2025版高考英語全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題提升專題四并列句三大從句和特殊句式第七講定語從句和名詞性從句課件（外研版）

這是一份2025版高考英語全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題提升專題四并列句三大從句和特殊句式第七講定語從句和名詞性從句課件（外研版），共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了to　，Added　，defended　，while　，entirely　，where　，told　，following　，in　，jointly　等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
一　定語從句● 高考感悟/練真題·悟技法·鎖定目標(biāo) ●單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]I we my success t my scial teacher ________ gives me a lt f encuragement in my life n the rad t writing.
答案與解析：that/wh　考查定語從句。先行詞my scial teacher 在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，指人，用關(guān)系代詞that/wh引導(dǎo)定語從句。
2．[2023·全國甲卷]Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, ________ Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
答案與解析：as　考查定語從句。句意：然而，正如雷切爾·卡森在《明日寓言》中所說，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價(jià)值。引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，且有“正如”之意，用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)。
3．[2023·全國乙卷]The clr she chse came in a bx which had a picture f a wman ________ hair clr lked just perfect.
答案與解析：whse　考查定語從句。先行詞是wman，關(guān)系詞在從句中作hair clr的定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。
4．[2023·北京卷]Nina recently finished her year-lng series f runs in Chicag, ________ thusands were attending a water cnference.
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥結(jié)束了長達(dá)一年的系列跑步活動(dòng)，數(shù)千人在那里參加了一個(gè)水資源會(huì)議。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞Chicag，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。
5．[2022·全國乙卷]They ften run at high speeds, ________ may put ur lives in danger.
答案與解析：which　考查定語從句。句意：它們經(jīng)常高速奔跑，這可能會(huì)危及我們的生命。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的一句話，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。
6．[2022·浙江1月卷]Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics ________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
答案與解析：wh/that　考查定語從句。句意：亞特蘭大佐治亞科技研究院的Kim Cbb教授是一小群數(shù)量不斷增加的不占主流的學(xué)者中的一員，因?yàn)闅夂蜃兓?，他們正在削減他們的飛機(jī)旅行。名詞academics后為定語從句，從句中缺主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞wh/that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并作句子主語。
7．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
答案與解析：that　考查定語從句。設(shè)空處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞為species，指物且先行詞前為all所修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。
8．[2021·浙江卷1月]BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
答案與解析：that/which　考查定語從句。句意：BMI是一種國際公認(rèn)的測量工具，它可以顯示一個(gè)人的體重是否健康。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，tl是先行詞，所填詞在從句中作主語。故填that/which。
9．[2020·北京卷]Sme university students carried ut a campaign ________ they spent their whle day withut cell phnes.
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為campaign，空格處所填詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。
10．[2020·江蘇卷]Many lessns are nw available nline, frm ________ students can chse fr free.
答案與解析：which　考查定語從句。句意：現(xiàn)在許多課程都可以在網(wǎng)上找到，學(xué)生們可以從中選擇免費(fèi)課程。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞frm和空格處所填詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Many lessns，且介詞frm提前。故填which。
● 考點(diǎn)研析/破重點(diǎn)·析疑難·精準(zhǔn)清障 ●考點(diǎn)一 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法
①Dr. Rwan, whse secretary resigned tw weeks ag, has had t d all his wn typing.羅文博士的秘書兩周前辭職了，他現(xiàn)在只能自己打字。②I brrw the bk Sherlck Hlmes frm the library last week, which my classmates recmmended t me.上個(gè)星期我從圖書館借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書，這是我的同學(xué)推薦給我的。③Sme peple wh are successful language learners ften fail in ther fields.有些成功的語言學(xué)習(xí)者，在其他領(lǐng)域常常會(huì)失敗。
2．只用that不用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況(1)先行詞為不定代詞anything, nthing, smething, everything, all, sme, nne, little, few, the ne等時(shí)。I refuse t accept the blame fr smething that was smene else's fault.我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。(2)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞，或先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.他們在桂林參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。
(3)先行詞被the nly, the very, the last, the same 等修飾時(shí)。The nly part f the meal that I really liked was the dessert.這頓飯只有甜點(diǎn)是我真正愛吃的。(4)先行詞中既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。They will never frget the things and persns that they've seen r heard f during their lng jurney.他們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在他們的長途旅行中見到或聽說過的人和事。
