高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 4 Natural disasters優(yōu)秀練習(xí)題

這是一份高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 4 Natural disasters優(yōu)秀練習(xí)題，文件包含專題35選擇性必修第4冊(cè)Unit4Sharing教師版---2023屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)人教版2019docx、專題35選擇性必修第4冊(cè)Unit4Sharing學(xué)生版---2023屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)人教版2019docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共52頁， 歡迎下載使用。

知識(shí)精講
知識(shí)點(diǎn)01 drag vt.拖；拉；扯 vt.& vi.緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)
先練基礎(chǔ)——單句語法填空
(1)The chemist with wrinkles (drag) the dusty parcel frm under the bed and unflded it.
【答案】dragged
再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦
(2)這位父親站起來，盯著大兒子的眼睛，把手窩成杯狀托住兒子的臉。
The man std up，gazed in the eyes f his ldest sn and cupped his hands ver his sn’s face.
(3)湯姆打開車門，把司機(jī)拽出來，把他送到警察局。
Tm pened the car dr，dragged the driver ut and sent him t the plice statin.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 privilege n．特權(quán)；特別優(yōu)待；優(yōu)惠待遇
v．給予特權(quán)；特別優(yōu)待
先練基礎(chǔ)——單句語法填空
(1)I take it fr granted that I have the privilege (enter) the lab at my will.
(2)I am (privilege) t relay t yu that yu have wn the first prize in the cmpetitin.
＝It is t relay t yu that yu have wn the first prize in the cmpetitin.
【答案】1. t enter2.privileged，a privilege
再提能力——完美寫作·詞匯升級(jí)·背誦
(3)(簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá))I am greatly hnred t deliver a speech n hw t prtect the envirnment.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))I am greatly privileged t deliver a speech n hw t prtect the envirnment.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 deserve vi.& vt.應(yīng)受；應(yīng)得；值得
先練基礎(chǔ)——單句語法填空
(1)Althugh he resigned，he still did whatever he culd t help the disabled，s he deserved .(praise)
＝Althugh he resigned，he still did whatever he culd t help the disabled，s he deserved .(praise)
＝Althugh he resigned，he still did whatever he culd t help the disabled，s he deserved .(praise)
【答案】1.praising，t be praised，praise
再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦
(2)面對(duì)新冠疫情的爆發(fā)，我姑姑毫不猶豫地前往武漢，在那里，她幫助挽救了成百上千的生命。因此，我姑姑值得尊敬。
Faced with the utbreak f COVID-19，my aunt went t Wuhan withut hesitatin，where she helped t save hundreds f lives.S my aunt deserves respect/respecting/t be respected.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4 granted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì)……不予重視
能力提升——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦
(1)我們總是一廂情愿地認(rèn)為地球可以提供給我們無窮無盡的自然資源，因此我們過度開發(fā)資源。
We always take it fr granted that the earth can prvide us with limitless natural resurces，s we verdevelp the resurces.
(2)上個(gè)月我負(fù)責(zé)演講活動(dòng)時(shí)，我認(rèn)真對(duì)待這件事。我充分利用每個(gè)向同學(xué)尋求建議的機(jī)會(huì)，因此我完美地組織了這次活動(dòng)。我的所有同學(xué)都以我為驕傲。
When I tk charge f the speech activity last mnth，I tk it seriusly.I tk advantage f every chance t ask my classmates fr their pinins s that I rganized the activity perfectly.All f my classmates tk pride in me.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)5 be
The ther day I was shwing the bys a chemistry experiment when，befre I knew it，the mixture was bubbling ut f the test tube spilling everywhere！
不久前的一天，我正給男孩子們演示一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就從試管里冒了出來，濺的到處都是！
先練基礎(chǔ)——單句語法填空
(1)We (swim) in the lake when suddenly the strm started.
(2)Tm had just fallen asleep smene kncked at the dr.
(3)The thief was abut t put his hand int the lady’s handbag the bus suddenly stpped.
【答案】1.were swimming2.when 3.when
再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦
(4)我們正要離開時(shí)隔壁房間突然發(fā)出了巨大的響聲。
We were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when a big nise came frm the next rm.
(5)我正在上網(wǎng)搜索相關(guān)信息我的手機(jī)突然響了。
I was searching the Internet fr the relevant infrmatin when my cellphne rang.
語法精講
短語
英語中的短語是有一定意義但不構(gòu)成獨(dú)立從句或句子的一組詞。從形式結(jié)構(gòu)角度劃分，英語的短語可分為名詞短語、動(dòng)詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語、介詞短語等。英語短語的句法功能通常與對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞的句法功能類似。
[觀察例句]
1．S I've been here in the jungle fr abut a mnth nw.
2．My secndary schl is a bush schl.
3．It takes me nly a few minutes t walk t schl dwn a dusty track cvered in weeds.
4．I've had t becme much mre imaginative in my teaching.
5．Right nw I'm feeling very excited.
[歸納用法]
1．例句1中的黑體部分為介詞短語。
2．例句2中的黑體部分為名詞短語。
3．例句3中的黑體部分為動(dòng)詞短語。
4．例句4中的黑體部分為形容詞短語。
5．例句5中的黑體部分為副詞短語。
一、名詞短語
名詞與它的修飾語一起即構(gòu)成名詞短語。完整的名詞短語由三個(gè)部分組成：限定詞、修飾詞、名詞。名詞短語可以充當(dāng)句子中的主語、賓語、表語等成分。
many gd students 許多優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生
his beautiful wife 他美麗的妻子
the best answer 最好的答案
thse sweet rses 那些甜美的玫瑰
These red rses are fr yu.(作主語)這些紅玫瑰是送給你的。
He brught a new bk with him.(作賓語) 他帶來了一本新書。
He is my best friend.(作表語)他是我最好的朋友。
名詞短語的三個(gè)部分并非每一次都要同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，在特定場(chǎng)合下，這三個(gè)部分都有可能省略。修飾詞是名詞短語中最不重要的部分，如果不需要描述名詞的狀態(tài)特征則完全可以省略。比如a bk同樣是正確的名詞短語。如果說話人確信聽眾知道自己在討論什么東西，則名詞也可以省略。比如Of thse answers，this ne is the best.這里的the best指的就是the best answer。在面對(duì)面交流的時(shí)候，修飾詞和名詞有時(shí)甚至可以一起省略。假設(shè)你在花店，用手指向一捧玫瑰花，對(duì)花店老板說“I want thse.”的話，花店老板很清楚你想要什么。
[即學(xué)即練1]
找出下列句中的名詞短語，并指出其作什么成分。
①I have three clse friends.

