2024屆四川省成都市教育科學(xué)研究院附屬中學(xué)高三下期二診熱身考試英語(yǔ)試題

這是一份2024屆四川省成都市教育科學(xué)研究院附屬中學(xué)高三下期二診熱身考試英語(yǔ)試題，共22頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了閱讀理解，完形填空，語(yǔ)法填空，改錯(cuò)，書(shū)信寫(xiě)作等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

一、閱讀理解
Grwing Green Thumbs
Children's Cmmunity Garden
2200 Bwling Green Ave.,940/349-2883
LEARN:Jin the weekend wrk at the cmmunity garden,where caregivers and master gardeners help kids aged 5 r lder plant and water new vegetables,and harvest frm the gardens. All harvested fds are either sld at the cmmunity's farmers' market r dnated t the area fd bank. The instructrs als lead games abut nutritin,beetles and butterflies and mre. Wrk begins in May, 10 a. m. - 5 p.m. n Saturdays.
COST:Free
Cppell Cmmunity Garden
255 Parkway Blvd,Cppell
LEARN: Kids(aged 6 but nt turning 12 befre Dec. 31 this year) with a parent can vlunteer at either the Helping Hands Garden, 25 Parkway Blvd. r Grund Delivery Garden, 45 S. Dentn Tap Rad. Children will have the pprtunity t till(耕）the grund, plant vegetables, ·harvest frm the garden and mre. Wrk begins every Saturday at abut 9 a. m.
COST:Free
Callie's Kids by Callway Nursery
Dentn,940/591-8865; Flwer Mund,972/691-2650
LEARN: Kids aged 5 t 10 years ld can explre and plant in the Callway gardens with a caregiver's supervisin at 9:30 a. m. n the first r third Wednesdays frm June t August. A garden expert will share tips and advice fr the best gardening practices during the 45-minute sessin beginning n June 2. Preregistratin nline is required.
COST:Free
1．Hw is Children's Cmmunity Garden different frm thers?
A．It is based in Dentn.
B．Kids may take harvests hme.
C．It is under supervisin thrughut the year.
D．It will cater t thse wh are fnd f insects.
2．What is the age range required by Cppell Cmmunity Garden?
A．5-8.B．5-10.C．6-11.D．6-12.
3．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A fd industry cmmitted t charity.'
B．An institutin ffering learning prgrams.
C．A supermarket ffering vluntary prgrams.
D．A website prmting kids' gardening facilities.
The persn wh set the curse f my life was a schl teacher named Marjrie Hurd. When I stepped ff a ship in New Yrk Harbr in 1949, I was a nine-year-ld war refugee, wh had lst my mther and was cming t live with the father I did nt knw. My mther, Eleni Gatzyiannis, had been imprisned and sht fr sending my sisters and me t freedm.
I was thirteen years ld when I entered Chandler Junir High. Shrtly after I arrived, I was tld t select a hbby t pursue during “club hurs”. The idea f hbbies and clubs was perplexing t my immigrant ears, but I decided t fllw the prettiest girl in my class. She led me int the presence f Miss Hurd, the schl newspaper adviser and English teacher.
A tugh wman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had n patience with lazy bnes. She drilled us in grammar, assigned stries fr us t read and discuss, and eventually taught us hw t put ut a newspaper. Her intrductin t the literary wealth f Greece gave me a new perspective n my war-trn hmeland, making me prud f my rigins. Her effrts inspired me t understand the lgic and structure f the English language. Owing t her inspiratin, during my next twenty-five years, I became a jurnalist by prfessin.
Miss Hurd retired at the age f 62. By then, she had taught fr a ttal f 41 years. Even after her retirement, she cntinually made a prject f unwilling students in whm she spied (發(fā)現(xiàn)) a spark f ptential. The students were mainly frm the mst trubled hmes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her wn special brand f tugh lve, until the spark caught fire.
Miss Hurd was the ne wh directed my grief and pain int writing. But fr Miss Hurd, I wuldn’t have becme a reprter. She was the ne wh sent me int jurnalism and indirectly caused all the gd things that came after.
4．What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A．Hbbies and clubs inspired the authr a lt.
B．The authr turned a deaf ear t jining clubs.
C．Hbbies and clubs were ppular t immigrants like the authr.
D．The authr had n idea what hbbies and clubs were all abut.
5．Which f the fllwing caused the authr t think f his hmeland differently?
A．Stepping n the American sil fr the first time.
B．Being expsed t Greek literary wrks.
C．Her mther’s unfrtunate death.
D．Fllwing the prettiest girl in his class.
6．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 4 that ________.
A．Miss Hurd emplyed a unique way t handle these students.
B．Miss Hurd’s cntributin was recgnized acrss the natin.
C．Students frm trubled hmes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching style.
D．The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Hw the authr became a jurnalist.
B．The imprtance f inspiratin in ne’s life.
C．The teacher wh shaped the authr’s life.
D．Factrs cntributing t a successful career.
I jined the cast guard because I wanted t help peple. Hvercraft (氣墊船) are rare and special. They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.
Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur. These features allw us t rescue a large number f peple quickly get nt land, and get smene int an ambulance far easier than with any ther device I can think f.
The advantages f hvercraft can als make them difficult t handle. We’ve gt a massive vehicle mving fast, smetimes in a thick fg bank up a narrw river. During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.
Peple call us fr all srts f prblems: missing divers, n-bard fires, r even when they’ve run ut f fuel r had a mechanical breakdwn. A cntainer ship culd burst int flames. We have a strng netwrk here at the base t help everyne thrugh difficult situatins like that. Thankfully, we have captains wh train us in a safe envirnment, but yu dn’t ever get fully cmfrtable. Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.
