新教材適用2024版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專題突破專題1千變?nèi)f化的動(dòng)詞第2講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

這是一份新教材適用2024版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專題突破專題1千變?nèi)f化的動(dòng)詞第2講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件，共60頁(yè)。PPT課件主要包含了第二講　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，考點(diǎn)分層演練，考點(diǎn)分類指導(dǎo)，Producing，Knowing ，fishing ，annoying ，amazing ，playing ，taking 等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞概述1．什么是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的特殊形式，在句子中可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)以外的成分。2．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中的作用一個(gè)句子中已存在一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下，再出現(xiàn)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞則用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。She gt ff the bus，but she left her handbag n the seat.(有并列連詞，所以用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)She gt ff the bus，leaving her handbag n the seat.(沒(méi)有連詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)3．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞和不定式。
Reading① is ne f Xia Meng's hbbies.Since she was a child，she has been dreaming f becming② a writer.Last mnth，she read a bk describing③ lve between a bss and a sleeping④ beauty—a girl whse gift is slving⑤ difficult prblems in her dreams.Her clleagues ften fund her slving⑥ prblems while sleeping⑦ sundly.The bk is very interesting⑤.Xia Meng really enjys reading② the nvel and imagines slving② difficult prblems in her wn dreams.
一　動(dòng)詞的-ing形式
動(dòng)詞的-ing形式在句子中作什么成分①作主語(yǔ) ②作賓語(yǔ)③作后置定語(yǔ)④作前置定語(yǔ)⑤作表語(yǔ)⑥作賓補(bǔ)⑦作狀語(yǔ)
一、動(dòng)詞-ing的形式
二、核心考點(diǎn)1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)(ding/being dne作主語(yǔ)不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))(1)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在句首。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常常用單數(shù)，但表示多于一個(gè)的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。Playing cellphne games is his favurite.玩手機(jī)游戲是他的最愛(ài)。Dancing and skating are my hbbies，and I als like t read shrt stries.跳舞和溜冰是我的愛(ài)好，同時(shí)我也喜歡讀短篇小說(shuō)。Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed.當(dāng)眾被人嘲笑讓我感到尷尬。
(2)有時(shí)用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常用于It is/was a waste (f...)/n use/n gd ding sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。It is n use trying t persuade such a stubbrn persn.想要說(shuō)服這樣一個(gè)固執(zhí)的人是沒(méi)有什么用處的。It is n pleasure being blamed in the face f ther students.當(dāng)著其他同學(xué)的面被責(zé)備是沒(méi)有樂(lè)趣可言的。
2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)(ding/being dne作賓語(yǔ)不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))(1)動(dòng)詞-ing 形式可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。I help Mum ut by ding the husewrk that I can d.我通過(guò)做力所能及的家務(wù)活幫助媽媽。The by cried ludly fr nt being allwed t enter the amusement park.這孩子因不被允許進(jìn)入游樂(lè)場(chǎng)而大聲哭泣。
注意：以下短語(yǔ)中t 都是介詞be used t習(xí)慣于bject t 反對(duì)devte neself t致力于stick t堅(jiān)持pay attentin t注意lk frward t期盼adapt t適應(yīng)adjust t(使)適應(yīng)于歸功于be addicted t...對(duì)……上癮
(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，只跟動(dòng)名詞(ding)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：mind(介意)，miss(錯(cuò)過(guò))，mentin(提到)，enjy(喜歡)，escape(逃避)，practise(練習(xí))，pstpne(推遲)，permit(允許)，suggest(建議)，stand(bear，tlerate)(忍受)，cnsider(考慮)，keep(保持)，avid(避免)，admit(承認(rèn))，advise(建議)，allw(允許)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒險(xiǎn))，resist(抵制)，recmmend(建議)，finish(完成)，frbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜歡)，delay(延遲)，quit(放棄)，deny(否認(rèn))
The thief kept running t avid/escape being caught by the plice.小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。Little Tm is cnsidering quitting practising playing the vilin，because his neighbr can't tlerate listening t the nise every day.The ther day，she prmised t give Tm ten dllars a week if he gave up ding it.Tm imagines having lts f mney and can't resist taking her advice.小湯姆正考慮放棄練習(xí)拉小提琴，因?yàn)樗泥従与y以忍受每天聽(tīng)到這噪音。前幾天，她答應(yīng)每周給湯姆10美元如果他放棄練琴的話。 湯姆想象著有很多錢(qián)，忍不住接受了她的建議。
3．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)(1)ding作表語(yǔ)表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽象的概念。(此時(shí)ding 名詞意義較強(qiáng)，ding/being dne作表語(yǔ)不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))My hbby is reading bks.我的興趣愛(ài)好是讀書(shū)。What made me happy was being admitted t Peking University.讓我高興的是(我)被北京大學(xué)錄取了。
(2)如果是和情緒相關(guān)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式則形容詞意義較強(qiáng)，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主語(yǔ)。如：amazing，bring，cnfusing，disappinting，exciting，frightening 等等。The news is surprising.這則消息令人吃驚。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________ (prduce) fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it.②(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)__________ (knw) sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family—n matter where yu are in the wrld. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband stpped __________ (fish) t start the mtr.