②There are sme red rses n that small table.

③The cute by wearing blue jeans is my brther.

【答案】1.three clse friends作賓語2.sme red rses作主語；that small table作賓語
3.the cute by作主語；blue jeans作賓語；my brther作表語
二、形容詞短語
形容詞短語是指由幾個(gè)形容詞或形容詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。
1．兩個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞可以由and，but等對(duì)等連詞連接，構(gòu)成形容詞短語。
Yur rm is large and beautiful.(作表語)你的房間大且美麗。
He is yung but clever.(作表語)他年輕但聰明。
2．very等程度副詞作修飾語，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。
It is very ht tday.(作表語)今天很熱。
The rad is lng enugh.(作表語)這路夠長(zhǎng)的。
3．介詞及其賓語可用在形容詞后修飾形容詞，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。
I am sure f success.(作表語)我確信會(huì)成功的。
The bttle is full f water.(作表語)瓶子里裝滿了水。
4．不定式在形容詞后作修飾語，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。
He is sure t cme.(作表語)他一定會(huì)來的。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
形容詞短語在句中還可以作狀語和后置定語。
1．形容詞短語作狀語說明主語的情況，可以表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的原因、方式、時(shí)間等，或?qū)χ^語作補(bǔ)充說明。
Afraid f difficulty，he prefers t d the easy maths prblem.(作原因狀語)
他害怕困難，寧愿做容易的數(shù)學(xué)題。
The lst by spent three days in the frest cld and hungry.(作伴隨狀語)
那個(gè)迷路的男孩又冷又餓地在森林中過了三天。
Wet r fine，he gt up at six and tk a walk in the park.(作讓步狀語)
不管天晴還是下雨他總是六點(diǎn)起床在公園里散散步。
2．形容詞短語作后置定語
Factries，big r small，can be seen there.在那里你可以看到大大小小的工廠。
The huse wrth is 500，000 yuan was sld by his sn.那棟價(jià)值高達(dá)五十萬人民幣的房子被他兒子賣掉了。
[即學(xué)即練2]
找出下列句中的形容詞短語，并指出其作什么成分。
①Glad t accept，the girl ndded her agreement.

②The rm was awfully dirty.

③He cast it a secnd time，and drew in an ld basket full f sand.

【答案】1.glad t accept作原因狀語
2.awfully dirty作表語
3.full f sand作后置定語
三、副詞短語
副詞短語是指由幾個(gè)副詞或副詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。在句中主要作狀語。
1．兩個(gè)或多個(gè)副詞可以由and，but等對(duì)等連詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。
I tried again and again.(作狀語)我試了一遍又一遍。
2．very，extremely，clearly等程度副詞作修飾語，可與其他副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。
He runs extremely fast.(作狀語)他跑得快極了。
The teacher speaks clearly enugh.(作狀語)老師說得夠清楚的。
3．其他類型的副詞短語
I was s deeply mved by his deeds that I culdn't fall asleep deep int the night.(作狀語)
他的行為深深打動(dòng)了我，在深夜我無法入睡。
We air the bedrms every day.(作狀語)我們每天給臥室通通風(fēng)。
[即學(xué)即練3] 找出下列句中的副詞短語
①He can finish that much quicker.

②She types quickly and crrectly.

③That man talked t much.

