2025版高考英語全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題提升專題一復(fù)雜多變的動詞第二講非謂語動詞課件（外研版）

這是一份2025版高考英語全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題提升專題一復(fù)雜多變的動詞第二講非謂語動詞課件（外研版），共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了whose　，inviting　，to boil，Mixed　，aswhen，explosion　，With　等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
● 高考感悟/練真題·悟技法·鎖定目標(biāo) ●單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left ________ (want) mre next time.
答案與解析：wanting　考查非謂語動詞。此處考查“l(fā)eave sb.＋賓語補足語”，本句是被動語態(tài)，want是主語補足語，根據(jù)句意，I與want之間是主動的邏輯關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。
2．[2023·北京卷]She called fr actin ________ (address) the struggles f peple arund the wrld facing “t little water r t dirty water”．
答案與解析：t address　考查非謂語動詞。句意：她呼吁采取行動，解決世界各地的人們面臨“水太少或水太臟”的難題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知address在句中作目的狀語，故用不定式。
3．[2023·全國甲卷]“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings，” her fable begins, ________ (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
答案與解析：brrwing　考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞，所以用非謂語動詞形式。邏輯主語her fable與brrw之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。
4．[2023·全國乙卷]Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng t ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3，000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ________ (build) system f ring rads.
答案與解析：built　考查非謂語動詞。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)定語，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修飾詞“system f ring rads”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。
5．[2022·全國乙卷]It can help t build a cmmunity with a ________ (share) future fr mankind.
答案與解析：shared　考查非謂語動詞。此處為非謂語動詞做定語來修飾名詞future。非謂語動詞share和名詞future之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。
6．[2022·全國甲卷]A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路線) by ft.
答案與解析：t jurney　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，jurney為動詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語。
7．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]________ (cver) an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
答案與解析：Cvering　考查非謂語動詞。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，cver和句子的邏輯主語the GPNP為邏輯的主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。
8．[2021·浙江卷1月]In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
答案與解析：studied　考查非謂語動詞。句子的謂語是had，所以study用非謂語形式作后置定語，它的邏輯主語是cuntries，表被動關(guān)系。
9．[2021·天津3月卷]China's Natinal Highway 318, ________ (extend) ver 5, 000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu, Tibet, is knwn as the “heavenly rad” fr its amazing views.
答案與解析：extending　考查非謂語動詞。本句已有謂語動詞，故空處為非謂語動詞，與句子的主語China's Natinal Highway 318是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。
● 考點研析/破重點·析疑難·精準(zhǔn)清障 ●考點一 非謂語動詞的形式及句法功能
1.主動形式、被動形式：非謂語動詞與邏輯主語(通常是句子的主語)之間往往存在主謂或動賓關(guān)系：與邏輯主語之間存在主謂關(guān)系時，用主動形式；與邏輯主語之間存在動賓關(guān)系時，用被動形式。The meeting t be held tmrrw is f great imprtance.明天舉行的會議非常重要。
2．時間先后關(guān)系根據(jù)它與謂語動詞表示的動作之間的時間先后關(guān)系定時態(tài)。(1)非謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之后或同時發(fā)生，用非謂語動詞的一般式。He heard the sng being sung next dr.他聽到隔壁有人在唱這首歌。(2)非謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，用非謂語動詞的完成式。Having finished his hmewrk, he went t bed.他完成作業(yè)之后就去睡覺了。?
