（新高考）2023版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 natural disasters課件 新人教版必修第一冊

這是一份（新高考）2023版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 natural disasters課件 新人教版必修第一冊，共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了課前自主預(yù)習(xí)，課堂考點(diǎn)突破，課后鞏固運(yùn)用，單詞巧練，旱災(zāi)久旱　，使滑行滑動　，直升機(jī)　，避難處居所庇護(hù)　，保護(hù)掩蔽　，躲避風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)　等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
disaster　rescue　damage　destry　affect　
ruin　trap　bury　effrt　supply　aid　crash　
sweep　wave　summary　
(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)　
percentage　
electrical　
breathless　
are destrying　
be affected　
be delivered　
聯(lián)想積累：1．表示“災(zāi)難”的名詞①typhn臺風(fēng)②dwnpur暴雨③tsunami海嘯④fld洪水⑤trnad龍卷風(fēng)
⑥hurricane颶風(fēng)⑦landslide山體滑坡⑧avalanche雪崩⑨drught干旱⑩famine饑荒
2．表示“吃驚”的單詞①alarm使驚恐②surprise使驚奇③astnish(使)驚訝④amaze使吃驚⑤astund使驚駭；使震驚
3．常見以-fy結(jié)尾的動詞①certify證明；保證②identify識別；鑒定③simplify簡化④mdify修改，修飾⑤beautify使美化，使變美⑥qualify限制；使具有資格
refer t　think abut　set up　as usual　as if　cme t an end　in ruins　
the number f　nthing but　in shck　dig ut　lk up　suffer frm...　wake up　put up　
in the pen air　n hand　mre than　sweep away　stand at　
Think abut　
the number f　
suffered frm　
聯(lián)想積累：1．“in＋名詞”短語面面觀①in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中②in pain 處于痛苦中③in truble 處于困境中④in debt 負(fù)債⑤in dubt 不能肯定的⑥in relief 如釋重負(fù)
2．a(chǎn)s短語薈萃①as many as 多達(dá)②as lng as 只要③as well as 也，和，和……一樣④as far as I knw 據(jù)我所知⑤as sn as一……就……⑥as usual照例，像平常一樣
us astnished　
assciated with　
as many as　
1．damage vt.損害；破壞 n．損害；損失
Which buildings were damaged in Seul？(P48)首爾哪些建筑被毀？
(1)cause/d damage t＝damage(v.)傷害，損傷(2)damage ne’s health損害某人的健康
單句語法填空①After he retired，the ld man did all he culd t prtect the ld temple frm ______________ (damage)．②The accident caused sme damage ____ my car, but it’s nthing serius.
being damaged　
一句多譯眾所周知，抽煙會損害我們的健康。③As we all knw, smking can _____________________________ (damage n．)④It is well knwn that smking can _________________.(damage vt.)
d/cause damage t ur health　
damage ur health　
2．a(chǎn)ffect vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動
82 killed,500,000 affected(P49)82人喪生，50萬人受影響
(1)be deeply affected by 被……深深打動be affected with 感染……疾病(2)affectin n．喜愛have an affectin fr 喜歡……
“被深深地感動”的表達(dá)：be deeply mved；be deeply tuched；be deeply affected
①__________ (affect) with a serius disease, he was n lnger able t speak clearly and he knew there was n hpe f recvery.②I have much ___________(affect) fr my mum, whse wrds and actins have a psitive effect n me.
句式升級③Many yung peple were affected by his stry．They began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.→ ____________________，many yung peple began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.(分詞作狀語)
Affected by his stry　
3．ruin n.& vt.破壞；毀壞
In less than ne minute，a large city lay in ruins.(P50)不到一分鐘，一座大城市化為了廢墟。
(1)lie/be in ruins 成為廢墟be reduced t ruins淪為廢墟(2)ruin neself 毀掉自己；自取滅亡ruin ne’s health/fame/future毀壞某人的健康/聲譽(yù)/前途
單句語法填空①A number f high buildings have arisen where there was nthing three years ag but _______ (ruin)．②When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd ____ruins.
