高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)課件-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法與考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)

這是一份高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)課件-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法與考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)，共40頁(yè)。PPT課件主要包含了真題再現(xiàn)，知識(shí)鏈接等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
11《謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法與考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)》
１、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)：
不定式（t d）、 動(dòng)名詞（ ding）、現(xiàn)在分詞（ding）、 過(guò)去分詞（V-ed）
２、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的功能：
1.不定式相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞或副詞的功能。
2.動(dòng)名詞相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的功能。3.現(xiàn)在分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞或副詞的功能。4.過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞或副詞的功能。
３、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所作的成分
４、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用做定語(yǔ)
1.Please give him smething . A.eaten B. eating C. t eat D. t be eaten2.I need a pen . A. written B. t write C. t write with D. writing with3.The rm the sea is my grandpa’s A. faced B. facing C.t face D.faces4. The wman the clthes ver there is my aunt. A. washed B. being washed C. T wash D. washing
5.The bridge, in 1950,brke dwn in the fld. A.built B.had built C. building D. t be built6.Things are mighter(強(qiáng)大的)than things . A. seen; hearing B.seeing;heard C. t see; t hear D.seen;heard
Translate the fllwing sentences:1.將要到站的火車(chē)是從倫敦來(lái)的。2.今天晚上我還有一些家務(wù)要做。3.沒(méi)有什么值得擔(dān)心的。
The train t arrive is frm Lndn.
I have sme husewrk t d tnight.
There is nthing t wrry abut.
4.通向我家鄉(xiāng)的那條路非常的窄。5.在操場(chǎng)上踢足球的那個(gè)男孩是我的同桌。6.昨晚被警察抓住的那個(gè)小偷被投進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。
The rad leading t my hmetwn is very narrw.
The by playing ftball n the playgrund is my deskmate.
The thief caught by the plice last night was put int prisn.
Cmpare the phrases r sentences belw：
1. The rising sun The risen sun2. The man invited t the party is my bss. The man inviting many guests is my bss3. D yu want t see the dctr wrking n the case reprt in the ffice. D yu want t see the dctr t be sent fr frm Beijing4.I’m ging t buy sme picture-bks fr the children t read I have sme clthes t wash . I have sme clthes t be washed.
5.He rushed int the burning huse. The child standing ver there is my prblem being discussed nw has smething imprtant td with ur daily life. The prblem discussed yesterday has smething imprtant t d with ur daily life. Premier Zhu is a leader lved by the peple.
Summarize the usages f nnfinite verbs:
1）.動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的后面。2）.分詞做定語(yǔ)有時(shí)放在被修飾詞后，有時(shí)可以放在其前面
2. 與被修飾詞的關(guān)系：
1）不定式與被修飾詞可能是主謂關(guān)系，也可能是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。2）V-ing 與被修飾詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系3）過(guò)去分詞與被修飾詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系
3.動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間關(guān)系：
1）不定式可以表示發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后的動(dòng)作。2）現(xiàn)在分詞可以表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。3）過(guò)去分詞可以表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作或永久性的動(dòng)作。
D sme excises belw:
1.She will tell us why she feels s strngly that each f us has a rle in making the earth a better place t live. A. t have played B. t play C. t be played D. t be playing2.—Where shuld I send my frm? -- The persnal ffice is the place . A.fr sending it B. t send it t C. t send D. t send it3.There was a nise the sudden burst f light. A. fllwed B. fllwing C. t be fllwed D. being fllwed
Translate sme sentences:
1.由于贏得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，馬丁.路德金取得了一次上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)2.參觀里約熱內(nèi)盧的最好時(shí)間是在六月和七月。3.在那邊彈鋼琴的那個(gè)人是我們的音樂(lè)老師。
Winning a schlarship, Martin Lurther King gt a chance t g t cllege.
The best time t visit Ri de Janeir is in June and July
The man playing the pian there is ur music teacher.
