2024屆高考英語一輪總復習選擇性必修第三冊Unit3EnvironmentalProtection單元主題訓練

這是一份2024屆高考英語一輪總復習選擇性必修第三冊Unit3EnvironmentalProtection單元主題訓練，共9頁。試卷主要包含了寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；等內容，歡迎下載使用。
UNIT 3 單元主題訓練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A Efforts to preserve the Amazon rainforest are growing ever more urgent as the ecosystem's destruction accelerates. A recent study shows that a new program combining on-the-ground monitoring with satellite data and smartphone technology could help put the brakes on Amazon deforestation (毀林) — and potentially that of forests elsewhere.The scientists cooperated with 76 local communities, 36 of which participated in using satellite-based “early deforestation alerts”， an early-alert system on a smartphone app, to watch over the forest and to inspect forests and document damage. Over the next two years the participants were paid to work as forest monitors and received monthly alerts via the app when satellite data indicated local forest losses. Monitors investigated alerts and inspected for deforestation in the areas. They reported confirmed losses back to their communities, which decided whether to deal with the affairs on their own or inform state authorities.The researchers analyzed the same forest-loss satellite data from the given time period in all 76 communities. They found the program reduced forest loss by 8.4 hectares (公頃) in the first year — a 52 percent reduction compared with the average loss in the control communities, says Tara Slough, an economist at New York University. “This reduction in deforestation was concentrated in communities facing the largest threat of forest loss，” she adds.Results for the program were less striking in its second year, when forest loss was reduced by only 3.3 hectares compared with that in control communities. The researchers explain that a Peruvian government campaign against coca planting that year may have discouraged deforestation in both experimental and control communities, narrowing differences between the two groups in the program.Experts say this approach to dealing with Amazonian deforestation looks promising. Local groups may continue the work they started in the program. “We want to apply this in other communities. In doing so, we are making a contribution to the world，” wrote Francisco, a community member involved in the research.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個新的項目，通過智能手機應用程序上的早期警報系統(tǒng)，監(jiān)視森林、檢查森林并記錄破壞情況，用這種方法減緩對亞馬遜雨林的破壞。1．What can we learn about the new program?A．It applies to all the forests.B．It adopts multiple technologies.C．It involves no human participation.D．It solves the problem beforehand.解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“A recent study shows ...of forests elsewhere.”可知，這個新項目將地面監(jiān)測與衛(wèi)星數(shù)據和智能手機技術相結合，采用了多種技術。故選B項。2．How did the researchers conduct the study?A．By analyzing the data.B．By surveying the monitors.C．By observing the area.D．By investigating the damage.解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據第三段“The researchers analyzed ... at New York University.”可知，研究人員是通過分析衛(wèi)星數(shù)據進行這項研究的，該項目在第一年將森林損失減少了8.4公頃。故選A項。3．What do the researchers think of the effect of the program?A．Stable.　　　　 B．Positive.C．Unconvincing.  D．Discouraging.解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據第三段 “The researchers analyzed ...at New York University.”和最后一段“Experts say this approach ... started in the program.”可知，研究人員分析了衛(wèi)星數(shù)據，數(shù)據顯示，這個項目在第一年將森林損失減少了8.4公頃，與被控制社區(qū)的平均損失相比減少了52%，并且專家也認為這種處理亞馬遜森林砍伐的方法看起來很有希望，由此可知，研究人員認為該項目的效果是積極樂觀的。故選B項。4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Amazon Protecting the RainforestB．Experts Testing Early-alert SystemC．Communities Dealing With DeforestationD．Smartphone Watching Over the Forest解析：選D　標題歸納題。