2021-2022學(xué)年河南省駐馬店市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題含解析

這是一份2021-2022學(xué)年河南省駐馬店市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題含解析，共32頁。
?駐馬店市2021～2022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期終考試
高二英語試題
本試題卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分?？忌鞔饡r，將答案答在答題卡上，在本試題卷上答題無效。考試結(jié)束后，監(jiān)考老師只收答題卡。
注意事項：
1. 答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫（涂）在答題卡上?？忌J(rèn)真核對答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名是否一致。
2. 第Ⅰ卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫作答，在試題上作答，答案無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考教師將答題卡收回。
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What was the weather like during Jane’s trip?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How was your trip to London, Jane?
W: Very good, especially the weather there. The sun was shining brightly and there was no wind.
M: Yes, you went there just in the right season. It rains a lot during the autumn.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
When will the programme end?
A In February. B. In October. C. In December.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I joined our country’s new programme called Internet plus nursing services.
M: Really? Tell me more about it.
W: It was carried out in six provinces from February and it will run until the end of the year.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I feel bad today. I have a sore throat and my nose is running. I don’t want to go to school.
W: Sounds like you have a cold. OK. Have a good rest and I’ll call your teacher to ask for leave.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
How will the man go home?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I suppose you’ve missed the last bus. Let me give you a ride.
M: Thank you. You are so kind. But Mary and I are going to take the subway home. It’s convenient.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the woman going to do?
A. Throw a party. B. Do the cleaning. C. Get some sleep.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Oh, look at all the mess! What happened here?
W: We threw a party last night. It was very late when it was over and I didn’t clean it.
M: Then when will you clean it?
W: Right away.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6. What is the man’ doing?
A. Booking a room. B. Making a complaint. C. Asking for directions.
7. What does the woman like best about their room?
A. The soft bed. B. The large bathroom. C. The good view.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I don’t think I’d recommend that hotel to anyone.
W: You can’t expect luxury for that price. Anyway, it was easy to get into the city centre to see all the sights.
M: It was a good starting point for exploring but the people working there weren’t terribly helpful when we asked them for directions.
W: The lady on the reception desk was nice, and you must admit she gave us a room overlooking the garden at the back.
M: It’s a shame about that tiny bathroom though. The beds could have been softer too.
W: Well, we should have read some reviews online before booking.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8. Why does Jason hesitate to take part in the competition?
A. He is not sure of himself. B. He is over the age limit. C. He is tired of video games.
9. What does the woman advise Jason to do?
A. Print the competition rules. B. Check the competition rules. C. Have a talk with the designers.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: So Jason, will you have a go at the competition for young video game designers then?
M: It’d be really cool if I could, but I don’t know if I’m really up to it.
W: It’s for 11- to 16-year-olds, so it should be your sort of thing, don’t you think?
M: It’s more a question of whether I’ve got what it takes really.
W: But you know a lot about video games.
M: From the point of view of a player... yeah, absolutely... but as a designer, that’s a really different thing. I’ll definitely have a closer look at the competition rules though.
W: I’ve printed them off actually. You’d better have a look at them before you sign up for the competition.
M: I will. Thanks.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

10. Where are the speakers most probably?
A. At home. B. In a travel agency. C. In a museum.
11. What can people enjoy in the Reality Room?
A. Train exhibits. B. Juicy tomatoes. C. New York’s scenery.
12. What is the man’s attitude towards transgenic food?
A. Ambiguous. B. Worried. C. Approving.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. B
【解析】
原文】W: So where should we start? This place is huge!
M: Why don’t we check out the transportation exhibition?
W: Right! I really want to see the high-speed train that travels along on air.
M: Sounds interesting. But let’s not miss the Reality Room. It’s really cool. No matter where you are, you just put on a video hat and you can be in New York—walk the streets, skate through Central Park and you never even leave the room.
W: It’s probably a lot safer to see New York that way. But I’d like to see the Genetic Engineering Room too.
M: What’s that about? Sounds frightening!
W: Well, they’ve developed some new tomatoes. They are supposed to be very sweet and juicy, and they don’t go bad as fast as normal tomatoes.
M: To be honest, I’m nervous when technology is mixed into our food.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

13. Where is Story Time held?
A. In the Children’s Room. B. In the Meeting Room. C. In the Reference Room.
14. When does Family Movies take place now?
A. On Thursday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
15. What will the man probably do on Friday night?
A. Give a speech. B. Listen to a lecture. C. Read stories to children.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Movie nights. B. Library events. C. Weekend activities.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Can you tell me some interesting activities in the library?
W: Yes. We offer a lot of activities and the most popular one is Story Time for children. It takes place in the Children’s Room on Thursday mornings at eleven.
M: Isn’t there a family movie night?
W: Yes. But it’s not at night anymore. We used to have Family Movies on Fridays when the library is open until nine, but now we have a different activity at that time, so we had to switch Family Movies to the weekend—Saturday afternoon.
M: How much do you charge for the movies?
W: They’re all free. The movie starts at 2:30 in the Reference Room.
M: And what takes place on Friday evenings?
W: We’ve just started a weekly Lecture Series. We have a different speaker every week, and the lectures cover all different kinds of topics.
M: That sounds like something I’d be interested in. When does it start?
W: The lecture starts at 6:30 in the Meeting Room. But you’d better come early, or there will be no seats left for you.