8．What makes hvercraft unsuitable fr cmmercial use?
A．Their safety risks.B．Their pr durability.C．Their lw efficiency.D．Their prductin csts.
9．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Hw a hvercraft wrks.B．What cmprises a hvercraft.
C．What distinguishes a hvercraft.D．Hw a hvercraft helps victims.
10．What challenge d hvercraft pse t the pilt?
A．They have t make faster respnses.
B．They ften face mechanical breakdwns.
C．They need mre peple fr decisin making.
D．They must cnsider the envirnmental cncerns.
11．What des the authr think f perating a hvercraft?
A．Dull.B．Demanding.C．Enjyable.D．Effrtless.
When caught in the rain, we have all run fr cver — ften t a nearby tree. On the way, we step ver shrt-lived puddles and hastily-frmed streams, surprised at hw quickly the sil changes frm supprtive and predictable t untrustwrthy: slippery, sft, and spngy. At first chance we tend t flee, skipping further bservatin.
Given that direct bservatins are ften impracticable, remte bservatin systems are crucial fr capturing phenmena that are frequent and unpredictable. Hwever, the Bimbache cmmunity f ElHierr bserved water running dwn tree bark during fg events and captured it fr drinking, washing and agriculture many years ag. If mre cntemprary hydrlgists (水文學(xué)家) had watched fg by trees, frest managers might nt have lgged (伐木) the Bull Run Watershed, which reduced lcal rainfall by 30% in 1982.
Water science faces criticism because f a “techn ptimism that tries t slve all prblems”. In fact, this issue extends beynd water science. An interdisciplinary research team led by Jhn T. VanStan frm Cleveland State University argues that scientists shuld g beynd the labratry t directly bserve weather phenmena. The researchers insist that hands-n bservatin f strm events is crucial fr cmprehending the cmplexities f wet weather.
“Natural scientists seem increasingly cntent t stay dry and rely n remte sensrs and samplers, mdels, and virtual experiments t understand natural systems. Cnsequently, we can miss imprtant strmy phenmena, imaginative inspiratins, and pprtunities t build intuitin (直覺(jué)) — all f which are critical t scientific prgress,” said Van Stan’s team.
This type f “umbrella science”, they warn, can miss imprtant lcalized events. Fr instance, in describing rainwater’s flw frm the frest treetps t the sils, the authrs nte that “if several branches efficiently capture and carry strm water t the stem, rainwater inputs t near-stem sils can be mre than100 times greater.” Likewise, water vapr (水蒸氣) cluds trapped beneath frest treetp cvers may escape remte detectin, yet be sensitive t scientists n the grund. At the brader scale, these versights can affect Grund Earth systems mdels, which ften underestimate frest treetp water strage.
Direct bservatin, hwever, has gne beynd making up fr the shrtcmings f “umbrella science.” Van Stan and clleagues see cre value in firsthand strm experiences — nt nly fr natural scientists, but als fr students studying climate change impacts n ecsystems.
12．Hw d peple tend t react t rain?
A．In a defensive manner.B．In a scientific manner.
C．With a wait-and-see attitude.D．With an bservatin- based attitude.
13．Why are the examples in paragraph 2 used?
A．T argue that direct bservatins are unachievable.
B．T prve that distance bservatin systems make sense.
C．T justify direct bservatin that is assumed unwrkable.
D．T jke abut techn ptimism that fails t slve all prblems.
14．What des Van Stan’s research team argue in terms f hands-n bservatin?
A．It is effrtless and precise.B．It is virtual and accepted.
C．It is cmplex yet time- saving.D．It is crucial yet verlked.
15．What des the authr think f the “umbrella science”?
A．It is grundbreaking.B．Its scientific values are nt nticed.
C．It is insufficient t trace eclgical events.D．It invlves research methds acrss disciplines.
Hw t Plitely Cancel Plans Over Text
Yu made plans with friends, but when it’s time t leave the huse, yu just dn’t have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can’t make it. 16 But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.
◆Text them as sn as pssible.
That way, yur friends can rearrange their schedules. If yu knw yu cannt make it, try t text a day ahead f time. Otherwise, yur friends might be annyed abut the incnvenience. If there’s an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that’s fine. 17
◆Be hnest abut yur situatin.
18 If yu’ve encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu’re telling the truth. Just say things like: “I ran int an issue at wrk.” r “I’m dealing with sme family prblems.”
◆Ask if yu can reschedule.
Instead f saying “Let’s hang ut sn!”, pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu’re serius. 19 Try t include this in yur riginal message s they knw what yu’re ding right away, and make sure it’s a plan yu can stick t s yu dn’t have t cancel again.
◆ 20
Add in ne mre nice thing t make a cmpliment (贊美) sandwich. After yu tell yur friends yu have t cancel and aplgize, let them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.
A．Start with yur appreciatin.
B．Thank them fr inviting yu ut.
C．Let them knw hw urgent the situatin is.
D．There’s n need t lie abut what’s ging n.
E．It shws that yu aren’t just blwing them ff.
F．Otherwise, yu shuld try t cancel ahead f time.
G．Whatever the case is, cancelling plans can be annying.
二、完形填空
Nt t lng ag, an incident that happened at Walt Disney tuched me greatly. A guest 21 f ur Plynesian Village resrt (度假勝地) at Walt Disney was asked hw she 22 her visit. She tld the frnt-desk clerk she had a (n) 23 vacatin, but was heartbrken abut 24 several rlls f Kdak clr film she had nt yet 25 . At the mment she was particularly 26 ver the lss f the pictures she had sht at ur Plynesian Luau, 27 this was a memry she especially treasured.