【答案】1.much quicker
2.quickly and crrectly
3.t much
四、動(dòng)詞短語
動(dòng)詞短語就是有些動(dòng)詞可以和一些別的詞構(gòu)成短語(以動(dòng)詞為中心)，表達(dá)一個(gè)概念，其作用和一個(gè)單獨(dú)動(dòng)詞差不多的一種固定搭配。在實(shí)際使用中，通常會(huì)把動(dòng)詞短語當(dāng)成一個(gè)整體。動(dòng)詞短語的搭配可分為下列五種基本類型：
1．動(dòng)詞＋介詞
g ver 復(fù)習(xí)，listen t 聽，think abut 考慮，lk fr 尋找，rely/depend n 依靠，lk int 調(diào)查，play with 玩，send fr 派人去請(qǐng)，cnsist f 由……構(gòu)成，arrive at 到達(dá)
He wants t check with his secretary befre he signs the paper.
在簽署該項(xiàng)文件之前，他想跟他的秘書商議一下。
He has been asked t accunt fr his absence.
他已被要求說明缺席的原因。
2．動(dòng)詞＋副詞
eat up 吃光，give up 放棄，hld up 舉起，put n 穿，上演，turn n 打開，try n 試穿
They were s far away that I culdn't make ut their faces clearly.
他們離得那么遠(yuǎn)，我沒法把他們的臉辨認(rèn)清楚。
Trains stp here in rder t pick up passengers nly.
火車在這里停車，只讓乘客上車。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”這類短語動(dòng)詞較容易出錯(cuò)。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語若是名詞，這個(gè)賓語可在短語的中間，亦可在短語的后面。如：Turn the light n.或 Turn n the light.賓語若是代詞，這個(gè)賓語只能放在短語的中間。如：Turn it n.
3．動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞
catch up with 趕上，get n with 與……相處，keep up with 跟上，d away with 廢除，lk dwn upn 輕視，lk frward t 期待，keep away with 脫離，g n with 繼續(xù)
Have the lawyers checked up n the curt prceedings very carefully?
律師們是否打算把法庭的記錄仔細(xì)審查一遍呢？
There are sme things that teachers will nt put up with.
有些事情教師是不會(huì)容忍的。
4．動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞
catch hld f 抓住，give lessns t 給……上課，make friends with 與……交朋友，take care f 照料
We must keep pace with the new develpment f mdern scientific research.
我們必須跟上現(xiàn)代科學(xué)研究的新發(fā)展。
Peple wh take part in sprts must be in cnditin.
參加運(yùn)動(dòng)的人一定能保持良好的健康狀態(tài)。
5．動(dòng)詞＋形容詞＋介詞
be fnd f 愛好，be familiar with 熟悉，be suitable fr 適合于，be late fr 遲到，be gd at 擅長(zhǎng)于，be afraid f 害怕
Others may be fnd f titles and hnrs，but I am nt.人皆好名，我則不然。
Yu cward! What are yu afraid f?你這膽小鬼！你怕什么呢？
[即學(xué)即練4] 找出下列句中的動(dòng)詞短語
①I dn't get n with the peple at wrk.

②I dn't much care fr televisin.

③I'm afraid I'll have t ring ff.Smene is calling me.

【答案】1.get n with2.care fr3.ring ff
五、介詞短語
介詞短語是介詞和其他代詞或名詞或詞組搭配形成的短語。在句中作狀語、表語、補(bǔ)語、定語等。
1．常見的介詞短語
(1)介詞＋名詞：at the dr，int the bag
(2)介詞＋代詞：fr me，f thers
(3)介詞＋動(dòng)名詞：in ding s，t my saying that
(4)介詞＋連接副詞/連接代詞/what從句：ver what he had better d
(5)介詞＋連接副詞/連接代詞＋不定式：n hw t d this
(6)介詞＋介詞短語：frm acrss the street，until after dinner
(7)介詞＋副詞：frm belw
(8)介詞＋復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with the light n
(9)介詞＋不定式(but/except)： nthing but sleep
2．介詞短語的用法
(1)用作表語
The huse is in fairly gd cnditin.這所房子狀況尚好。
She lks like her mther.她像她母親。
(2)用作賓語
Chse a bk frm amng these.從這些書中選一本吧。
The windw is never pened except in summer.除夏天外，這扇窗戶從未打開。
(3)用作定語
I like the design n his tie.我喜歡他領(lǐng)帶上的圖案。
I've decided t leave n the afternn f the 18th.我決定18號(hào)下午離開。
(4)用作狀語
Mr Smith was injured in the war.史密斯先生在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間受過傷。
He walked by me withut nticing me.他從我身旁走過而沒有注意到我。
(5)用作補(bǔ)語
Kelly is emplyed as a mechanic.(賓語補(bǔ)足語)凱利受雇當(dāng)技工。
He is regarded as the best dctr in twn.(主語補(bǔ)足語)他被認(rèn)為是本城最好的醫(yī)生。
[即學(xué)即練5] 找出下列句中的介詞短語
①A man stepped ut frm behind the wall.

②Change the il in the car every 5，000 miles.

③I saw him walking alng the street.