M: I got it. Thanks.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

17. Where are the teachers in the English Summer Camps from?
A. Canada. B. Italy. C. America.
18. What activity is arranged during the trip to Canada?
A. Going to the green jungle.
B. Visiting famous museums.
C. Learning about some architecture.
19. How long does the trip to Italy last?
A. 7 days. B. 10 days. C. 20 days.
20. What is the aim of the English Summer Camps?
A. To speak English perfectly. B. To avoid making mistakes. C. To learn English happily.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: The English Camp Company organises English Summer Camps for 7- to 14-year-olds. Our fun-loving teachers come from some of the best universities in the United States. They are well-qualified with backgrounds in teaching English.
This summer, we will take a trip to Canada. We will participate in some voluntary work. The most exciting one is that we will have an adventure trip into the green jungle. We will also go for a trip to Italy. We will visit famous museums there. You will be impressed by its architecture. We will live and learn together in Milan University. Our trip to Canada lasts for ten days and costs $1,000 and the one to Italy lasts for a week and costs $800.
We offer a fun and relaxing atmosphere for children to learn English. No one will ever learn a language without making mistakes. At our camps, we don’t ask the children to speak English perfectly. We only ask them to do their best. Join our 20-day camps for the summer of your life!
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的（A、B、C和D）四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
During the COVID-19 pandemic, online book clubs grow in popularity as everyone is stuck at home. If you’re looking for some new reading inspiration, these are the clubs you should know about.
Our Shared Shelf
Must—read books like The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf are shared in Our Shared Shelf. This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women. Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.
Between Two Books
Between Two Books was set up by Florence Welch’s fans way back in 2012, and the singer immediately threw her full support behind this lit—loving community, recommending her favorite titles. Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.
Belletrist
Belletrist is the creation of two best friends Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss, who have been sharing their love of reading for over ten years. Each month Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss search through hundreds of new releases to find the five best books hitting the shelves and share them. What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.
Poppy Loves Book Club
Run by Eva Witherspoon, this women—only club serves as an umbrella community, joining together hundreds of local book clubs from all corners of the world. At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. Whatever topics that are closely related to women can be talked freely.
21. Who founded the club Our Shared Shelf?
A. Naomi Wolf. B. Eva Witherspoon. C. Emma Roberts. D. Emma Watson.
22. Which club provides live author interviews?
A. Our Shared Shelf. B. Between Two Books.
C. Belletrist. D. Poppy Loves Book Club.
23. What do the four clubs have in common?
A. They are held on a monthly basis. B. They are hosted on Instagram.
C. They host guest recommendations. D. They only allow women to join.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個在線圖書俱樂部。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Our Shared Shelf部分中的“This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women.(這個俱樂部是由演員Emma Watson在2016年創(chuàng)立的，這作為她與聯(lián)合國婦女組織合作的一部分。)”可知，Emma Watson創(chuàng)立了Our Shared Shelf俱樂部，故選D。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Belletrist部分中“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(讓這個俱樂部更有吸引力的是，每月作家現(xiàn)場訪談都會在Instagram上舉行。)”可知，Belletrist俱樂部提供作者現(xiàn)場采訪，故選C。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Our Shared Shelf部分中的“Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.(每月舉行一次，重點是探討婦女權(quán)利的文學(xué)作品。)”，Between Two Books部分中的“Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.(每個月，俱樂部都會接待來自藝術(shù)家、音樂家、作家和導(dǎo)演的推薦嘉賓。)”，Belletrist部分中的“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(讓這個俱樂部更有吸引力的是，每月作家現(xiàn)場訪談都會在Instagram上舉行。)”以及Poppy Loves Book Club部分中的“At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. (每個月末，愛娃的書迷們聚在一起分享他們的想法——以及他們對閱讀的熱愛。)”可知，這四個俱樂部的共同之處在于，它們都是每月舉行一次，故選A。
B
Before the dark cloud cast a shadow over my life, I was a 39-year-old woman who enjoyed traveling, listening to jazz music and reading. Then my whole life changed. On November 10th 2019, I awoke from sleep with the worst headache of my life. I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (動脈瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost. Yet, I knew I had to face the music.
Nine months later, my doctor recommended I start cycling to help flood my brain with oxygen, which benefited my physical recovery. I hadn’t used one in almost two decades, so I was scared. However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! My husband joked I deserved the first prize!
Now, I ride whenever I have the energy. Usually, I get on the bike a few times a week. Last year I participated in a benefit ride for the local school. I enjoy traveling internationally, but haven’t had the opportunity to do so since my surgeries. I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. Until then, though, I’ll participate annually in the Good Old Summertime Classic and continue my local routes.
Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. I know I will ride on.