=The man wh is playing the pian there is ur music teacher
５、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用做狀語(yǔ)：
1.He wke up nly t find himself lying n a bed in a hspital.2.為了在期末考試?yán)锶〉煤贸煽?jī)，你必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。3.There is smething fr everyne here and few visitrs leave Ri feeling dispinted4. Given mre attentin, the trees wuld grw better.5.做完他的家庭作業(yè)，他去打籃球了。 having received his reply, he decided t write again
Cmpare the fllwing sentences:
1.We are glad t hear the family was t pr t supprt std by the radside t talk abut the std by the radside talking abut the frm the tp f the hill,yu can find the city mre frm the tp f the hil ,the city is mre permitting, we will g ut fr a picnic permitting, we will g there.
Summarize the usages f nnfinite verbs:
1.動(dòng)詞不定式做狀語(yǔ)，可以表示目的、 。其做結(jié)果 和原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常置于句子的 ；做目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常置 于 ,也可以置于 。2.分詞做狀語(yǔ)常置于句首，可以用來(lái)表示 等。 如果狀語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作有先后，應(yīng)該采用完 成式。3.不定式和分詞做狀語(yǔ)都與主句的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂或動(dòng)賓 關(guān)系。而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。4.分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)可以與 相互轉(zhuǎn)換。
Cmplete the excises belw:
1.The news reprters hurried t the airprt, nly the film stars had left. A. T tell B. t be tld C. telling D. tld2.Can’t yu read? Mary said t the ntice A.angrily pinting B. and pint angrily C. t pint D.and angrily pintly
Translate the fllwing sentences:
1.為了減肥，她每天只吃一些水果。2.因?yàn)椴×?，他沒(méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)。3.不知道如何去做這事，我向我的老師尋求幫助。4.被父親打了一頓，那個(gè)小男孩不敢出門(mén)。
In rder t lse weight, he just eats sme fruits every day.
Being ill, he didn’t cme t schl.
Nt knwning hw t t it, I asked fr help frm my teacher.
Beaten by his father, the by dared nt g ut.
解題方法總結(jié) 解答考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的題目時(shí)，一定要保持頭腦冷靜。要遵循以下解題思路： ①解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定設(shè)空在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)墓δ?如狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ))； ②找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，確定該動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)是什么關(guān)系(主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng))； ③搜索句子中相關(guān)的時(shí)間信息，確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)形式； ④將該選項(xiàng)置入空中，看是否能夠做到字從意順、或是否能傳達(dá)有效信息、完成交際任務(wù)。
二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法作用及高考熱點(diǎn)
1.考查動(dòng)名詞作某些及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。
1. (2007 江蘇卷)—Can I smke here? —Srry. We dn’t allw ______ here. A. peple smking B. peple smke C. t smke D. smking2. (2007 遼寧卷)Yu can’t imagine what difficulty we had ___hme in the snwstrm. A. walked B. walk C. t walk D. walking
常用能接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞：admit, appreciate, avid, advise, can’t help, celebrate, cnsider, cmplete, delay, deny, dislike, enjy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, frgive, imagine, keep, mentin, mind, miss, pardn, permit, practice, prevent, resist, risk, stp, suggest, understand, allw等。
（二）考查動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法。
2.考查動(dòng)名詞作短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。
(2008江蘇卷)—They are quiet, aren’t they? —Yes. They are accustmed ______ at meals. A. t talk B. t nt talkC. t talking D. t nt talking2. (2006重慶卷)Isn’t it time yu gt dwn t ____ the papers. A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking3. (2006江西/改錯(cuò))I'm lking frward t hear frm yu sn.
