高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一第一講細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息找答案課件

這是一份高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一第一講細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息找答案課件，共9頁。PPT課件主要包含了專題一 閱讀理解，研高考·辨考向，續(xù)上表，抓規(guī)律·找依據(jù)，答案　B，技法點(diǎn)撥，答案　A，Prices，答案　C，答案B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
第一講　細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息找答案
一、題型特點(diǎn)需了解(一)明命題，懂考查方式和考查角度[命題解讀]1．命題人員會(huì)要求學(xué)生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息或準(zhǔn)確地尋找所需的細(xì)節(jié)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題有時(shí)比較直接，理解字面意思即可答題；有時(shí)則較為間接，需要?dú)w納、概括和推理才能答題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題占閱讀理解總題量的60%左右，是最重要的得分點(diǎn)。
[考查特點(diǎn)]1．把握細(xì)節(jié)理解題常見的考查方式。(1)特殊疑問句形式：以when，where，what，which，wh，hw much/many 等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；(2)填空題形式：通常涉及與主題有關(guān)的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)；(3)就文中數(shù)字、排序等進(jìn)行提問。2．掌握細(xì)節(jié)理解題的考查角度。(1)高頻考點(diǎn)：直接信息題、間接信息題。(2)低頻考點(diǎn)：數(shù)字計(jì)算題、正誤判斷題、細(xì)節(jié)排序題。
(二)細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題捷徑采用尋讀法，解題分三步：(1)先讀題干，抓住關(guān)鍵詞。(2)帶著問題快速閱讀文章，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子。(3)仔細(xì)對(duì)比選項(xiàng)和原文信息，繼而找出答案。
(三)細(xì)節(jié)理解題的正確選項(xiàng)特征
(四)細(xì)節(jié)理解題的干擾選項(xiàng)特征
二、方法技巧要知曉題型一　直接信息題在解答直接信息題時(shí)，可以采取“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”，即“帶著問題找答案”的方法，通過定位找題眼
[典例]　(2023·全國(guó)甲卷) has been making waves in Bangkk's culinary scene since it pened in 2009.Serving hard-t-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmsphere，the restaurant is true t Thai cuisine's rts，yet still manages t add a special twist.This place is gd fr a candle-lit dinner r a wrk meeting with clleagues wh appreciate fine fd.Fr thse extremely hungry，there's a large set menu.
22．Which restaurant ffers a large set menu?A．Gaggan.　　　　　　　　B．B.lanC．Issaya Siamese Club. D．Nahm.
[解析]　本題是直接信息題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息a large set menu可查找到B.lan部分。根據(jù)B.lan部分中的最后一句“Fr thse extremely hungry，there's a large set menu.”可知，對(duì)于非常餓的顧客，B.lan會(huì)提供大份套餐。故選B。
題型二　間接信息題為了更好地考查學(xué)生的語言知識(shí)和思維品質(zhì)，命題人往往會(huì)對(duì)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息加以掩飾，這就需要學(xué)生綜合多處信息進(jìn)行理解。常見的考查方式有以下3種形式
換詞類使用同義詞或近義詞(甚至反義詞)對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換，例如用ask對(duì)文中的require進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換，用less different對(duì)文中的mre in cmmn進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換等
[典例](2021·全國(guó)乙卷)During an interview fr ne f my bks，my interviewer said smething I still think abut ften.Annyed by the level f distractin(干擾)in his pen ffice，he said，“That's why I have a membership at the cwrking space acrss the street－s I can fcus.” His cmment struck me as strange.After all，cwrking spaces als typically use an pen ffice layut(布局)．But I recently came acrss a study that shws why his apprach wrks.
32.Why des the interviewer prefer a cwrking space?A．It helps him cncentrate.B．It blcks ut backgrund nise.C．It has a pleasant atmsphere.D．It encurages face-t-face interactins.
[解析]　本題問的是為什么采訪者傾向于選擇共享辦公區(qū)域，根據(jù)題干中的cwrking space可定位至本段第二句中的“That's why I have a membership at the cwrking space acrss the street —s I can fcus”，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可知答案。本題中命題人將原文中的fcus替換成了近義詞cncentrate。
計(jì)算類此類試題要求對(duì)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息(尤其是時(shí)間、數(shù)量等數(shù)字信息)進(jìn)行加工，但此類試題重點(diǎn)不在于計(jì)算，而在于考查對(duì)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息的處理能力，因此試題涉及的計(jì)算相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單
[典例]　(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Bike Rental & Guided TursWelcme t Amsterdam，welcme t MacBike.Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical，sustainable and fun way t explre the city，with its beautiful canals，parks，squares and cuntless lights.Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBikeMacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam.With ver 2，500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins，we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu.We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety，including basic bikes with ft brake(剎車)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排擋)，bikes with child seats，and children's bikes.
Guided City TursThe 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill，the Skinny Bridge，the Rijksmuseum，Heineken Brewery and much mre.The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur，starting at 1：00 pm every day.Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
概括類為了增加細(xì)節(jié)理解題的難度，命題人有時(shí)候會(huì)采用較為概括的方式來進(jìn)行命題，即一道試題中涉及一段或者幾段的某些內(nèi)容，需要進(jìn)行概括和歸納后才能得出答案。此類試題雖然各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)信息都能在文章中找到，但需要具備一定的概括和歸納能力才能正確作答
[典例]　(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)All these stadiums are still functinal，still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.·Rungrad 1st f May Stadium，Pyngyang，：150，000.Opened：May 1，1989.
