四川省綿陽南山中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期二診熱身考試（2）英語試題含答案

這是一份四川省綿陽南山中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期二診熱身考試（2）英語試題含答案，共24頁。試卷主要包含了 What are Dr等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
?四川省綿陽南山中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期二診熱身考試（2）英語試題
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

第一部分、閱讀理解
A lover of hiking? Then you must know the best hiking trails in some states.
Alaska: Winner Greek Trail
This northern state has many choices for hikes, and the family-friendly Winner Greek Trail pleases everyone who visits. Located 45 minutes south of Anchorage, the most popular part is Lower Winner Creek, a bike-friendly path through Alaska’s rainforest setting.
Arkansas: Lost Valley in the Buffalo River Wilderness District
You’ll see lots of pretty sights on the journey through Lost Valley in the Buffalo River Wilderness District. It’s a journey just over two miles round-trip, which means you can bring the entire family with you, plus, the first half-mile is wheelchair accessible.
Connecticut: Hike to Gillette Castle in Gillette Castle State Park
Just visiting Gillette Castle State Park, you’ll see pretty views of the Connecticut River. But following the 1.3-mile path to the medieval-looking stone castle, you’ll get to see the former home of actor William Gillette. A steam train and riverboat might also pass by as you hang around the area — riding them is a must for most visitors.
Hawaii: Makapuu Lighthouse Trail
This ocean-view state has some of the most amazing hikes in the country. But if we had to pick just one, on Hawaii’s most popular island, Oahu, the Makapu Lighthouse Trail would be it. On a two-mile trip, you’ll see wonderful sights of the island’s southeastern coastline, including the Makapuu Lighthouse with an eye-catching red roof.
1. What do Winner Greek Trail and Lost Valley in the Buffalo River Wilderness District have in common?
A. They are both wheelchair accessible. B. They both have bike-friendly paths.
C. They are both suitable for family hikes. D. They are both famous for rainforest views.
2. What can hikers do during the visit to Gillette Castle State Park?
A. Enjoy lake views. B. Visit a stone castle. C. Meet famous actors. D. Get into a lighthouse.
3. Someone who is fond of ocean views will probably go to ________.
A. Lost Valley B. Gillette Castle C. Winner Greek Trail D. Makapuu Lighthouse Trail

When I was seven, my family and I were coming back from a T-ball game. In our driveway, we spotted two adult geese and a small gosling. The adults were frightened by our return and flew away, but their baby was still too young to fly and couldn’t follow.
Hours passed and night fell. The tiny little thing was wandering around our yard, unaware of what could happen, and it was clear that the gosling needed protection, warmth and food to make it to the morning. At that point, we had to bring him into our backyard.
We all pretty much slept with one eye open for several days. Each morning, we would try to rush the goose over to his parents, who kept coming back to our yard. He wouldn’t go to them, though, and they wouldn’t come close enough to claim him. The young goose had clearly decided we were his new family, and my twin sister Joanna called the little guy Peeper.
Almost a year passed and we settled into a routine filled with feathery hugs and company. One evening my uncle came over, and my dad threw Peeper up into the air to show he could fly around the house, but this time, Peeper just flew off. Everyone was very sad. Twenty years passed, and Peeper became a fond memory for my family.
In 2019, an aging adult goose made his way back to my home. At first, I assumed it was just another Canada goose. After two weeks of the goose coming back repeatedly, it became clear to me that this wasn’t a random goose. He did all of the same things Peeper used to, like trying to come in through the front door and sleeping in our enclosed pool area. Besides, this goose responded to the name Peeper. Much to my amazement, my old best friend had returned, 20 years later.
4. Why did the author bring the little goose home that night?
A. It couldn’t find its parents.
B. It was too fragile to survive.
C. It wanted to stay in the yard.
D. It enjoyed the author’s company.
5. What does the underlined word “claim” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Get.
B. Forgive.
C. Challenge.
D. Annoy.
6. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. She named the goose Peeper.
B. She set Peeper free on purpose.
C. She had a deep feeling to Peeper.
D. She trained the goose to fly daily.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Feathered Family Member
B. The Return of a Long Lost Friend
C. The Reunion of a Goose Family
D. An Adventurous Journey Home

Beautiful coral reefs(珊瑚礁) in Thai seas have been gradually worsening due to global warming that causes coral bleaching, in addition to certain human activities without proper control and environmental consciousness. Recently, researchers from Thai university Chulalongkom have created 3D-printed coral reefs modeled on the nature of real corals called Innovareef to accelerate the recovery of the coral reef ecosystem.
Innovareef corals are coated with calcium and phosphate nutrients(鈣磷營(yíng)養(yǎng)物) that corals need to thrive and consist of flat surfaces. The reefs’ holes serve as habitats and hiding places for many sea animals. Artificial reefs also make use of hydrodynamics technology to enhance their resistance to tidal forces and ensure that they stay in place. Finally, the PH(level of acidity) of the selected type of cement used for the reefs is close to that of seawater, and the design concept is that of Lego, easily assembled(組裝) and disassembled blocks that are easy to transport and fix.