1. 常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：leave ff, put ff, give up, can't help, can’t stand, feel like, insist n, think f, dream f, be fnd f, prevent…(frm), keep…frm, stp…(frm), prtect…frm, set abut, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in 等。 2. 下列短語(yǔ)中的t 為介詞，后面只能接動(dòng)名詞或名詞：lk frward t, be familiar t, we…t, put ne’s mind t, turn t, get dwn t, attribute…t, live up t, in relatin t, admit t, be devted t, wing t, thanks t, bject t, be accustmed t等。
3.考查不定式作某些及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。
(2005天津卷) I dn’t want _________like I’m speaking ill f anybdy, but the manager' s plan is unfair. A. t sund????? B. t be sunded?? C. sunding?????? D. t have sunded2. (2006北京卷) I can’t stand _________ with Jane in the same ffice. She just refuses _______ talking while she wrks. A. wrking; stpping B. t wrk; stpping C. wrking; t stp D. t wrk; t stp
常見(jiàn)的能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：affrd, agree, ask, arrange, attempt, beg, begin, chse, claim, determine, decide， dare, desire, demand, expect, fail, frget, hate, hpe, manage, intend, learn, help，like, lng, mean, need, ffer, plan, prefer, prepare, seek, pretend, prmise, refuse, remember, seem, tend, threaten, vlunteer, want, wish等。
4.考查某些動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)意義的差別。
1. (2007 安徽卷)—Rbert is indeed a wise man. —Oh, yes. Hw ften I have regretted ______ his advice! A. t take B. taking C. nt t take D. nt taking2. (2006湖南卷)If yu think that treating a wman well means always _____ her permissin fr things, think again. A. gets B. gt C. t get D. getting
接不定式或動(dòng)名詞意義有差別的動(dòng)詞：1.frget t d sth.忘記去做某事(未做); frget ding sth.忘記做過(guò)某事(已做)2. remember t d sth.記著去做某事(未做); remember ding sth. 記得做過(guò)某事(已做)3. stp t d sth.停下來(lái)去做另一件事; stp ding sth.停止做正在做的某事4. regret t d sth.對(duì)尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遺憾; regret ding sth.對(duì)已做的事情表示后悔5. try t d sth努力去做某事; try ding sth.做某事試一試6. mean t d sth. 打算、意欲做某事; mean ding sth.意味著做某事
1. (2008上海卷) If there’s a lt f wrk ______, I am happy t just keep n until it is finished. A. t d B. t be ding C. dne D. ding 2. (2007 全國(guó)卷I)—The last ne ________ pays the meal. —Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. t arrive D. arriving
（三）考查不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法。
1.考查不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法
不定式作定語(yǔ),不定式與被修飾詞往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來(lái)，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生。當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但t blame的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
2.考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法
1.(2006上海春) There are hundreds f visitr _______ in frnt f the Art Gallery t have a lk at Van Ggh's paintings. A. waited B. t wait C. waiting D. wait 2. (2006遼寧卷)I was tld that there were abut 50 freign students _____Chinese in the schl, mst _______were frm Germany. A. study; f whm B. study; f them C. studying; f them D. studying; f whm
現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。被修飾的名詞就是該現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)前置，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)后置。
3.考查過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法
過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示完成或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,與被修飾名詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。被修飾名詞是動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)含被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。單個(gè)詞放在所修飾詞前，短語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞后。
1. (2008上海卷) Thrughut histry, the language _____ by a pwerful grup spreads acrss a civilizatin A. speaking B. spken C. t speak D. t be spken2. (2008浙江卷)It is ne f the funniest things _______ n the Internet s far this year. A. finding B. being fund C. t find D. fund3. (2007 上海卷)The Twn Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the mst distinguished building at that time. A. t be cmpleted B. having been cmpleted C. cmpleted D. being cmpleted
（四）考查不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的用法。
1. 考查動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)搭配
1. (2007北京卷) —Excuse me sir,where is Rm 301? —Just a minute. I’ll have Bb ____yu t yur rm. A.shw B.shws C. t shw D. shwing2. (2008上海卷) Due t the heavy rain and flding, ten millin peple have been frced _____their hmes. A. leaving B. t leave C. t be left D. being left
1.需要不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：ask, advise, allw, beg, believe, call n, cause, cmmand, direct, feel, expect, enable, encurage, frce, get, hate, intend, invite, lead，like, rder, permit, persuade, prefer，request, remind, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。2. 要求省掉不定式的t作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞：feel, have, hear, help, let, listen t, lk at, make, ntice, bserve, see, watch等。
2. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)搭配
以下動(dòng)詞可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)：① see, hear, smell, feel, watch, find, ntice, bserve, lk at, listen t, catch等表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。②have, keep, get, set, send, leave等表示“致使”等意義的動(dòng)詞。
1. (2008上海卷) My sister, an inexpensive rider, was fund sitting n the bicycle ____ t balance it . A. having tried B. trying C. t try D. tried2. (2007 全國(guó)卷I) I smell smething _________ in the kitchen. Can I call yu back in a minute? A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. t be burnt3. (2007 上海卷)After a knck at the dr, the child heard his mther’s vice ______ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. t call
3. 考查過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)搭配
1. (2005天津卷)Yu shuld understand the traffic rule by nw. Yu’ve had it ______ ften enugh. A. explaining???B. t explain??????C. explain?????D. explained 2. (2007 福建卷) Jenny hpes that Mr. Smith will suggest a gd way t have her written English ______in a shrt perid. A.imprved B.imprving C.t imprve D.imprve
過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用于下列結(jié)構(gòu) ：1. keep/leave + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞(表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞)。2. have/get +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞: (A)讓/請(qǐng)/叫某人做某事; (B)遭遇到某種不幸。(C)使某事完成。3. make + neself +過(guò)去分詞。常見(jiàn)的過(guò)去分詞有：understd, knwn, heard，respected，nticed等。4.watch(ntice, see, hear, listen t, feel, find) +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài))　5. want (wish, like, expect, rder) +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞。
（五）考查不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。
1. 考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)
1. (2008北京卷)–Did the bk give the infrmatin yu needed? –Yes. But ________ it, I had t read the entire bk. A. t find B. find C. t finding D. finding2. (2007 上海春) _______the safety f gas, the gvernment has checked the city’s gas supply system thrughly. A．T ensure B．Ensuring C．Having ensured. D．T have ensured3. (2006廣東卷)______ this cake, yu'll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flur. A. Having made B. Make C. T make D. Making
只有不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。為了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，不定式前加in rder或s as.
2. 考查不定式, 分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)
1.不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的情況較少，主要出現(xiàn)在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：(1)t…t d結(jié)構(gòu); (2) t d結(jié)構(gòu)；(3) nly / just t d…(不料卻)。近幾年高考命題只考查nly/just t d結(jié)構(gòu), 且是高考熱點(diǎn)。2. 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的大多是分詞，常在句末, 用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
1.(2006陜西卷) He hurried t the bking ffice nly ________ that all the tickets had been sld ut. A. t tell B. t be tld C. telling D. tld 2. (2005山東卷)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start f the year, ___ a recrd US $57. 65 a barrel n April 4. A. have reached? B. reaching?? C. t reach? D. t be reaching3. (2005全國(guó)卷I) The strm left ,?_____a lt f damage t this area. A. caused?? B. t have caused?? C. t cause?? D. having caused
3. 考查分詞作原因、條件狀語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)
1.(2008重慶卷) ________ t reach them n the phne, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. T fail D. Having failed2. (2006福建卷)._____fr the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk, Alice was in lw spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. T blame D. T be blamed 3. (2007 浙江卷)______ by a greater demand f vegetables, farmers have built mre green huses. A. Driven B. Being driven C. T drive D. Having driven
1. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞都可作原因、條件狀語(yǔ)。但現(xiàn)在分詞表將來(lái)或主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表完成和被動(dòng)。表示原因，相當(dāng)于because, since和 as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。表示條件，相當(dāng)于if條件狀語(yǔ)從句。2. 現(xiàn)在分詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，過(guò)去分詞只有一般式。
4. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的基本用法
1.(2006浙江卷)When ______ different cultures, we ften pay attentin nly t the differences withut nticing the many similarities. A. cmpared B. being cmpared C. cmparing D. having cmpared2. (2008安徽卷) _______ in the fields n a March afternn, he culd feel the warmth f spring. A. T walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked3. (2007 陜西卷）________that she didn’t d a gd jb, I dn’t think I am abler than her. A. T have said B. Having said C. T say D. Saying