24. What does the underlined phrase “face the music” in paragraph 1 refer to? :
A. Enjoy jazz music. B. Accept the fact. C. Lose the feeling. D. Have the surgery.
25. How was the author’s first biking after the surgery?
A. She quit halfway. B. She felt disappointed.
C. She made it. D. She got the first prize.
26. What does the author expect to do for the future?
A. To help the local school. B. To go cycling abroad.
C. To have enough energy. D. To participate in local routes.
27. What can we learn from the author’s story?
A. One is never too old to learn. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Exercise is the best medicine. D. Happiness lies in good health.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者被診斷為腦動脈瘤，并做了手術(shù)，術(shù)后醫(yī)生建議作者開始騎自行車，這能幫助作者的大腦充滿氧氣，有利于作者的身體恢復(fù)。作者在丈夫的鼓勵下開始騎自行車，身體得到了恢復(fù)。
【24題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (動脈瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost.(我被緊急送往醫(yī)院，被診斷為腦動脈瘤！緊急手術(shù)后，我躺在床上，感到震驚和失落。)”和畫線短語所在句子“Yet, I knew I had to face the music.(然而，我知道我必須……)”可知，作者被診斷了腦動脈瘤，并做了手術(shù)，雖然作者感到很震驚和失落，但是作者不得不接受這一事實，由此可知，畫線短語“face the music”指的是接受事實，故選B。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! (然而，在我出色的啦啦隊長布萊恩——我丈夫的支持下，我小心翼翼地騎上了自行車。 只過了三分鐘，我就累了，我的手在發(fā)抖。我感到無能為力，想放棄，但布賴恩微笑著鼓勵我。我騎了幾分鐘，停下來休息了一下，然后又騎了起來。我可以一點一點地連續(xù)騎十分鐘)”可知，作者手術(shù)后第一次騎自行車很成功，故選C。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. (我希望有一天能在另一個國家騎自行車。)”可知，作者希望將來能在國外騎行，故選B。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. (騎自行車不僅恢復(fù)了我的身體，而且還恢復(fù)了我的靈魂。重新掌控自己的身體和生活讓我感覺充滿力量。)”可知，作者被診斷為腦動脈瘤，并做了手術(shù)，術(shù)后醫(yī)生建議作者開始騎自行車，這樣幫助作者的大腦充滿氧氣，有利于作者的身體恢復(fù)。作者在丈夫的鼓勵下開始騎自行車，慢慢作者的身體恢復(fù)了。從作者的故事我們可以得知，運動是最好的良藥。故選C。
C
Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海綿) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly, they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.
Like in a dream, audiences travelled back with the dancers to the wealthy Tang Dynasty. The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.
The dance has become a representation of guochao, which expresses the rise of China’s native fashion trends. A group of young artists have begun to try to demonstrate traditional Chinese culture in different ways. One of the pioneers is Chen Lei, director of the gala. In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美學(xué)).
Chen told the Global Times that with the development of China, Chinese young people feel more confident to promote Chinese trends to the international stage. He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. Otherwise, the inheritance (傳承) of traditions would be artificial and empty.
28. What does the author intend to do in the first paragraph?
A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To add background information. D. To analyze the dancers’ difficulties.
29. What can you infer about the dance program from paragraph 2?
A. It promotes tourism in China. B. It takes advantage of the Internet.
C. It wins world—wide recognition. D. It popularizes short video platforms.
30. Which of the following words best describes the dance program?
A. Traditional. B. Vivid. C. Complex. D. Creative.
31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Chen?
A. Preserve them at museums. B. Teach them at schools.
C. Introduce them to young people. D. Recreate them with technology.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了河南電視臺在2021年春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上發(fā)布了一檔名為“唐宮夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈節(jié)目，這受到了海內(nèi)外人們的喜愛。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海綿) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly, they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.(十四位身穿填滿海綿的連衣褲，嘴里塞著特殊棉花的舞者，再現(xiàn)了唐朝女性略微肥胖的身材。她們在舞臺上排成一排，做出有趣的面部表情和幽默的動作。突然之間，她們被古董包圍，下一秒，她們就徘徊在萬里江山的古代杰作之中。)”和第二段中“The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. (河南電視臺在2021年春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上發(fā)布了一檔神奇的舞蹈節(jié)目，名為“唐宮夜宴”)”以及全文可知，文章主要介紹了河南電視臺在2021年春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上發(fā)布了一檔名為“唐宮夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈節(jié)目，而第一段是對河南電視臺這檔春節(jié)晚會舞蹈節(jié)目的具體描述，由此可推知，第一段引起了本文的話題，故選B。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.(這段視頻在新浪微博上被觀看了4862萬次，截至2月19日，Tiktok上相關(guān)話題的觀看次數(shù)已超過2億次。它啟發(fā)了人們對傳統(tǒng)文化之美的熱情，并因此傳播到海外，受到世界各地文化愛好者的贊賞。)”可知，這檔舞蹈節(jié)目獲得了全世界的認(rèn)可，故選C。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美學(xué)).(他認(rèn)為，這個舞蹈是中國傳統(tǒng)文化和現(xiàn)代科技、時尚和美學(xué)的結(jié)合，運用3D和AR等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。)”可知，這檔舞蹈節(jié)目運用了3D和AR等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，由此可知，這檔舞蹈節(jié)目是有創(chuàng)造力的，故選D。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. (他認(rèn)為，傳統(tǒng)不應(yīng)該被密封在博物館的玻璃盒子里，或者僅僅在教室里教授，而應(yīng)該與數(shù)字世界相結(jié)合。)”可知，陳雷認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)用科技重建中國的藝術(shù)，故選D。
D
During spring in the Pacific Northwest, meltwater rushes down rivers and the wind often blows hard. These forces spin the region’s many power turbines (渦輪機(jī)) and generate electricity at a time of mild temperatures and relatively low energy demand. But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a Department of Energy National Laboratory in Richland, Wash, are developing a battery that might solve this problem. In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔鹽溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time. This will be an outcome that is significant toward renewable energy.
Most conventional batteries store energy as chemical reactions waiting to happen. When the battery is connected to a circuit, electrons travel from one side of the battery to the other, generating electricity. To compensate for the change, charged ions (離子) move through the solid material that separates the two sides of the battery. But even when the battery is not in use, the ions gradually move across this material. As that happens, the battery loses energy. Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.
“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” says PNNL researcher Guosheng Li, “The material inside the battery is made of a salt solution that is solid at normal temperatures but becomes liquid when heated to 180℃. When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.”
“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.
32. Why do the researchers develop the new battery?
A. To extend the duration time. B. To protect the environment.
C. To cut the cost of the battery. D. To generate more electricity.
33. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the new chargeable battery?