④(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid ___________ (anny) yur cmpanins.⑤(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) Frm seeing the wildlife t witnessing sunrises, the whle experience was ________ (amaze)．⑥(2022·全國(guó)乙卷) Yung children acrss the glbe enjy __________ (play) games f hide and seek.
4．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)(當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用ding；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示分詞動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用being dne)(1)單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作定語(yǔ)，一般放在被修飾詞之前。falling leaves正在落下的樹(shù)葉　a sleeping child睡著的孩子(動(dòng)名詞可置于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，表示被修飾的名詞的用途和性能)a swimming pl游泳池　a reading rm閱覽室(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，要放在被修飾詞之后。the girl wearing a red dress穿紅裙子的女孩the bridge being built nw現(xiàn)在在建的大橋
5．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)(1)ding與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。Walking in the street，I came acrss an ld friend.走在大街上，我碰到一個(gè)老朋友。(2)being dne與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。Being prtected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.有一堵厚墻掩護(hù)著，他們感到相當(dāng)安全。
(3)having dne與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生。Having waited in line fr tw hurs，the ld man became impatient.已經(jīng)排了兩小時(shí)的隊(duì)，這個(gè)老人變得不耐煩了。(4)having been dne與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生。Having been tld many times，the by still made the same mistake again and again.已經(jīng)被告知很多次，這個(gè)小男孩還是一次又一次犯相同的錯(cuò)。
6．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)為vt.＋sb./sth.＋ding...。可以用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有：“一感一抓一發(fā)現(xiàn)，二聽(tīng)四讓和五看”(feel，catch，find，listen t/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/lk at/bserve/ntice)When I left schl，I saw them playing basketball n the playgrund.當(dāng)我離開(kāi)學(xué)校時(shí)，我看到他們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上打籃球。I am srry fr keeping yu waiting me fr such a lng time.很抱歉讓你等我這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。The headmaster was angry t catch sme students smking again.又一次抓住一些學(xué)生吸煙，校長(zhǎng)很生氣。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Amng thse _________ (take) part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier.②(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) I spent the whle mrning ____________ (shuttle) back and frth acrss the harbr.③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure, _________(make) it easier t prduce such sunds.
④(2022·全國(guó)乙卷) Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children __________ (weep) frm the cld.⑤(2022·全國(guó)乙卷) They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, __________ (leave) the rest f their bdies expsed.⑥(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) St David's Hall is the award winning Natinal Cncert Hall f Wales ___________ (stand) at the very heart f Cardif 's entertainment centre.
Drpped① n the grund，the cellphne's screen was brken; seen① in the distance，it still lked OK. But it didn't wrk. Xia Ming had t get it repaired②.Hwever，t repair such a brken③ cellphne needed a lt f mney.Xia Ming was really wrried④.