3．a(chǎn)s和which的區(qū)別關(guān)系代詞as和which都可以用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代主句或主句中的名詞或短語，一般情況下二者可互換使用，但有下列區(qū)別：(1)which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能位于主句之后，as引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。①As anybdy can see, a cmputer can d almst everything peple can.＝A cmputer can d almst everything peple can, as anybdy can see.任何人都明白，計(jì)算機(jī)幾乎能做人所能做的一切事。②Therefre, this time I will intrduce Tang Petry t yu, which is f great help in learning Chinese.因此，這次我將向你介紹唐詩，這將非常有助于你學(xué)習(xí)漢語。
(2)as常用的這種類似插入語的句式有：as the saying ges, as is said abve, as is mentined abve, as ften happens, as is ften the case, as is reprted in the newspaper等。She passed the exam, as was expected.她通過了考試，這是預(yù)料之中的事。
【名師指津】　(1)whm、which、that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略；但介詞提前時(shí)不能省略，也不能用that；(2)as用在限制性定語從句中時(shí)，常用于下列句式：such＋名詞＋as(像……一樣的，像……之類的)；the same＋名詞＋as(和……同樣的)。Such machines as are used in ur wrkshp are made in China.像在我們車間使用的這類機(jī)器是中國制造的。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·全國甲卷]She even played sme recrdings f their singing, ________ was fun.
答案與解析：which　考查定語從句。句意：她甚至播放了一些他們唱歌的錄音，這很有趣。此處非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞singing，指物，所填關(guān)系代詞which且在定語從句中作主語。
2．[2023·全國乙卷]But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place ________ welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
答案與解析：which/that　考查定語從句。先行詞為“a place”，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。
3．[2022·全國甲卷]On the 1，100-Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, ________ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvinces.
答案與解析：wh　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為Ca Shengkang，指人，所填詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)。
4．[2024·廣西柳州市模擬預(yù)測]China is ready t wrk with all cuntries and regins ________ are cmmitted t the peaceful use f uter space t carry ut mre internatinal cperatin and exchanges.
答案與解析：that　考查定語從句。句意：中國愿與所有致力于和平利用外空的國家和地區(qū)一道，開展更多的國際合作與交流。空格后是一個(gè)定語從句，而從句沒有主語，所以空格處應(yīng)該填關(guān)系代詞，且先行詞前有all修飾，所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that。
5．[2024·陜西咸陽模擬預(yù)測]The excessive use f high technlgy can als make ur life passive, ________ will make the majrity f us becme lazier, and we are unwilling t explre minds any lnger.
答案與解析：which　考查非限制性定語從句。句意：過度使用高科技也會(huì)使我們的生活變得被動(dòng)，這將使我們大多數(shù)人變得懶惰，并且不愿意動(dòng)腦筋。分析句子可知，逗號(hào)后面是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞代替前面句子的內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語。
6．________ is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid t a half-hur Stry Time allws the parent t enjy quiet reading.
答案與解析：As　as置于句首引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，意為“正如”，在句中作主語。
考點(diǎn)二 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
①We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.我們將把在公園的野餐推遲到下周，屆時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好。②Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities where they can gain experience fr grwth.學(xué)生們應(yīng)該參加社團(tuán)活動(dòng)，在這些活動(dòng)中他們可以獲得成長的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！久麕熤附颉俊‘?dāng)先行詞為situatin、case、stage、pint等，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，也要用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。?
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·全國甲卷]There was nce a twn in the heart f America, ________ all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings.
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。句意：從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境和平相處。句中先行詞為twn，所填詞在非限定性定語從句作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。
2．[2024·福建泉州模擬]Hwever, a recently launched WeChat miniprgram is allwing every histry enthusiast t be a her in a virtual wrld, ________ ne nt just climbs the Great Wall, but als prtects it.
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。句意：然而，最近推出的微信小程序可以讓每一個(gè)歷史愛好者在虛擬世界中成為英雄，在那里，你不僅可以爬上長城，還可以保護(hù)它。在非限制性定語從句中不缺少主語、賓語或表語，且先行詞為a virtual wrld，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。
3．[2024·江西贛州模擬]The scenic area has an area f 1，320 square kilmeters including 30，000 hectares f primitive frest ________ exist many state-prtected animals and plants such as the giant panda, glden mnkey and mn-leaf grass.