“The Innovareef is not too large. It’s light-weighted and can be carried by anyone thus saving transportation costs. You can simply put it at any desired location in the sea and then dive down to put all the units together to complete the Innovareef. Not even five minutes afterward, fish and several ocean creatures start to come in to survey and make it their new habitat, leading to biodiversity around the Innovareef. More importantly, the research data indicates that the settlement and growth rates of planula on the Innovareef are better than those on other artificial reefs,” said Associate Professor Dr. Nantarika Chansue at Chulalongkorn University.
Innovareef is the hope for the effective recovery of natural coral reefs. Now the team is focused on adding more details so that the new structures look more like natural reefs. For the future generations of Innovareef, the team will develop a more specific design for each sea species in the area.
8. What function is expected of the Innovareef?
A. To extend the life of corals.
B. To monitor the growth of corals.
C. To help restore natural coral reefs.
D. To protect coral reefs from human destruction.
9. What do we know about the Innovareef from paragraph 2?
A. It is highly resistant to heat.
B. It has low manufacturing costs.
C. It provides rich nutrients for fish.
D. It is portable and easy to assemble.
10. What are Dr. Nantarika Chansue’s words mainly about?
A. The advantages of the Innovareef.
B. The inspiration for the Innovareef.
C. The methods of improving ocean habitats.
D. The importance of protecting biodiversity.
11. What will researchers probably do in the future?
A. Apply the Innovareef on a large scale.
B. Carry out more tests on the Innovareef.
C. Make a specific design of the Innovareef.
D. Conduct further research on natural coral reefs.

A recent study in Japan has revealed that a wearable soft robot, named Relicbo, can improve the experience of patients in medical treatments, such as injections(注射) and other unpleasant therapies. The purpose of the robot is to help ease pain and defend people against anxiety. The study, led by researchers at the University of Tsukuba, was inspired in part by the numerous needles people had to endure while being vaccinated(接種疫苗) against COVID-19. Some people felt an intense dislike for these needles, which led to fewer people getting vaccinated.
The robot is soft and covered in fur. It contains small airbags internally that inflate(膨脹) in response to hand movement. Participants in the study who wore the robot while subjected to a medium heat stimulation, experienced less pain in the test than those who did not wear the robot. The test proved that the pain and anxiety being felt could be reduced sharply by lessening the experience of pain through using the robot.
The research team checked the effectiveness of the wearable robot while being handled by participants under certain conditions, based on the clenching of the hand. The team placed painful heat stimulation on the other arm that was not holding the robot. They then measured cortisol levels from the participants’ saliva samples, suggesting levels of stress hormones. The pain felt by the patients was given specific ratings and was also recorded using an assessment scale. The people in the study were given a survey test to assess their fear of injections before and after the experiment with the wearable robot was completed.
The study proved that holding the robot can case the experience of patients who were receiving injections. The research team hopes to use this study to advance the robot for use during painful situations, such as getting medical shots or similar conditions.
12. What is the function of the robot?
A. To assist doctors in injecting accurately.
B. To help relieve people’s pain from injections.
C. To evaluate patients’ physical and mental health.
D. To assess the effects of getting vaccinated against COVID-19.
13. What does the underlined word “l(fā)essening” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Detecting.
B. Increasing.
C. Recording.
D. Decreasing.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. Methods of testing the effectiveness of the robot.
B. Reasons for conducting the experiment on the robot.
C. The advantages of the new robot in the medical field.
D. The process of reducing people’s fear of injections.
15. What will researchers probably do next?
A. Evaluate the risk of the robot.
B. Develop other devices for medical treatment.
C. Promote the application of the robot.
D. Carry out more tests on the robot.


二、七選五
Have you ever done something that you didn’t really want to do, just because other people were doing it? ____16____. When we do this, we’re not being true to ourselves.
What is being true to yourself?
Being true to yourself means listening to your own thoughts and feelings. ____17____, then being true to yourself might mean saying no to friends who want you to play. Or if there’s a game that your friends are doing that you don’t enjoy, then being true to yourself might mean doing something else instead. Being true to yourself is when your actions match how you really feel.
____18____
When we keep doing things we don’t like and ignore our thoughts and feelings, it can make us feel uncomfortable, worried or sad. Naomi Richards, a children’s life coach said, “Children need to be aware of who they are. If children have this self-awareness then they are more likely not to compromise when they are with other people. ____19____, and they will have healthy self-esteem.” Self-esteem is how you feel about yourself.
How can I be true to myself?
____20____, and being ok with saying no. Richards explains, “You can be true to yourself by learning how to say ‘no’ and sticking by your beliefs.” However, she adds that being true to yourself is also about being honest with yourself and what you want and need.