動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式在句子中作什么成分①作狀語(yǔ) ②作賓補(bǔ)③作定語(yǔ)④作表語(yǔ)
1．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示分詞動(dòng)作已完成時(shí)，用dne。單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，往往放在被修飾詞之前；過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞之后。the plluted water被污染的水a(chǎn) brken glass 一只打碎的玻璃杯the bridge cmpleted last mnth上周竣工的大橋the flwers planted last year 去年種的花
2．過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常就是句子的主語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Praised by the teacher，he lked very excited.受到了老師的表?yè)P(yáng)，他看起來(lái)很激動(dòng)。Seen frm the tp f the muntain，ur city lks beautiful.從山頂上望去，我們的城市很美。
3．過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，構(gòu)成vt.＋sb./sth.＋dne結(jié)構(gòu)。可以用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：(1)感官動(dòng)詞 see，watch，hear，feel，find，ntice等；(2)使役動(dòng)詞 have，make，keep，leave，get等；(3)表示“想、希望、好惡”的單詞，如want，wish，wuld like等。I hear the sng sung every time I pass by the cffee shp.每當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)這家咖啡屋，我都能聽(tīng)到有人唱這首歌。
She had t raise her vice t make herself heard.她不得不提高嗓門(mén)使自己被聽(tīng)到。The ld man wanted his ld watch repaired.這個(gè)老人想要找人修他的舊手表。4．過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)如果是和情緒相關(guān)的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，則形容詞意義較強(qiáng)，表示“感到……的”，往往人作主語(yǔ)。如：amazed，bred，cnfused，disappinted，excited，frightened 等等。 I felt really surprised when she tld me the exciting news.當(dāng)她告訴我這個(gè)令人興奮的消息時(shí)，我感到非常驚訝。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) All the assignments will be submitted by the ___________ (assign) date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.②(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman ________ (name) Anthny.③(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) ___________ (inspire) by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin _______ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
④(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)___________ (select) frm cllectins thrughut the wrld, it is the first majr exhibitin f his wrk t be held in ver frty years. ⑤(2022·全國(guó)乙卷) The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel ____________ (abandn)．⑥When we saw the rad __________ (blck) with snw，we decided t spend the hliday at hme.
⑦He was sleeping when he heard his name __________(shut) frm the utside.⑧With her attentin ________(fix) n the bk, the girl sat there quietly.
Xia Ming wants t play① cellphne games every day and his dream is t play② vide games fr three days and nights cntinuusly.But he has s much hmewrk t d③.In rder t have④ a chance t play③ cellphne games，Xia Ming decides t study① hard t get④a high scre.He really hpes that his father will allw him t play⑤ cellphne games every day.T btain⑥ such a chance is nt easy.
動(dòng)詞的不定式形式在句子中作什么成分①作賓語(yǔ)②作表語(yǔ)③作定語(yǔ)④作狀語(yǔ)⑤作賓補(bǔ)⑥作主語(yǔ)
難點(diǎn)精析 一、不定式的形式
二、核心考點(diǎn)1．不定式作主語(yǔ)(1)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常常用單數(shù)。T enter a gd university fr further study is my gal nw.進(jìn)入一所好大學(xué)深造是我現(xiàn)在的目標(biāo)。(2)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，更多放在謂語(yǔ)之后，用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常用于“It is/was＋adj.(＋fr/f sb.)＋t d sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中。It's rude t turn yur back t yur teacher and refuse t answer.背對(duì)著老師，拒絕回答問(wèn)題是不禮貌的。It's necessary fr us t help thse in need.我們有必要幫助那些有困難的人。