A. Its complex design. B. Its required temperature.
C. Its major advantage. D. Its potential market.
34. Which word best describes Li’s attitude towards the new battery?
A. Confident. B. Cautious. C. Conservative. D. Skeptical.
35. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Exploring the Future of Rechargeable Batteries.
B. Researching Ways to Promote Rechargeable Batteries.
C. New Technology Replaces Conventional Batteries in the Market.
D. Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款利用熔鹽溶液的原理發(fā)明的可充電電池，它便宜高效且能夠長時間儲存電量，文章還介紹了這款電池的諸多優(yōu)點。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段最后一句話“But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.(由于電池不能儲存足夠長的時間，這些可以在夏天為空調(diào)提供動力的季節(jié)性額外的電力，大部分都丟失了。)” 和第二自然段第二句話“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔鹽溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞報告物理科學(xué)》上的一篇論文中，他們展示了凍結(jié)和解凍一種熔鹽溶液是如何創(chuàng)造出一種可充電電池的，這種電池可以在幾周或幾個月的時間內(nèi)廉價而高效地存儲電量。)” 可知，研究人員發(fā)明新的電池，是為了更好地儲存電量，延長持續(xù)時間。故選A項。
【33題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三自然段最后一句話“Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.(一些可充電電池可能會在一個月內(nèi)損失三分之一的存儲電量。)”和第四自然段“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.(在我們的電池中，我們試圖阻止這種情況。當(dāng)材料是固體時，離子被鎖在原地，防止自放電。只有當(dāng)材料變成液體時，離子才能流過電池，使其充電或放電。)”可知，一些可充電電池有其缺點，但是我們研發(fā)的新電池解決了以上缺點，在第四自然段中重點介紹了我們研發(fā)的新電池的優(yōu)點。故選C項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一個自然段“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.(創(chuàng)造一種能夠抵抗反復(fù)加熱和冷卻循環(huán)的電池不是一項簡單的任務(wù)。然而，我們想要經(jīng)歷它，看看我們能把它們商業(yè)化到什么程度。李國盛說。)”可以看出，李對于這款新電池的發(fā)展充滿信心。故選A項。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容以及第二自然段第二句話“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔鹽溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞報告物理科學(xué)》上的一篇論文中，他們展示了凍結(jié)和解凍一種熔鹽溶液是如何創(chuàng)造出一種可充電電池的，這種電池可以在幾周或幾個月的時間內(nèi)廉價而高效地存儲電量。)”可知，文章主介紹了這款新型可充電電池的發(fā)明原理和其優(yōu)點是能夠長期存電。 D 項“Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage(可充電的鹽電池可冷凍能量以便長期存儲電量。)”和文章內(nèi)容相符，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D項。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Unavoidable conflicts often arise when you work on team projects. Coworkers’ differences can contrast sharply to each other, creating tension within the group. ____36____. Conflict can bring a team closer together if handled properly. Here are a few tips to help you.
____37____. When a conflict arises, it seems easy to avoid it or move forward without addressing it. However, this can lead to bigger problems in the future and might cause some team members to lose trust in the shared vision of the team. Facing the conflict head—on and getting these small disagreements out in the open can help head off future conflict.
Stop and cool off. Take a minute to think through the course of action you would like to pursue. Avoid destructive behaviors like pointing fingers, defensive attitudes or complaining behind teammates’ backs. ____38____. Going directly to the source of the conflict and discussing your issues will gain you a lot more ground in the workplace than using immoral methods.
Clarify Positions. Let everyone voice his or her opinions on the conflict and be heard. ____39____. Plus, allowing them to explain their opinions may bring more agreement and understanding from other team members. While people are explaining their viewpoints on the issue, practice active listening. Pay attention and never jump to conclusions.
Agree on a solution. Once all members explain their stands on the conflict, list out the facts and assumptions based on each position. After that, use a systematic decision—making process and work towards a solution that’s acceptable and do—able for all parties involved. ____40____
A. Try to avoid the conflict
B. Acknowledge the conflict
C. These differences are not necessarily a bad thing, though
D This tension can negatively affect the team’s performance
E. These negative behaviors cause coworkers to distrust you
F. The team can therefore move forward in agreement or at least a common understanding
G. Allowing each team member to explain his or her stand will prevent miscommunication
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. E 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。團(tuán)隊成員之間存在差異，這能造成團(tuán)隊成員發(fā)生沖突，但是如果這些沖突處理得當(dāng)，團(tuán)隊會更加緊密，文章就如何處理沖突提出一些方法。
【36題詳解】