一句多譯他犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，這讓他失去了出國的機(jī)會。③He made a mistake, ______________________ f ging abrad.(定語從句)④He made a mistake, __________________ f ging abrad.(分詞作狀語)
which ruined his chance　
ruining his chance　
4．shck n．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt.(使)震驚
Peple were in shck—and then，later that afternn，anther big quake shk Tangshan again.(P50)人們驚呆了——接著，在那天下午晚些時(shí)候，另一場大地震再次震撼了唐山。
(1)a great shck t sb.對某人來說是極大的震驚in shck 震驚；吃驚(2)shcked adj.震驚的；驚訝的be shcked at/by 對……吃驚be shcked t d sth.吃驚地做某事(3)shcking adj.令人震驚的
electric shck 觸電；電休克cultural shck 文化沖突shck 表示“吃驚；震驚；令人震驚的事情”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示“(身心受到的)打擊；震驚”和“休克”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。
單句語法填空①Everyne in the street was _________(shck) when they heard the news.②_________ (shck) by the explsin, peple ran abut in the street.③His nt passing the final exam was ___great shck t his parents.④I was shcked ________(hear) that ur factry wuld have t clse.
完成句子⑤他們在過去的幾年里取得了驚人的成就，令許多人震驚。They have made amazing achievements in the past few years, __________ many peple.
5．trap vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套 n．險(xiǎn)境；陷阱
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(P50)地震發(fā)生后不久，軍隊(duì)派出15萬名士兵到唐山挖掘被困人員并埋葬死者。
(1)trap sb. int (ding)...誘使某人(做)……be trapped in...困在……中，陷在……中(2)set a trap設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套fall int a trap落入圈套
單句語法填空①There was a pwer failure；as a result, they _____________(trap) in the lift.②They set ___ trap fr him and he walked right int it.③The stream has frzen up; yu can see the fish trapped ____ the ice.
were trapped　
6．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使專心
表示“專心于；致力于”的短語還有：be devted t；be lst in；be engaged in；be absrbed in；fcus/cncentrate n
單句語法填空①(天津高考書面表達(dá))Thugh ________(bury) in bks these days, I have still jined several student clubs in rder t imprve myself.②He sank int a chair, _________(bury) his face in his hands.③She sat n the grund, ________(bury) in thught.
一句多譯他埋頭看書，不知道外面正在下雨。(bury)④Because he _____________________________ his bks，he didn’t knw it was raining utside.⑤ __________________________，he was nt aware it was raining utside.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)
buried himself in/was buried in　
Burying himself in his bks　
7．breathe vi．& vt．呼吸
Slwly, the city began t breathe again.(P50)慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。
(1)breathe in吸氣breathe ut 呼氣breathe deeply 深呼吸(2)breath n．呼吸；氣息take a deep breath 深呼吸ut f breath 喘不過氣hld ne’s breath 屏住呼吸c(diǎn)atch ne’s breath 喘氣；歇口氣(3)breathless adj．喘不過氣來；目瞪口呆的
單句語法填空①The air in this city is s dirty that it is difficult __________ (breath)．②We were ut ____ breath when we gt t the tp f the hill.③Hw lng can a persn hld his ________ (breathe) under water depends n hw healthy he is.④The by tk ___ deep breath and dived int the water.
8．effrt n．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple，a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins．(P50)在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一個(gè)嶄新的唐山在地震廢墟上崛起。
with effrt 費(fèi)力地spare n effrt t d sth.不遺余力做某事make an effrt/effrts t d sth. 努力做某事
單句語法填空①What’s the pint，in yur pinin，f helping him if he desn’t make an effrt ________(help) himself?②Yu ught t have a will and spare n effrt ___________(achieve) yur target.
一句多譯我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。③We’ll _____________________ yu, but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties．(best)④We’ll ____________________ yu, but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.(effrt)⑤We’ll _____________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.(effrt)
try/d ur best t help　
make an effrt t help　
spare n effrt t help　
9．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦
Sme were fund alive，thugh they were suffering frm terrible injuries, but thers had already stpped breathing when they were discvered.(P51)有些人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)還活著，雖然他們受了重傷，但其他人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)已經(jīng)停止了呼吸。
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞suffer frm 受……折磨；患……病(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦惱；讓人痛苦的事sufferer n．受難者；患病者
單句語法填空①Amng bese children，abut 30 percent als suffer ______ high levels f bld sugar and fat.②The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f ___________ (suffer) during the war.③Shrtly after ___________ (suffer) frm a massive earthquake and being reduced t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.