2．不定式作賓語(yǔ)(1)不定式可在intend(打算)，plan(計(jì)劃)，expect(期望)，pretend(假裝)，wuld like/lve/prefer(想要，喜歡)，wish(希望)，decide(決定)，agree(同意)，help(幫助)，manage(設(shè)法)，persuade(說(shuō)服)，refuse(拒絕)，seem/appear(好像)，prmise(答應(yīng))，attempt(企圖)，chse(選擇)，learn(學(xué)習(xí))，fail(失敗)，affrd(付得起)等后作賓語(yǔ)。The teacher decided t pretend t have knwn what the bys had dne.He chse nt t ask the bys but expected t be tld everything.老師決定假裝已經(jīng)知道這些男孩子們做了什么。他選擇不去問(wèn)孩子們，但是期望被告知一切。
(2)在某些動(dòng)詞如find，think，cnsider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)不定式后置。He feels/thinks it imprtant t learn English well，but finds it difficult t remember the wrds.他認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)記單詞很難。
3．不定式作表語(yǔ)不定式作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)往往是dream，gal，aim，purpse，plan 等表示意向、打算、計(jì)劃的詞。My dream is t becme a dctr after my graduatin frm university.我的夢(mèng)想是大學(xué)畢業(yè)后當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。The aim f the talent shw is t enrich students' extra-curricular activities.這次才藝秀的目的是豐富學(xué)生們的課外活動(dòng)。
4．不定式作定語(yǔ)(1)當(dāng)被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞，the nly，the next等修飾時(shí)，常常用t d 作定語(yǔ)。Jhn is always the first ne t cme up with a gd idea.約翰總是第一個(gè)想出好辦法的人。(2)用在固定句型sb.have sth.t d和 there be sth.t d中。Students cmplain that they have endless hmewrk t d every day.學(xué)生們抱怨他們每天有做不完的作業(yè)。(3)修飾某些名詞，如chance，pprtunity，way，ability，plan 等。I feel greatly hnred t have the chance t deliver a speech here.有機(jī)會(huì)在這里發(fā)表演講，我感到萬(wàn)分榮幸。
5．不定式作狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in rder t d，s as t d，t d等，但s as t d不能置于句首。I gt up early s as t/in rder t/t catch the early bus in the mrning.我早晨早起是為了趕早班車(chē)。
(2)不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于 d，enugh t d， t d結(jié)構(gòu)中。nly/just t d常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。I asked Mum t put up the tent excitedly，nly t be tld the tent had been left behind.我興沖沖地讓媽媽搭帳篷，卻被告知忘帶帳篷了。Every time I prepare fr an imprtant examinatin，I will be t anxius t fall asleep.每次我準(zhǔn)備重要考試時(shí)，我都會(huì)因太焦慮而睡不著。
(3)在be happy/glad/srry/sad/surprised t d sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中作原因狀語(yǔ)。I am extremely glad t knw that yu are cming t China fr a visit during the summer hliday.我很高興得知暑假你要來(lái)拜訪中國(guó)。
6．不定式作賓補(bǔ)(1)在很多動(dòng)詞后都可以用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如ask，want，invite，get，frce，expect，allw，persuade，rder，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，frbid，advise，teach等。I am writing t invite yu t cme t my birthday party.我寫(xiě)信邀請(qǐng)您來(lái)參加我的生日晚會(huì)。
(2)下列動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))接省略t的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：“一感”(feel)，“二聽(tīng)”(hear，listen t)，“三使”(let，have，make)，“五看”(see，ntice，bserve，watch，lk at)，“半幫助”(help)，但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)需加t。I ften hear the girl sing the sng which is ppular recently.＝The girl is ften heard t sing the sng which is ppular recently.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到這個(gè)小女孩唱這首最近很流行的歌。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Students will wrk in grups ______________ (cmplete) fur assignments during the curse.②(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)It is easy _________ (have) a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media.③(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)A friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered ________ (be) his cmpanin during the trip.
④(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyne else have the pprtunity ________ (d) creative things.⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP's main gal is _____________ (imprve) cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas.⑥(2022·全國(guó)甲卷) Peple in France expect yu _________(eat) with a utensil in each hand.
