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高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 5 Working the Land學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì)
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這是一份高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 5 Working the Land學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì),共9頁(yè)。
Section Ⅲ Using Language每/日/金/句:Yuan Longping is an agricultural scientist who keeps as many as one billion people free from hunger.袁隆平是一位農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家,他使多達(dá)十億人免于饑餓。課前預(yù)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)自讀課文 疏通文脈大意Read the text on Pages 55~56 carefully and then choose the best answer.1.Why did many farmers welcome chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers involved in farming?A.They can fight crop disease and increase production.B.They harm both the land and people's health.C.They can help produce rich soil.D.They are not expensive.2.What concerns many people about the use of pesticides?A.Pesticides can damage the land.B.Chemicals can stay in the soil for a long time.C.Pesticides can kill harmful bacteria and insects.D.Chemicals may make people ill and even cause cancer.3.Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in each field every year?A.It can help put important minerals back into the ground.B.It can avoid damage to the environment.C.It can help increase output.D.The writer doesn't tell us.4.What is the author's purpose of writing the text?A.To call on farmers to turn to organic farming.B.To introduce some good ways to make the soil rich.C.To urge the government to stop using pesticides.D.To give some advice on how to increase the output of crops. 精讀課文 疏通理解障礙[讀文清障]①chemical/'kem?kl/adj.與化學(xué)有關(guān)的;化學(xué)的 n.化學(xué)制品;化學(xué)品②organic/??'ɡ?n?k/adj.有機(jī)的;不使用化肥的;有機(jī)物的③pesticide/'pest?sa?d/n.殺蟲劑;除害藥物④widespread/'wa?dspred/adj.分布廣的;普遍的;廣泛的⑤over time 隨著時(shí)間的推移⑥bacterium/b?k't??ri?m/n.(pl.-ria/-ri?/)細(xì)菌⑦not only...but (also)...不僅……而且……(連接并列成分)⑧in addition 另外,此外in addition to 除……之外(還有,也)⑨in turn 相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流⑩digest/da?'d?est/vt.&vi.消化 vt.領(lǐng)會(huì);領(lǐng)悟?DDT n.滴滴涕(舊時(shí)尤用作農(nóng)業(yè)殺蟲劑)?as for 至于,關(guān)于?too...to... 太……而不能……?nutrition/nju'tr??n/n.營(yíng)養(yǎng);滋養(yǎng)?essential/?'sen?l/adj.完全必要的;極其重要的be essential to/for 對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)必不可少?mineral/'m?n?r?l/n.礦物;礦物質(zhì)?flavour(NAmE-vor)/'fle?v?/n.味道;特點(diǎn);特色?as well 也,又,同樣?alternative/??l't??n?t?v/n.可供選擇的事物 adj.可供替代的;非傳統(tǒng)的?switch to 轉(zhuǎn)變;轉(zhuǎn)向switch off (用開關(guān))關(guān)掉;切斷(電源)?turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向;求助于;致力于?grocery/'ɡr??s?ri/n.食品雜貨店;[pl.]食品雜貨?focus on 關(guān)注;聚焦于?free of 無(wú)……的;擺脫了?means n.手段;方法?instance/'?nst?ns/n.例子;實(shí)例;事例for instance 例如;比如?wheat/wi?t/n.小麥;小麥籽?batch/b?t?/n.一批a batch of 一批?diverse adj.不同的;多種多樣的?depth/depθ/n.向下(或向里)的距離;深(度)?root/ru?t/n.根;根莖;根部;根源?entirely/?n'ta??li/adv.全部地;完整地;完全地entire adj.全部的;整個(gè)的,完全的?serve the demand 滿足要求?nowhere near 遠(yuǎn)不及;離……很遠(yuǎn)?meet the need 滿足要求?sufficient adj.足夠的;充分的 [原文呈現(xiàn)]CHEMICAL①VERSUS ORGANIC②FARMINGChemical pesticides③ and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread④ use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. 1Over time⑤, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria⑥ and insects, but also⑦ helpful ones.In addition⑧, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn⑨, the animals and humans who digest⑩ them.Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.In fact, some pesticides like DDT? have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.As for? chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to? be rich in nutrition?.They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential?minerals?, and they often have less flavour? as well?.As an alternative?, some farmers have switched to? organic farming, and many customers have turned to?organic food when they shop at the local grocery?.Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.Organic farmers focus on?keeping their soil rich and free of?disease through natural means?.For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.For instance?, they may grow corn or wheat?in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. 2Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch? of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse?crops that use different depths? of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots?. 3The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely?. 4What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand? for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near?able to meet that need?. 5Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient? food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. [課文翻譯]化學(xué)耕作和有機(jī)耕作自20世紀(jì)中期以來(lái),化學(xué)農(nóng)藥和人工化肥在農(nóng)業(yè)中得到了廣泛使用。當(dāng)它們第一次被引進(jìn)時(shí),許多農(nóng)民歡迎它們作為一種對(duì)抗作物病害和增加產(chǎn)量的好方法。1.然而,隨著時(shí)間的推移,一些科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),長(zhǎng)期使用它們有時(shí)會(huì)損害土地和人們的健康。例如,農(nóng)藥不僅可以殺死有害的細(xì)菌和昆蟲,還可以殺死有益的細(xì)菌和昆蟲,從而破壞土地。此外,這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)在土壤和地下水源中長(zhǎng)期存在。這影響到在土地上生長(zhǎng)的作物,進(jìn)而影響到消化它們的動(dòng)物和人類。許多人擔(dān)心這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)使他們生病甚至致癌。事實(shí)上,像滴滴涕這樣的殺蟲劑在大多數(shù)國(guó)家已經(jīng)被禁止了,因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)人類和環(huán)境造成了破壞。至于化肥,通常施了化肥的農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)得太快,無(wú)法提供豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。它們可能外表看起來(lái)很漂亮,但里面的水通常比必需的礦物質(zhì)多,而且味道也不太好。作為一種選擇,一些農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè),許多顧客在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店購(gòu)物時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)食品。有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)就是不使用任何化學(xué)物質(zhì)的簡(jiǎn)單農(nóng)業(yè)。有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主注重通過(guò)自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。例如,許多有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主使用來(lái)自動(dòng)物的天然糞便作為肥料。這使得他們地里的土壤礦物質(zhì)更豐富。它還使空氣、土壤、水和農(nóng)作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主也使用許多其他方法來(lái)使土壤肥沃。他們經(jīng)常每年改變每一塊地的作物種類。例如,他們可能一年在一塊地里種玉米或小麥,第二年在那里種豆子。2.種植不同的作物是因?yàn)樗鼈儼阎匾牡V物質(zhì)釋放回土壤,使其為下一批作物生長(zhǎng)做好準(zhǔn)備。有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主還種植多種作物,利用不同深度的土壤來(lái)幫助保持土壤肥沃。例如,花生長(zhǎng)在地面上,但許多其他蔬菜扎根很深。3.使用不同的有機(jī)耕作方法的目的是種植好的食物,同時(shí)避免對(duì)環(huán)境或人的健康造成損害。有些人寧愿完全停止在農(nóng)業(yè)中使用人造化學(xué)品。4.阻止他們這樣做的原因是化學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)滿足了世界各地對(duì)糧食的巨大需求。有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足那樣的需求。5.因此,要找到一個(gè)合適的解決方案,使人們的餐桌上有足夠的食物,同時(shí)保持人們和環(huán)境盡可能地健康仍然有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。 自查語(yǔ)基 落實(shí)基本知能Ⅰ.核心詞匯根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出正確的單詞1.the ________ industry 化學(xué)工業(yè)2.________ farming 有機(jī)耕作3.enjoy ________ respect 受到廣泛尊重4.need time to ________ information 需要一些時(shí)間來(lái)消化信息5.Experience is ________ for this job. 對(duì)于這個(gè)工作, 經(jīng)驗(yàn)是非常重要的。6.________ energy 替代能源7.cover all ________ of city life 涵蓋城市生活的各個(gè)方面8.the ________ of the problem 問(wèn)題的根源9.a(chǎn) bottle of ________ water 一瓶礦泉水10.chemical ________ 化學(xué)農(nóng)藥 Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出相應(yīng)的派生詞1.①provide ________ for you 為你提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)②________ food 營(yíng)養(yǎng)食品2.①at a ________ of 30 metres 在30米深處②take a ________ breath 深深地吸了一口氣3.①an ________ different matter 一件完全不同的事情②the ________ village 整個(gè)村莊 Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.