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句?？仗幖爸蟮膬?nèi)容為定語從句，exist“存在”為不及物動(dòng)詞，先行詞為primitive frest，所填詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。
4．Mr. Smith wned this il painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it t his grandsn.
答案與解析：when　考查定語從句。句意：史密斯先生保管這幅油畫直到20世紀(jì)90年代初，那時(shí)他才把它給了他的孫子?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞the early 1990s, 并在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。故填when。
5．Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.?
答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。句意：他們的孩子正處于能說單個(gè)單詞而不能說完整句子的階段。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the stage，表抽象地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填where。
考點(diǎn)三 “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whm，且不能省略。Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn/n which schl educatin depends.一些專家認(rèn)為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴的基本技能。September 30 is the day by which yu must pay yur bill.在9月30日之前你必須繳付賬單。
2．“名詞/不定代詞/數(shù)詞/形容詞比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)＋f＋which/whm”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示部分與整體的關(guān)系。Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears, nne f which has been prved.科學(xué)家們提出了很多關(guān)于人類為什么哭泣時(shí)流淚的理論，這些理論尚未得到證實(shí)。Many yung peple, mst f whm were well-educated, headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.很多年輕人都去了偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)追求自己的夢想，他們中的大部分都受過良好的教育。
3．在非限制性定語從句中，whse修飾物時(shí)可以換為“the＋名詞＋f which”；修飾人時(shí)，可以換為“the＋名詞＋f whm”。The newly-built café， the walls f which (＝whse walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place fr us, especially after hard wrk.這家新建成的咖啡館，墻被刷成了淺綠色，對(duì)我們來說，真是一個(gè)安靜的地方，特別是在辛苦工作后。?
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2022·北京卷]Mre takeut and mre fd delivery equal mre waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bttles, and bags, mst f ________ are nly gd fr ne use.
答案與解析：which　考查定語從句。句意：這包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多數(shù)(東西)只用一次。此處為非限制性定語從句；先行詞為cups, bttles, and bags，在從句中作介詞f的賓語，故填which。
2．[2024·江西省上饒市高三模擬]They are increasingly reluctant t fllw the herd, sme f ________ are simply lking t take a rest smewhere quiet fr a cuple f days.
答案與解析：whm　考查定語從句。此處為定語從句，且從句中缺少主語；結(jié)合句意，表示“其中一些人”需要用關(guān)系代詞wh或whm，但空前有介詞f，故填whm。
3．[2021·天津3月卷]William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes frm ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
答案與解析：which　考查定語從句。句意：William Hastie曾提出，歷史告誡我們過去的錯(cuò)誤，我們可以從中吸取教訓(xùn)，以免重蹈覆轍。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為介詞提前的定語從句。故填which指代先行詞past mistakes。
4．Hua Mulan, the stry f ________ has been tld by generatins in China, is a fighter frm the Nrthern Wei Dynasty (386～534)．
答案與解析：whm　考查定語從句。定語從句先行詞是Hua Mulan, 指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞f 的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whm引導(dǎo)定語從句。
● 小試牛刀/夯基礎(chǔ)·提技能·高效備考 ●Ⅰ.語法填空[2024·福建省廈門第一中學(xué)高三模擬]Marrakech (馬拉喀什) is the furth largest city in Mrcc and has a rich architectural heritage. Hwever, an earthquake in September caused serius damage 1.________ sme f them in the city.The Medina district, the ld cultural center f Marrakech, was ne f them. 2.________ (add) t UNESCO's Wrld Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclsed by 900-year-ld walls built f red sandstne that nce 3.________ (defend) the city against danger. Hwever, large parts f these walls were damaged in the earthquake and lng sectins nw shw deep cracks 4.________ ther parts have cllapsed.