⑦The airprt _______________(cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.⑧The wrkers seem ______________________(cmprmise) with the bss，because they are prepared t return t wrk.
t be cmpleted
t have cmprmised
1．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常要與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。(誤)Fund him angry，I began t tell jkes.(正)Finding him angry，I began t tell jkes.發(fā)現(xiàn)他生氣了，我開(kāi)始講笑話。(誤)Lking arund，there was n ne nearby.(正)Lking arund，I fund there was n ne nearby.環(huán)顧四周，我發(fā)現(xiàn)附近沒(méi)有人。
2．若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，則要在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加上其自身的邏輯主語(yǔ)，即“邏輯主語(yǔ)(名詞/(主格人稱)代詞)＋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。具體形式如下：(1)名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞可有語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。Winter cming，it gets clder and clder.冬天來(lái)了，天氣越來(lái)越冷了。
(2)名詞/代詞＋過(guò)去分詞。構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)詞與名詞/代詞為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作已完成。The test finished，we began ur hliday.考試結(jié)束了，我們的假期開(kāi)始了。(3)名詞/代詞＋不定式。不定式表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，有語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。The tw bys said gdbye t each ther，ne t g hme，the ther t g t his friend's.兩個(gè)男孩彼此道了別，一個(gè)回家，另一個(gè)去朋友家。
(4)有些分詞/不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，盡管它們的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，但也不作為語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤來(lái)處理。①常見(jiàn)的這類分詞短語(yǔ)有g(shù)enerally/frankly/rughly/strictly speaking，talking f，speaking f，judging frm/by，cmpared with/t...，given that...等。Generally speaking，girls are mre interested in literature than bys.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，女孩子比男孩子更喜歡文學(xué)。②常見(jiàn)的這類不定式短語(yǔ)有t be frank，t be sure，t tell (yu) the truth，t be hnest，t make matters wrse等。T tell yu the truth，it's all Greek t me.說(shuō)實(shí)話，我對(duì)此一竅不通。
3．with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(1)with＋名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞可表示主動(dòng)和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。He lay n the grass with his eyes lking at the sky.他躺在草地上，眼睛望著天空。(2)with＋名詞/代詞＋過(guò)去分詞，過(guò)去分詞可表示被動(dòng)和動(dòng)作已完成。With his hair cut，he lked much yunger.理了發(fā)，他看起來(lái)年輕多了。(3)with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式，不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。With a lt f hmewrk t d，I can't g skating with yu.因?yàn)橛泻芏嘧鳂I(yè)要做，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰。
4．下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別：
5．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的辨析(1)感官動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))see，watch，bserve，lk at，ntice，hear，listen t，feel的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要有三種形式，以see為例：
I saw him leave a few minutes ag.我看見(jiàn)他幾分鐘前離開(kāi)了。As I gt clser，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.當(dāng)我走近時(shí)，我看見(jiàn)他的腿在空中亂踢，并且呼吸沉重。I'd like t see the plan carried ut.我想看到這個(gè)計(jì)劃被執(zhí)行。注意：“感官動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋省略t的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)需加上t。The thief was bserved t enter the bank.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))有人看見(jiàn)小偷進(jìn)了銀行。
(2)使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的情況The teacher made sme students stay in the classrm after schl.老師讓一些學(xué)生放學(xué)后留在教室里。He tried t make himself understd.他盡量把自己的意思表達(dá)清楚了。
Dn't let yur child play with matches.別讓你的孩子玩火柴。Let the wrk be dne immediately.工作要馬上去做。
He had the fire burning all the night.他讓火燃燒了一夜。He had his wallet stlen n his way hme.在回家的路上，他的錢(qián)包被偷了。
She gt her bike running very fast.她把自行車(chē)騎得飛快。I'll get/have my bike repaired tmrrw.我明天要(請(qǐng)人)修一下我的自行車(chē)。
(3)動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch后加非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況
1．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞首先判定所給提示詞是否充當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)，如果句子不缺少謂語(yǔ)，那就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。2．找邏輯主語(yǔ)，再判斷與動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系(1)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾詞；作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常是句子的主語(yǔ)；作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。
(2)如果邏輯主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，則用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則用過(guò)去分詞。但是當(dāng)含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式；如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用現(xiàn)在分詞形式的被動(dòng)式。3．判斷所給動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的先后順序(1)t have dne，having dne表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。(2)t be ding，ding表示該動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作(幾乎)同時(shí)發(fā)生。
層級(jí)一　基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Smetimes we find her __________(drive) the tractr n the farm.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查find＋sb.＋賓補(bǔ)，賓語(yǔ)her 與drive 為主謂關(guān)系。故填driving。2．Li Lei is asking his deskmate __________(help) him think f a freign name.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查t d 作賓補(bǔ)。ask sb.t d sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事。 故填t help。
3．—Hi，Li Hng！I didn't see yu at the party.—Oh，I was busy __________(get) ready fr the cming exams.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查固定搭配 be busy ding sth.。故填getting。4．The ld men enjy ____________(listen) t the singing f the birds in the park.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)。enjy之后跟ding作賓語(yǔ)。故填listening。
