22. Which htel best suits peple wh enjy an active scial life?
A. Yellw Hstel.B. Hstel Alessandr Palace.
C. Yuth Statin Hstel.D. Htel and Hstel Des Artistes.
23. What is the disadvantage f Htel and Hstel Des Artistes?
A. It gets nisy at night.B. Its staff is t talkative.
C. It charges fr Wi-Fi.D. It’s incnveniently lcated.
B
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A. He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
同義替換
指對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換。如把lse ne's jb換成了be ut f wrk。有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，如把imprtant變換成f imprtance；改變原文中句子的語態(tài)，如主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。
信息歸納
用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，設(shè)置為正確答案。
正話反說
把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)。
原文原詞
利用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)。
張冠李戴
是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容。
無中生有
符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容。
曲解文意
與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動。
顛倒是非
在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。
正誤參半
部分正確，部分錯誤。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：Gergia, sell, bjects
鎖信息
定位：用Gergia，sell，bjects尋讀，在文中找到信息源——She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund (基金) (ur kindergarten daughter is serius abut becming a dctr).
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
定位
A
為她的假期儲蓄。
曲解文意
B
為一個貧困女孩募捐。
曲解文意
C
把錢放入她的基金。
同義替換
D
把錢送給一個生病的媽媽。
無中生有
[分析] 選C 比對選項(xiàng)和信息句可知，女兒愿意賣幾件玩具，是因?yàn)槲覀兂兄Z把錢放入她的求學(xué)基金；選項(xiàng)和原文中均出現(xiàn)fund一詞，故為直接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：cherries
鎖信息
定位：用cherries尋讀，在文中找到信息源——As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
定位
A
它們含有蛋白質(zhì)。
張冠李戴
B
它們富含維生素A。
張冠李戴
C
它們口感好。
同義替換
D
它們含有豐富的抗氧化物質(zhì)。
張冠李戴
[分析] 選C 根據(jù)該段最后一句“As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C．”可知，原文中的they are s delicius被替換成選項(xiàng)中的They have a pleasant taste，為間接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：6,000
鎖信息
定位：用6,000尋讀，在文中找到信息源——The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
原文意思
定位
A
大約6 800種。
6 800為現(xiàn)在世界現(xiàn)存語言數(shù)量。
張冠李戴
B
大約3 400種。
世界語言總量的一半即為3 400。
信息歸納
C
大約2 400種。
2 400為非洲語言數(shù)量。
張冠李戴
D
大約1 200種。
數(shù)字1 200在原文中沒有出現(xiàn)，也無法做出有效歸納。
無中生有
[分析] 選B 根據(jù)本段第一句“At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages.”可知，目前世界上有大約6 800種語言；再根據(jù)最后一句“The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.”可知，目前世界上一半的語言的使用人數(shù)少于6 000，也就是說有大約3 400種語言的使用人數(shù)少于6 000。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)的歸納概括可知B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞
信息區(qū)間
A
The chief prize fr the Stiltn cheese rlling cmpetitin
第一段第四句
B
Mre than 10,000 Chinese
第二段第一、二句
C
Thusands f spicy fds are n shw
第二段倒數(shù)第二句
D
An exciting tmat battle takes place at the beginning
第三段第二句
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
原文意思
定位
A
Stiltn滾動奶酪比賽的主要獎品是啤酒或波爾圖葡萄酒。
獎品是a cmplete Stiltn cheese。
張冠李戴
B
一萬多名中國人參加Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival。
參加者來自世界各地。
曲解文意
C
在Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival上，成千上萬種辛辣食物被展出。
展出了成千上萬種食物。
同義替換
D
在La Tmatina節(jié)日的開始，會舉行一場激動人心的“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”。
“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”發(fā)生在節(jié)日結(jié)尾，而不是節(jié)日的開始。
曲解文意
選項(xiàng)
診斷
A
Because the rf f the cttage was falling.
曲解文意
B
Because the cttage was in bad cnditin.
信息歸納
C
Because he was used t living abrad.
曲解文意
D
Because there was n furniture in it.
顛倒是非
選項(xiàng)
診斷
A
charity in the wrld
張冠李戴
B
business and ecnmy
原文原詞
C
pverty in the wrld
無中生有
D
Bill Gates' life experiences
無中生有
選項(xiàng)
診斷
A
t let the sunshine in
無中生有_
B
t warm the hut
曲解文意
C
t keep the smke ut
曲解文意_
D
t air the hut
信息歸納
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cld winter's evening and freezing fg hung in the air. I climbed t the tp f a small rise and realised that the mist was little mre than a few feet deep, and thugh it was nly a shrt climb, I fund myself cmpletely abve it and lking at a wnderfully clear view f Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated frm my cllege days spent in the darkrm int Phtshp, t achieve the black—and—white image（圖像）.
Timthy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Frest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my hme twn f Macclesfield t take sme winter images. Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle. a lcal high pint, I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw. The small pine added t the interest and I placed it centrally t take the view frm the fregrund right thrugh int the frest.