【答案】1.frm behind the wall
2.in the car
3.alng the street
Ⅰ.指出下列句中的黑體部分屬于哪種類型的短語
1．The kids are playing n the grass rather happily.
2．They picnicked in the wds.
3．I wn't g hme until after the exam.
4．It was n surprise when we were tld that ur grandfather had passed away.
5．D yu knw the reasn why the autmbile breaks dwn？
6．At last，the plice fund ut the car full f drugs.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I can t catch yu at least.我跑得足夠快，至少能抓到你。
2．I knw he is slw at understanding，but yu have t ．
我知道他理解力差，但你得對(duì)他耐心些。
3．Did yu d this ? 你這樣做是有意的還是無意的？
4．This is an article ．這是一篇很值得研究的文章。
5．They need mre materials relevant t ．他們需要更多的和目前問題有關(guān)的資料。
【答案】1. run fast enugh2.be patient with him3.by design r by accident4.wrthy f careful study5.the present questin
寫作園地
演講稿
演講稿包括發(fā)言稿、致辭、競(jìng)選稿等，句子要求短小精悍、鏗鏘有力。贊成什么、反對(duì)什么要旗幟鮮明，不能模棱兩可。
[基本框架]
1．稱呼語：最常用的是ladies and gentlemen，也可根據(jù)情況選用my dear friends；hell，everyne等。
2．具體內(nèi)容：開門見山，提出主題，對(duì)主題要進(jìn)行清楚、客觀的論述，最后簡(jiǎn)明扼要地總結(jié)演講。
3．結(jié)尾：最常用的結(jié)尾是Thank yu fr yur listening。
[常用詞塊]
1．like t help strangers喜歡幫助陌生人
2．be full f lve充滿愛
3．need thers' help需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助
4．a(chǎn)ppeal fr aid懇求援助
5．hld a heated discussin開展熱烈的討論
6．pr children in need in remte areas需要幫助的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的貧困兒童
7．make ur sciety mre harmnius讓社會(huì)更加和諧
8．lack necessities f life缺少生活必需品
9．be badly in need f ur assistance急需我們的幫助
10．with ur jint effrts在我們的共同努力下
[常用語句]
★奪人眼球開頭句
My name I am very glad t have the pprtunity t make this presentatin.I shall be speaking abut...
我是……今天很高興能有機(jī)會(huì)做這個(gè)演講。我演講的內(nèi)容是……
Gd mrning，everyne! It is my great hnr t share with yu my pinins n...
大家上午好！很榮幸能和你們分享一下關(guān)于……我的看法。
It's my hnur t stand here and say smething abut friendship.
站在這里，談?wù)勱P(guān)于友誼的話題對(duì)我來說是件榮幸的事情。
★亮點(diǎn)出彩主體句
The tpic f my speech tday is...我今天演講的主題是……
As far as I am cncerned，I think it is a gd idea t...就我而言，我認(rèn)為……是一個(gè)好主意。
I wuld like t cncentrate n the prblem f...我想把重點(diǎn)集中在……問題上。
As is knwn t us all，failure is the mther f success，but few peple can really understand what the saying means.
我們都知道失敗是成功之母，可是很少有人真正理解這句格言的真諦。
★韻味無窮結(jié)尾句
Thanks fr yur listening (t my speech)．感謝大家傾聽我的演講。
That's all I want t say abut this pint.關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，我就講這些。
假如你是李華，現(xiàn)任學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)主席。最近，你所在的城市正開展“幫助貧困孩子”的活動(dòng)。你將代表學(xué)生會(huì)起草一份演講稿，號(hào)召同學(xué)們幫助這些孩子們，并利用暑假時(shí)間積極到邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去參加志愿者活動(dòng)。主要包括以下要點(diǎn)：
1．介紹貧困孩子的現(xiàn)狀；
2．呼吁同學(xué)們參加活動(dòng)。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．開頭語和結(jié)束語已給出，不計(jì)詞數(shù)。
Dear brthers and sisters，
Gd mrning，everyne! I'm Li Hua，chairman f the Students' Unin.