____________ 相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流2.____________ 例如;比如3.____________ 做筆記4.____________ 對(duì)……造成損害5.____________ 至于6.____________ 關(guān)注7.____________ 富于;有豐富的……8.____________ 免受(影響、傷害等)9.____________ 隨著時(shí)間的推移10.____________ 轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)食品 Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)句型1.[句型]現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)[教材]Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, ________________________________________.種植不同的作物是因?yàn)樗鼈儼阎匾牡V物質(zhì)帶回土壤,從而使之適宜于種植下一批作物。2.[句型]狀語(yǔ)從句的省略[教材]The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food ________________________ the environment or to people's health.使用不同的有機(jī)耕作方法的目的是種植好的糧食,避免損害環(huán)境或者人們的健康。3.[句型]that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句[教材]What keeps them from doing so is the fact ________________________________________________________________________.阻止他們這樣做的原因是化學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)滿足了世界各地對(duì)糧食的巨大需求。4.[句型]keep sb./sth.+adj.(賓補(bǔ)) 意為“使某人/某物……”[教材]Organic farmers focus on ________________________ and free of disease through natural means. 有機(jī)農(nóng)民注重通過(guò)自然手段保持土壤肥沃和無(wú)病害。 課堂提升素養(yǎng)探究新知 發(fā)展語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1.(教材P55)For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.例如,農(nóng)藥不僅可以殺死有害的細(xì)菌和昆蟲,還可以殺死有益的細(xì)菌和昆蟲,從而破壞土地。◎句型公式: not only...but (also)...不僅……而且……(1)句中“not only...but also...”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“不僅……而且……”,其中also可以省略。(2)“not only/just...but (also)...”連接的兩個(gè)并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱與數(shù)遵循“就近原則”。[佳句] As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our study but also enrich our everyday life.眾所周知,閱讀古典文學(xué)不僅提高我們的學(xué)習(xí),也豐富了我們的日常生活。[練通]——補(bǔ)全句子/單句語(yǔ)法填空①Beijing is ________________________________________________________________ (不僅是我國(guó)的政治中心,而且是我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心).②Not only the students but also the teacher ________ (be) against the plan.[寫美]——微寫作③它不僅讓我們放松,而且給了我們一個(gè)更接近大自然的機(jī)會(huì)。Not only ________________________ but it also gave us a chance to get closer to nature. 2.(教材P55)This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.這影響到在土地上種植的作物,進(jìn)而影響到消化它們的動(dòng)物和人類。◎in turn 相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流(1)by turns 輪流;交替地(2)take turns to do sth. 輪流做某事It is one's turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事[佳句] Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理論以實(shí)踐為基礎(chǔ),反過(guò)來(lái)又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。[練通]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①He spends too much time on maths, which ________ turn affects the progress of his other subjects.②When it was my turn ________ (give) a speech, I was too excited to speak.③When my mother was ill, my brother took turns ________ (take) care of her.[寫美]——微寫作④一方面,它不僅有助于強(qiáng)身健體,還相應(yīng)地幫助我們更有效地學(xué)習(xí)。For one thing, not only does it help to build up our health, but it also helps us ________________________________. ◎digest vt.&vi.消化 vt.領(lǐng)會(huì);領(lǐng)悟 n.文摘(1)digest food 消化食物digest the information 領(lǐng)會(huì)信息(2)a monthly news digest 每月新聞?wù)?/span>[佳句] You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.飯后你應(yīng)該留點(diǎn)時(shí)間讓食物消化。[練通]——寫出下列句中digest的詞性和含義⑤You shouldn't go swimming until your food has had a chance to digest. ________⑥Digested rapidly by the body, sugar provides a quick energy source. ________⑦The magazine she gave me is Reader's Digest. ________⑧It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting. ________ 3.(教材P55)They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.它們可能外表看起來(lái)很漂亮,但里面通常有更多的水分,而不是基本的礦物質(zhì),而且它們通常也沒(méi)有那么多的味道。◎essential adj.