上文“Coworkers’ differences can contrast sharply to each other, creating tension within the group.(同事之間的差異可能會形成鮮明的對比，從而在團(tuán)隊內(nèi)部制造緊張氣氛。)”提到同事之間存在差異，這會在團(tuán)隊內(nèi)制造緊張情緒，下文“Conflict can bring a team closer together if handled properly. (如果處理得當(dāng)，沖突可以使團(tuán)隊更加緊密。)”指出沖突如果處理得當(dāng)，會有一些好處，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該引起下文，同是和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然差異會造成沖突，但差異未必是壞事，因為差異所造成的沖突如果處理得當(dāng)，會有好處，C項“These differences are not necessarily a bad thing, though(不過，這些差異未必是件壞事)”符合，“These differences”代指上文提到的“Coworkers’ differences”，故選C。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空是本段小標(biāo)題，即介紹恰當(dāng)處理團(tuán)隊成員之間差異的一個方法，根據(jù)下文“When a conflict arises, it seems easy to avoid it or move forward without addressing it. However, this can lead to bigger problems in the future and might cause some team members to lose trust in the shared vision of the team. Facing the conflict head—on and getting these small disagreements out in the open can help head off future conflict.( 當(dāng)沖突發(fā)生時，似乎很容易避免它，或者不解決它就繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。但是，這可能導(dǎo)致將來出現(xiàn)更大的問題，并可能導(dǎo)致一些團(tuán)隊成員對團(tuán)隊的共同愿景失去信任。直面沖突，將這些小小的分歧公開化，有助于避免未來的沖突。)”可知，本段主要介紹當(dāng)沖突出現(xiàn)時，不能逃避沖突，而要承認(rèn)沖突，直面沖突，這樣才能避免未來的一些沖突，B項“Acknowledge the conflict(承認(rèn)沖突)”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選B。
【38題詳解】
上文“Avoid destructive behaviors like pointing fingers, defensive attitudes or complaining behind teammates’ backs.(避免破壞性的行為，如互相指責(zé)、防御性的態(tài)度或在隊友背后抱怨。)”提到一些破壞團(tuán)隊關(guān)系的行為，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出這些行為所帶來的后果，E項“These negative behaviors cause coworkers to distrust you(這些消極的行為會導(dǎo)致同事不信任你)”符合，“These negative behaviors”代指上文的“destructive behaviors like pointing fingers, defensive attitudes or complaining behind teammates’ backs”，故選E。
【39題詳解】
上文“Let everyone voice his or her opinions on the conflict and be heard. (讓每個人都表達(dá)他或她對沖突的看法，并傾聽他人。)”指出要傾聽別人，讓團(tuán)隊里的每個人都能表達(dá)自己對沖突的看法，下文“Plus, allowing them to explain their opinions may bring more agreement and understanding from other team members.(另外，允許他們解釋自己的觀點可能會得到其他團(tuán)隊成員更多的同意和理解。)”承接空前內(nèi)容，指出讓每個人表達(dá)自己觀點的好處，由plus可知，空處應(yīng)該和下文是并列關(guān)系，也是描述讓每個人表達(dá)自己觀點的好處，G項“Allowing each team member to explain his or her stand will prevent miscommunication(允許每個團(tuán)隊成員解釋他或她的立場將防止誤解)”符合，故選G。
【40題詳解】
上文“Once all members explain their stands on the conflict, list out the facts and assumptions based on each position. After that, use a systematic decision—making process and work towards a solution that’s acceptable and do—able for all parties involved.( 一旦所有成員解釋了他們對沖突的立場，列出基于每個立場的事實和假設(shè)。然后，使用一個系統(tǒng)的決策過程，并努力找到一個所有相關(guān)方都能接受和可行的解決方案。)”指出如何就解決方案達(dá)成一致，空處應(yīng)該對上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，指出這么做的結(jié)果，F(xiàn)項“The team can therefore move forward in agreement or at least a common understanding(因此，團(tuán)隊這樣可以達(dá)成一致或至少達(dá)成共識)”符合，故選F。
第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的（A、B、C和D）四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A woman, Shanon, was driving on a Georgia road when a deer suddenly came out of nowhere. Before she knew what had happened, she was ____41____. When she woke up, she found her ____42____ upside down on the road and she could ____43____ move. What she least expected was that her savior (救世主) was already on the ____44____ and ready to help. Hero, a German shepherd who ____45____ for Shanon’s life when she could not ____46____.
Hero entered the car to figure out Shanon’s ____47____. Several minutes later, Hero began to ____48____ the collar of her shirt to try to get her out of the car. He was trying and trying with all his strength. As time passed, Hero’s efforts had good ____49____. Exhausted and sweaty as he was, he ____50____ to get Shanon out of the car and take her to the road where they could find ____51____. Finally, Shanon came to herself in the hospital.
Shanon soon ____52____ that Hero was abandoned. Although she wanted to ____53____ him, she was unable to do so for some reason. ____54____, there were many who appreciated Hero’s skill and ____55____. Hero was finally adopted by a dog trainer who will train Hero to become a search and rescue dog for police officers. Bravo Hero and good luck!
Hero could have ____56____ Shanon, or he could even have helped Shanon by going towards the road to ____57____ someone. But Hero fought and used all of his strength to save Shanon. The ____58____ love that animals give us is always beyond our ____59____.
Be kind to our loyal friends and treat them equally. Only by doing so can humans and animals live ____60____.