Nw, please understand that we have n written service rules 28 lst phts in the park. 29 , the clerk at the frnt desk 30 Disney’s idea f caring fr ur 31 . She asked the wman t leave her a cuple rlls f 32 film, prmising she wuld take care f the rest f ur shw at Plynesian Luau.
Tw weeks later the guest received a 33 at her hme. In it were phts f all the actrs f ur shw, 34 signed by each perfrmer. There were als 35 f the public prcessing (游行隊(duì)伍) and firewrks in the park, taken by the frnt-desk clerk in her wn 36 after wrk. I happened t knw this 37 because this guest wrte us a letter. She said that 38 in her life had she received such gd service frm any business.
Excellent 39 des nt cme frm plicy handbks. It cmes frm peple wh 40 and frm a culture that encurages and mdels that attitude.
21．A．wrking utB．checking utC．making useD．taking charge
22．A．enjyedB．realizedC．paidD．expected
23．A．uncmfrtableB．wnderfulC．disappintingD．significant
24．A．drppingB．takingC．breakingD．lsing
25．A．develpedB．takenC．ladedD．washed
26．A．sillyB．nervusC．upsetD．calm
27．A．whereB．whenC．a(chǎn)sD．which
28．A．keepingB．findingC．makingD．cvering
29．A．ExcitedlyB．SadlyC．FrtunatelyD．Quietly
30．A．understdB．trustedC．remindedD．discvered
31．A．guestsB．wrkersC．managersD．clerks
32．A．printedB．shtC．recrdedD．unused
33．A．filmB．cardC．packetD．camera
34．A．frequentlyB．persnallyC．a(chǎn)ctuallyD．gently
35．A．rulesB．perfrmancesC．handbksD．pictures
36．A．caseB．wrkC．timeD．psitin
37．A．placeB．stryC．phtD．shw
38．A．nlyB．a(chǎn)lmstC．neverD．nearly
39．A．a(chǎn)dviceB．experienceC．qualityD．service
40．A．serveB．careC．likeD．knw
三、語(yǔ)法填空
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The year 2023 witnessed the significant prtectin plan released fr Beijing’s Central Axis ( 軸 線), 41 (stretch) fr 7.8 kilmeters thrugh the Chinese capital. Wrld-famus landmarks like the Frbidden City, Tian’anmen Square, the Temple f Heaven are lcated alng the central axis, 42 cnstructin began in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) and 43 (last) until the Ming and Qing dynasties.
The prtectin plan fr Beijing’s Central Axis frm 2022 t 2035 was released in January f 2023, marking 44 new stage in its cnservatin, sustainable develpment and applicatin as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site.
The plan is said t be ne f the necessary steps fr UNESCO Wrld Heritage status, and 45 (it) release and implementatin (實(shí)施) will play an imprtant rle in the prtectin and 46 (manage) f the capital’s central axis.
Alngside regulatins n the prtectin f the Central Axis 47 (carry) ut earlier, the plan is in line with the requirements f Wrld Heritage cnservatin and prvides an effective strategy 48 the cnservatin.
The 21 member cuntries f the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee will decide n whether Beijing’s Central Axis can 49 (add) t the Wrld Heritage List at the cmmittee’s 46th annual cnference in 2024. 50 the applicatin succeeds, it will reinfrce Beijing’s tp psitin amng cities wrldwide by number f Wrld Heritage Sites.
四、改錯(cuò)
51．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文， 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤， 每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Gd mrning, everyne! It is my great hnur t be here t share with yu my pinins n hw t learn well in schl.
Firstly, we shuld learn t learn efficient. Persnally, I used t trying effective methd t achieve my academic gals. Develp a gd habit is als f imprtance. It really benefited me a lt f t preview lessns, get actively invlved in class, and review what have been taught after class. In additin, we shuld learn hw t get alng well with thers peple. In schl, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates. It was with sincere and faithfulness that we created a harmnius atmsphere. Finally, we shuld take part in sprts and utdr activities frequently, that were really helpful t build up ur bdy and enrich ur schl life.
N pains, n gains. I am sure that with yur great effrts, yu will enjy clrful and meaningful life here.