·Michigan Stadium，Ann Arbr，Michigan，：107，601. Opened：Octber 1，1927.·Beaver Stadium，State Cllege，Pennsylvania，：106，572. Opened：September 17，1960.·Ohi Stadium，Clumbus，Ohi，：104，944.Opened：Octber 7，1922.·Kyle Field，Cllege Statin，Texas，：102，512.Opened：September 24，1927.22．Of the fllwing stadiums，which is the ldest?A．Michigan Stadium.　　B．Beaver Stadium.C．Ohi Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
[解析]　本題考查細(xì)節(jié)概括能力。題干問的是哪個(gè)體育場(chǎng)最古老，應(yīng)定位至文章最后一部分對(duì)各個(gè)體育場(chǎng)的介紹。根據(jù)該部分內(nèi)容可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的體育場(chǎng)分別于1927年、1960年、1922年、1927年開放。
A(2023·潮州高三二模)Online Bk ShpThe bks listed here are reasnably cheap and als after discunt they are even cheaper.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一則廣告。文章介紹在線網(wǎng)上書店里的書。這里列出的書相當(dāng)便宜，而且折扣價(jià)后還會(huì)更便宜。1．What d we knw abut Once Upn a Time?A．It describes a nine-year-ld's real life experiences.B．It can serve as an ideal present chsen fr children.C．It has inspired many children t write shrt stries.D．It was written by the yung writer at the age f nine.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Once Upn a Time“This is an ideal return gift fr all yur child's friends n his birthday.(這是你孩子所有朋友生日時(shí)的理想回贈(zèng)禮物。)”可知，它可以作為孩子們的理想禮物。
2．Accrding t the text，which bk can help peple prepare fr cmpetitive exams?A．Once Upn a TimeB．Wrd Pwer Made EasyC．General Knwledge 2015D．Life Is What Yu Make It
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)General Knwledage 2015中“It can be used fr preparatin f cmpetitive exams.(它可以用于準(zhǔn)備競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性考試。)”可知，General Knwledge 2015可以幫助人們準(zhǔn)備競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性考試。
3．What d the fur bks have in cmmn?A．They share the same theme.B．They are f a writing style.C．They win ppularity with girls.D．They are sld at lw prices.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一句“The bks listed here are reasnably cheap and als after discunt they are even cheaper.(這里列出的書相當(dāng)便宜，而且折扣價(jià)后還會(huì)更便宜。)”可知，這四本書的共同點(diǎn)是“它們以低價(jià)出售”。
B(2023·深圳高三第二次調(diào)研)Yur Garden EscapeEven in the big city yu can find ases(綠洲)f calm and beauty.Frm a ryal palace t a classical garden，we recmmend great green spaces t escape the hustle and bustle f Lndn.Hrniman GardensHrniman Gardens cver 16 acres with breathtaking views f Lndn.Visitrs can enjy the Sund Garden，Meadw Field，and even a Prehistric Garden，which features a display f“l(fā)iving fssils”．The gardens are very ppular with families，and dgs can be let ff their leads in the Meadw Field.
Chiswick GardenAs a classical garden landscape in Lndn，it was here that the English Landscape Mvement was brn with William Kent's designs.Enjy fresh bread，seasnal fd，and natural wines in the award-winning cafe，while admiring the beauty f the naturalistic landscape，sptted with impressive art and statues.Buckingham Palace GardenThe 39-acre garden basts mre than 350 types f wildflwers，ver 200 trees and a three-acre lake.The garden als prvides a habitat fr native birds rarely seen in Lndn.A tur f the garden can be cmpleted by having a cream tea in the cafe verlking the Palace's famus grassland and lake.
Kew GardenThe Ryal Btanic Garden at Kew is ne f the wrld's mst famus gardens and a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site.Have a walk thrugh the vast garden，spt lcal wildlife at the lake，r get yur hands dirty by trying a gardening lessn.Be sure t visit the Temperate Huse，which cntains sme f the rarest and mst threatened plants.【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要向讀者介紹了倫敦一些著名的公園景點(diǎn)。4．What can visitrs d in bth Hrniman Gardens and Chiswick Garden?A．Study living fssils.　　B．Taste delicius fd.C．Enjy impressive art. D．Appreciate fine views.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Hrniman Gardens cver 16 acres with breathtaking views f Lndn.(霍尼曼花園占地16英畝，享有倫敦的壯麗景色。)”和第三段的“Enjy fresh bread，seasnal fd，and natural wines in the award- winning cafe，while admiring the beauty f the naturalistic landscape，sptted with impressive art and statues.(享受新鮮的面包，時(shí)令食品，和天然葡萄酒在屢獲殊榮的咖啡館，并欣賞自然主義的風(fēng)景之美，發(fā)現(xiàn)令人印象深刻的藝術(shù)和雕像。)”可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花園和奇斯威克花園欣賞美景。
5．Where shuld visitrs g if they want t jin in hands-n activities?A．Hrniman Gardens.B．Chiswick Garden.C．Buckingham Palace Garden.D．Kew Garden.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Have a walk thrugh the vast garden，spt lcal wildlife at the lake，r get yur hands dirty by trying a gardening lessn.(在廣闊的花園中漫步，在湖邊觀賞當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧鷦?dòng)物，或者嘗試上一節(jié)園藝課，讓自己的雙手臟起來。)”可知，如果游客想?yún)⒓訉?shí)踐活動(dòng)，他們應(yīng)該去Kew Garden。