Thanks fr yur listening.
【參考范文】
Dear brthers and sisters，
Gd mrning，everyne! I'm Li Hua，chairman f the Students' Unin.I am earnestly calling fr yur active participatin in the campaign t be held in ur city，whse theme is t help pr children in need in remte areas.
Far away frm the city，many children f ur age are terribly lacking in necessities f life.Besides，gd educatin is unavailable fr them.What's wrse，sme are living alne withut their parents' cmpany.They are badly in need f ur assistance nw.
D nt hesitate t jin us t be a vlunteer in such a meaningful event.I have a firm belief that with ur jint effrts，the children there will surely have a brighter future.
Thanks fr yur listening.
分層提分
題組A 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題1分，共8分)
1．The n the premier’s face suggest that he is n lnger yung.
2．I am t have a chance t share my experience with all f yu.
3．She takes great pride in wearing schl t stand fr her schl.
4．Yung peple ften take it fr that parents shuld satisfy whatever they desire.
5．This man his status as ne f the mst ppular cmpsers in Western musical histry.
6．The f the frest trees prvides a hme fr birds and ther species(物種) that depend n the trees’ flwers and fruits.
7．His parents were annyed t hear that he had (辭職) frm the cmpany.
8．We were disappinted that they insisted n such a (死板的) explanatin f the rules.
【答案】1.wrinkles 2.privileged 3.unifrm 4.granted 5.deserves 6.shade
Ⅱ.詞形變化填空(用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(每小題2分，共12分)
9．The huse had been vacant fr a lng time，s it was very (dust)．
10．I with a abut hw t run my business well last week.(cnsult)
11．This is an issue attentin.That is，the issue paying attentin t.(deserve)
12．The are ften laughed at because f their .(disable)
13．I am keen n ，s I desire t be a studying
changes.(chemistry)
14．We can live a life because f ecnmic .(stable)
【答案】 ，cnsultant 11.deserving ，deserves 12.disabled ，disabilities13.chemistry，chemist ，chemical 14.stable ，stability
Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題2分，共10分)
15．每天我花費(fèi)三個(gè)小時(shí)完成家庭作業(yè)。