A. If you’re free and have nothing to do
B. All of us feel pressure to fit in at times
C. When do you need to be true to yourself?
D. Why is it important to be true to yourself?
E. If you want some time alone, to relax or read a book
F. They won’t be influenced to do things they know are wrong
G. One part of being true to yourself is in how you speak to other people


三、完形填空
Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching(伸展) on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania,____21____ a few runners who were left behind. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and a ____22____. That’s right — during some runs, one of them delivers a talk: topics ____23____ from the brain to Bitcoin(比特幣).
But one day last January, it would not be their ____24____ run. The first evidence that something was off was the man who ____25____ them very quickly. Cassidy ____26____ why the man was so fast when another man ran by, yelling, “Help! He ____27____ my phone and laptop!”
At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, ____28____ the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ____29____ into a construction site. The runners ____30____. Cassidy ran ____31____ to the far side of the site to cut the thief off ____32____ the others wandered the neighborhood ____33____ he had thrown the phone and laptop in a backyard.
No luck. So they decided to ask people in the ____34____ whether they’d seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a ____35____. They didn’t know the suspect was ____36____ behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the ____37____ rushed out from behind the bush … and right into the ____38____ of the police, who had joined the run shortly behind the runners.
“Running is typically a____39____sport where you turn fat cells into heat,” Cassidy told the Philadelphia Inquirer. “But sometimes it can be useful, and here was one of those ____40____.”
The members of this running group are not hard-core sportsmen. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise.
21. A. looking after B. waiting for C. thinking about D. picking up
22. A. lecture B. game C. enquiry D. experiment
23. A. increase B. range C. move D. develop
24. A. social B. accidental C. actual D. normal
25. A. ran off B. ran into C. ran past D. ran down
26. A. asked B. explained C. discovered D. wondered
27. A. took B. used C. broke D. sold
28. A. cornering B. leading C. following D. driving
29. A. stepped B. slid C. marched D. disappeared
30. A. got up B. split up C. showed up D. caught up
31. A. around B. back C. out D. away
32. A. while B. because C. unless D. though
33. A. realizing B. remembering C. suggesting D. hoping
34. A. group B. university C. neighborhood D. station
35. A. relief B. surprise C. success D. break
36. A. working B. running C. wandering D. hiding
37. A. suspect B. police C. colleague D. member
38. A. traps B. camps C. cars D. arms
39. A. selfless B. useless C. careless D. endless
40. A. choices B. conclusions C. chances D. decisions


語法填空
Huang He or The Yellow River, flowing through nine provinces, is the second longest river in China. It is also the sixth longest in the world at the estimated ____41____ (long) of 5, 464 kilometers. The river takes on a distinctive yellow color. That's ____42____ it collects much silt(泥沙) and dust from the environment.
The Yellow River is called “the cradle(搖籃) of Chinese civilization” as ____43____ (it) basin — the Wei valley — was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilizations and the most prosperous(繁榮的) region in early Chinese history. Both the river and the people along its shores have shaped each other ____44____ (deep).
Whether you’re a history fan or not, the river is ____45____ (fascinate).
Originating in the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province in western China, it flows ____46____ nine provinces of China and runs into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River basin has ____47____ east-west extent of 1900 km and a north-south extent of 1100 km. Its total basin area is 742,443km2. Two of the most popular spots ____48____ (visit) are the Hukou Falls and the Silk Road Crossing at Lanzhou.
The Yellow River used to be called “China’s Sorrow” because of the frequent floods hitting. In 1955, Chinese government ____49____ (develop) a plan to control flooding. Since 1960, tens of thousands of trees _____50_____ (plant) along the banks.


五、短文改錯(cuò)
It was Sunday. I was doing housework while someone knocked at the door. It was a milkman who send a bottle of milk. But I didn’t order them. Feeling confused, I noticed a note sticking to it. The note said “Dear neighbor, I’m sorry about a noise made by our decoration that will last for three days. The bottle of milk is given to you as a gift show our apology.”
The next day, everyone in the neighborhood were talking about the milk and our coming neighbor. With the decoration being finished, the family finally moved into the neighborhood. People came to help. I was extreme touched by this scene which was full in consideration and appreciation.