五、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作
52．假定你是高三學(xué)生李華，你的好朋友 Mary在來(lái)信中談到她最近參加的志愿者活動(dòng)，并問(wèn)及你參與過(guò)的一次志愿者活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你給她寫(xiě)一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1.該志愿活動(dòng)的過(guò)程；
2.你的活動(dòng)感受。
注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右；
2.開(kāi)頭可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。
Dear Mary,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
參考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．B
【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了三個(gè)適合孩子們的園藝課程。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Children's Cmmunity Garden中的“The instructrs als lead games abut nutritin, beetles and butterflies and mre.(教師還組織有關(guān)營(yíng)養(yǎng)、甲蟲(chóng)和蝴蝶等的游戲) ”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)適合喜歡昆蟲(chóng)的那些孩子，不同于其他課程。故選D。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cppell Cmmunity Garden中的“Kids(aged 6 but nt turning 12 befre Dec.31 this year) with a parent can vlunteer(孩子（6歲——但在今年12月31日前不滿12歲）可以有父母陪同來(lái)做志愿者)” 可知，這門(mén)課程要求孩子的年齡是六到十一歲。故選C。
3．推斷判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了給不同年齡層次的孩子提供的園藝課程。因此推斷文章來(lái)自提供學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃的機(jī)構(gòu)。故選B。
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了老師Marjrie Hurd如何通過(guò)教育和激勵(lì)，引導(dǎo)作者走向新聞事業(yè)，轉(zhuǎn)變了他的人生。
4．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線所在句子的后半句話“but I decided t fllw the prettiest girl in my class(但我決定跟隨班上最漂亮的女孩)”可知，對(duì)于新轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)過(guò)來(lái)的作者來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)愛(ài)好和俱樂(lè)部毫無(wú)概念，只是決定跟隨班上最漂亮的女孩去做。所以劃線所在的句子意為“作者完全不知道愛(ài)好和俱樂(lè)部是什么”。故選D。
5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Her intrductin t the literary wealth f Greece gave me a new perspective n my war-trn hmeland, making me prud f my rigins. Her effrts inspired me t understand the lgic and structure f the English language. Owing t her inspiratin, during my next twenty-five years, I became a jurnalist by prfessin.(她對(duì)希臘文學(xué)財(cái)富的介紹讓我對(duì)飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的祖國(guó)有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)，讓我為自己的出身感到自豪。她的努力激勵(lì)我理解英語(yǔ)的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)。由于她的啟發(fā)，在接下來(lái)的25年里，我成為了一名職業(yè)記者)”可知，接觸到希臘文學(xué)作品使作者對(duì)祖國(guó)有了不同的看法。故選B。
6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Miss Hurd retired at the age f 62. By then, she had taught fr a ttal f 41 years. Even after her retirement, she cntinually made a prject f unwilling students in whm she spied (發(fā)現(xiàn)) a spark f ptential.The students were mainly frm the mst trubled hmes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her wn special brand f tugh lve, until the spark caught fire.(赫德62歲退休。到那時(shí)，她已經(jīng)教了41年書(shū)了。即使在退休后，她也不斷地讓她發(fā)現(xiàn)的那些不情愿的學(xué)生成為潛在的火花。這些學(xué)生主要來(lái)自最困難的家庭，但她時(shí)而欺負(fù)他們，時(shí)而用她特有的堅(jiān)韌之愛(ài)迷住他們，直到火花點(diǎn)燃)”可推知，Hurd老師運(yùn)用了獨(dú)特的方法來(lái)對(duì)待這些學(xué)生，激發(fā)他們內(nèi)在的潛力。故選A。
7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“The persn wh set the curse f my life was a schl teacher named Marjrie Hurd. When I stepped ff a ship in New Yrk Harbr in 1949, I was a nine-year-ld war refugee, wh had lst my mther and was cming t live with the father I did nt knw. My mther, Eleni Gatzyiannis, had been imprisned and sht fr sending my sisters and me t freedm.(決定我人生方向的人是一位名叫馬喬里·赫德的學(xué)校老師。1949年，當(dāng)我在紐約港下船時(shí)，我是一名9歲的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)難民，我失去了母親，要和我不認(rèn)識(shí)的父親住在一起。我的母親Eleni Gatzyiannis因送我和我的姐妹們走向自由而被監(jiān)禁和槍殺)”可知，本文主要講述了老師Marjrie Hurd如何通過(guò)教育和激勵(lì)，引導(dǎo)作者走向新聞事業(yè)，轉(zhuǎn)變了他的人生。故選C。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹作者在海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)使用氣墊船的體驗(yàn)。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.(它們?cè)诖蠖鄶?shù)商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)中都已停產(chǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊闹圃斐杀咎?，但在搜救方面，它們是無(wú)價(jià)的。)”可知，氣墊船的生產(chǎn)成本使氣墊船不適合商業(yè)使用。故選D項(xiàng)。
9．主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur.(從遠(yuǎn)處看，氣墊船就像一艘普通的船。但如果你從它的裙子下面看，這艘船并沒(méi)有碰到水——它漂浮在氣墊上。這種緩沖墊可以讓我們穿越從水到泥濘的土地的一切，甚至可以破冰。我們完成所有這些工作正如一臺(tái)70噸重的機(jī)器那樣，最高時(shí)速接近120公里。)”以及后文可知，本段主要介紹氣墊船的與眾不同之處。故選C項(xiàng)。
10．推理判斷題。由文章第三段“During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.(在其它海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)船只上執(zhí)行任務(wù)時(shí)，我有20分鐘的時(shí)間進(jìn)行改變航線，以避免發(fā)生撞擊事故。在氣墊船上，我有10秒的時(shí)間。你必須有足夠的情境意識(shí)，才能每次都做出正確的決定。)”可知，氣墊船駕駛員必須做出更快的反應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