5．The girl ___________(stand) under the tree is my cusin Kate.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。the girl 和stand之間為主謂關(guān)系。故填standing。6．Bks __________(write) in easy English are very ppular amng Chinese middle schl students.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)。bks和write之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填written。
7．I fund the dr _________(clse) when I gt hme.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。賓語(yǔ)the dr 和clse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填clsed。8．When they met again，they were t excited _________(say) a wrd.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為t＋adj.＋t d固定結(jié)構(gòu)，其中t d表示結(jié)果。故填t say。9．I'm hungry.Get me smething _________(eat)．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查t d作定語(yǔ)。故填t eat。
10．—Hw lng did it take yu ______(d) yur hmewrk yesterday?—Abut half an hur.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處it為形式主語(yǔ)，結(jié)構(gòu)為it takes sb.＋sme time＋t d sth.。故填t d。11．If the prey(獵物) is large，the tiger will bite its thrat __________ (kill) it.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子的謂語(yǔ)部分是will bite，而t kill在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t kill。
12．__________ (make) a kid understand the difference between magic and reality，yu need t shw him the science behind it.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本空要用所給動(dòng)詞的不定式形式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填T make。 13．Every piece f plastic__________ (create) will remain in the envirnment in sme frm, but...解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：每一塊被制造出來(lái)的塑料都將以某種形式留在環(huán)境中，但……。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知create在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)plastic構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填created。
14．It seems that peple in western cuntries are becming increasingly __________(wrry) abut the side effects f drugs，...解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：西方國(guó)家的人們似乎越來(lái)越擔(dān)心藥物的副作用……。此處是指人們擔(dān)心藥物的副作用，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞wrried表示“擔(dān)心的”在句中作表語(yǔ)。故填wrried。15．Yueyang Twer became famus fr Memrial t Yueyang Twer(《岳陽(yáng)樓記》)__________(write) by Fan Zhngyan.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。所填詞在此處作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾Memrial t Yueyang Twer，且與之為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞written。故填written。
16．Living with a family makes the language familiar，literally ______ (bring) it hme t yu. 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空在句中作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)living with a family與其之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填bringing。17．T really appreciate and understand anther language，yu need ________________(understand) its culture and philsphy.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。need t d sth.需要做某事。故填t understand。
t understand
18． if yu cnveniently thrw it ut, wind and run-ff carry the waste dwn the sewer(污水管) and directly t the cean, ____________ (affect) the marine life including the fish...解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：……但如果你圖方便把它扔掉，風(fēng)和徑流就會(huì)把垃圾帶入下水道，直接流入海洋，影響海洋生物，包括魚(yú)類……。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知affect在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與上文句子構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填affecting。
19．Hearing the telephne ring, she rushed ut f the kitchen and left the water __________(bil)．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：聽(tīng)到電話鈴響，她沖出廚房，讓水開(kāi)著。leave ＋賓語(yǔ)＋ding sth.“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”，此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行。故填biling。20．Mrever，fully cnsider each ptin. It can be easy _________ (let) a particular schl becme a frnt-runner early n during yur decisin-making prcess.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為“It＋be＋adj.＋t d sth.”句型，句中It作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)為真正主語(yǔ)。故填t let。
層級(jí)二　高考真題練單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)___________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國(guó)家公園的三倍，GPNP將成為中國(guó)首批國(guó)家公園之一。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語(yǔ)，cver和句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)the GPNP為邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語(yǔ)，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Cvering。
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ______________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
3．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽(yáng)臺(tái)), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the __________ (fall) child.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)亨利看到一個(gè)小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽(yáng)臺(tái)上時(shí)，他跑了100米，跳過(guò)了1.2米高的柵欄，伸出雙臂去接要掉下來(lái)的孩子。句中的held ut為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，fall為動(dòng)詞，意為“掉落”， child和fall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的含義。故應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填falling。
4．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up _________ (see) them.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他把一把椅子推到陽(yáng)臺(tái)上，爬上去看他們。句中的climbed up為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，他要爬到陽(yáng)臺(tái)去看他們(外面玩鬧的孩子們。)，故應(yīng)該使用t d不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t see。
5．(2022·浙江卷1月)That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ______________(cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding, ” she says, “a really psitive change.”解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他打算繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)踐。動(dòng)詞plan后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式，plan t d sth.計(jì)劃做某事。故填t cntinue。
t cntinue