通讀全文，結合第二段“The scientists cooperated with 76 ... document damage.”可知，本文主要介紹了一個新的項目，將地面監(jiān)測與衛(wèi)星數(shù)據和智能手機技術相結合，通過智能手機應用程序上的早期警報系統(tǒng)，監(jiān)視森林、檢查森林并記錄破壞情況，用這種方法減緩對亞馬遜雨林的破壞。故選D項。BThe Antarctic's snow-white environment is going green and facing other unexpected threats.Scientists say that as temperatures go up in the polar areas, invading (侵襲) plants and insects, including the flies, cause a major threat.More and more of these invaders, in the form of larvae (幼蟲) or seeds，are surviving in coastal areas around the South Pole, where the temperature has risen by almost 3℃ over the past five decades.Glaciers have melted, exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more quickly and thickly than ever before — providing potential green homes for invaders.“The common houseflies are a perfect example of the problem the Antarctic now faces from invading species，” said Dominic Hodgson of the British Antarctic Survey.“They arrive by ship, where they exist in kitchens.They now have an increasing chance of surviving in the Antarctic as it warms up, and that is a worry.Insects like the houseflies carry bacteria that could have a deadly effect on native life forms.”The Antarctic has several native species of insects.Together with its native mosses, these are now under increased threat from three major sources: visiting scientists, increasing number of tourists and global warming.However, it is  global warming that is the main driver  of the “greening” of the Antarctic.In the 2015－2016 travel season, more than 38,000 tourists visited the Antarctic.“These tourists are often very careful about not leaving waste.But they could carry seeds or larvae on their boots when they set foot on the Antarctic，” said Dominic.More and more invading insects and plants have been found on the Antarctic and have required removal.“The insects and plants that are native to the Antarctic have survived there for thousands of years，” said Dominic.“We have to act now if we want to save the environment.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是由于全球氣溫上升等原因，各種各樣的威脅正置南極地區(qū)于危險之中。5．What does the underlined word “mosses” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．Houseflies.  B．Coastal areas.C．A kind of plants.  D．A kind of animals.解析：選C　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句，特別是其后的定語從句“that have been found ...for invaders”可知，畫線詞指的是一種植物。6．What do we know about the houseflies in the Antarctic?A．They are native to the Antarctic.B．They will die out because of the freezing weather.C．They come to the Antarctic from nearby islands on their own.D．They could severely influence the native species of the Antarctic.解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段最后一句可知，南極地區(qū)的家蠅所攜帶的細菌會嚴重影響當?shù)氐奈锓N。7．What is the main cause of the Antarctic going green?A．The arrival of scientists.B．The increasing number of visitors.C．The rapid spread of native plants.D．The rising temperature around the world.解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段最后一句可知，南極地區(qū)變綠的主要原因是全球氣候變暖。8．What's the best title for the text?A．The Antarctic Is Becoming Green and EnergeticB．Various Threats Are Putting the Antarctic at RiskC．More and More Scientists Get to Explore the AntarcticD．Global Warming Causes the Temperature in the Antarctic to Go Up解析：選B　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文講述的是各種各樣的威脅正置南極地區(qū)于危險之中。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Keeping curious kids from disrupting wildlifeInteracting with the wild, naturally curious kids tend to collect seashells at the beach or keep small wildlife as pets.__9__ So how to help kids protect the wild while enjoying spending time outside? Here are alternatives for some of the most common outdoor behaviour no-nos.Take an interest, not things.Kids show interest in picking flowers, rocks, or shells outdoors.They're part of wildlife's habitat and play an important role.