11．推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.(任何事情都可能使氣墊船偏離——也許你的升力設(shè)置有點(diǎn)偏離，或者風(fēng)吹得有點(diǎn)重。在操作氣墊船幾年后，我仍在學(xué)習(xí)。這里的每一位隊(duì)長(zhǎng)都同意：你可以駕駛這輛車20年，但仍然會(huì)感到驚訝。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為操作氣墊船是要求很高的。故選B項(xiàng)。
12．A 13．C 14．D 15．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要通過(guò)人們躲雨的行為，說(shuō)明了遠(yuǎn)程觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)于捕捉頻繁和不可預(yù)測(cè)的現(xiàn)象至關(guān)重要。進(jìn)而論證了直接觀察對(duì)于科學(xué)研究的重要作用。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“When caught in the rain, we have all run fr cver — ften t a nearby tree. On the way, we step ver shrt-lived puddles and hastily-frmed streams, surprised at hw quickly the sil changes frm supprtive and predictable t untrustwrthy: slippery, sft, and spngy. At first chance we tend t flee, skipping further bservatin.(下雨的時(shí)候，我們都會(huì)跑去躲雨——通常是跑到附近的一棵樹(shù)上。在路上，我們跨過(guò)了短暫的水坑和倉(cāng)促形成的溪流，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤是如此迅速地從支持和可預(yù)測(cè)變成不可靠：滑，軟，海綿狀。一有機(jī)會(huì)，我們往往會(huì)逃跑，跳過(guò)進(jìn)一步的觀察)”可知，下雨時(shí)人們會(huì)迅速躲避，以防御、預(yù)防的方式對(duì)待下雨。故選A。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Given that direct bservatins are ften impracticable, remte bservatin systems are crucial fr capturing phenmena that are frequent and unpredictable. Hwever, the Bimbache cmmunity f ElHierr bserved water running dwn tree bark during fg events and captured it fr drinking, washing and agriculture many years ag. If mre cntemprary hydrlgists (水文學(xué)家) had watched fg by trees, frest managers might nt have lgged (伐木) the Bull Run Watershed, which reduced lcal rainfall by 30% in 1982.(鑒于直接觀測(cè)往往不可行，遠(yuǎn)程觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)于捕捉頻繁和不可預(yù)測(cè)的現(xiàn)象至關(guān)重要。然而，ElHierr的Bimbache社區(qū)在霧事件期間觀察到水從樹(shù)上流下，并在許多年前將其捕獲用于飲用，洗滌和農(nóng)業(yè)。如果當(dāng)時(shí)有更多的水文學(xué)家觀察樹(shù)木產(chǎn)生的霧氣，森林管理者可能就不會(huì)砍伐布爾朗流域的樹(shù)木了，這導(dǎo)致1982年當(dāng)?shù)亟涤炅繙p少了30%)”可知，使用第2段中的例子是為了證明被認(rèn)為不可行的直接觀察是正確的。故選C。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The researchers insist that hands-n bservatin f strm events is crucial fr cmprehending the cmplexities f wet weather.(研究人員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，親自觀察風(fēng)暴事件對(duì)于理解潮濕天氣的復(fù)雜性至關(guān)重要)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Cnsequently, we can miss imprtant strmy phenmena, imaginative inspiratins, and pprtunities t build intuitin (直覺(jué)) — all f which are critical t scientific prgress(因此，我們可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)重要的風(fēng)暴現(xiàn)象、富有想象力的靈感和建立直覺(jué)的機(jī)會(huì)——所有這些對(duì)科學(xué)進(jìn)步都至關(guān)重要)”可知，范斯坦的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)親自觀察是至關(guān)重要的，但被忽視了。故選D。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This type f “umbrella science”, they warn, can miss imprtant lcalized events.(他們警告說(shuō)，這種“保護(hù)傘科學(xué)”可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)重要的局部事件)”以及“At the brader scale, these versights can affect Grund Earth systems mdels, which ften underestimate frest treetp water strage.(在更廣泛的范圍內(nèi)，這些疏忽可能會(huì)影響地面系統(tǒng)模型，這些模型往往低估了森林樹(shù)梢的儲(chǔ)水量)”可知，作者認(rèn)為“保護(hù)傘科學(xué)”在追蹤生態(tài)事件上是不夠的。故選C。
16．G 17．F 18．D 19．E 20．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章就如何禮貌地通過(guò)短信取消計(jì)劃給出了一些建議。
16．空處上文“Yu made plans with friends, but when it’s time t leave the huse, yu just dn’t have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can’t make it.(你和朋友制定了計(jì)劃，但當(dāng)要離開(kāi)家的時(shí)候，你就是沒(méi)有精力?；蛘?，可能有其他事情發(fā)生，而你無(wú)法做到。)”提到了一些你需要取消計(jì)劃的情況，空處下文“But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.(但只要有一些小技巧，你就可以禮貌地做到這一點(diǎn)。)”提到有一些小技巧可以幫助有禮貌地取消計(jì)劃。由此可知，本空應(yīng)是承上啟下句，指出計(jì)劃取消可能會(huì)給人帶來(lái)困擾，進(jìn)而引出下文對(duì)于“禮貌地取消計(jì)劃的方法”的介紹，G項(xiàng)“Whatever the case is, cancelling plans can be annying.(不管是什么情況，取消計(jì)劃都很煩人。)”說(shuō)明取消計(jì)劃會(huì)很煩人，承上啟下，其中的the case指的是上文提到的情況，因此G選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。
17．根據(jù)本段的主旨句“◆Text them as sn as pssible.(盡快給他們發(fā)短信。)”可知，本段提出的建議是“盡快給他們發(fā)短信”，根據(jù)空處上文“That way, yur friends can rearrange their schedules.(這樣，你的朋友可以重新安排他們的日程。)”和“If there’s an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that’s fine.(如果有緊急情況，你不得不在最后一刻取消計(jì)劃，那也沒(méi)關(guān)系。)”可知，這樣做的目的是讓朋友們有時(shí)間重新安排日程，以避免給他們帶來(lái)不便和困擾，除非你有緊急情況，不得不在最后一刻取消安排，否則都應(yīng)該盡快給朋友發(fā)短信。F項(xiàng)“Otherwise, yu shuld try t cancel ahead f time.(否則, 你應(yīng)該盡量提前取消。)”說(shuō)明了要盡量提前取消，再次與本段的段落小標(biāo)題相呼應(yīng)，其中，ahead f time與the last minute相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