分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于when, befre, while, after, since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連詞while或when引出。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系,則用現(xiàn)在分詞。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,則用過(guò)去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，而過(guò)去分詞只有一般式。
5. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)的用法
1. (2008遼寧卷)He was busy writing a stry, nly ______ nce in a while t smke a cigarette. A. t stp B. stpping C. t have stpped D. having stpped2. (2006全國(guó)卷II) We ften prvide ur children with tys, ftballs r basketballs, _______ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. t think D. thught 3. (2006安徽卷)My cusin came t see me frm the cuntry, ______me a full basket f fresh fruits. A. brught B. bringing C. t bring D. had brught4. (2007 重慶卷)The children went hme frm the grammar schl, their lessns _______ fr the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)是高考考查的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)。特別是歷年全國(guó)卷中現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)的用法幾乎年年考查。
（六）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊句型及其它用法。
1. 考查“S + is said t d/t have dne.”句型
1. (2007 遼寧卷)The crwd cheered wildly at the sight f Liu Xiang, wh was reprted ______ the wrld recrd in the 110-meter hurdle race. A. breaking B. having brken C. t have brken D. break2. (2005江蘇卷)—Is Bb still perfrming? —I'm afraid nt. He is said___ the stage already as he has becme an fficial. A. t have left??????B. t leave?????C. t have been left?????D. t be left3. (2006湖北卷)AIDS is said ______ the biggest health challenge t bth men and wmen in that area ver the past few years. A. that it is B. t be C. that it has been D. t have been
句型“It is + said/believed/suppsed/knwn/etc.+ that-clause” 可以轉(zhuǎn)換為 “S + is said/believe/suppsed/knwn + t d/t have dne”。當(dāng)不定式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或之后發(fā)生，不定式用一般式，當(dāng)不定式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，不定式用完成式。
2. 考查“情感類(lèi)使動(dòng)詞”的-ing和-ed形式作形容詞的區(qū)別
情感類(lèi)使動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物或人的特征或性質(zhì)，常修飾說(shuō)明表示物的名詞。過(guò)去分詞形式用來(lái)指人的感覺(jué)或所處的狀態(tài)，常修飾表示人或人的表情的名詞。
1. (2007 江蘇卷)He is very ppular amng his students as he always tries t make them ______ in his lectures. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. t interest2. (2006天津卷)A gd stry des nt necessarily have t have a happy ending, but the reader ______ must nt be left. A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. t be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied 3. (2006四川卷)—Did yu enjy yurself at the party . —Yes. I've never been t ________ ne befre. A. a mre excited B. the mst excited C. a mre exciting D. the mst exciting
1. (2007 四川卷) The flwers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. t water2. (2008北京卷) ______ that she was ging ff t sleep, I asked if she’d like that little dll n her bed. A. Seeing B. T see C. See D. Seen3. (2008陜西卷) ________arund the Water Cube, we were then taken t see the Bird’s Nest fr the 2008 Olympic Games. A. Having shwn B. T be shwn C. Having been shwn D. T shw
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般式：表示該動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或?qū)?lái)發(fā)生。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成式：說(shuō)明該動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。2.分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該和句子的主語(yǔ)是一致的，即邏輯主語(yǔ)是該分詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用現(xiàn)在分詞，若是承受者，用過(guò)去分詞。
（七）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和邏輯主語(yǔ)的選擇
（九）近三年高考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞命題趨勢(shì)
1.從內(nèi)容上來(lái)看：不定式和分詞的用法較多。2.從形式上來(lái)看：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一般式占絕大多數(shù)。3.從功能上來(lái)看：主要考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)的用法。
不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞形式多樣，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，內(nèi)涵豐富,功能較多, 最能體現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)獨(dú)特的形式特征，又極易對(duì)中國(guó)考生帶來(lái)麻煩。因此,命題人熱衷于使用它們作為考查武器。2.考查立意較低,主要考查的非謂語(yǔ)的一些最基本的用法。 但是題目的設(shè)置注重了情景化和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化，加大了考生對(duì)題干句的理解難度。3.設(shè)問(wèn)的角度呈現(xiàn)出多樣化趨勢(shì)，不僅僅是非謂語(yǔ)間的互相干擾，同時(shí)利用了祈使句與以非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞開(kāi)首的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上相似的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)考生造成了很大的麻煩。4.2009年對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查密度增大。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的四大分類(lèi)均出現(xiàn)了較頻繁的考查. 總體來(lái)看，考查比較細(xì)，比較全。