2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題課件：定語從句-做題技巧

這是一份2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題課件：定語從句-做題技巧，共44頁。PPT課件主要包含了which，that，是否缺主語或賓語，as 的使用，定語從句，them，whom，him，定語從句與并列句，thatwhich等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
考點(diǎn)1：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用
The wman — she lives next dr — is a dctr.
The wman wh lives next dr is a dctr.
注：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語不能省略 關(guān)系代詞指代人用“wh”或”that”
We knw a lt f peple— they live in Lndn.
We knw a lt f peple wh live in Lndn.
The machine— it brke dwn — has nw been repaired.
The machine which brke dwn has nw been repaired.
注：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語不能省略 關(guān)系代詞指代物用“which”或”that”
Barbara wrks fr a cmpany_____________.The bk is abut a girl ________________.What was the name f the hrse __________?The plice have caught the men __________.
which makes washing machine
wh runs away frm hme
that wn the race
wh stle my car
The wman — I wanted t see her— was away n hliday.
The wman I wanted t see whm was away n hliday.
The wman whm I wanted t see was away n hliday.
關(guān)系代詞作賓語代人用“whm， wh, that,或省略”。
Have yu fund the keys— Yu lst the keys ?
Have yu fund the keys Yu lst which ?
Have yu fund the keys whichYu lst ?
注：關(guān)系代詞作賓語代物用“which，that, 或省略”。
Are these the keys_____________.They party_________________ was n fun.I like the peple_____________?Gerge is smebdy__________.
yu were lking fr
we went t last night
yu can rely n
I went back t the twn- I was brn in the twn.
I went back t the twn I was brn where/in which.
I went back t the twn where/in which I was brn.
注：關(guān)系副詞where作地點(diǎn)狀語，Where=介+which “where”不能省略。
I went back t the twn （which/that）I was brn in.
There were many days- we ate nly ne meal in thse days
There were many days- we ate nly ne meal when/in which.
There were many days when/in which we ate nly ne meal.
注：關(guān)系副詞when作時間狀語， “when”=介+which在非正式語體中：關(guān)系副詞when 時常省略，也可用that替換
The reasn- I became a teacher fr this reasn - is that I like kids.
The reasn I became a teacher why/fr which is that I like kids.
The reasn (why/fr which) I became a teacher is that I like kids.
注：關(guān)系副詞why作原因狀語，用“why”=fr+which在非正式語體中：關(guān)系副詞why時常省略,也可用that替換
The way- Yu answer the questins in this way– was admirable.
The way yu answer the questins in which/that was admirable.
The way (in which/that) yu answer the questins was admirable
注：關(guān)系詞作方式狀語，用“in which/that ”在非正式語體中：關(guān)系詞通常省略
= Hw yu answer the questins was admirable
考點(diǎn)2：考查whse的用法
On the secnd flr is ur classrm whse dr　 is brken.
whse可以指代人或物，在定語從句中作定語， 后跟名詞。指物時，whse＋名詞＝名詞＋f which＝f which＋名詞。
= On the secnd flr is ur classrm 　 the dr f_______is brken.
= On the secnd flr is ur classrm 　 f_______the dr is brken.
We saw sme peple— their car had brken dwn.
We saw sme peple whse car had brken dwn.
We saw sme peple. Their car had brken dwn
注：關(guān)系代詞whse作定語，主要代人，也可代物。不可省略，whse后緊跟其限定的名詞
The table whse leg gt brken is mine.
The table the leg f which leg gt brken is mine.
The table- its leg gt brken -is mine.
注：關(guān)系代詞whse作定語代物時=N+f which/ f which+N。
The table f which the leg gt brken is mine.
考點(diǎn)3：介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
【1】當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時，關(guān)系代詞只能用which / whm / whse In the dark street, there wasn’t a single persn t whm she culd turn fr help. Recently I bught an vase, the price f which was very reasnable. Mr Smith, in whse department she wrked,came t see her.
【2】“復(fù)合介詞短語+關(guān)系代詞” 這種結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的定語從句常與先行詞用都逗號分開，從句常用倒裝語序 He lived in a big huse, in frnt f which ________________ (聳立一棵大樹).
【3】介詞+which / whm+不定式結(jié)構(gòu) The pr man has n huse in which t live.= The pr man has n huse t live in.= The pr man has n huse in which he can live.
a big tall tree
真題體驗(yàn)：(2017?江蘇) In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f _______ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
語法填空：He is the by with I ften play basketball. The teacher in frnt f 　　　　huse stands 　　　　　　a tall tree is very patient with his students.　　　　　
同時還要注意包含復(fù)雜介詞或代詞短語的定語從句與并列句的區(qū)別
(1)He lves his parents deeply, bth f are very kind t him.(2)He lves his parents deeply and bth f are very kind t him.
當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞when作時間狀語，先行項是：the day/week/year/mrning/evening/mment/instancethe first time/the last time, every time等,關(guān)系副詞通常省略，也可用that替換D yu still remember the day (that) we first met.The last time (that) I saw her, she lked very well.I haven’t seen them since the year (that) they gt married.Every time (that) the phne rings, he gets nervus.