18．根據(jù)本段的主旨句“◆Be hnest abut yur situatin.(誠(chéng)實(shí)面對(duì)自己的處境。)”可知，本段提出的建議是“誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)明自己的情況”。根據(jù)空處下文“If yu’ve encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu’re telling the truth.(如果你的日程安排發(fā)生了變化，直接告訴他們是什么。如果你的朋友知道你說(shuō)的是實(shí)話，他們會(huì)更加理解你。)”可知，如果你的日程發(fā)生了變化，只需告訴朋友實(shí)情，這樣能夠建立更好的信任關(guān)系，并且朋友會(huì)更理解你的決定。D 項(xiàng)“There’s n need t lie abut what’s ging n.(沒(méi)有必要對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情撒謊。)”說(shuō)明了要說(shuō)出實(shí)情，符合此處的語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的lie abut what’s ging n與上文中的telling the truth相呼應(yīng)。故選D。
19．根據(jù)本段的主旨句“◆Ask if yu can reschedule.(詢問(wèn)是否可以重新安排時(shí)間。)”可知，本段提出的建議是“詢問(wèn)你們是否可以重新約時(shí)間”。根據(jù)空處上文“Instead f saying “Let’s hang ut sn!”, pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu’re serius.(與其說(shuō)“我們快點(diǎn)出去玩吧!”，選擇一個(gè)新的時(shí)間，這樣你的朋友就知道你是認(rèn)真的。)”可知，詢問(wèn)朋友是否可以重新約時(shí)間可以顯示出自己的誠(chéng)意和重視，且有助于朋友建立朋友對(duì)你的信任，并使他們更愿意與你重新安排時(shí)間。E 項(xiàng)“It shws that yu aren’t just blwing them ff.(這表明你并不只是敷衍他們。)”說(shuō)明了重新約時(shí)間表明你沒(méi)有敷衍他們，而是認(rèn)真的，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
20．空處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)et them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.(讓他們知道你有多感激他們和你一起制定計(jì)劃。這會(huì)讓他們放心，你喜歡和他們?cè)谝黄?，這甚至可以幫助你減少罪惡感。)”可知，本段的建議是，在告訴朋友你需要取消計(jì)劃并道歉之后，你要向朋友表達(dá)感謝，B項(xiàng)“Thank them fr inviting yu ut.(謝謝他們邀請(qǐng)你外出。)”說(shuō)明了要對(duì)朋友表示感激，能夠準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)本段的觀點(diǎn)，因此可作為本段小標(biāo)題。故選B。
21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一名迪士尼員工為游客提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)的感人經(jīng)歷。
21．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一位客人在華特迪士尼的波利尼西亞鄉(xiāng)村度假勝地退房時(shí)，被問(wèn)及她對(duì)這次游覽有何感想。A. wrking ut鍛煉；B. checking ut退房；C. making use使用；D. taking charge負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)下文“this was a memry she especially treasured”以及“Tw weeks later the guest received a ____13____ at her hme.”可知，訪問(wèn)結(jié)束時(shí)，客人會(huì)進(jìn)行退房。故選B。
22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一位客人在華特迪士尼的波利尼西亞鄉(xiāng)村度假勝地退房時(shí)，被問(wèn)及她對(duì)這次游覽有何感想。A. enjyed享受；B. realized意識(shí)到；C. paid支付；D. expected期待。根據(jù)上文的A guest可知，作為客人，在她離開(kāi)度假村時(shí)，被員工詢問(wèn)是否享受了這次假期。故選A。
23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴前臺(tái)接待員度過(guò)了美好的假期，但因丟失尚未沖洗的幾卷柯達(dá)膠卷而傷心。A. uncmfrtable不舒服的；B. wnderful美妙的；C. disappinting令人失望的；D. significant重要的。根據(jù)后面的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but以及下文“this was a memry she especially treasured”可知，她在這里度過(guò)了愉快且美妙的假期。故選B。
24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴前臺(tái)接待員度過(guò)了美好的假期，但因丟失尚未沖洗的幾卷柯達(dá)膠卷而傷心。A. drpping掉落；B. taking拿走，拍攝；C. breaking打破；D. lsing丟失。根據(jù)空前的heartbrken以及下文中的“l(fā)st phts in the park”可知，這位客人因丟失膠卷而傷心。故選D。
25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴前臺(tái)接待員度過(guò)了美好的假期，但因丟失尚未沖洗的幾卷柯達(dá)膠卷而傷心。A. develped沖洗；B. taken拍攝；C. laded裝載；D. washed洗。根據(jù)空前的“several rlls f Kdak clr film she had nt yet”可知，此處指尚未沖洗的照片膠卷。故選A。
26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此刻，她對(duì)在我們波利尼西亞盧拍攝的照片丟失感到特別難過(guò)，因?yàn)檫@是她特別珍視的回憶。A. silly愚蠢的；B. nervus緊張的；C. upset難過(guò)的；D. calm冷靜的。根據(jù)上文“but was heartbrken abut ____4____ several rlls f Kdak clr film she had nt yet ____5____.”可知，她丟失了未沖洗的膠卷，也就意味著對(duì)丟失了她美好的回憶，所以客人感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)難過(guò)。故選C。
27．考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：此刻，她對(duì)在我們波利尼西亞盧拍攝的照片丟失感到特別難過(guò)，因?yàn)檫@是她特別珍視的回憶。A. where哪里；B. when何時(shí)；C. as因?yàn)椋籇. which哪一個(gè)。根據(jù)空后“this was a memry she especially treasured”可知，她丟掉膠卷難過(guò)的原因是這是她特別珍視的回憶，所以前后為因果關(guān)系，as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)理解我們并沒(méi)有關(guān)于公園內(nèi)遺失照片的服務(wù)規(guī)則。A. keeping保存；B. finding查找；C. making制作；D. cvering包含。根據(jù)空前“we have n written service rules”可知，現(xiàn)在公園內(nèi)沒(méi)有包括處理丟失照片的服務(wù)規(guī)則。故選D。
29．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這名前臺(tái)接待員理解迪士尼對(duì)待客人的理念。A. Excitedly興奮地；B. Sadly遺憾地；C. Frtunately幸運(yùn)地；D. Quietly安靜地。根據(jù)下文“prmising she wuld take care f the rest f ur shw at Plynesian Luau”可知，這里在員工采取了積極的行為，所以這是幸運(yùn)的事。故選C。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這名前臺(tái)接待員理解迪士尼對(duì)待客人的理念。A. understd理解；B. trusted信任；C. reminded提醒；D. discvered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“prmising she wuld take care f the rest f ur shw at Plynesian Luau”可知，這位員工理解迪士尼對(duì)待客人的理念，所以采取了相應(yīng)行動(dòng)。故選A。
31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這名前臺(tái)接待員理解迪士尼對(duì)待客人的理念。A. guests客人；B. wrkers工人；C. managers經(jīng)理；D. clerks店員。根據(jù)上文A guest以及下文“She asked the wman t leave her a cuple rlls f ____12____ film, prmising she wuld take care f the rest f ur shw at Plynesian Luau.”可知，這位女士是迪士尼的一名客人，所以此處指前臺(tái)接待員理解迪士尼對(duì)待客人的理念。故選A。