句式升級④Jhn has suffered frm lung cancer fr many years．He has decided t give up smking.→_________________________________________，Jhn has decided t give up smking.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)
Having suffered frm lung cancer fr many years　
10．supply n．[pl.]補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給vt.供應(yīng)；供給
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry.(P52)向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的物資是從全國各地收集來的。
(1)a supply f……的供應(yīng)；一批in shrt supply供應(yīng)不足supply and demand供求關(guān)系(2)supply sb. with sth./supply sth. t sb.供應(yīng)某人某物
supply作名詞，表示“補(bǔ)給品”時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，即supplies。
單句語法填空①They used the mney __________ (supply) the schl with new textbks.②Whenever she ges ut with her baby，she always takes ___ large supply f baby fd with her.③Fd __________(supply) in the fld-stricken area are running ut.
一句多譯政府在地震發(fā)生后已經(jīng)向當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裉峁┝舜罅康氖澄锖鸵路?。④The gvernment has __________ plenty f fd and clthes ____ the lcal peple since the earthquake ccurred.⑤The gvernment has __________the lcal peple ______ plenty f fd and clthes since the earthquake ccurred.
11．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艱難度過
She’s feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake.(P52)她正在給地震中幸存的嬰兒喂食。
(1)survive sth.幸免于；從……中挺過來/活過來survive n依靠……生存下來survive frm...從……存活下來；流傳下來A survive B(by...)A比B活得長……(2)survivr n．幸存者(3)survival n．[U]幸存；[C]殘存物
survive 表示“幸存；幸免于”時(shí)為及物動詞，其后直接接賓語，不用再加介詞in或frm。
單句語法填空①(2019·江蘇卷)After all, nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts, feelings, and mst imprtantly, equal rights ___________ (survive)．②Nne f these seems t have much chance f __________ (survive)．③As far as I knw, the ld lady survived her husband ____ 5 years.
句式升級④After she had survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.→_________________________，she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．(分詞作狀語)
Having survived that night　
12．strike n．& vi．(struck，struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打；罷工；突然想到；打動，迷住；(鐘)敲 n．罷工；罷課；襲擊
The undersea quake struck arund 7:00 a.m., Sunday ff the west cast f Indnesia’s Sumatra Island.星期天早上7點(diǎn)左右，印尼蘇門答臘島西海岸發(fā)生海底地震。(P54)
(1)be struck with/by 為……所襲擊(感動)It strikes sb. that.．某人突然想到…… ne’s heart 使……刻骨銘心(2)be n strike 在罷工g n strike 舉行罷工(3) striker n．罷工者；前鋒
單句語法填空①The cal miners decided t g ____ strike fr better wrking cnditins.②It struck me ______ everyne was unusually silent.③I was stricken ____ his inspiring wrds.④An apple fell ff the tree and struck him n _____ head.
寫出下列句中strike的含義⑤The clck struck twelve when I gt hme last night．________⑥A terrible earthquake did strike the nrtheast f Japan n March 11．______⑦A gd idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper．__________⑧The visitrs were struck by the beauty f the West Lake．____________
13．effect n．影響；結(jié)果；效果
The film had quite an effect n her.這部影片對她影響極大。
(1) take effect 生效；見效cme int effect 生效have an effect/influence/impact/n/upn 對……產(chǎn)生影響put effect 實(shí)施；使……生效/起作用in effect 事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上be f n effect 沒有效果的；沒有影響的side effect 副作用cause and effect 因果(2)effective adj．有效的；有影響的(3)affect vt．影響
1．a(chǎn)sif似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！(P50)仿佛世界末日即將來臨！
(1)as if從句用陳述語氣：從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的。(2)as if從句用虛擬語氣：①從句用一般過去時(shí)；be動詞用were(與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反)；②從句用過去完成時(shí)(與過去的事實(shí)相反)；③從句用wuld/culd/might d形式(與將來的事實(shí)相反)。(3)as if從句可用省略形式，后面通常接不定式、分詞、形容詞或介詞短語。
單句語法填空①The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she ______ (be) their wn mther.②When he saw his mther at the street crner, the by cried sadly as if he ________________ (scld) by smene else.③He pened his muth as if _______ (say) smething imprtant.