1.相同點(diǎn)：都可指代整個主句的內(nèi)容。2.區(qū)別:(1)含義不同。 ____可譯為“像… …那樣的，正如… …那樣的”通常用于一些固定搭配中，而_______通常譯為“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”。(2)從位置上來看：______引導(dǎo)的定語從句可位于主句前、主句中或主句后,而_______引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能位于主句后.從句動詞經(jīng)常是:see, knw, mentin. imagine,mentin, expect, pint ut 等詞.比如as we knw/as is well knwn t us 眾所周知,as is said abve 如上所說as was expected正如所預(yù)料的那樣 as is reprted 如報道所說；as has been pinted 如所指出的那樣；??????????????????????? (3)用于固定搭配，在定語從句中通常做主語或賓語，即可指人又可指物；such/s “像------那樣的” the “和------同樣的”（4）結(jié)構(gòu)：被動語態(tài)通常跟在as的后面(5)as后面跟眾所周知的事情②The by was away frm hme fr a week, _______ wrried his parents very much.③_______ is reprted， the number f smkers has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句
3. ______ is knwn t all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybdy in the ffice.
as\that\which1. It is such a big stne _____ nbdy can lift.2. It is such a big stne _____ nbdy can lift it.
歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such, the same, s, as 修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as , the same …as, s…as, 結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分：主語、賓語或表語。as 與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于句首時，只能用 as, 意為“正如、恰如”。
★ as多用于一些習(xí)慣用語中：as anybdy can see 正如人人都能看到的那樣as is well knwn = as is knwn t all 眾所周知as we had expected 正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣as ften happens 正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣as has been said befre 如上所述as is mentined abve 正如上面提到的
當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)such 或s 時,看后面從句
(1)缺主語或賓語,從句前用as
(2)不缺主語和賓語,從句前用that
當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)the same時, 后面從句缺主語或賓語時與as搭配表同一類事物,與that搭配表同一個事物
This is such an interesting bk ____ we all like.This is s interesting a bk _____ we all like.This is such an interesting bk that we all like it.
這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。
This is the same bk _____ I lst.This is the same bk _____ I lst.
這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。
這本書就是我丟的那本。
考點(diǎn)5：the way為先行詞
在正式文體中，通常以in which或 that 引導(dǎo)，　　The way in which yu answered the questins was admirable. 但在非正式文體中，人們通常省略in which或 that The way (in which) he spke t us was suspicius. I dn’t like the way (that) yu laugh at her.
1. The way __ yu thught f t slve the prblem is wnderful.A which B in which C whm D whse2. I dn’t like ___ yu learn English.A the way B the way in thatC the way which D the way f which
考點(diǎn)6：一些特殊詞之后的where
1. I’ve cme t the pint where I can’t stand him.2. The cuntry is in the situatin where a war will break ut at any time.
where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。
解析：如果定語從句分別修飾pint, situatin, part, cnditin和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where 引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中” 。
1.We are trying t reach a pint ____ bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk. （06山東） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. ---D yu have anything t say fr yurself? ---Yes, there’s ne pint ____ we must insist n . （06江西） A. why B. where C. hw D. /
考點(diǎn)7：定語從句中的主謂一致現(xiàn)象
填空：I, wh____ yur clse friend, will try my best t help yu whenever yu are in truble.
1. I, wh ___ yur husband, shuld be respnsible fr yu. (be)2.He is ne f the students wh ____ been t America. He is the (nly) ne f the students wh ____ been t America. (have)3. T wn a cmputer in families, which we thught____ impssible 20 years ag, nw becmes true. (be)
1). a. I saw sme trees, and the leaves f _______ were black with disease. b. I saw sme trees, the leaves f ______ were black with disease. 2). a. The prfessr is a little man, n the nse f ______there is a pair f glasses. b. The prfessr is a little man, and n the nse f ______there is a pair f glasses
是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的關(guān)鍵?！　　　?br/>簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句”
1). a. The news ________ur vlleyball team wn the match made us excited.　 b. The news __________he tld me yesterday is exciting. 2). a. I made a prmise ______ if anyne set me free, I wuld make him very rich. b. The mther made a prmise ___________ pleased all her children.
(that/which)
２.定語從句與同位語從句
由it引導(dǎo)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，?？蓸?gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句或定語從句，兩者極易混淆。一般來說，如果將it is/was...與連接詞去掉，句子仍然正確，就為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。這時，就選用that連接詞;否則，就為定語從句，其關(guān)系詞的選擇，應(yīng)根據(jù)先行詞與從句的關(guān)系而定。
(1) It is n the island _______ they spent 10 years.(2) It is the island _______ they spent 10 years.
Where did yu get t knw her?It was n the farm ______she wrked _______ I gt t knw her.
答題指導(dǎo)：在定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)合中，“先行詞＋定語從句”多為強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。第一空的設(shè)置多是對定語從句的考查，第二空多為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。