32．查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她請(qǐng)這位女士留下幾卷未使用的膠卷，并承諾會(huì)幫她拍下我們波利尼西亞盧奧舞會(huì)的其余部分。A. printed已打印的；B. sht已拍攝的；C. recrded已記錄的；D. unused未使用的。根據(jù)上文“but was heartbrken abut ____4____ several rlls f Kdak clr film she had nt yet ____5____”以及下文“In it were phts f all the actrs f ur shw”可知，這位客人丟失了一卷未沖洗的膠卷，所以此處是請(qǐng)求她留下未使用的膠卷，來(lái)為她拍攝照片。故選D。
33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩周后，客人在家里收到了一個(gè)包裹。A. film膠卷；B. card卡片；C. packet包裹；D. camera相機(jī)。根據(jù)下文“In it were phts f all the actrs f ur shw,____14____ signed by each perfrmer. There were als ____15____ f the public prcessing (游行隊(duì)伍) and firewrks in the park, taken by the frnt-desk clerk in her wn ____16____ after wrk.”可知，這位客人兩周后收到一個(gè)包裹，里面是一些照片。故選C。
34．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：里面裝有我們演出的所有演員的照片，并且每一張都有演員的親筆簽名。A. frequently常常；B. persnally親自地；C. actually實(shí)際上；D. gently輕輕地。根據(jù)空后“signed by each perfrmer”可知，此處代指表演者的親筆簽名。故選B。
35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：還有一些照片是前臺(tái)服務(wù)員在下班后親自拍攝的游行隊(duì)伍和公園里的煙花表演。A. rules規(guī)則；B. perfrmances表演；C. handbks手冊(cè)；D. pictures照片。根據(jù)下文“taken by the frnt-desk clerk”可知，包裹里還有一些前臺(tái)服務(wù)員親自拍攝的照片。故選D。
36．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：還有一些照片是前臺(tái)服務(wù)員在下班后親自拍攝的游行隊(duì)伍和公園里的煙花表演。A. case情況；B. wrk工作；C. time時(shí)間；D. psitin職位。根據(jù)空后“after wrk”可知，下班后屬于自己的私人時(shí)間。故選C。
37．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我恰好知道這個(gè)故事是因?yàn)檫@位客人給我們寫(xiě)了一封信。A. place地方；B. stry故事；C. pht照片；D. shw表演。根據(jù)下文“She said that ____18____ in her life had she received such gd service frm any business.”可知，這位客人給作者寫(xiě)信告訴了他這件事，所以此處指他知道這個(gè)故事是因?yàn)橐环庑?。故選B。
38．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)在她的生活中從未有哪個(gè)企業(yè)能提供如此好的服務(wù)。A. nly只有；B. almst幾乎；C. never從未；D. nearly幾乎。根據(jù)空后“she received such gd service frm any business.”可知，這位客人在信中說(shuō)她在生活中從未享受過(guò)這樣服務(wù)，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)從未得到過(guò)的服務(wù)。故選C。
39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)不是來(lái)自于政策手冊(cè)。A. advice建議；B. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；C. quality質(zhì)量；D. service服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“she received such gd service frm any business”可知，這里指優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)不是來(lái)自政策手冊(cè)。故選D。
40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它是來(lái)自于關(guān)心他人的人們以及鼓勵(lì)并展示這種態(tài)度的文化。A. serve服務(wù)；B. care關(guān)心；C. like喜歡；D. knw知道。根據(jù)后文“and frm a culture that encurages and mdels that attitude”和全文語(yǔ)境可知，員工用自己的行動(dòng)關(guān)心每一位客人，讓客人感受到了良好的服務(wù)。故選B。
41．stretching 42．whse 43．lasted 44．a(chǎn) 45．its 46．management 47．carried 48．fr 49．be added 50．If
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹北京中軸線的相關(guān)情況。
41． 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2023年，北京中軸線發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)重要的保護(hù)計(jì)劃，全長(zhǎng)7.8公里。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞stretch是被修飾的名詞Beijing’s Central Axis主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示主動(dòng)。故填stretching。
42．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：紫禁城、天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)、天壇等世界著名地標(biāo)位于中軸線沿線，它始建于元代，一直延續(xù)到明清時(shí)期。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the central axis，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞cnstructin，用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。故填whse。
43．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：見(jiàn)第2題詳解。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，cnstructin與last為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，這句話描述的是過(guò)去的事情，謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填lasted。
44．考查冠詞。句意：北京中軸線2022年至2035年保護(hù)規(guī)劃于2023年1月發(fā)布，標(biāo)志著北京中軸線保護(hù)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展和申報(bào)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)進(jìn)入一個(gè)新階段。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要不定冠詞，表示泛指，“一個(gè)”的意思，修飾后面的名詞stage，new以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用a。故填a。
45．考查代詞。句意：該計(jì)劃被認(rèn)為是獲得聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地位的必要步驟之一，其發(fā)布和實(shí)施將對(duì)首都中軸線的保護(hù)和管理發(fā)揮重要作用。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要形容詞性物主代詞，修飾后面的名詞短語(yǔ)release and implementatin。故填its。
46．考查名詞。句意：見(jiàn)第5題詳解。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要名詞，作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，management表“管理”，為不可數(shù)名詞，符合句意。故填management。
47．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：除了早先實(shí)施的中軸線保護(hù)條例外，該計(jì)劃符合世界遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的要求，并為保護(hù)提供了有效的戰(zhàn)略。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查非謂語(yǔ)，這里的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)carry ut和被修飾的名詞regulatins是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式，表示被動(dòng)，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填carried。