6．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure that ffers a place where yu can sit dwn __________(rest) yur aching legs.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然這是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)，并提供了一個(gè)地方，你可以坐下來(lái)休息你疼痛的腿。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)此處應(yīng)填t rest來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t rest。
7．(2021·全國(guó))After ___________(spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在花了一些時(shí)間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取一些行動(dòng)了，還有什么比騎在一段歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞賓語(yǔ)。故填spending。
8．(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme ___________ (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics...解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因?yàn)樗茏屄眯姓吡私膺@個(gè)地區(qū)——無(wú)論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色……。分析句子成分可知，educate與traveler之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故填educated。
9．(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(遠(yuǎn)足)and accmmdatins aim __________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那里的活動(dòng)從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對(duì)自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。固定短語(yǔ)aim t d譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填t have。
10．(2021·新高考I卷)But that's hw nature is—always leaving us _____________ (astnish)．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：但大自然就是這樣——總是讓我們驚訝。此處是“l(fā)eave ＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)us的感受，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。故填astnished。
11．(2021·浙江1月高考)In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries __________(study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)是had，所以study用非謂語(yǔ)形式，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是cuntries，兩者存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用studied作定語(yǔ)。故填studied。
12．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)They represent the earth _________(cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為represent，所以這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。名詞the earth與cme back t之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填cming。13．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)They are easy __________(care) fr and make great presents.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。這里考查“be＋形容詞＋t d”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填t care。
14．(2021·3月天津改編)—Hw's the prject ging?—S far s gd. All we have t d is _________(finish) the last bit f wrk.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。不定式作表語(yǔ)，前面的主語(yǔ)有d，后面表語(yǔ)t d的t省略。故填finish。
15．(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)As well as lking at exhibits，visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模擬) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r __________(walk) thrugh a rainfrest.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處與living是并列成分，共同作imagine的賓語(yǔ)，imagine sb.ding sth.想象某人做某事。因此sb. ding sth.為imagine后動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故填walking。
16．(2020·浙江卷)Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ____________(change) lives.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，簡(jiǎn)單句中已有動(dòng)詞gave，設(shè)空處需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句意，此處需用不定式作定語(yǔ)，修飾technlgy。故填t change。
17．(2020·天津，5月)____________(cmplete) in 1931，the Empire State Building，the highest skyscraper until 1954，inspired the imaginatin f the wrld.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是inspired，此處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)the Empire State Building和動(dòng)詞cmplete是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故填Cmpleted。
18．(2020·天津，5月)The lcal gvernment desn't have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin _____________(prmte) ecnmic grwth.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。通過(guò)分析句子可知，句中存在謂語(yǔ)desn't have t sacrifice，空處需使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且表示目的，因此使用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。故填t prmte。19．(2019·天津卷)___________(learn) t think critically is an imprtant skill tday's children will need fr the future.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，句子缺少主語(yǔ)成分，故用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。故填Learning。
20.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Mdern methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s，and are expensive _________ (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句含有“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)通常是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。故填t perfrm。
層級(jí)三　語(yǔ)篇提能練語(yǔ)法填空非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞篇Passage 1China has becme the first cuntry _____________(land) a spacecraft n the far side f the mn.The unmanned Chang'e-4 prbe(探測(cè)器)—the name ____________________(inspire) by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. _____________ (land) n the mn's far side is extremely __________________(challenge)．
2.was inspired
4.challenging
Because the mn's bdy _____________(blck) direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe，China first ___________(have) t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt where it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.The far side f the mn is f particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(環(huán)形山)，mre s than the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hpe _______________(use) the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 ______________(find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brwn University，says，“because it means we have the chance __________________(btain) infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed.” Data abut the mn's cmpsitin，such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains，culd help China decide whether its plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base _____________(be) practical.