完全必要的;極其重要的(1)be essential to 對(duì)……不可缺少的(2)It is essential for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是必要的It is essential that...should do sth. 做某事是必不可少的[佳句] As far as I'm concerned, money is not essential to happiness.就我個(gè)人而言,金錢對(duì)于幸福并非必不可少。[寫美]——補(bǔ)全句子①有必要把這些申請(qǐng)表盡早寄回。It is essential that these application forms ________________________________________.②豐富多樣的文化生活對(duì)這對(duì)夫婦而言是至關(guān)重要的。A rich and varied cultural life ______________ this couple. 4.(教材P55)As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.作為一種選擇,一些農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè),許多顧客在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店購(gòu)物時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)食品。◎alternative n.可供選擇的事物 adj.可供替代的;非傳統(tǒng)的(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 別無(wú)選擇只好做某事an alternative to... ……的替代品(2)alternatively adv. 可供選擇地[佳句] If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.要是你不喜歡學(xué)校的午餐, 你可以自己帶飯。[練通]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①In order to reduce pollution,we have no alternative but ________ (choose) some clean resources.②The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to ________ (communicate) with others.[寫美]——詞匯升級(jí)③Faced with COVID-19, we have no choice but to stay at home to alleviate the serious situation.→Faced with COVID-19, we have no ________ but to stay at home to alleviate the serious situation. 5.(教材P56)Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.種植不同的作物是因?yàn)樗麄儼阎匾牡V物質(zhì)帶回土壤,使其為下一批作物生長(zhǎng)做好準(zhǔn)備。◎句型公式:現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示自然而然的、意料之中的結(jié)果;不定式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示偶然的、意料之外的結(jié)果,且前面常有only修飾。[佳句] Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures, making it a happy home for us.大自然為我們的國(guó)家提供了豐富的自然寶藏,使之成為我們幸福的家園。[練通]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Unfortunately his father died, ________ (leave) the family even worse off.②He rushed to the airport, only ________ (find) that the plane had taken off.[寫美]——應(yīng)用文佳句③越野比賽使得我們可以臨時(shí)從學(xué)業(yè)中走出來(lái),使得我們更加精力充沛、更加高興。The Cross-Country Running Race allowed us to escape from our lessons for a while, ________________________________________. 6.(教材P56)Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主種植多種作物,利用不同深度的土壤來(lái)幫助保持土壤肥沃。◎depth n.向下(或向里)的距離;深(度)adj.deephighwidelongstrongbroadn.depthheightwidthlengthstrength v.deepenheightenwidenlengthenstrengthenbroaden[佳句] We have expressed the depth of our gratitude to them.我們向他們表達(dá)了深深的謝意。[練通]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①His ideas lack ________ (deep).②As far as I know, her lies hurt her father ________ (deep).③College students can gain social experience and ________ (broad) their horizons because of doing part-time jobs. Section Ⅲ Using LanguagePart 1自讀課文——疏通文脈大意1.A 2.D 3.A 4.A自查語(yǔ)基——落實(shí)基本知能Ⅰ.1.chemical 2.organic 3.widespread 4.digest 5.essential 6.alternative 7.aspects 8.root 9.mineral 10.pesticideⅡ.1.nutrition; nutritious2.depth; deep3.entirely; entireⅢ.1.in turn 2.for instance 3.take notes 4.do damage to 5.as for 6.focus on 7.be rich in 8.free of 9.over time 10.turn to organic foodⅣ.1.making it ready for the next batch of crops2.while avoiding damage to3.that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world4.keeping their soil richPart 2探究新知——發(fā)展語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1.①not only the political centre but also the economic centre of our country ②is?、踕id it give us relaxation2.①in?、趖o give ③to take?、躷o learn more effectively in turn ⑤vi.消化 ⑥vt.消化?、?/span>n.文摘 ⑧vt.領(lǐng)會(huì);理解3.①(should) be sent back as early as possible ②is essential for4.①to choose?、赾ommunicating?、踑lternative5.①leaving?、趖o find③leaving us more energetic and happier6.①depth?、赿eeply?、踒roaden
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