48．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：見(jiàn)第7題詳解。分析句子可知，這里考查prvide sth fr sb表“為某人提供某物”，為固定搭配。故填fr。
49． 考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)的21個(gè)成員國(guó)將在2024年的第46屆年會(huì)上決定是否將北京中軸線列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)add t和句子主語(yǔ)Beijing’s Central Axis是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，空格前面是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，后面用動(dòng)詞原形。故填be added。
50．考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果申請(qǐng)成功，北京的世界遺產(chǎn)數(shù)量將在全球城市中名列前茅。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句，if表“如果”，符合句意，且句首時(shí)首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)f。
51．1 efficient→efficiently 2 trying→try 3 methd→methds 4 Develp→Develping 5 lt后f刪掉 6 have→had 7 thers→ther 8 sincere→sincerity 9 that→which 10 enjy后加a
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在學(xué)校中如何有效學(xué)習(xí)、與人相處及豐富生活的方法。
【詳解】1.考查副詞。句意：首先，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)高效學(xué)習(xí)。需要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞learn，efficient為形容詞，其副詞形式為efficiently“高效地”。故將efficient改成efficiently。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：就我個(gè)人而言，我過(guò)去常常嘗試有效的方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)我的學(xué)術(shù)目標(biāo)。used t d sth.“過(guò)去常常做某事”。故將trying改成try。
3.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：就我個(gè)人而言，我過(guò)去常常嘗試有效的方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)我的學(xué)術(shù)目標(biāo)。句中的methd為可數(shù)名詞“方法”。此處需要該詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故將methd改成methds。
4.考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣也很重要。本句話需要?jiǎng)用~作主語(yǔ)。故將Develp改成Develping。
5.考查固定搭配。句意：預(yù)習(xí)課程、積極參與課堂、課后復(fù)習(xí)所教內(nèi)容對(duì)我真的很有幫助。a lt f“許多”，后面接名詞。此處需要修飾動(dòng)詞benefited，所以將f去掉，變成a lt。故將f去掉。
6.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：預(yù)習(xí)課程、積極參與課堂、課后復(fù)習(xí)所教內(nèi)容對(duì)我真的很有幫助。review后面接what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞benefited可知，主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。故將have變成had。
7.考查形容詞。句意：此外，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何與他人相處融洽。thers為代詞“其他人”，后面不接名詞，單獨(dú)使用。此處需要形容詞ther“其他的”，修飾后面的名詞peple。故將thers改成ther。
8.考查名詞。句意：我們以真誠(chéng)和忠誠(chéng)創(chuàng)造了和諧的氛圍。with后面接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。sincere為形容詞，其名詞形式為sincerity“真誠(chéng)”，和faithfulness并列作賓語(yǔ)。故將sincere改成sincerity。
9.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：最后，我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)和戶外活動(dòng)，這確實(shí)有助于鍛煉我們的身體，豐富我們的學(xué)校生活。本句話的逗號(hào)后面為定語(yǔ)從句。所以此處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的一整句，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，只能用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)該從句。故將that改成which。
10.考查冠詞。句意：我相信，在你的努力下，你會(huì)在這里享受豐富多彩、有意義的生活。enjy a clrful and meaningful life“享受豐富多彩、有意義的生活”。故在enjy后加a。
52．Dear Mary,
Delighted t knw that yu enjyed yur vlunteer activity a lt, I am writing t share with yu what I cntributed t my cmmunity.
During the Spring Festival, I applied t assist passengers in the railway statin with my classmates. Arranged t different psitins, we were engaged in helping them have their tickets and luggage checked thrugh the security check prt. When necessary, I als lent a hand t thse wh have difficulty carrying their luggage dwn the steps t the parking lt.
With my service finished, I felt exhausted but extremely satisfied. It was the smile n the passengers’ faces and my heartfelt happiness that made this experience wrthwhile.
Lking frward t mre f yur stries. Best wishes!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給好朋友 Mary回信，分享自己最近參加的志愿者活動(dòng)。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興的：delighted→glad
做某事有困難：have difficulty ding sth.→have truble ding sth.
疲憊：exhausted→tired
滿足的：satisfied→cntent
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：With my service finished, I felt exhausted but extremely satisfied.
拓展句：After my service was finished, I felt exhausted but extremely satisfied.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Delighted t knw that yu enjyed yur vlunteer activity a lt, I am writing t share with yu what I cntributed t my cmmunity. (運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] When necessary, I als lent a hand t thse wh have difficulty carrying their luggage dwn the steps t the parking lt. (運(yùn)用了wh引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)
題號(hào)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
C
B
D
B
A
C
D
C
A
題號(hào)
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
A
C
D
C
G
F
D
E
B
題號(hào)
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
B
A
B
D
A
C
C
D
C
A
題號(hào)
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
答案
A
D
C
B
D
C
B
C
D
B