16．我正在讀一本有趣的小說，這時(shí)媽媽沖了進(jìn)來。
.
17．我喜歡讀歷史經(jīng)典作品，這使我能夠欣賞中國(guó)語言之美。
I enjy reading classical wrks f histry，
18．我看見他們?cè)诠珗@里吵架呢。
.
19．塑料袋不僅造成嚴(yán)重污染而且它們對(duì)人們的健康有害。
but (als) they d harm t peple’s health.
【答案】15.It takes me three hurs t finish my hmewrk every day.16.I was reading an interesting nvel when my mther rushed in17.enabling/which enables me t appreciate the beauty f the Chinese language18.I saw them quarreling with each ther in the park19.Nt nly can plastic bags cause serius pllutin
題組B 能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空——復(fù)習(xí)本單元Reading and Thinking部分
J wrked at a bush schl 1. classrms were made f bamb and the rfs f grass.There’s n electricity 2. running water.It tk sme students abut tw hurs
(get) t schl.The ther day，J was shwing the bys 4. experiment when the mixture was bubbling ver everywhere and the bys started jumping ut f the windws.J dubted
she was making any 6. (different) t the children’s lives by teaching them.J and Jenny visited Tmbe’s hme.When they arrived at the village，Tmbe’s mther started 7. (cry) “ieee ieee”．Tmbe’s father led them t his huse，a lw，rund bamb hut with grass 8. (stick) ut f the rf，where they culd nly see a few saucers，a kettle，cups，pans and a cuple f jars.What they
(eat) were sweet ptates，crn and greens.That night J and Jenny slept n a
10. (new) made platfrm.They left the village the next mrning after many gdbyes and firm handshakes.
【答案】1.whse 2.r 3.t get4.an 5.whether/if
請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語法項(xiàng)目：短語)
eq \x(unifrm，circuit，privilege，pray，tablet，tune)
Lately I have resigned frm my present jb and signed a cntract with a secndary schl fr the disabled in a remte village.At first my parents ppsed my decisin，but nw they are singing a different 1. .Fr me，it is a 2. t teach in the schl.Every day I am greeted by a chrus f “gd mrning.” The dusty clay huts act as classrms，whse drways are very narrw and there are n rubbers，tubes fr chemical experiments r platfrms.With the campus full f weeds，there are n washrms.Students dn’t wear cttn 3. .All the students’ husing is quite simple.The nly pssessins are saucers，fireplaces，kettles，pans，jars and grills，nt t mentin 4. and ther mdern devices that we take fr granted.They eat ripe rice and they even dn’t thrw away leftvers.In my spare time，I d a 5. f the villages t help thse with disabilities and prvide them with cnsultatin.I want t relay t peple that the disabled need help and I 6. that mre and mre peple can be vlunteers.
【答案】 5.circuit 6.pray
題組C 培優(yōu)拔尖練
A
In an effrt t infrm ur citizens t clear the street snw，the city adpts a snw remval plan.
Rutes used by City Emergency Services cme first.Secndly，cnnectr streets will be cleared which allw citizens the greatest access t public rads.And thirdly，rads within neighbrhds will be cleared.
Snw remval and ice cntrl will start when：
* Snw accumulates 4 inches r mre.
* Weather cnditins d nt endanger the safety f rad crew.
* Snw falls during peak traffic perids f heavy use f main streets.
Snw and ice remval will be delayed r cancelled when：
* There is severe cld，significant wind and limited visibility.
* The snwfall ccurs n the weekend r a hliday and is nt cnsidered a threat t public safety.In that case，snw and ice remval may take place n the next nrmal weekday.
* Snw and ice may be left n radways if melting is bvius.
Yur cperatin is requested during snw remval and these suggestins may apply：
* Limit travel during strms.Travel is pssible nce rads have been cleared r salted by the rad crew.
* Avid remving snw frm yur driveway int the rad.Pile the snw in yur yard.
* Park yur vehicles in yur driveways and ff the rad r sidewalks.
* Keep public sidewalks next t yur huse clear f snw and ice.
* Be respnsible fr remving this snw which is thrwn by the snw plugh(犁) frm yur driveways.Hpefully，yu can understand this incnvenience.
1．When will the snw have t be remved?
A．If it reaches a certain thickness.
B．If the main streets are nt busy.
C．If the snw and ice begin t melt.
D．If extreme weather makes rads dangerus.
A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Snw accumulates 4 inches r mre.”可知，當(dāng)積雪達(dá)到一定厚度時(shí)，就必須開始除雪工作。故選A。
2．What shuld citizens d t cperate in the snw remval?
A．Help t put the salt n the rad.
B．Pile the snw nearby t the rad.
C．Thrw the snw int the driveways.
D．Clear the sidewalks clse t their huses.
D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第二句“Keep public sidewalks next t yur huse clear f snw and ice.”可知，市民需要清理他們家附近的公共人行道上的冰雪。故選D。
3．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．Clearance f emergency rutes is a pririty.
B．Snw and ice must be remved n the weekends.
C．Citizens play the mst imprtant rle in snw remval.
D．The pster is t infrm citizens f an ncming heavy snw.
A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Rutes used by City Emergency Services cme first.”可知，城市應(yīng)急服務(wù)線路優(yōu)先，也就是說清除緊急通道是一項(xiàng)優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。故選A。
B
Mre than ￡5,500 has been raised after a plea(請(qǐng)?jiān)? last Mnday by a vet Dr Sctt Miller.Sctt said，“I wuld like t say a massive thank-yu t Express readers frm myself，frm Australia and frm the kalas.It’s amazing that peple frm acrss the wrld can see hw significant the catastrphe has been.I d appreciate that peple are being very supprtive and reaching int their pckets.” An area，a third f the size f Britain is estimated t have been ravaged(毀壞) since the blazes(火災(zāi)) began in September.