41. A. uncomfortable B. unconscious C. asleep D. concerned
42. A. belongings B. lights C. vehicle D. brake
43. A. barely B. freely C. abruptly D. unbelievably
44. A. air B. horizon C. ground D. scene
45. A. asked B. fought C. looked D. traveled
46. A. appeared B. returned C. continued D. jumped
47. A. pain B. recovery C. situation D. target
48. A. catch B. stretch C. push D. pull
49. A. grades B. decisions C. results D. comments
50. A. managed B. tended C. attempted D. hoped
51. A. shade B. direction C. equipment D. help
52. A. remembered B. learned C. imagined D. predicted
53. A. adopt B. relieve C. buy . D. contact
54. A. Generally B. Sadly C. Consequently D. Fortunately
55. A. trick B. courage C. honesty D. energy
56. A. looked after B. played with C. walked by D. benefited by
57. A. attack B. block C. attract D. surprise
58. A. unnatural B. unconditional C. intentional D. traditional
59. A. expectation B. control. C. experience D. reach
60. A. independently B. causally C. automatically D. harmoniously
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. C 58. B 59. A 60. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Shanon開車時，突然冒出一頭鹿，這導(dǎo)致她的車發(fā)生車禍，她被困在車?yán)?，一只被遺棄的牧羊犬拼盡全力救了Shanon的故事。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她還沒來得及知道發(fā)生了什么，她就已經(jīng)失去了意識。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. unconscious無意識的；C. asleep睡著的；D. concerned有關(guān)的。由下文“When she woke up”可知，此處指她失去了意識。故選B。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她醒來的時候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車翻倒在路上，自己幾乎動彈不得。A. belongings財物；B. lights燈；C. vehicle車輛；D. brake剎車。由上文“A woman, Shanon, was driving on a Georgia road when a deer suddenly came out of nowhere.”可知，Shanon開著車，突然冒出來一只鹿，發(fā)生了車禍，所以此處指她的車輛倒在路上，故選C。
【43題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她醒來的時候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車翻倒在路上，自己幾乎動彈不得。A. barely幾乎不；B. freely自由地；C. abruptly突然地；D. unbelievably難以置信地。由上下文“When she woke up, she found her ____2_____upside down on the road and she could_____3____move.”和下段“try to get her out of the car.”可知，Shanon的車發(fā)生車禍，翻倒在路上，所以她被困在車?yán)飵缀鮿訌棽涣?，故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她最沒想到的是她的救世主已經(jīng)在現(xiàn)場準(zhǔn)備幫忙了。A. air空氣；B. horizon地平線；C. ground地面；D. scene場景；現(xiàn)場。由下文“Hero entered the car to figure out Shanon’s”可知，在事故現(xiàn)場有一個英雄來幫助Shanon，故選D。
【45題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄——一只德國牧羊犬，在Shannon沒有露面的時候為她的生命而戰(zhàn)。A. asked問；B. fought作戰(zhàn)；C. looked看；D. traveled旅行。由下文“for Shanon’s life”及最后一段“But Hero fought and used all of his strength to save Shanon.”可知，一只德國牧羊犬來幫助Shanon，拼盡全力來救她，為她的生命而戰(zhàn)，故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄——一只德國牧羊犬，在Shannon沒有露面時候為她的生命而戰(zhàn)。A. appeared出現(xiàn)；露面；B. returned返回；C. continued繼續(xù)；D. jumped跳。由上文“upside down on the road and she could _____3___move.”和下文“Hero entered the car to figure out Shanon’s ”可知，Shannon的車發(fā)生車禍，車翻倒了，她被困在車?yán)?，而牧羊犬?dāng)時在車外，并沒有看到Shannon，所以說Shannon并沒有露面，故選A。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄進(jìn)入車內(nèi)，想弄清楚Shannon的情況。A. pain疼痛；B. recovery恢復(fù)；C. situation情況；D. target目標(biāo)。由上文“Hero entered the car to figure out Shanon’s”可知，這只牧羊犬進(jìn)入車內(nèi)，是想弄清楚Shannon的情況，故選C。
【48題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，英雄開始拉她襯衫的領(lǐng)子，試圖把她從車?yán)锱鰜?。A. catch捉?。籅. stretch延伸；C. push推；D. pull拉。由下文“the collar of her shirt to try to get her out of the car.”可知，牧羊犬拉Shannon的領(lǐng)子是為了把她從車?yán)锱鰜?，故選D。
【49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，英雄的努力取得了良好的效果。A. grades年級；分?jǐn)?shù)；B. decisions決定；C. results結(jié)果；D. comments評論。由下文“to get Shanon out of the car and take her to the road...Finally, Shanon came to herself in the hospital.”可知，牧羊犬把Shannon從車?yán)锱鰜?，所以說它的努力取得了很好的結(jié)果。故選C。
【50題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管它已經(jīng)筋疲力盡，汗流浹背，它還是設(shè)法把Shannon從車?yán)锱顺鰜?，帶到了他們能夠找到援助的路上。A. managed管理；設(shè)法做到；B. tended傾向于；照顧；C. attempted試圖；D. hoped希望。由下文“Finally, Shanon came to herself in the hospital.”可知，最終Shannon得救了，由此可知，牧羊犬設(shè)法將Shannon從車?yán)锱鰜砹耍琺anage to do固定搭配，意為“設(shè)法成功做”，故選A。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管它已經(jīng)筋疲力盡，汗流浹背，它還是設(shè)法把Shannon從車?yán)锱顺鰜恚瑤У搅怂麄兡軌蛘业皆穆飞?。A. shade陰涼處；B. direction方向；C. equipment設(shè)備；D. help幫助；協(xié)助。由上文“take her to the road where they could find”可知，牧羊犬將Shannon帶到公路上，這里他們能夠得到人們的援助，故選D。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Shannon不久得知英雄是被別人拋棄了。A. remembered記?。籅. learned學(xué)習(xí)；得知；C. imagined想象；D. predicted預(yù)測。由下文“that Hero was abandoned.”可知，Shannon得知救她的英雄——牧羊犬是被別人拋棄了，故選B。
【53題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她想收養(yǎng)它，但由于某種原因她不能這樣做。A. adopt收養(yǎng)；B. relieve緩解；C. buy買；D. contact聯(lián)系。由上文“Hero was abandoned.”可知，牧羊犬被主人拋棄了，所以此處指Shannon想收養(yǎng)救了自己的它，呼應(yīng)下文“adopted”，故選A。
54題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，有很多人欣賞英雄的技巧和勇氣。A. Generally大概；B. Sadly傷心地；C. Consequently結(jié)果；D. Fortunately幸運的是。由下文“there were many who appreciated Hero’s skill...Hero was finally adopted by a dog trainer who will train Hero to become a search and rescue dog for police officers”和下文提示詞“good luck”可知，牧羊犬被主人拋棄了，但是幸運的是，有很多人欣賞它，最終它被訓(xùn)犬師收養(yǎng)，成為警察的搜救犬。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，有很多人欣賞英雄的技巧和勇氣。A. trick詭計；B. courage勇氣；C. honesty誠實；D. energy能量。由下文“Bravo Hero”和上文提到的牧羊犬救了Shannon可知，牧羊犬是很勇敢的，由此可知，此處指很多人欣賞它的技能和勇氣，故選B。
【56題詳解】