__10__ Let kids explore with a magnifying glass (放大鏡) instead of their curious fingers.Let whatever they find outside stay outside.__11__ It seems a fun idea to throw pieces of bread to ducks.Animals have unique dietary needs that are different from humans'.Eating human food can make them sick or become dependent on human food.Bears are an example of animals that often have to be killed after developing a taste for human food.Admire animal afar, not disrupt nearby.The urge to take a photo with a squirrel, bird, or slow-moving turtle can be strong for kids.__12__ Instead, remind kids to stay away and show them how to use a camera's zoom button, or just admire with their eyes.Take well-worn paths, not off-road romps (嬉戲)．Kicking piles of leaves, stepping on bushes, and walking through forested areas can unintentionally scare wildlife.If surprised animals defend their homes, everyone could get hurt.Nobody likes having a guest come in and destroy their home and act rudely.__13__A．Keep snacks away from animals.B．Share food if animals are hungry.C．Exposure to them develops kids' love and curiosity.D．The same rule applies to visiting wildlife in their homes.E．Animals rely on plants for hiding; rocks and shells, for homes.F．Approaching animals disrupts what they do for survival, such as eating.G．Despite innocent purposes, kids' curiosity accidentally damages the wild.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了怎樣幫助孩子們在享受戶外時光的同時保護自然環(huán)境。9．選G　空前一句“與野生動物互動，生性好奇的孩子傾向于在海灘收集貝殼或養(yǎng)小型野生動物作為寵物?！闭f明孩子們喜歡與野生動物互動，選項G承接上文。選項中curiosity 和上文中的curious 一致。10．選E　根據空前兩句“孩子們對在戶外采摘花朵、撿巖石或貝殼表現(xiàn)出興趣。它們是野生動物棲息地的一部分，起著重要的作用。”可知，選項E承接上文，具體說明這些東西的作用。11．選A　下文提到動物有著與人類不同的獨特的飲食需求。吃人類的食物會使他們生病或變得依賴人類的食物。這說明向動物投送零食是不正確的行為，選項A概括本段主題，文意通順，符合邏輯。12．選F　本段首句“遠遠地觀看動物，不要靠近打擾。”說明本段主題是不要靠近動物，選項F符合本段主題。13．選D　空前一句“沒有人喜歡有客人闖進來，破壞他們的家園，行為粗魯?！边x項D說明同樣的規(guī)則也適用于野生動物。上下文語義通順，邏輯合理。Ⅲ.完形填空She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious.I __14__ her as she swam silently around the small pool.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __15__， and her flippers (鰭狀肢) were filled with cuts and scars.These __16__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they were just a group of innocent sea turtles injured by __17__ humans.Earlier that day, our students learned those endangered sea turtles were being __18__ all the time __19__ water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.We were taught how to __20__ the deaths and injuries of this species and conserve our ocean life and environment.I had been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering __21__ I had never truly been given the opportunity to __22__ the devastating(毀滅性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __23__.Seeing a picture of these animals cannot truly sense the __24__ on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __25__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness, I try to encourage my friends to __26__ their eating habit, which can __27__ our environment.We need to start saving our environment now __28__ it's too late.14．A.recognized  B．introducedC．watched  D．satisfied解析：選C　根據語境，“我”看著她，她靜靜地在小池塘里游著。watch意為“觀察；觀看”，符合題意。15．A.strange  B．missingC．shining  D．complex解析：選B　根據下文可知，這是只受傷的海龜。此處應該是指左上部的黃色外殼不見(missing)了。16．A.troublesome  B．rareC．ugly  D．unfortunate解析：選D　根據上文語境可知，這些受傷的生物是不幸的(unfortunate)。17．A.skilful  B．stubbornC．intelligent  D．careless解析：選D　根據第三段中的“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，這是一群無辜的海龜，被粗心的(careless)人類傷害。18．A.studied  B．discoveredC．killed  D．displayed解析：選C　這些瀕臨滅絕的海龜因為(because of)水污染、亂丟垃圾、粗心大意的漁船和漁民而被殺(killed)。19．A.because of  B．in case ofC．in spite of  D．apart from解析：選A　參見上題解析。20．A.report  B．lessenC．escape  D．prove解析：選B　根據常識，我們被教育如何減少這個物種的死亡和傷害，lessen為動詞，意為“減少”。21．A.so  B．but  C．or  D．