考點二 非謂語動詞作狀語1.不定式作狀語(1)作目的狀語I crssed the street t avid meeting him, but he saw me and came running twards me.我穿過馬路以便避開他，但他看到我并朝我跑了過來。(2)nly t d sth.為不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。We hurried t the statin, nly t be tld that the train had left.我們急匆匆地趕到車站，結(jié)果被告知火車已經(jīng)開走了。
(3)表示情緒、情感類的形容詞或過去分詞作表語時，后面可接不定式作原因狀語。常見詞有：happy, lucky, glad，srry，anxius，prud，disappinted，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，flish，pleased，frtunate，right等。Yu will never knw hw happy I was t see her yesterday.你永遠(yuǎn)不會知道我昨天見到她有多高興。(4)在“主語＋系動詞＋表語(形容詞)＋t d”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有：easy，hard，difficult，imprtant，impssible，interesting，pleasant，nice，cmfrtable，safe，dangerus等。The chair lks rather hard, but in fact it is very cmfrtable t sit n.這把椅子看上去很硬，但實際上坐上去很舒服。
2．分詞作狀語：分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語是句子的主語，一般在句中作時間、原因、結(jié)果、方式、條件、伴隨、讓步等狀語。Translated int (＝When it was translated int) English, the sentence was fund t have an entirely different wrd rder.(作條件狀語)這個句子被譯成英語后，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)它有一個完全不同的語序。Nt knwing (＝Because he didn't knw) hw much lnger he culd last, Nichlas did the nly thing he culd—he huddled in his cave and slept.(作原因狀語)因為不知道還能維持(生存)多久，尼古拉斯做了他能做的唯一一件事——蜷縮在他的山洞里睡覺。
Used (＝If it is used) with care, ne tin will last fr six weeks.(作條件狀語)如果小心使用，一罐可以用六個星期。Mre highways have been built in China, making it much easier fr peple t travel frm ne place t anther.(作結(jié)果狀語)中國已經(jīng)修建了更多的公路，這讓人們的出行變得更容易。
3．獨立成分作狀語：有些分詞或不定式短語作狀語，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分。?？嫉挠術(shù)enerally/frankly/rughly/strictly speaking, talking f, speaking f, judging frm/by, taking everything int cnsideratin, cmpared t/with, t be frank，t tell(yu)the truth, t be hnest, t make things wrse 等。Judging frm his accent, he is frm Hng Kng.從口音判斷，他來自香港。T tell yu the truth, I am a little tired.說實話，我有點累。
4．獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：非謂語動詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子主語保持一致。但有時非謂語動詞帶有自己的邏輯主語，在句子中作狀語，我們稱之為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點：①獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在。②獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中作邏輯主語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞或不定式是邏輯上的主動或被動關(guān)系。③獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號與句子分開。(2)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的常見構(gòu)成：①名詞/代詞＋分詞；②名詞/代詞＋不定式；③with/withut＋名詞/代詞＋分詞/不定式。Weather permitting, we shall play the match tmrrw.明天如果天氣好，我們就進(jìn)行比賽。The test finished (＝When the test was finished), we began ur hliday.考試結(jié)束后，我們就開始放假了。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·全國乙卷]________ (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.
答案與解析：Having visited　考查非謂語動詞。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，和主句主語“I”之間為主動關(guān)系；根據(jù)時間狀語“ver the last 10 years”可知，用完成時態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)。
2．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) ________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
答案與解析：t teach　考查非謂語動詞。句意：幾千年來，人們通過講寓言來傳授知識或傳授智慧。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“來傳授知識和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的狀語。
3．[2022·全國乙卷]________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
答案與解析：T strengthen　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“為了加強與年輕人的聯(lián)系”，需要用不定式作目的狀語。
4．[2022·全國甲卷]He flew 4，700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, ________ (plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
答案與解析：planning　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，已有謂語動詞flew，所以動詞plan (計劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。
5．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
答案與解析：t increase　考查非謂語動詞。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，做目的狀語，應(yīng)用動詞的不定式的形式。
6．[2022·浙江6月卷]Blind peple recgnize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar t that f ________ (sight) peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
答案與解析：sighted　考查非謂語。句意：哈佛大學(xué)的科學(xué)家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)說，盲人用他們現(xiàn)有的感官識別形狀，在某種程度上與正常人相似。sighted作定語修飾名詞peple，表示“能看見的、不盲的”。
7．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
答案與解析：t see　考查非謂語動詞。句中的climb up為謂語動詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該使用不定式作目的狀語。
8．Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ________ (change) lives.