Apart frm ancient walls, Mrcc Wrld News reprted that the city's Kharbuch Msque (清真寺) was almst 5.________ (entire) destryed. Befre the earthquake, it was a cultural center fr the city 6.________ dancers and strytellers perfrmed. A lcal resident 7.________ (tell) The New Arab that the msque dates back t the 17th century.After visiting Marrakech 8.________ (fllw) the destructin, Eric Falt, an fficer at UNESCO, stressed that it was necessary t immediately plan fr the 9.____________ (cnstruct) f damaged cultural assets (資產(chǎn)). The earthquake's impact n Marrakech's cultural heritage 10.________ (expect) t be a lng-term challenge that will require careful restratin effrts, nted Mrcc Wrld News.
cnstructin　
is expected
Ⅱ.寫作運(yùn)用完成下面短文，注意本部分語法的運(yùn)用。1．___________________ (眾所周知), high schl life is an imprtant turning pint and 2.______________________________________________________ (高中校園是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和生活的重要場所). My classmates and I decided t d smething fr the cming graduatin. Having had a heated discussin, we agreed n making a vide t recrd 3.________________________ (我們在校經(jīng)歷)．
As is universally knwn
high schl campus is an imprtant place where students study and live
ur experiences at schl
Material cllecting tk us a whle week, 4.________________________________________________________________________ (在此期間， 我們采訪了我們的老師， 并拍攝了學(xué)校生活的各個(gè)方面). Sme cmprmises were unavidable, but the vide turned ut perfect. 5.________________________________ (播放錄像的那一天), it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time, 6.________________________________________ (這當(dāng)然給了我們很大的成就感).
during which we interviewed ur teachers and tk pictures f every aspect f schl life
That day when the vide was played
which surely gave us a great sense f achievement
二　名詞性從句● 高考感悟/練真題·悟技法·鎖定目標(biāo) ●單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]I was infrmed I wn the first prize in the writing cntest and ________ there wuld be an award presentatin in tw days.
答案與解析：答案與解析：that　考查賓語從句。空處為謂語的第二個(gè)賓語從句，且從句中不缺成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。
2．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷]They als need t be ready t give interviews in English with internatinal jurnalists. This is ________ they need an English trainer.
答案與解析：why　考查表語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)表語從句，從句中結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)該用連接副詞連接，前文提到需要培訓(xùn)師的原因，此處是表達(dá)“這就是他們需要英語培訓(xùn)師的原因”之意，應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)。
3．[2022·浙江1月卷]Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak ________ she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f the time, they agreed.
答案與解析：whether/if　考查賓語從句。句意：對(duì)于她的出席，Cbb開始詢問邀請(qǐng)她的組織者是否可以遠(yuǎn)程進(jìn)行。顯然ask后面出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)賓語從句，賓語從句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合語境。
4．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. ________ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
答案與解析：What　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語境可知，本空引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作主語，意為“……的事物”。本空位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填What。
5．[2021·北京卷]The pr wman wasn't able t give him any infrmatin abut ________ she lived.
答案與解析：where　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語境可知，本空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“……的地方”。故填where。
6．[2021·天津3月卷]What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has s many crazy ideas.
答案與解析：why　考查表語從句。句意：令Lily的朋友困惑的是，為什么她總是有如此多的瘋狂想法。根據(jù)puzzles可知，此處表示疑問。
● 考點(diǎn)研析/破重點(diǎn)·析疑難·精準(zhǔn)清障 ●考點(diǎn)一主語從句1.主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
When the delayed flight will take ff depends much n the weather.延遲的飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣。Where Prfessr Han was brn is knwn t the public.韓教授出生的地方人人皆知。What struck me mst in the mvie was the father's deep lve fr his sn.影片中最打動(dòng)我的是父親對(duì)兒子深深的愛。
【名師指津】　(1)that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)一般不省略。That they were in truth sisters was clear frm the facial similarity between them.從她們的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她們是親姐妹。(2)whether與if引導(dǎo)主語從句的區(qū)別：主語從句位于主句的謂語動(dòng)詞前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引導(dǎo)；若用it作形式主語，則if與whether可互換。Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the gvernment abut water pllutin.我們能否有干凈的飲用水在于政府將采取什么樣的有效措施處理水污染問題。It remains t be seen whether/if this idea can be put int practice.這一想法能否付諸實(shí)施還有待觀察。