書面表達(dá)
假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友David來信說他最近因經(jīng)常感冒而苦惱，請(qǐng)你給他回一封信，包括以下要點(diǎn)：
1、表示關(guān)心。
2、提出防感冒的建議（至少兩條）。
3、表達(dá)祝愿。
注意：1、詞數(shù)100詞左右。
2、可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。
Dear David,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

################################
1. C????2. B????3. D
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)徒步路線的情況。
1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alaska: Winner Greek Trail部分中“This northern state has many choices for hikes, and the family-friendly Winner Greek Trail pleases everyone who visits.（這個(gè)北部的州有很多徒步旅行的選擇，適合全家出游的Winner Greek Trail讓每個(gè)來此游玩的人都很滿意）”以及Arkansas: Lost Valley in the Buffalo River Wilderness District部分中“It’s a journey just over two miles round-trip, which means you can bring the entire family with you, plus, the first half-mile is wheelchair accessible.（往返路程只有兩英里多一點(diǎn)，這意味著你可以帶著全家人一起去，另外，前半英里可以坐輪椅）”可知，Winner Greek Trail和Buffalo River Wilderness District的Lost Valley的共同之處是都適合家庭遠(yuǎn)足。故選C。
2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Connecticut: Hike to Gillette Castle in Gillette Castle State Park部分中“But following the 1.3-mile path to the medieval-looking stone castle, you’ll get to see the former home of actor William Gillette.（但沿著1.3英里的小路來到這座中世紀(jì)風(fēng)格的石頭城堡，你會(huì)看到演員William Gillette的故居）”可知，在參觀Gillette Castle State Park期間，徒步旅行者可以參觀一座石頭城堡。故選B。
3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hawaii: Makapuu Lighthouse Trail部分中“This ocean-view state has some of the most amazing hikes in the country. But if we had to pick just one, on Hawaii’s most popular island, Oahu, the Makapu Lighthouse Trail would be it. On a two-mile trip, you’ll see wonderful sights of the island’s southeastern coastline, including the Makapuu Lighthouse with an eye-catching red roof.（這個(gè)海景州有一些全國最令人驚嘆的徒步旅行。但如果我們必須選擇一個(gè)，在夏威夷最受歡迎的瓦胡島，馬卡普燈塔小徑會(huì)是它。在兩英里的旅程中，你將看到該島東南海岸線的美妙景色，包括醒目的紅色屋頂?shù)鸟R卡普燈塔）”可知，喜歡海景的人可能會(huì)去Makapuu Lighthouse Trail。故選D。
4. B????5. A????6. C????7. B
本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者小時(shí)候和父母撿到了一只鵝，把它帶回家養(yǎng)大，有一天飛走了，但是20年后這只鵝又回到了作者家里的故事。
4. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The tiny little thing was wandering around our yard, unaware of what could happen, and it was clear that the gosling needed protection, warmth and food to make it to the morning. At that point, we had to bring him into our backyard.（這只小東西在我們的院子里轉(zhuǎn)悠，不知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么，很明顯，這只小鵝需要保護(hù)、溫暖和食物才能活到早晨。那時(shí)，我們不得不把它帶到我們的后院）”可知，這只小鵝太脆弱了，無法生存，所以作者和家人把它帶回家養(yǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
5. 詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“He wouldn’t go to them, though, and they wouldn’t come close enough（不過，他不會(huì)去找它們，它們也不會(huì)走得太近）”可知，它們離得不夠近，應(yīng)該是無法“接近”它。由此推知，劃線詞claim此處表示“接近”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，get與claim意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。
6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“One evening my uncle came over, and my dad threw Peeper up into the air to show he could fly around the house, but this time, Peeper just flew off. Everyone was very sad. Twenty years passed, and Peeper became a fond memory for my family.（一天晚上，我的叔叔過來了，我的爸爸把Peeper扔到空中，想讓他在家里飛一圈，但這次，Peeper卻飛走了。大家都很難過。二十年過去了，Peeper成了我家人的美好回憶）”可推知，作者對(duì)Peeper有很深的感情。故選C項(xiàng)。
7. 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者小時(shí)候養(yǎng)了一只大鵝，之后飛走了，結(jié)合最后一段“Besides, this goose responded to the name Peeper. Much to my amazement, my old best friend had returned, 20 years later.（此外，這只鵝回應(yīng)了Peeper這個(gè)名字。令我驚訝的是，20年后，我最好的老朋友回來了）”可知，這只大鵝在二十年后回到了作者的家里。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“失散已久的朋友歸來?！边m合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
8. C????9. D????10. A????11. C
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家打印3D珊瑚礁Innovareef來幫助恢復(fù)天然珊瑚礁。