答案與解析：t change　考查非謂語動詞。簡單句中已有動詞gave，故提示詞部分需用非謂語動詞。分析句意，此處需用不定式作定語，是后置定語。
9．________ (cmpare) with the western medicine's high fees，TCM has a reasnable price that rdinary peple can affrd.
答案與解析：Cmpared　考查非謂語動詞。句意：與西藥的高額費用相比，傳統(tǒng)中藥的價格合理，普通人能夠承擔(dān)得起。cmpared with...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，意為“與……相比”。
10．________ (lcate) in a beautiful and quiet neighbrhd，the huse is big enugh t enable yu t have a rm f yur wn.
答案與解析：Lcated　考查非謂語動詞。be lcated in...意為“坐落于……”，為固定短語，在句中作狀語，故填Lcated。
考點三 非謂語動詞作定語
①We are invited t a party t be held in ur club next Friday.我們被邀請參加下星期五在我們俱樂部舉辦的晚會。②He is always the first t arrive at schl and the last t leave schl.他總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。③The park was full f peple, enjying (wh enjyed) themselves in the sunshine.公園里人山人海，人們在陽光下玩得很快樂。④Tsinghua University, funded (which was funded) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.清華大學(xué)建立于1911年，是許多杰出人物的搖籃。
【名師指津】　(1)準(zhǔn)確判定非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系還是被動關(guān)系；(2)準(zhǔn)確判定非謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生的時間，即是正在進(jìn)行或已經(jīng)完成還是將要發(fā)生。 The prblem discussed at the last meeting was f great imprtance.The matter being discussed nw is f great imprtance.The prblem t be discussed at the next meeting is f great imprtance.?
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]Shanghai may be the ________ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng Ba's birthplace.
答案與解析：recgnized　考查非謂語動詞。句意：上?？赡苁枪J(rèn)的小籠包之鄉(xiāng)，但美食歷史學(xué)家會告訴你，鄰近的運河小鎮(zhèn)南翔才是小籠包的發(fā)源地。空格在名詞hme前面作定語，recgnize與hme是邏輯上動賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞recgnized“被公認(rèn)的”。
2．[2023·全國甲卷]Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message ________ (intend) fr everyne.
答案與解析：intended　考查非謂語動詞。be intended fr打算為……所用，在句中作定語，所以用過去分詞形式。
3．[2022·全國甲卷]Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin ________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
答案與解析：held　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語動詞decided，所以hld應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，hld與the Belt and Rad Frum之間為邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，表被動。
4．[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽臺), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the ________ (fall) child.
答案與解析：falling　考查非謂語動詞。句中的hld ut為謂語動詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語動詞。fall為動詞，意為“掉落”， child和fall之間是主動關(guān)系，同時表示正在進(jìn)行的含義。故應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。
5．[2022·北京卷]Fearful that he might have an intentin ________ (harm) her, Helen started t run.
答案與解析：t harm　考查非謂語動詞。句意：海倫擔(dān)心他可能有意傷害她，便開始快跑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞的形式，have an intentin t d sth.意為“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定語。
6．[2022·北京卷]One thery, increasingly ________ (supprt) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
答案與解析：supprted　考查非謂語動詞。句意：被專家越來越多地支持的一個理論表明氣味的偏好是習(xí)得的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處的動詞做非謂語，結(jié)合空格后的by experts可判斷出該處意為“被專家們支持”，所以空格處應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動。
7．[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ________ (ache) legs.
答案與解析：aching　考查非謂語動詞。本空在句中作定語，ache與中心詞legs是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞aching。
8．[2021·浙江1月卷]This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ________ (live) in the cuntryside, including lwer levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
答案與解析：living　考查非謂語動詞。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已有謂語動詞may be，故live用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是peple，表主動關(guān)系，做后置定語，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填living。
9．[2021·北京卷]Frm 2000 t 2019，there were 7，348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld, ________ (result) in USD 2，970 billin in ecnmic lss.