2．形式主語it作形式主語的常見句型：(1)It＋be＋形容詞(necessary/likely/imprtant/certain等)＋that從句(2)It＋be＋名詞(短語)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that從句(3)It＋be＋過去分詞(said/tld/reprted等)＋that從句(4)It＋不及物動(dòng)詞(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that從句It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring abut，althugh abut tw thusand patients have taken it.盡管大約兩千名患者已經(jīng)服用了這種藥，但是它會(huì)帶來什么樣的副作用還不清楚。It desn't matter whether yu pay by cash r credit card in this stre.在這個(gè)商店里你用現(xiàn)金支付還是信用卡支付都沒有關(guān)系。
考點(diǎn)二 表語從句1.表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
The mst imprtant result fr the user is that the prduct des what is intended.對(duì)用戶來說最重要的是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。This is where we usually think it's easier t just give up.這就是我們通常認(rèn)為更容易放棄的地方?！久麕熤附颉俊f不能引導(dǎo)表語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)不能省略。
2．a(chǎn)s if/as thugh引導(dǎo)表語從句as if/as thugh意為“好像，仿佛”，引導(dǎo)的表語從句常跟在系動(dòng)詞(如seem, appear, lk, taste, sund, feel, smell等)之后。若表語從句所述的是非真實(shí)的情況，從句用虛擬語氣；若所述的是事實(shí)或是極可能發(fā)生的情況，從句用陳述語氣。The thick smg cvered the whle city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrwn ver it.厚重的煙霧覆蓋著整個(gè)城市，好像把一個(gè)厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。
3．其他?？嫉谋碚Z從句(1)This/That/It is why＋表語從句(表示結(jié)果)“這/那就是……的原因”(2)This/That/It is because＋表語從句(表示原因)“這/那是因?yàn)椤?3)The reasn why... is that＋表語從句“……的原因是……”
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．It is nt a prblem ________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter f time.
答案與解析：whether/if　句意：我們能否打贏這場戰(zhàn)斗不是問題，它只是一個(gè)時(shí)間問題。it是形式主語，whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末時(shí)，用whether/if引導(dǎo)均可。
2．Hwever, recent research frm Harvard Medical Schl has shwn that, n average, apprximately 4，400 steps a day is enugh t significantly reduce the risk f death in wmen. This was ________ it was cmpared t nly walking arund 2，700 steps daily.
答案與解析：when　表語從句中不缺少主語、賓語或表語，根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指這是與每天只走2 700步相比的時(shí)候，平均每天大約4 400步足以顯著降低女性的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)表語從句。
3．________fascinates westerners is the Chinese bamb culture and its lng histry.
答案與解析：What　考查主語從句。空格處缺少主語從句引導(dǎo)詞，主語從句缺少主語，表示“物”，應(yīng)使用連接代詞what，位于句首首字母大寫，故填What。
4．It is estimated ________ cral reefs cntribute billins f dllars t the wrld ecnmy annually, prviding fd，prtectin f shrelines, and jbs.?
答案與解析：that　考查主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it在句中作形式主語，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整。故填that。
考點(diǎn)三 賓語從句1.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
①I'm writing t tell yu that my uncle Li Ming is ging t yur city fr a cnference.我寫信是想告訴你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市開會(huì)。②We prmise whever attends the party will have a chance t have a pht taken with the mvie star.我們保證，任何參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)的人都有機(jī)會(huì)與那個(gè)電影明星合影。③I dn't knw whether we'll set ff fr Beijing r nt．我不知道我們是否出發(fā)去北京。
【名師指津】　(1)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，常被省去，但下列情況下不能省略：①動(dòng)詞后跟有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)that可省略，其余的不可省略；②賓語從句前有插入語時(shí)；③that引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時(shí)。(2)一般情況下介詞后只能用wh-類連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句。介詞后的賓語從句，連接詞表示“是否”時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。
2．形式賓語賓語一般放在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后，但是，在下列情況下，須用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語(常為不定式/從句)后置。(1)動(dòng)詞find/feel/think/cnsider/make＋it＋賓補(bǔ)(形容詞或名詞)＋不定式/從句(2)動(dòng)詞hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjy＋it＋從句(3)短語動(dòng)詞see t/depend n/rely n＋it＋從句(4)固定搭配take it fr granted that/we it t sb. that＋從句Mst f us yung men take it fr granted that parents d everything fr us.我們大部分年輕人認(rèn)為父母為我們做的一切是理所當(dāng)然的。I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.當(dāng)你不在的時(shí)候，我負(fù)責(zé)把他照顧好。
3．賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般情況下，賓語從句須與主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，即主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)具體情況選用合適的時(shí)態(tài)；主句為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用相應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)從句的內(nèi)容為真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2022·北京卷]It's easy t explain hw we determine ________ smells are dangerus r nt: we learn.