and解析：選B　“我”已意識到我們的環(huán)境不斷遭受傷害，但(but)“我”從來沒有真正有機會看到(see)環(huán)境破壞后的毀滅性影響，直到看到那只海龜(turtle)。22．A.see  B．predictC．prevent  D．experience解析：選A　參見上題解析。23．A.boater  B．fishermanC．visitor  D．turtle解析：選D　參見第21題解析。第二段的“sea turtles”亦是提示。24．A.pain  B．dirtC．mask  D．sign解析：選A　看這些動物的照片不能真正地感受它們遭受的痛苦(pain)。25．A.worry  B．harmC．anger  D．shame解析：選B　既然“我”已經目睹了由污染和人們的疏忽造成的傷害(harm)。26．A.mention  B．formC．change  D．check解析：選C　“我”試圖鼓勵“我”的朋友改變(change)他們的飲食習慣。27．A.describe  B．witnessC．investigate  D．benefit解析：選D　這樣做使環(huán)境受益。benefit意為“對……有好處”，符合題意。28．A.unless  B．beforeC．while  D．though解析：選B　在為時未晚之前(before)，我們現(xiàn)在需要開始拯救我們的環(huán)境。Ⅳ.語法填空Ecotourism is the opposite of mass tourism.People travel to remote areas and visit faraway places without destroying the environment.Ecotourism is intended __1__ small groups of tourists who want to learn more about nature in a certain area and help people who live there.Eco-tourists travel to places __2__ plants and animals are the main attractions.They want to know more about how people live side by side in __3__ natural habitat.Ecotourism makes people recognize how beautiful the land and the countryside are.Local tour guides show __4__ (visit) how important our environment is.They know how the region has developed over time.Tourists stay in small local houses，as opposed to big hotels in mass tourism regions.Ecotourism started out in the 1980s as an alternative to mass tourism.Today it is one of the __5__ (fast) growing sectors of the tourism industry because more and more people are  __6__ (gradual) realizing the importance of the environment.As a result，some countries are using ecotourism __7__ (gain) profits.In some areas，it __8__ (operate)by foreign investors who are only interested in  __9__ (they) own profits.However, __10__ (bring) too many people to the remote place could damage local culture.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章對生態(tài)旅游的定義、好處、起源和發(fā)展狀況進行了介紹。1．for　考查固定搭配。be intended for意為“為……而設計的”，為固定搭配。2．where　考查定語從句。 空處指代先行詞places并在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。3．a　考查不定冠詞。此處第一次提及“natural habitat”，所以是泛指，且natural 的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。4．visitors　考查名詞復數(shù)。此處應用名詞visitor作動詞show的賓語，游客有很多，所以應用復數(shù)形式。5．fastest　考查最高級。在one of后的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)常用最高級修飾，表示“最……的……之一”。6．gradually　考查副詞。修飾動詞realizing應用副詞。7．to gain　考查非謂語動詞。利用生態(tài)旅游是為了獲取利潤，此處應用不定式作目的狀語。8．is operated　考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據“who are only interested in”可知，此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時。動詞operate和主語it構成被動關系，且主語it為第三人稱單數(shù)。9．their　考查形容詞性物主代詞。修飾名詞profits應用形容詞性物主代詞。10．bringing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處應用動名詞作主語。Ⅴ.應用文寫作假定你是李華，請你給校英語報寫一封倡議信，號召全校同學積極響應學校正在開展的垃圾分類活動，內容包括：1．垃圾分類的意義；2．你的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2．請按如下格式作答。參考詞匯：垃圾分類 waste classificationDear fellow students, 　                                                                           　                                                                           　                                                                           Yours, Li Hua參考范文：Dear fellow students, As you may have noticed, the program of waste classification in our school has kicked off.I am writing to call on you, members of the school, to take immediate action.Every day, we produce plenty of waste, ranging from plastic bottles to paper, which not only leads to environmental pollution, but is also a waste of resources.Therefore, it is urgent for us to take an active part in the waste classification program.First, we can collect what can be recycled to save resources.Second, harmful materials should be sorted and treated properly to avoid pollution.Most importantly, we need to develop the habit of classifying waste.Let's do it!Yours, Li Hua