On Friday，a state f emergency was declared in the capital Canberra，with residents tld t prepare t evacuate as fires n the utskirts(市郊) threatened t spread.A billin animals are feared t have died，including 25,000 kalas.
Last week Sctt tld hw he had visited his hmeland，helping t save wildlife n Kangar Island ff the cast f Adelaide.While there he rescued a mther and a baby kala wh were stuck in a tree.The pair were rushed t a field hspital n the island t be treated.The mum had severe burns t her paws and was badly dehydrated(脫水的)，while her baby sn had an eye injury and was underweight.
Sctt，wh has appeared n ITV’s This Mrning and BBC’s Blue Peter，said the mther is shwing “great signs f imprvement” and her wunds are starting t heal.The baby has undergne surgery t his eye and is “recvering frm the anesthetic(麻藥) and ding well”．
But he added，“The mther remains dehydrated s it isn’t prducing enugh milk t feed the baby.At the mment they’re being hused severally but there is the hpe that when the baby is a little strnger he will be able t be returned t his mther.”
Even after they recver，the pair will prbably spend their lives in an enclsure while the bush takes years t recver.Sctt said，“Sadly patients are still cming in thick and fast.Each f these animals is requiring t be hused and fed，and regular medical treatment t their injuries.”
4．What can be inferred frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Dr Sctt dnated mre than ￡5,500.
B．Residents were asked t mve t Canberra.
C．Numerus animals might have lst their lives.
D．A large area f Britain has been badly damaged by the fire.
C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“A billin animals are feared t have died，including 25,000 kalas.”可推知，大量的動(dòng)物可能因?yàn)榛馂?zāi)失去了生命。故選C。
5．What did Dr Sctt d after returning t his hmeland?
A．He was rushed t the field hspital t receive treatment.
B．He assisted t rescue the wildlife n Kangar Island.
C．He hsted the ITV’S This Mrning.
D．He fed the underweight baby kala.
B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Last week Sctt tld hw he had visited his hmeland，helping t save wildlife n Kangar Island ff the cast f Adelaide.”可知，上周 Sctt講述了他如何訪問自己的祖國(guó)，幫助拯救阿德萊德海岸袋鼠島上的野生動(dòng)物。故選 B。
6．What des the underlined wrd in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Separately. B．Seriusly.
C．Successfully. D．Sympathetically.
A【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句后半部分“ there is the hpe that when the baby is a little strnger he will be able t be returned t his mther.”的句意及句中表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞 but 可判斷此處單詞為“分別地，各自地”之意，故選 A。
7．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．A Big Australian Fire
B．Peple’s Generus Dnatin
C．Kalas’ Recvery
D．Rescuing Kalas
D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文并結(jié)合第三段第一句“Last week Sctt tld hw he had visited his hmeland，helping t save wildlife n Kangar Island ff the cast f Adelaide.”可知，本文主要介紹了在澳大利亞森林大火后受傷的考拉得到了人們尤其是Dr Sctt救助的故事，故選D。
C
Why are sme peple better able t fight ff the flu than thers? Part f the answer，accrding t a new study，is related t the first flu strain we encunter in childhd.
Scientists frm UCLA and the University f Arizna have fund that peple’s ability t fight ff the flu virus is determined nt nly by the subtypes f flu they have had thrughut their lives，but als by the sequence(順序) in which they have been infected by thse viruses.Their study was published in the pen-access jurnal PLS Pathgens.The research ffers an explanatin fr why sme peple becme much wrse than thers when infected with the same strain f the flu virus.
In additin，UCLA scientists，including Prfessr James Llyd-Smith，wh was als a senir authr f the PLS Pathgens research，recently cmpleted a study that analyzed travel-related screening fr the 2019 nvel crnavirus(新型冠狀病毒)．The researchers reprted that screening travelers is nt very effective fr the 2019 crnavirus—that it will catch less than half f infected travelers，n average—and that mst infected travelers are undetectable，meaning that they have n symptms yet，and are unaware that they have been expsed.S stpping the spread f the virus is nt simply a matter f enhancing screening methds at airprts and ther travel centers.
“This puts the nus(責(zé)任，負(fù)擔(dān)) n gvernment fficials and public health fficials t fllw up with travelers after they arrive，t islate them and trace their cntacts if they get sick later，” said Llyd-Smith，a UCLA prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy.“Many gvernments have started t impse quarantines(隔離)，r even travel bans，as they realize that screening is nt sufficient t stp the spread f the crnavirus.”
One majr cncern，Llyd-Smith said，is that ther cuntries，especially develping natins，lack the infrastructure and resurces fr thse measures，and are therefre vulnerable t imprting the disease.“Much f the public health wrld is very cncerned abut the virus being intrduced int Africa r India，where large ppulatins exist that d nt have access t advanced medical care，” he said.
8．What is the significance f the scientists’ research?
A．It explains the cause f the flu virus.
B．It reduces the risk f peple being infected.
C．It analyzes peple’s ability t fight ff the virus.
D．It stps the spread f the flu virus all arund the wrld.
C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，這項(xiàng)研究解釋了為什么有些人在感染了相同毒株的流感病毒后會(huì)變得比其他人更糟糕。由此可知，這項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究的意義就是分析了人們對(duì)抗病毒的能力。故選C。
9．What d we knw abut the nvel crnavirus frm Paragraph 3?
A．Travelers are at high risk f being expsed t it.
B．It is mre difficult t stp its spread than expected.