答案與解析：whether　考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：解釋我們怎樣確定氣味是不是危險(xiǎn)的是容易的：我們學(xué)習(xí)到的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格前的determine為及物動(dòng)詞，所以空格處的詞用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句。再結(jié)合句意及空格后句子中的r nt可知，此處考查 nt的搭配。
2．The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true ________ Prfessr Jseph had said.
答案與解析：what　考查賓語從句。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生完成了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，使約瑟夫教授所說的變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作said的賓語。故填what。
3．[2024·山東臨沂模擬]Tgether, it prduces sme f the sweetest sunds that pair surprisingly well with ________ was riginally a rck sng.
答案與解析：what　考查賓語從句。此處為介詞with后接連接代詞what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，what在從句中作主語，意為“一些事情”。故填what。
4．But there is sme debate ver ________ it was NOLA r Mbile, Alabama that had the first Mardi Gras back in the 1700s.
答案與解析：whether　考查賓語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，根據(jù)后文“it was NOLA r Mbile”可知為whether... r...，表示“是……還是……”。
5．The father and his sn gt lst in the muntain and they had t eat ________ fd they culd find there.?
答案與解析：whatever　句意：這對(duì)父子在山里迷路了，不得不吃他們在那里能找到的任何食物。whatever fd意為“任何食物”，在從句中作動(dòng)詞find的賓語。
考點(diǎn)四 同位語從句1.同位語從句通常用that引導(dǎo)，that無詞義也不作成分，但是不能省略，從句用陳述語序。同位語從句還可用whether, when, where, why, hw等引導(dǎo)。2．接同位語從句的常見名詞：fact, news, idea, truth, hpe, evidence, infrmatin, belief, thught, dubt, prmise, wrd(消息)等。I made a prmise t myself that this year，my first year in high schl，wuld be different.我對(duì)自己做出承諾：今年——我上高中的第一年——將會(huì)與以往不同。I have n idea where the jurnalist culd have gt his infrmatin.我不知道那個(gè)記者從哪里得到的他的信息。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．While they are rare nrth f 88°， there is evidence ________ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
答案與解析：that　考查同位語從句。本句含有一個(gè)同位語從句，解釋了名詞evidence的具體內(nèi)容，空格處在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，也無意義。所以用that。
2．And yu shuld als have a belief ________ yu are sure t succeed as lng as yu keep yur directin all the time.
答案與解析：hat　考查同位語從句。belief后為同位語從句?？崭裉幵趶木渲胁怀洚?dāng)成分，也無意義。故填that。
3．The manager put frward a suggestin ________ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
答案與解析：that　考查同位語從句。suggestin后為同位語從句。空格處在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，也無意義。故填that。
4．This shuld serve as a warning ________ peple shuld be aware f their surrundings, especially when crssing rads.
答案與解析：that　考查同位語從句。warning后是同位語從句，設(shè)空處后的句子無論是結(jié)構(gòu)還是意思都是完整的，設(shè)空處所填的詞只起連接作用，沒有任何實(shí)際意義。故填that。
● 小試牛刀/夯基礎(chǔ)·提技能·高效備考 ●Ⅰ.語法填空[2024·廣東省四校聯(lián)考]China has scaled up plicy t prtect and restre the envirnment arund the Yangtze River, putting 1.________ place measures t treat industrial and agricultural pllutants and prtect grasslands and wetlands.A plicy dcument 2.________ (jint) released by 17 central gvernment departments prmises t priritize effrt and adpt a 3.________ (cmprehensin) way f cnserving the Yangtze River Basin area. The plicy dcument fllws a 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the gvernment in 2020 in respnse t 4.________ (decline) bidiversity.
cmprehensive　
Despite imprvements t the Yangtze's water quality, the rise f nn-pint surce pllutin 5.__________ (emerge) as a majr prblem in recent years. The dcument stresses the need fr a systemic apprach, 6.________ will require the establishment f lng-term mechanisms t prevent the return f plluted water bdies.The treatment f pllutin is anther pririty, as the gvernment lks t install tighter cntrls ver pllutants discharged by chemical factries and prmte 7.________ (high) efficiency in the use f fertilizers and pesticides.8．________ (restre) the diversity f aquatic life in the Yangtze, the dcument says that the cuntry will establish a mnitring system fr endangered animals and make 9.________ actin plan t save them and that mre wrk 10.________ (d) t enhance the cnnectivity f rivers.
has emerged
will be dne