had been sclded　
句式升級④The ld man was lying n the grund as if he was badly hurt.→The ld man was lying n the grund as if ___________.(狀語從句的省略)
badly hurt　
2．was 正要做某事，突然(就在這時(shí))……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(P54)我正和三個(gè)孩子吃早飯，這時(shí)水開始灌進(jìn)了我家里。
when為并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)；突然”，相當(dāng)于and then/and at that time
單句語法填空①I ______________ (wnder) whether t participate when my English teacher came by，telling me that it was a gd chance t display my talent.②She pened her eyes with a start and was abut t cry ut ______ she heard her father urgently telling her t keep quiet.③The prfessr had just finished his speech when students ________ (rush) ut f the classrm.
was wndering　
完成句子④約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽到了一聲尖叫。Jhn _____________ in his rm when he heard a scream.⑤我正要放棄，這時(shí)我最好的朋友鼓勵(lì)我繼續(xù)下去。I was ______________giving up when my best friend encuraged me t g n.(6)她剛剛做完作業(yè)，媽媽就讓她練習(xí)彈鋼琴。She _________________her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practise playing the pian.
was studying　
n the pint f　
had just finished　
Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．______ the aid f ur English teacher，we have made great prgress this term.2．As is knwn t all，a strng and __________ (pwer) China will certainly benefit the whle wrld.3．Heavy flds ________(strike) the Suth last week，causing great damage t the lcal peple.4．Several days later mst f the buildings which had been _________(damage) were repaired.
5．It is a pity that the 500-year-ld wden twer ______________ (destry) in the fire last year.6．Their inventins have cntributed t the develpment f ____________(electricity) engineering.7．In his life he set an example f bravery and ________(wise) t thers.8．Six mnths after ___________(suffer) ur defeat n the spring practice field，we wn ur first game.
was destryed　
9．The gvernment has declared a state f ___________(emergent) fllwing the earthquake.10．She heard the wind ___________(whistle) thrugh the trees and the hwl f a distant wlf.
Ⅱ.完成句子1．他講起英語來好像他是個(gè)美國人。(as if)He speaks English _____________________________.2．他妻子去世的消息使他大為震驚。(shck)The news f his wife’s death was _____________________.3．被認(rèn)為，這場風(fēng)暴造成多達(dá)4人死亡。(as many as)The strm is thught t be respnsible fr ____________________.
as if/thugh he were an American　
a terrible shck t him　
as many as fur deaths　
4．我站在那里，等著他。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)I std there, _______________.5．他們到得太晚了，沒能趕上第一班車。()They gt there ________________ the first bus.6．我正沿著河邊走，突然聽到了一個(gè)男孩的呼救聲。(be )I _____________________________ I heard a by crying fr help.
waiting fr him　
t late t catch　
was walking alng the river when　
Ⅲ.教材與語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。At 3:42 a.m., everything began t shake．It seemed as if the wrld came t 1．____ end! Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the 2．__________ (great)earthquakes f the 20th century had begun．It was felt in Beijing, 3．_______ is mre than 150 kilmetres away．One third f the natin felt it．
A huge crack that was eight kilmetres lng and thirty metres wide 4．_____ (cut)acrss huses, rads, and canals．Steam burst frm hles in the grund．Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt．In fifteen terrible secnds a large city lay 5．____ ruins．The suffering f the peple was extreme．Tw 6．________(three) f them died r were injured during the earthquake．Thusands f families were killed and many children were left withut parents．
The number f peple wh were killed r 7．___________ (serius) injured reached mre than 400,000.150, 000 sldiers were sent t Tangshan t help the rescue wrkers．They rganized teams 8．_______ (dig) ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead．Wrkers built shelters fr 9．_________ (survive) whse hmes 10．_________________ (destry)．Slwly，the city began t breathe again.
had been destryed　
Ⅳ.單元主題與高考寫作用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識完成滿分作文2008年四川汶川地震是一次致命性的地震，發(fā)生在2008年5月12日。在附近地區(qū)以及北京和上海都有震感，那里的寫字樓有輕微搖晃。這是自1976年唐山大地震以來對中國最致命的地震，也是21世紀(jì)最致命的地震。
It is knwn that Wenchuan was hit by a severe earthquake n May 12,2008. After the earthquake，everywhere we lked，we 1．______________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都變成了廢墟). 2．____________ (似乎) the wrld were cming t an end.Hwever，nt all hpe was destryed.
fund everything in ruins　
It seemed as if