答案與解析：resulting　考查非謂語動詞。result in USD 2，970 billin in ecnmic lss在句中做結(jié)果狀語。故填resulting。
10．A piece f stne ________ (find) n a Dutch beach suggests that ur extinct human relatives, knwn as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previusly thught.
答案與解析：fund　考查非謂語動詞。句子的謂語為suggests，設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語和邏輯主語之間是邏輯的被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作后置定語。
考點四 非謂語動詞作賓語1.只接不定式作賓語的動詞：agree, plan, prmise, prepare, decide, refuse, chse, wish, hpe, expect, fail (未能), pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, hesitate, wait, happen (碰巧)等。Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking (遠(yuǎn)足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.這里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行，并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。
2．只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語：admit, avid, cnsider, escape(避開), imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, feel like, give up, put ff, bject t, lk frward t等。此外，have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth. ；have fun (in) ding sth. 等結(jié)構(gòu)中也用動名詞作賓語。I avided mentining the subject in case he shuld be ffended.我避免提及這個話題，以免冒犯他。It's quite ht tday. D yu feel like ging fr a swim？今天很熱。你想去游泳嗎？
【名師指津】　(1)動詞want, need, require作“需要”講時，其后要用v.-ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動形式作賓語。與此用法相同的動詞還有deserve(值得)和demand(需要)。(2)不定式作動詞(短語)learn, decide, knw, wnder, shw, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find ut 等的賓語時，前面常帶引導(dǎo)詞hw, what, whether, where, when, wh等。(3)介詞后一般要接v.-ing形式作賓語，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語時，若前有實義動詞d，不定式要省略t。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]T eat ne, yu have t decide whether ________ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
答案與解析：t bite　考查非謂語動詞。句意：吃小籠包的時候，你必須要決定是先咬一個小口流出湯汁，還是把整個小籠包放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。decide t d sth.“決定做某事”，用不定式作賓語。
2．[2022·浙江1月卷]That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ________ (cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding.”， she says, “a really psitive change.”
答案與解析：t cntinue　考查動詞不定式。動詞plan后面跟動詞不定式，plan t d sth.“計劃做”。
3．[2022·全國乙卷改]S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt ________ (cause) air pllutin.
答案與解析：causing　考查非謂語動詞。句意：所以他們不會制造出二氧化碳，也不會造成空氣污染。連詞and連接兩個并列的現(xiàn)在分詞。
4．[2022·全國甲卷改]I was unwilling t talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt ________ (stay) ut with my friends t late.
答案與解析：staying　考查非謂語動詞。句意：我不愿意和他交談，經(jīng)常違反他讓我不要在外面待到很晚的規(guī)定。f為介詞，后面的動詞stay用動名詞形式staying作賓語。
5．[2021·全國甲卷]After ________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
答案與解析：spending　考查非謂語動詞?？涨暗腁fter為介詞，后應(yīng)接動詞的-ing形式。spend與we(句子主語)是主動關(guān)系，故填spending。
6．Next keep in mind that frgiveness des nt necessarily mean ________ (accept) the actin f the persn wh upsets yu.