8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Recently, researchers from Thai university Chulalongkom have created 3D-printed coral reefs modeled on the nature of real corals called Innovareef to accelerate the recovery of the coral reef ecosystem.（最近，泰國朱拉隆科大學(xué)的研究人員以真實(shí)珊瑚的本質(zhì)為模型，創(chuàng)建了3D打印的珊瑚礁，稱為Innovareef，以加速珊瑚礁生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的恢復(fù)。）”可知，科學(xué)家打印3D珊瑚礁Innovareef的目的是幫助恢復(fù)天然珊瑚礁。故選C。
9. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Finally, the PH(level of acidity) of the selected type of cement used for the reefs is close to that of seawater, and the design concept is that of Lego, easily assembled(組裝) and disassembled blocks that are easy to transport and fix.（最后，選擇用于礁石的水泥類型的PH值（酸度水平）接近海水，設(shè)計(jì)理念是樂高，易于組裝和拆卸的積木，便于運(yùn)輸和固定。）”可知，Innovareef攜帶方便，易于組裝。故選D。
10. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The Innovareef is not too large. It’s light-weighted and can be carried by anyone thus saving transportation costs. You can simply put it at any desired location in the sea and then dive down to put all the units together to complete the Innovareef. Not even five minutes afterward, fish and several ocean creatures start to come in to survey and make it their new habitat, leading to biodiversity around the Innovareef. More importantly, the research data indicates that the settlement and growth rates of planula on the Innovareef are better than those on other artificial reefs,（Innovareef并不太大。它很輕，任何人都可以攜帶，從而節(jié)省了運(yùn)輸成本。你可以簡(jiǎn)單地把它放在海中的任何想要的位置，然后潛到水下，把所有的裝置放在一起，就完成了Innovareef。不到五分鐘后，魚類和其他海洋生物就開始來考察，并將其作為新的棲息地，從而形成了Innovareef周圍的生物多樣性。更重要的是，研究數(shù)據(jù)表明，浮虱在Innovareef上的沉降和生長(zhǎng)速度比其他人工礁要好。）”可知，Nantarika Chansue博士的話是想要告訴我們Innovareef的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選A。
11. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“For the future generations of Innovareef, the team will develop a more specific design for each sea species in the area.（對(duì)于未來幾代的Innovareef，該團(tuán)隊(duì)將為該地區(qū)的每一種海洋物種制定更具體的設(shè)計(jì)。）”可知，科學(xué)家在將來會(huì)對(duì)Innovareef進(jìn)行具體設(shè)計(jì)。故選C。
12. B????13. D????14. A????15. C
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本的一項(xiàng)最新研究：可穿戴的軟體機(jī)器人可以幫助減輕痛苦和保護(hù)人們免受焦慮。
12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“The purpose of the robot is to help ease pain and defend people against anxiety.（該機(jī)器人的目的是幫助減輕疼痛和保護(hù)人們免受焦慮）”可知，機(jī)器人的功能是幫助人們減輕注射帶來的疼痛。故選B項(xiàng)。
13. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“The test proved that the pain and anxiety being felt could be reduced sharply（試驗(yàn)證明，疼痛和焦慮感可以大大減輕）”和“the experience of pain（痛苦的體驗(yàn)）”可以推知，此處應(yīng)該是指“減輕”痛苦的體驗(yàn)，所以推測(cè)出畫線詞是“減輕”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)。
14. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The research team checked the effectiveness of the wearable robot while being handled by participants under certain conditions, based on the clenching of the hand.（研究小組以握緊手的姿勢(shì)為基礎(chǔ)，檢查了參與者在特定條件下使用可穿戴機(jī)器人時(shí)的效果）”可知，本段主要是講測(cè)試機(jī)器人有效性的方法。故選A項(xiàng)。
15. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The research team hopes to use this study to advance the robot for use during painful situations, such as getting medical shots or similar conditions.（研究團(tuán)隊(duì)希望通過這項(xiàng)研究來改進(jìn)機(jī)器人在疼痛情況下的使用，例如進(jìn)行醫(yī)療注射或類似情況）”可推知，研究人員下一步可能會(huì)促進(jìn)機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用。故選C項(xiàng)。
16. B????17. E????18. D????19. F????20. G
本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了什么是忠于內(nèi)心，其重要性，以及如何忠于內(nèi)心。
16. 根據(jù)上文“Have you ever done something that you didn’t really want to do, just because other people were doing it?”（你曾經(jīng)做過一件你不想做的事，只是因?yàn)閯e人在做？）和下文“When we do this, we’re not being true to ourselves.”（當(dāng)我們這樣做的時(shí)候，我們并沒有對(duì)自己誠實(shí)。）可知，空處講的是我們有時(shí)候會(huì)迫于壓力做事情。B. All of us feel pressure to fit in at times.（我們每個(gè)人都有適應(yīng)的壓力。）承上啟下，故選B。
17. 根據(jù)下文“then being true to yourself might mean saying no to friends who want you to play.”（那么，對(duì)自己誠實(shí)可能意味著拒絕那些想讓你玩游戲的朋友。）可知，此空講的是不想和朋友玩游戲，E. If you want some time alone, to relax or read a book（如果你想一個(gè)人呆會(huì)兒，放松一下或者讀本書）引起下文，符合段意，故選E。