考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：英雄本可以從Shannon身邊走過，或者他甚至可以幫助Shannon走到大路上去吸引某人。A. looked after照顧；B. played with與……玩；C. walked by在……旁邊走過；D. benefited by得益于。由下文“But Hero fought and used all of his strength to save Shanon.”可知，此處是假設(shè)，牧羊犬本可以從Shannon身邊走過不管Shannon，但是它卻沒那么做，它拼盡全力救了Shannon。could have done本可以做，但實際上沒做，故選C。
【57題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄本可以從Shannon身邊走過，或者他甚至可以幫助Shannon走到大路上去吸引某人。A. attack襲擊；B. block阻擋；C. attract吸引；D. surprise使驚訝。由上文“he could even have helped Shanon by going towards the road to”可知，牧羊犬本可以走到路上去吸引某人過來救Shannon，故選C。
【58題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：動物給我們的無條件的愛總是出乎我們的意料。A. unnatural不自然的；B. unconditional無條件的；C. intentional故意的；D. traditional傳統(tǒng)的。由上文“But Hero fought and used all of his strength to save Shanon.”和下文“l(fā)ove that animals give us”可知，牧羊犬拼盡全力來救Shannon，這說明動物對我們的愛是無條件的，故選B。
【59題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：動物給我們的無條件的愛總是出乎我們的意料。A. expectation期望；B. control控制；C. experience經(jīng)驗；D. reach伸手可及的距離。由上文“beyond our”可知，此處指動物給我們愛是無條件的，這總是出乎我們的意料，beyond one’s expectation出乎某人的意料，故選A。
【60題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：只有這樣，人類和動物才能和諧相處。A. independently獨立地；B. causally隨便地；C. automatically自動地；D. harmoniously和諧地。由上文“Be kind to our loyal friends and treat them equally.”可知，我們只有善待動物，平等對待它們，這樣人類和動物才能和諧相處。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Three robotic arms work simultaneously (同時地) to cook, package, and serve food they make behind glass curtains inside ____61____ office building in Shanghai’s Changning District. After ____62____ (scan) a QR code to place an order and pay, customers get freshly—made meals.
“After the chef develops a new dish, I will transform the chef’s cooking process ____63____ a machine language,” Zhao, a mechanical design engineer says, adding that when everything is ready, the robots are able to produce ____64____ (dish) that are comparable to those ____65____ (cook) by a chef.
The robots are not only able to cook a ____66____ (diverse) of traditional Chinese dishes, such as Kung Pao chicken and dongporou, a popular pork dish, but also make a decent cup of coffee. A great deal of research ____67____ (conduct) to enable the robotic arm to accurately cover the lid (蓋子) of a coffee cup over the past few months. And the result is ____68____ (reward).
Robot chefs can work very ____69____ (effective) 24 hours a day, serving food to customers at any hour of the day, ____70____ makes the robot catering market potential in the future.
【答案】61. an 62. scanning
63. into 64. dishes
65. cooked 66. diversity
67. has been conducted
68. rewarding
69. effectively
70. which
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在上海的一家餐廳，三只機(jī)械手臂機(jī)器人能烹飪、包裝和上菜。
【61題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：在上海長寧區(qū)的一棟辦公樓里，三只機(jī)械手臂在玻璃窗簾后面同時工作——烹飪、包裝和上菜。此處表示“一所辦公大樓”，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞來修飾building，且office發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an，故填an。
【62題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：顧客掃描二維碼下訂單并付款后，就可以吃到新鮮的食物了。介詞after后應(yīng)用動名詞做賓語，故填scanning。
【63題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：機(jī)械設(shè)計工程師趙說，“在廚師開發(fā)出一道新菜之后，我將把廚師的烹飪過程轉(zhuǎn)換成一種機(jī)器語言”。他補充說，當(dāng)一切準(zhǔn)備就緒后，機(jī)器人能夠制作出與廚師烹飪水平一樣的菜肴。transform...into...是固定搭配，意為“將......轉(zhuǎn)換成......”，故填into。
【64題詳解】
考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：機(jī)械設(shè)計工程師趙說，“在廚師開發(fā)出一道新菜之后，我將把廚師的烹飪過程轉(zhuǎn)換成一種機(jī)器語言”。他補充說，當(dāng)一切準(zhǔn)備就緒后，機(jī)器人能夠制作出與廚師烹飪水平一樣的菜肴。此處應(yīng)用名詞dish(菜肴)做賓語，且空后that從句為定語從句，關(guān)系詞that指代先行詞，即空處，且由are可知，主語that，即dish應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填dishes。
【65題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：機(jī)械設(shè)計工程師趙說，“在廚師開發(fā)出一道新菜之后，我將把廚師的烹飪過程轉(zhuǎn)換成一種機(jī)器語言”。他補充說，當(dāng)一切準(zhǔn)備就緒后，機(jī)器人能夠制作出與廚師烹飪水平一樣的菜肴?？仗幨欠侵^語動詞做后置定語，修飾those，且動詞cook(烹飪)和those(那些菜肴)二者之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞cooked做后置定語，故填cooked。
【66題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這些機(jī)器人不僅能做出各種各樣的中國傳統(tǒng)菜肴，比如宮保雞丁和受歡迎的豬肉食品東坡肉，還能煮出一杯像樣的咖啡。a diversity of是固定搭配，意為“各種各樣的”，故填diversity。
【67題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾個月里，人們進(jìn)行了大量的研究，使機(jī)械臂能夠準(zhǔn)確地蓋住咖啡杯的蓋子。根據(jù)時間標(biāo)志詞over the past few months可知，研究這一動作從過去到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，且主語research和動詞conduct(進(jìn)行)二者之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，故填has been conducted。
【68題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：結(jié)果是值得的。此處用形容詞rewarding做表語，意為“值得的”，故填rewarding。
【69題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：機(jī)器人廚師可以非常有效地工作24小時，在任何時候為顧客提供食物，這使得機(jī)器人餐飲在未來有很大的市場潛力。動詞work應(yīng)用副詞effectively來修飾，意為“有效率地”，故填effectively。
【70題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：機(jī)器人廚師可以非常有效地工作24小時，在任何時候為顧客提供食物，這使得機(jī)器人餐飲在未來有很大的市場潛力?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面整個句子，且在從句中做主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)，故填which。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
71. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。
Last Sunday, it was hot. I went to countryside to help my grandparents on the farm. I got up early in the morning and packed my luggages for the trip. On the farm, I had helped pick watermelons, tomatoes, and another vegetables. Though it sounded simpler, the work required a lot of efforts. Realized how hard it was for my grandparents to work in the burning heat, I went all out to help. I share this experience with my parents when I came back home. But they were very proud of me.