答案與解析：accepting　根據(jù)固定搭配mean ding sth.意為“意味著做某事”。
考點五 非謂語動詞作賓補1.不定式作賓補：不定式作賓補時，賓語和不定式之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，不定式表示將要發(fā)出的主動動作。常接不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：advise, allw, ask, beg, cause, encurage, expect, frbid, frce, intend, invite, rder, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call n, depend n等。If we expect peple t give up the habit f driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely n.如果我們期望人們放棄開車的習(xí)慣，我們必須給他們可以依賴的選擇。Having finished her prject, she was invited by the schl t speak t the new students.完成項目之后，她被學(xué)校邀請去給新生講話。
(1)有些動詞，如think, cnsider, believe, suppse, feel, find等后常用t be作賓補或主補。Chinese peple are cnsidered t be the mst hard-wrking peple in the wrld.中國人被認(rèn)為是世界上最勤勞的人民。(2)在sb. be said/believed/knwn/reprted/cnsidered/thught＋t d/t have dne/t be ding結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式用作主語補足語。The president was reprted t have visited China.據(jù)報道，那位總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)訪問了中國。
2．分詞作賓補(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補時，現(xiàn)在分詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且強調(diào)正在進(jìn)行的主動動作。可接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役動詞(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。Listen! D yu hear smene calling fr help?聽！你聽到有人正在呼喊救命嗎？(2)過去分詞作賓補時，過去分詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且表示被動動作?？山舆^去分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役動詞(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。He fund himself surrunded by s many strangers.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己周圍有那么多陌生人。
(3)使役動詞have, get后接非謂語動詞作補語的異同點：①have sth. dne＝get sth. dne讓別人做某事；②have sb./sth. ding讓……一直做某事；get sth./sb. ding使……開始做某事；③have sb. d sth. =make sb. d sth ＝get sb. t d sth. 讓某人做某事。Befre driving int the city, yu are required t get yur car washed．在開車進(jìn)城之前，你需要洗洗車。
(4)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：①with＋賓語＋ding表示主動，說明動作正在發(fā)生或經(jīng)常發(fā)生；②with＋賓語＋dne表示被動或完成；③with＋賓語＋t d表示將要發(fā)生的動作。The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg fllwing them．這老兩口常常在晚飯后到公園里散步，他們的寵物狗則在后面跟著。With such a shrt time left befre the deadline, it desn't seem likely that Jhn will finish the jb.截止日期之前只剩下很短的時間，約翰似乎不可能完成工作了。With a lt f wrk t d, she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.由于有許多工作要做，她不被允許離開辦公室。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them ________ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
答案與解析：t be lifted　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允許某人做某事”可知，空格需用動詞不定式作賓語補足語，補足語lift ut與賓語them(指代小籠包)是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填t be lifted。
2．They make great gifts and yu see them many times ________ (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
答案與解析：decrated　考查非謂語動詞。句意：句中them與decrate之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填decrated。
3．They start building their huts late in the summer，but d nt get them ________ (finish) befre the early frst.
答案與解析：finished　考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們從夏末開始建造小屋，直到早霜才能建完。get sth.dne為固定搭配，意為“讓某事被完成”，故填finished。
4．[2024·江西南昌市八一中學(xué)模擬]Sme yung peple knw what they want t d, but many thers just have a few ideas ________ (wander) arund in their heads.
答案與解析：wandering　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語是have，故空處用非謂語動詞，ideas和wander之間是主動關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。
5．[2024·湖北恩施市一中模擬預(yù)測]Since the railway was put int peratin in 2011, Yuxinu has launched mre than 30 rutes, with ver 40 cities acrss 26 cuntries ________ (cnnect), and the rutes have recrded ver 8，000 freight train trips.
答案與解析：cnnected　考查非謂語。此處為“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，ver 40 cities acrss 26 cuntries為with的賓語，動詞cnnect與賓語之間的關(guān)系為被動，此處需用過去分詞cnnected作賓語補足語。
考點六 非謂語動詞作主語和表語1.不定式作主語和表語(1)不定式作主語時，一般表示具體某一次的動作。若不定式太長，常用it作形式主語而將不定式后置。It is impssible fr a by t walk r bike the entire 80 kilmeters.步行或騎行這完整的80千米是不可能的。(2)不定式作表語時：①表示預(yù)定要發(fā)生的動作；②當(dāng)主語是aim, purpse, idea, plan, wish, decisin, chice等詞時，常用不定式作表語；③主語為what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句時，表語多用不定式。His wish is t be a dctr in the future.他的愿望是將來當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。What I want t d mst in senir high schl is t imprve my English.我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英語水平。
2．動名詞作主語和表語(1)動名詞作主語常表示抽象的、泛指的概念，也可用it作形式主語，把作真正主語的動名詞短語放在句末。常用于固定句型：It's a waste f time ding...; It's n use/gd ding...; It is useless ding...; There is n pint/sense ding... 等。Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking things ut.直面你的問題而不是逃避它們，是解決這些問題最好的方法。It's n use cmplaining withut taking actin.不采取行動而只是抱怨是沒用的。
(2)動名詞作表語時相當(dāng)于名詞，用于解釋主語的內(nèi)容，表語和主語常?？梢曰Q位置。My jb is cleaning the huse three times a week.＝Cleaning the huse three times a week is my jb.我的工作是每星期打掃三次房子。(3)remain作系動詞時，意為“仍然是”時，后可接現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作表語；但作不及物動詞時，意為“尚待……；留待……”時，后常接t be dne。She remained standing thugh we repeatedly asked her t sit dwn.雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣埶?，但她還是站著。It remains t be seen whether the newly-frmed cmmittee's plicy can be put int practice.新成立的委員會提出的方針能否實行還有待觀察。
即學(xué)即練單句語法填空1．[2023·全國乙卷]As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years ________ (recrd) everything I discvered.