18. 根據(jù)下文“When we keep doing things we don’t like and ignore our thoughts and feelings, it can make us feel uncomfortable, worried or sad.”（當(dāng)我們繼續(xù)做我們不喜歡的事情，忽視我們的想法和感覺，它會(huì)讓我們感到不舒服，擔(dān)心或悲傷。）可知，本段主要講述對(duì)自己誠實(shí)的重要性。D. Why is it important to be true to yourself?（為什么對(duì)自己誠實(shí)很重要？）符合本段主旨，故選D。
19. 根據(jù)上文“If children have this self-awareness then they are more likely not to compromise when they are with other people.”（如果孩子有這種自我意識(shí)，那么當(dāng)他們與他人在一起時(shí)，他們更有可能不妥協(xié)。）可知，下文講的是孩子的自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)。F. They won’t be influenced to do things they know are wrong（他們不會(huì)受影響去做他們知道是錯(cuò)的事情）承接上文文意，故選F。
20. 根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“How can I be true to myself?”（我怎么能對(duì)自己真實(shí)？）可知，本段主要意思是對(duì)自己誠實(shí)。根據(jù)下文“and being ok with saying no.”（也不介意拒絕別人。）可知，此空講的是對(duì)自己誠實(shí)的方法。G. One part of being true to yourself is in how you speak to other people（對(duì)自己真實(shí)的一部分是你對(duì)別人說話的方式）承上啟下，故選G。

21. B????22. A????23. B????24. D????25. C????26. D????27. A????28. C????29. D????30. B????31. A????32. A????33. D????34. C????35. B????36. D????37. A????38. D????39. B????40. C
這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Kyle Cassidy和跑步小組的成員在例行跑步中，抓住了一名嫌疑人的故事。
21. 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Kyle Cassidy和安嫩伯格跑步小組的其他三名成員在賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的場(chǎng)地上伸展身體，等待幾名被落下的跑步者。A. looking after照顧；B. waiting for等待；C. thinking about思考；D. picking up撿起。根據(jù)后文“a few runners who were left behind”可知幾名跑步者被落下了，所以在等待他們。故選B。
22. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的同事和其他社區(qū)成員每周聚會(huì)三天，進(jìn)行大約30分鐘的慢跑和講座。A. lecture演講；B. game游戲；C. enquiry詢問；D. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。呼應(yīng)后文“delivers a talk”指成員會(huì)進(jìn)行講座。故選A。
23. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒錯(cuò)，在一些跑步過程中，其中一人會(huì)發(fā)表演講：話題從大腦到比特幣都有。A. increase增加；B. range變化；C. move移動(dòng)；D. develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)后文“from the brain to Bitcoin”指話題的變化，應(yīng)用range…from…。故選B。
24. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但去年1月的一天，他們的跑步不大尋常。A. social社會(huì)的；B. accidental意外的；C. actual實(shí)際的；D. normal正常的。根據(jù)后文他們追逐嫌疑犯可知這次的跑步不尋常。故選D。
25. 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：有個(gè)男人從他們身邊飛快地跑過，這是第一個(gè)證明事情不對(duì)勁的證據(jù)。A. ran off逃跑；B. ran into遇見；C. ran past跑過；D. ran down撞倒。根據(jù)上文“something was off was the man who”以及后文這個(gè)男人是嫌疑犯，可知他快速跑過他們身邊。故選C。
26. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Cassidy好奇為什么這個(gè)人跑得那么快，這時(shí)另一個(gè)人跑過，喊道：“幫幫忙！他拿走了我的手機(jī)和筆記本電腦！”A. asked詢問；B. explained解釋；C. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. wondered想知道。根據(jù)后文“why the man was so fast”可知，Cassidy好奇為什么這個(gè)人跑得那么快，故選D。
27. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Cassidy發(fā)現(xiàn)了為什么這個(gè)人跑得那么快，這時(shí)另一個(gè)人跑過，喊道：“幫幫忙！他拿走了我的手機(jī)和筆記本電腦！”A. took帶走；B. used使用；C. broke打破；D. sold出售。根據(jù)后文“my phone and laptop”可知這個(gè)男人拿走了另一個(gè)人的手機(jī)和筆記本電腦。故選A。
28. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，這群人做了跑步俱樂部會(huì)做的事：他們跟著嫌疑人沿著費(fèi)城的街道跑，直到他消失在一個(gè)建筑工地。A. cornering陷入困境；B. leading帶領(lǐng)；C. following跟隨；D. driving駕駛。根據(jù)后文“the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia”可知這群跑步者選擇跟隨嫌疑人。故選C。
29. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，這群人做了跑步俱樂部會(huì)做的事：他們跟著嫌疑人沿著費(fèi)城的街道跑，直到他消失在一個(gè)建筑工地。A. stepped踏入；B. slid滑動(dòng)；C. marched前進(jìn)；D. disappeared消失。根據(jù)后文“whether they’d seen the guy”可知這個(gè)人不見了，故選D。
30. 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：跑步者散開了。A. got up起床；B. split up散開，分裂；C. showed up出現(xiàn)；D. caught up抓起。根據(jù)后文的描述“Cassidy ran ____11____ to the far side of the site to cut the thief off ____12____ the others wandered the neighborhood”可知跑步者們分頭行動(dòng)，散開了。故選B。