C．Mst travelers infected with it are detected by screening.
D．It spreads especially quickly at airprts and railway statins.
B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，研究人員報(bào)告說，對(duì)旅行者進(jìn)行篩查對(duì)2019年冠狀病毒感染并不是很有效——平均來說，只有不到一半的受感染旅行者會(huì)被檢測(cè)到——而且大多數(shù)受感染的旅行者是檢測(cè)不到的，這意味著他們還沒有癥狀，而且不知道他們已經(jīng)接觸了病毒。由此可知關(guān)于新型冠狀病毒，阻止它的傳播比預(yù)期的要困難，故選B。
10．Why des the writer mentin Llyd-Smith’s wrds in Paragraph 4?
A．T persuade peple nt t travel.
B．T prvide a methd t kill the virus.
C．T shw the harmful effects f the virus.
D．T stress the respnsibilities f fficials.
D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，史密斯的意思是政府要重視隔離和追蹤接觸者，即史密斯是在強(qiáng)調(diào)政府官員的責(zé)任。故選D。
11．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in the last paragraph?
A．Weak. B．Impssible.
C．Respnsible. D．Indifferent.
A【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前半句可知，勞埃德·史密斯說，一個(gè)主要的擔(dān)憂是，其他國(guó)家，特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家，缺乏采取這些措施的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和資源，由此可知后半句意為“因此很容易輸入這種疾病”，因此推斷vulnerable的意思是“易受攻擊的，脆弱的”，故選A。
重點(diǎn)詞匯
閱讀單詞
1．weed n．雜草；野草vt.& vi.除雜草
2．clay n．黏土；陶土
3．bubble vi.起泡；沸騰
4．jaw n．頜；下巴
5．circus n．馬戲團(tuán)
6．hut n．簡(jiǎn)陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
7．fireplace n．壁爐
8．saucer n．茶碟；杯托
9．kettle n．(燒水用的)壺；水壺
10．pan n．平底鍋；烤盤
11．jar n．罐子；壇子
12．grill n．烤架；烤肉餐館
13．drway n．門口；出入口；門道
14．leftver adj.吃剩的；殘留的n.吃剩的食物；遺留物
15．handshake n．握手
16．chrus n．合唱曲；合唱團(tuán)vt.合唱；齊聲說
17．plug vt.封堵；補(bǔ)足n.堵塞物；插頭；插座
18．tablet n．平板電腦；便箋本；藥片
19．cntract vt.感染(疾病)；與……訂立合同(或契約)n.合同；契約
20．grant vt.同意；準(zhǔn)許n.撥款
21．jam n．果醬；堵塞
22．tube n．管子；管狀物
23．washrm n．洗手間；廁所
24．tune n．曲調(diào)；曲子vt.調(diào)音；調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)頻道
25．relay vt.轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)；轉(zhuǎn)播n.接力賽；接班的人
26．cardiac adj.心臟病的；心臟的
27．circuit n．巡回；環(huán)形線路
28．hypthetical adj.假設(shè)的；假定的
29．Papua New Guinea 巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞(國(guó)家名)
30．Ghana 加納(國(guó)家名)
31．Cng 剛果(國(guó)家名)
32．Panama 巴拿馬(國(guó)家名)
重點(diǎn)單詞
1．parcel n．包裹vt.裹好；打包
2．mail n．郵件；信件；郵政vt.郵寄；發(fā)電郵給
3．secndary adj.中學(xué)的；次要的
4．privilege n．優(yōu)惠待遇；特權(quán)
5．cttn n．棉布；棉花
6．unifrm n．校服；制服adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的
7．lately adv.最近；不久前；近來
8．shade vt.給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分
9．rigid adj.死板的；固執(zhí)的
10．wrinkle vt.& vi.(使臉上)起皺紋；皺起 n．皺紋
11．frehead n．額；前額
12．husing n．住房；住宅
13．platfrm n．平臺(tái)；站臺(tái)；舞臺(tái)
14．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)
15．resign vi.& vt.辭職；辭去
16．input n．情況；信息；投入；輸入 vt.輸入
17．criterin n．(pl.criteria)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；原則
18．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈禱
詞匯拓展
1．dust n．沙土；灰塵vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布滿灰塵的
2．rubber n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡膠→rub vt.& vi.擦；摩擦；揉；搓
3．chemist n．化學(xué)家；藥劑師；藥房→chemistry n．化學(xué)→chemical adj.化學(xué)的
4．ripe adj.成熟的；時(shí)機(jī)成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟
5．disabled adj.有殘疾的；喪失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障礙→disable vt.使(某人)殘廢；使……無能
6．deserve vt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受→deserving adj.值得的；應(yīng)得的
7．cnsultatin n．咨詢；咨詢會(huì)→cnsult vt.咨詢；請(qǐng)教→cnsultant n．顧問
8．stability n．穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)→stable adj.穩(wěn)定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不穩(wěn)定的
重點(diǎn)詞組
1．a(chǎn) chrus f 齊聲；異口同聲
2．nt t mentin 更不用說；且不說
3．take fr granted 認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì)……不予重視
4．relay t 轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給……；轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給……
5．pray that 但愿
重點(diǎn)句型
1．It takes me nly a few minutes t walk t schl dwn a dusty track cvered in weeds.
我只要幾分鐘就走到學(xué)校了，路上塵土飛揚(yáng)，雜草叢生。
2．The ther day I was shwing the bys a chemistry experiment when，befre I knew it，the mixture was bubbling ut f the test tube spilling everywhere!
不久前的一天，我正給男孩子們演示一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就從試管里冒了出來，濺的到處都是！
3．Lately，all f us have seen Chinese peple n TV in far-ff places in the wrld，helping ther cuntries t develp.
最近，我們都在電視上看到中國(guó)人民在世界上遙遠(yuǎn)的地方幫助其他國(guó)家發(fā)展。
4．And we see Chinese miners，il wrkers，agricultural experts，mechanics，and dctrs wrking in nearly every crner f the wrld.
我們看到中國(guó)礦工、石油工人、農(nóng)業(yè)專家、機(jī)械師和醫(yī)生幾乎在世界的每個(gè)角落工作。
5．Nw，nt nly are Tanzanians helped by the hspital，but peple in neighburing cuntries are helped as well.
現(xiàn)在，不僅坦桑尼亞人得到了醫(yī)院的幫助，鄰國(guó)的人們也得到了幫助。
讀后續(xù)寫之手的肢體動(dòng)作：drag/draw/pull拉；cup ne’s hands ver...把手窩成杯狀；slide ne’s hands int...將手伸進(jìn)；put ne’s hands t ne’s cheeks用雙手捂住臉；spread ne’s hands攤開雙手
?It is a privilege t d sth.做某事是一種殊榮。
have the privilege t d/f ding sth.有特權(quán)做某事
?privileged adj.有特權(quán)的；受特別優(yōu)待的
be privileged t d sth.有幸做某事
deserve sth.值得；應(yīng)得某事/物
deserve ding/t be dne值得被……(此處用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：need，want，require等)
deserve it(口語)活該；自作自受
?take it fr granted that＋從句 認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然
?認(rèn)真對(duì)待……
take ne’s time不用急；慢慢來
take pride in以……自豪
take charge f負(fù)責(zé)，掌管
take advantage f利用
句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時(shí)突然”。when表示“這時(shí)突然”之意，還用于以下三種句型：
?be abut t 正要做……突然……
?be n the pint f 正要做……突然……
?had (just) 剛做完……這時(shí)突然……
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