語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。嫦娥四號(hào)無(wú)人探測(cè)器在月球背面成功軟著陸，中國(guó)成為第一個(gè)使探測(cè)器在月球背面軟著陸的國(guó)家。
解析：1．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用t d 作定語(yǔ)。故填t land。2．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題意，該探測(cè)器的名字是受了月神嫦娥的啟發(fā)，表被動(dòng)，而且被啟發(fā)是過(guò)去的事情。故填was inspired。3．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)題意，此處在句中作主語(yǔ)，且位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Landing。4．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)題意，此處應(yīng)該是“極具挑戰(zhàn)性的”，作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。故填challenging。
5．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中要有謂語(yǔ)，而且 the mn's bdy 是單數(shù)，此處又為客觀事實(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。故填blcks。6．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)題意“中國(guó)發(fā)射嫦娥四號(hào)”是過(guò)去的事情，而且后面的從句也是使用的culd send作謂語(yǔ)。故填had。7．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。hpe后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填t use。8．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)題意，研究者希望使用嫦娥四號(hào)上的設(shè)備去發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究月球南極的艾肯盆地。此處為use sth. t d結(jié)構(gòu)，其中t d表示目的狀語(yǔ)。故填t find。
9．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)被修飾詞是chance，pprtunity，way，ability等抽象名詞時(shí)，其后常跟t d作定語(yǔ)。故填t btain。10．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。 根據(jù)題意，此處在whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)its plans 是復(fù)數(shù)形式，此處時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填are。
Passage 2Petry is never far away frm ur daily life. Many f us grew up _______________(recite) classic pems, learning ________________(enjy) this beautiful art frm that is able t use just a few lines ________________ (cnvey) such rich meanings.The Bk f Sngs，______________ (date) back t the Western Zhu Dynasty, has a lnger histry than the Hmeric epics. Even tday, classic pems are appreciated by a lt f peple._________________(recgnize) the unique ability f petry and capture its creative spirit, Wrld Petry Day is held by the United Natins n March 21 each year ________________(supprt) linguistic diversity thrugh petic expressin.
5.T recgnize
Chinese Petry Cnference _______________ (feature) classic petry is extremely ppular. The cmpetitin saw ver 100 participants ____________ (take) part in a number f challenges. The participants, whse ages ranged frm 7 t 70, included students, farmers, teachers and freign cmpetitrs with an interest in Chinese literature.And even TV series invlving petry are very successful. Fr example，in Empresses in the Palace (甄嬛傳), ne f the drama's mst _____________ (mve)sngs was adapted frm a pem ________________ (write) by Wen Tingyun f the Tang Dynasty.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。簡(jiǎn)單介紹了中國(guó)古典詩(shī)歌和現(xiàn)在的《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》。
7.featuring
解析：1．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子主語(yǔ)Many f us和recite在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故填reciting。2．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。learn t d sth.表示“學(xué)會(huì)做某事”。故填t enjy。3．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。能夠用幾行詩(shī)句表達(dá)如此豐富的意思。use sth. t d sth.用某物做某事。故填t cnvey。
4．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：起源于西周時(shí)期的《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的歷史要比《荷馬史詩(shī)》更悠久。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，以及date back t沒(méi)被動(dòng)形式，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填dating。5．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了認(rèn)識(shí)到詩(shī)歌的獨(dú)特能力……。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)填不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填T recgnize。6．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用不定式t supprt作目的狀語(yǔ)，意為“為了支持……”。故填t supprt。