31. 考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：Cassidy跑到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的另一邊去截住小偷，而其他人則在附近徘徊，希望他把手機(jī)和筆記本電腦扔到了后院。A. around在周圍；B. back向后；C. out出去；D. away遠(yuǎn)離。根據(jù)后文“to the far side of the site to cut the thief off”指Cassidy跑到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的另一邊去截住小偷，故選A。
32. 考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：Cassidy跑到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的另一邊去截住小偷，而其他人則在附近徘徊，希望他把手機(jī)和筆記本電腦扔到了后院。A. while當(dāng)……時(shí)候，然而；B. because因?yàn)椋籆. unless除非；D. though雖然。此處指前后文的對(duì)比，應(yīng)用while。故選A。
33. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Cassidy跑到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的另一邊去截住小偷，而其他人則在附近徘徊，希望他把手機(jī)和筆記本電腦扔到了后院。A. realizing意識(shí)到；B. remembering記得；C. suggesting建議；D. hoping希望。根據(jù)后文“he had thrown the phone and laptop in a backyard”可知，其他人則在附近徘徊，希望他把手機(jī)和筆記本電腦扔到了后院。故選D。
34. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他們決定問問附近的人是否見過這個(gè)人。A. group隊(duì)伍；B. university大學(xué)；C. neighborhood社區(qū)；D. station車站。根據(jù)后文“When they knocked on the door of one row house”可知他們?cè)谠儐柛浇謪^(qū)的人，故選C。
35. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們敲一排房子的門時(shí)，他們大吃一驚。A. relief安慰；B. surprise驚訝；C. success成功；D. break休息。根據(jù)后文“behind a bush by that very house”可知，嫌犯就藏在那棟房子旁邊的灌木叢后面，這讓他們吃驚。故選B。
36. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不知道嫌犯就藏在那棟房子旁邊的灌木叢后面。A. working工作；B. running奔跑；C. wandering漫游；D. hiding隱藏。根據(jù)后文“behind a bush by that very house”以及常識(shí)，偷了東西的嫌犯就藏在那棟房子旁邊的灌木叢后面。故選D。
37. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)曛鞔蜷_門的時(shí)候，嫌疑人從灌木叢后面沖了出來，正好投入了警察的懷抱，警察緊隨其后加入了賽跑。A. suspect嫌疑犯；B. police警察；C. colleague同事；D. member成員。上文提到嫌犯就藏在那棟房子旁邊的灌木叢后面，所以這里是嫌疑人從灌木叢后面沖了出來，故選A。
38. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)曛鞔蜷_門的時(shí)候，嫌疑人從灌木叢后面沖了出來，正好投入了警察的懷抱，警察緊隨其后加入了賽跑。A. traps陷阱；B. camps露營(yíng)；C. cars汽車；D. arms胳膊。根據(jù)后文“of the police, who had joined the run shortly behind the runners”指嫌疑犯從灌木叢后面沖了出來，正好投入了警察的懷抱，故選D。
39. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：卡西迪告訴《費(fèi)城問詢報(bào)》：“跑步是一項(xiàng)典型的無用運(yùn)動(dòng)，它會(huì)把脂肪細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化為熱量?！盇. selfless無私的；B. useless無用的；C. careless粗心的；D. endless無盡的。根據(jù)后文“sometimes it can be useful”和表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的but可知，此處是在說跑步無用，故選B。
40. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但有時(shí)它會(huì)很有用，這就是其中一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。A. choices選擇；B. conclusions結(jié)論；C. chances機(jī)會(huì)；D. decisions決定。根據(jù)上文“But sometimes it can be useful, and here was one of those”可知這次抓捕嫌疑人的事情就是跑步發(fā)揮作用的一次機(jī)遇。故選C。

41. length????42. because????43. its????44. deeply????45. fascinating????46. through????47. an????48. to visit????49. developed????50. have been planted
本文是說明文。文章主要介紹中國第二長(zhǎng)的河流——黃河。介紹了黃河的地理特性以及它的文化淵源。
41. 考查名詞。句意：它也是世界上第六長(zhǎng)的，估計(jì)長(zhǎng)度為5464公里。填空處前有“the estimated（估計(jì)的）”形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)以及“of”結(jié)構(gòu)，說明填空處需要填一個(gè)名詞，提示詞long是形容詞，需要變成名詞形式。故填length。
42. 考查表語從句。句意：這是因?yàn)樗鼜沫h(huán)境中收集了大量的淤泥和灰塵。填空處前面有be動(dòng)詞，并且后面有“it collects”主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，說明填空處后面有從句，需要填一個(gè)連接詞，本句與前一句有因果關(guān)系，說明黃河河水變黃是有原因的。故填because。
43. 考查代詞。句意：黃河被稱為“中華文明的搖籃”，因?yàn)樗牧饔颉己恿饔颉侵袊糯拿鞯陌l(fā)源地，也是中國早期歷史上最繁榮的地區(qū)。填空處后面出現(xiàn)名詞“basin（盆地）”說明填空處需要填寫形容詞性物主代詞，括號(hào)中提示詞it的形容詞性物主代詞是its。故填its。
44. 考查副詞。句意：這條河和它沿岸的人民彼此深深地影響著。填空處前有謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)“have shaped（使成形，塑造）”，括號(hào)中提示詞deep是形容詞，修飾動(dòng)詞需要副詞形式。故填deeply。
45. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：不管你是不是歷史迷，這條河都很迷人。括號(hào)中提示詞fascinate是動(dòng)詞，填空處前面有謂語動(dòng)詞is，這里需要非謂語動(dòng)詞作為表語，表示黃河迷人的特征。故填fascinating。
46. 考查介詞。句意：它發(fā)源于中國西部青海省的巴彥喀爾山，流經(jīng)中國九個(gè)省份，最后流入渤海。本句填空處前有“flow”表示“流動(dòng)”，根據(jù)句意這里表示黃河流動(dòng)穿過九個(gè)省份，需要介詞搭配flow，從而表示穿過的意思。故填through。
47. 考查冠詞。句意：黃河流域向西延伸1900公里，向南延伸1100公里。填空處后面出現(xiàn)了名詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)“east-west extent（東西向的延伸）”，說明前面需要填寫冠詞，而“extent”是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，并且“east”首字母是元音音素發(fā)音。故填an。
48. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：最值得參觀的兩個(gè)景點(diǎn)是湖口瀑布和蘭州絲綢之路十字路口。填空處前有名詞“spots（景點(diǎn)）”，括號(hào)提示詞visit，表示參觀的意思，這里是使用不定式作后置定語對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行修飾。故填to visit。
49. 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1955年，中國政府制定了防洪計(jì)劃。本句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，因此括號(hào)中的提示詞要使用謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，并且時(shí)間提示詞“1995年”表示過去時(shí)間，因此使用動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填developed。
50. 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自1960年以來，沿河岸種植了數(shù)萬棵樹。本句除了填空詞以外沒有其他動(dòng)詞，說明本句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，填空詞要用謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，而標(biāo)志詞“since”表示自從1960年起至今，要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。而且主語“tree”與謂語動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填have been planted。
51. 1. while→when
2. send→sent
3. them→it
4. sticking→stuck
5. a→the
6. 在show前添加to
7. were→was
8. 刪除being
9. extreme→extremely
10. in→of
本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的一位鄰居因?yàn)榭紤]到自己裝修的噪音會(huì)影響大家，給鄰居們送牛奶以表歉意的故事。
1. 考查固定句型。句意：有人敲門時(shí)，我正在做家務(wù)。固定句型be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，就在這時(shí)”。故將while改為when。
2. 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：是一個(gè)送牛奶的人送來了一瓶牛奶。由主句was可知，此處定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞send需用一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的事情。故將send改為sent。
3. 考查代詞。句意：但我沒有點(diǎn)。此處指代前文“a bottle of milk”，應(yīng)用代詞it。故將them改為it。
4. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我感到很困惑，發(fā)現(xiàn)上面貼著一張紙條。謂語動(dòng)詞是noticed，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，stick與note是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動(dòng)。故將sticking改為stuck。
5. 考查冠詞。句意：紙條上寫著：“親愛的鄰居，我很抱歉我們的裝修造成的噪音將持續(xù)三天。這瓶牛奶是作為禮物送給你的，以表示我們的歉意?！庇蒼oise后的定語“made by our decoration”可知，此處特指裝修造成的噪音，需用定冠詞the。故將a改為the。
6. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：同上。本句已有謂語動(dòng)詞give，動(dòng)詞show應(yīng)該用其非謂語動(dòng)詞形式；結(jié)合句意可知，此處作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故在show前添加to。
7. 考查主謂一致。句意：第二天，附近的每個(gè)人都在談?wù)撆Ｄ毯臀覀兗磳⒌絹淼泥従?。結(jié)合“The next day”可知句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，everyone作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故將were改為was。
8. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：裝修完成后，這家人終于搬進(jìn)了這個(gè)社區(qū)。根據(jù)“the family finally moved into the neighborhood”可知，裝修已完成，with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中應(yīng)用過去分詞，表被動(dòng)、完成；being done表示正在被做，不符合語境。故刪除being。
9. 考查副詞。句意：我被這充滿了體貼和理解的場(chǎng)景深深地感動(dòng)了。修飾動(dòng)詞touch需用副詞extremely（很，非常）作狀語。故將extreme改為extremely。
10. 考查介詞。句意：我被這充滿了體貼和理解的場(chǎng)景深深地感動(dòng)了。固定短語be full of“充滿”。故將in改為of。
Dear David,
I am so sorry to learn from your letter that your study suffers due to your constant colds. And I’m quite concerned about that and hope you are feeling better now.
I have some suggestions for you to prevent colds. First of all, have a balanced diet, which is vital for your body to function well. The better your body functions, the less likely you are to catch a cold. Besides, keep a positive mind and take regular exercise to guarantee a strong body. And you know a strong body really matters even when exposed to viruses.
I hope my suggestions are helpful to you. Wish you a speedy recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國網(wǎng)友David回信，對(duì)他經(jīng)常感冒的苦惱表達(dá)關(guān)心，并提出建議。
1. 詞匯積累
擔(dān)心：be concerned about→worried about
首先：First of all→To begin with
對(duì)……是至關(guān)重要的：be vital for→be essential to
另外：Besides→Additionally
2. 句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I have some suggestions for you to prevent colds.
拓展句：I have some suggestions that can prevent you from colds.
高分句型1：First of all, have a balanced diet, which is vital for your body to function well.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
高分句型2：And you know a strong body really matters even when exposed to viruses.（運(yùn)用了時(shí)間狀語從句的省略）