人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration優(yōu)秀ppt課件

這是一份人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration優(yōu)秀ppt課件，文件包含Unit4Section2pptx、Unit4Section2doc等2份課件配套教學(xué)資源，其中PPT共33頁(yè)， 歡迎下載使用。
Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，同時(shí)還保持動(dòng)詞的某些特點(diǎn)，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。這里重點(diǎn)講解動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法。
動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)
以d為例，不定式的各種形式如下表：
一、動(dòng)詞不定式用作定語(yǔ)1．動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ)，表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Let us give him smething t eat.讓我們給他一些吃的東西。We have much hmewrk t d tnight.今晚我們有很多作業(yè)要做。
2．名詞前有first，last，next，nly等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。She was the first wman t win the gld medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一個(gè)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中贏(yíng)得金牌的女性。3．抽象名詞attempt，ability，chance，desire，determinatin，decisin，plan，way或不定代詞smething，nthing等后面常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire t d useful wrk.但是詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
4．當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)。I usually have a lt f meeting t attend.我通常有很多會(huì)議要參加。She is a nice persn t wrk with.她是一個(gè)很好的合作伙伴。
5．當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。We must find a persn t d the jb.我們必須找到一個(gè)人來(lái)做這項(xiàng)工作。We need smene t g and get a dctr.我們需要有人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。6．當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)有同位關(guān)系時(shí)。We gt the rder t leave the city.我們接到了離開(kāi)這個(gè)城市的命令。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①The airprt _________________(cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.②D yu have anything _______(d) tnight?③The best way ____________(imprve) yur English is t jin an English club.
t be cmpleted
二、動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語(yǔ)，主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞，也可用來(lái)修飾副詞。在句中，不定式可作目的狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)等，可表示目的、原因及結(jié)果等。1．目的狀語(yǔ)，置于句首或句末，置于句首時(shí)常表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，常與in rder或s as組成短語(yǔ)。A grup f yung peple gt tgether t discuss this questin.一群年輕人聚在一起討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。In rder t help him, we wuld d everything we can.為了幫助他，我們將盡我們所能。
不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其動(dòng)作通常遲于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。I said that t encurage him.我這么說(shuō)是為了鼓勵(lì)他。(2)置于句首時(shí)只用t d/in rder t d。如用于表示否定，in rder或s as不能省略，用in rder nt t d或s as nt t d形式。I walked quietly s as nt t disturb the baby.我安靜地走路，以免打擾嬰兒。
(3)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)換為s that/in rder that或引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句。He wrked very hard t pass the exam.→He wrked s hard that he culd pass the exam.→He wrked hard s that/in rder that he culd pass the exam.他非常努力以便能通過(guò)考試。
2．原因狀語(yǔ)，多見(jiàn)于“sb.＋be＋adj.＋t d...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。I was very sad t hear the news.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息我很難過(guò)。3．結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多見(jiàn)于“”；“enugh t...”；nly t d(表示意料之外的結(jié)果的發(fā)生)； t(意為“如此……以至于……”)結(jié)構(gòu)句中。I'm t tired t d well.我太累了做不好。
He is ld enugh t g t schl.他到上學(xué)的年齡了。He rushed back, nly t find the bk missing.他沖了回來(lái)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)書(shū)不見(jiàn)了。She is s prud as t lk dwn upn thers.她太驕傲了，看不起別人。
4．獨(dú)立動(dòng)詞不定式多用作插入語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶?。I'd like t stay healthy, but t be hnest, I nly eat fd that tastes gd.我想保持健康，但說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，我只吃味道好的食物。
現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果。Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly t find it didn't fit.她急切地從包裹里拿出衣服試穿，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)衣服不合身。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種順承的，必然造成的結(jié)果。His father passed away, leaving him a little mney.他父親去世了，留給他一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。
單句語(yǔ)法填空①He came _________(shw) me his new science bk.②Our English teacher has many ways_________(make) her class interesting.③The dctrs are busy ding what they can _________(save) the dying man.④__________(catch) the early flight, we rdered a taxi in advance and gt up very early.⑤__________(avid) any delay, please phne fr yur rder directly.