答案與解析：recrding　考查非謂語動詞。spend time (in) ding sth.花費時間做某事。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語補足語，用動名詞形式。
2．[2021·全國甲卷]It is pssible ________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
答案與解析：t walk　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(fr sb.)t d sth.”，It是形式主語，動詞不定式短語是真正的主語。
3．[2021·全國乙卷]Minimize the impact f ________ (visit) the place.
答案與解析：visiting　考查非謂語動詞。在介詞f后應(yīng)接動名詞(ding)作賓語，故填visiting。
4．[2020·全國卷Ⅱ]They are easy __________ (care) fr and make great presents.
答案與解析：t care　考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們很容易照顧，也很適合作為禮物。這里考查“be ＋形容詞 ＋ t d”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填t care。
5．[2020·北京卷]It takes them hundreds f years ________ (break) dwn.?
答案與解析：t break　考查動詞不定式。固定句型It takes sb./sth. ＋一段時間＋ t d sth.(花某人/物多長時間干某事)，此處用動詞不定式(t d )作真正主語，It形式主語。故填t break。
● 小試牛刀/夯基礎(chǔ)·提技能·高效備考 ●Ⅰ.語法填空[2024·湖北省華中師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)模擬]The first time I entered the busy Chinese htpt restaurant, I was immediately impressed by the delicius smells and lively chatter. The waiter handed me a menu, but it was predminantly written in Chinese, 1.________ characters were cmpletely beynd my cmprehensin. With sme hesitatin, I decided t take 2.________ leap f faith and pinted at a few items n the menu that lked 3.________ (invite)．As the bubbling pt was set 4.________ (bil), I watched with fascinatin as the waiter pured a fragrant brth (肉湯) int it. 5.________ (mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercrns, and ther mysterius spices, the pt released a muthwatering arma int the air.
The mment f truth came 6.________ I tentatively dipped my chpsticks int the brth and added a slice f thinly sliced beef and a handful f vegetables. The first bite was an 7.________ (explde) f flavrs.The numbing sensatin frm the Sichuan peppercrns danced n my tngue, and I understd the reasn fr the restaurant's name, “Spicy Heaven.”I cntinued t experiment, trying varius ingredients and 8.________ (marvel) at nt nly the fd, but als the adventure, the 9.________ (delight) surprise f a wrld f flavrs in a single bubbling pt. 10.________ my limited knwledge f the Chinese language, I laughed with my newfund friends and shared stries.
marvelled/marveled
delightful　
Ⅱ.寫作運用完成下面短文，注意本部分語法的運用。Dear Smith，Hw are yu ding? I'm writing 1._________________________________________________________ (邀請你參加我們將于6月1日在學(xué)校體育場舉行的英語晚會), which is a gd chance 2._______________________ (展現(xiàn)你的英語才能) and mtivate students' interest in English learning. During the party yu will have a feast f varieties f 3.________________________________ (我們自己準(zhǔn)備的英語活動), including 4._________________ (背英語詩歌)and singing famus English sngs, which I think will surely give yu a big surprise.
t invite yu t ur English party t be held n June 1st at the schl stadium
t display yur English talent
English activities well prepared by urselves
reciting English pems