Now, I deeply understand the truth what labor creates happiness. And I can hardly wait to returning to the fields.
【答案】1. countryside前加the 2. luggages→luggage 3. 刪除had 4. another→other 5. simpler→simple 6. Realized→Realizing 7. share→shared 8. But→And 9. what→that 10. returning→return



【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者上周六去農(nóng)村幫助爺爺奶奶在農(nóng)場干活的故事。
【詳解】1.考查冠詞。句意：我去農(nóng)村在農(nóng)場幫助我的爺爺奶奶。go to the countryside固定搭配，意為“去鄉(xiāng)下”，故在countryside前加the。
2.考查名詞。句意：我早上起得很早，收拾好行李準(zhǔn)備去旅行。luggage為不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將luggages改為luggage。
3.考查時態(tài)。句意：在農(nóng)場里，我?guī)兔φ鞴稀⑽骷t柿和其他蔬菜。句子描述上周六發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故刪除had。
4.考查代詞。句意：在農(nóng)場里，我?guī)兔φ鞴?、西紅柿和其它蔬菜。此處表示“其它”應(yīng)用other，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。another表示“另一個”，不合句意，故將another改為other。
5.考查形容詞。句意：雖然聽起來很簡單，但這項工作需要很多努力。此處意為“簡單的”，沒比較含義，應(yīng)用形容詞simple原級，故將simpler改為simple。
6.考查非謂語動詞。句意：我意識到我的祖父母在炎熱的天氣里工作是多么的艱難，所以我全力以赴地幫助他們。句中有謂語went，且無連詞，所以動詞realize應(yīng)用非謂語形式作狀語，動詞realize和主語I之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故將Realized改為Realizing。
7.考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我回家的時候，我和我的父母分享了這段經(jīng)歷。句子描述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，動詞share使用過去式，故將share改為shared。
8.考查連詞。句意：他們?yōu)槲腋械津湴?。句子“I share this experience with my parents when I came back home.”和句子“they were very proud of me.”是順承關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故將But改為And。
9.考查同位語從句。句意：現(xiàn)在，我深深地理解了勞動創(chuàng)造幸福的真理?！發(fā)abor creates happiness.”是解釋說明名詞truth的，是同位語從句，且從句不缺少成分，句意完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)，故將what改為that。
10.考查非謂語動詞。句意：我迫不及待地想回到田野。can hardly/cannt wait to do固定搭配，意為“等不及做……”，故將returning改為return。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
72. 在新聞上看到很多大學(xué)生在疫情期間勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任，積極為抗疫做出貢獻(xiàn)，你深受觸動。請以“Be a responsible teenager”為題寫一篇短文為你校英語報“Volunteers”欄目投稿。
內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你對大學(xué)生抗疫事跡的感受；
2. 你對高中生的建議；
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)；
2. 標(biāo)題已給出。
Be a responsible teenager
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Be a responsible teenager
The news that many college volunteers devoted themselves to the battle against COVID-19 deeply touches me. Without their selfless spirit of devotion and sacrifice, our life couldn’t have returned to normal so soon. We should follow their examples to be responsible teenagers.
First of all, it is of vital significance for us to study hard. Only with enough knowledge can we serve our country better. Besides, doing our duty independently and helping our friends and families when they need us are equally important. Last but not least, we should take an active part in voluntary work, which helps to promote our sense of social responsibility.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放作文，要求考生以“Be a responsible teenager”為題寫一篇短文為你校英語報“Volunteers”欄目投稿。內(nèi)容包括：你對大學(xué)生抗疫事跡的感受；你對高中生的建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
使感動：touch→move
非常有意義：of vital significance→very significant
此外：Besides→In addition
參加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：First of all, it is of vital significance for us to study hard.
拓展句：First of all, we should study hard, which is of vital significance.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Only with enough knowledge can we serve our country better. (運用了部分倒裝)
[高分句型2] Last but not least, we should take an active part in voluntary work, which helps to promote our sense of social responsibility. (運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)