⑥Smetimes I act as a listening ear fr fellw students _________(talk) ver what is bthering them.⑦I'll write dwn his telephne number s as nt ___________(frget)it.⑧This was the best bk fr him _________(read)，which made him very happy.⑨I went inside, excited t tell grandpa abut what I'd dne, nly _________(find) he was sleeping.⑩Hwever, reading nvels is nt the nly way ____________(imprve) yur English.
語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2020·天津卷)Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire____________ (explre)．2．(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Her husband wrked tw jbs __________(cver) the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.3．(2020·浙江卷)Sme time after 10,000 BC, peple made the first real attempt ____________(cntrl) the wrld they lived in, thrugh agriculture.
4．(2020·天津卷)_________(help) us prepare fr the exam, the teacher suggested reading thrugh ur ntes.5．(2018·北京卷)During the Mid-Autumn Festival，family members ften gather tgether __________(share)a meal, admire the mn and enjy mn cakes.6．__________(catch) the early flight，we rdered a taxi in advance and gt up very early.7．_________(make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu'd better keep this card at hand.
8．(2019·江蘇卷)The schl unifrms are fine, but nt special enugh _________(give) a unique Chinese flavur(特色)．9．Many airlines nw allw passengers t print their barding passes nline _________(save)their valuable time.10．(2018·北京卷)The Aviatin Challenge prgram gives trainees the chance _________(earn) their Aviatin badge.
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．The kind wman is easy ________(get) alng with and we all like her.2．He was t disappinted __________(speak)when he heard the news.3．The man dwnstairs fund it difficult________(get) t sleep.4．The astrnaut seems t have a lt__________(wrry) abut.5．I'm srry _________(keep) yu waiting there fr s lng a time.
6．He was the first ___________(arrive) and the last __________(leave) in ur cmpany.7．The best way ____________(imprve) yur English is t jin an English club.8．After schl we went t the reading rm t d sme reading，nly _________(tell) that it was being decrated.9．I had a chance __________(visit) the Great Wall last mnth.10．The girl was s kind as _________(help) the ld man ff the bus.
Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示完成句子1．He is the teacher ___________________________.他是下學(xué)期教我們英語(yǔ)的老師。2．I have nthing _________________________.我對(duì)這問(wèn)題沒(méi)什么可說(shuō)的。3．The whle family went t beach ________________________.全家人去海灘度周末。4．We shall be very happy __________________________________.我們將很高興在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上與你合作。
t teach us English next term
t say n this questin
t spend their weekend
t cperate with yu in the prject
5．The next plane ___________ is frm New Yrk.下一班到達(dá)的飛機(jī)來(lái)自紐約。6．He is always ______________________ and last t leave the ffice.他總是第一個(gè)到辦公室，最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)。7．There are enugh chairs fr the guests ___________.有足夠的椅子給客人坐。8．We are delighted _________ that yu're ging t visit us next mnth.很高興得知你下個(gè)月要來(lái)看我們。
the first t cme t
9．The tea is __________________.這茶太熱了，不能喝。10．He lifted a rck nly ____________________________.他搬起石頭結(jié)果砸到了自己的腳。
t ht t drink
t drp it n his wn feet
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法主題應(yīng)用李華正在和同學(xué)張青談?wù)撍挠詈絾T夢(mèng)想，請(qǐng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和提示完成對(duì)話(huà)。Zhang：I 1．______________________(很高興得知) yu are interested in the space explratin.Li：Indeed, I'd like t be an astrnaut in the future.Zhang：Sunds gd. 2.________________________(要想成為一名宇航員), yu need t satisfy the requirements f a qualified astrnaut.
am delighted t knw
T becme an astrnaut
Li：Yes.First f all, I shuld study hard 3.___________________ _________(為了得到一個(gè)相關(guān)的大學(xué)學(xué)位)．Besides, I must take exercise every day 4._________________(來(lái)保持健康)．Zhang：Exactly.Have yu heard Yang Liwei, wh is the first man in China 5.__________________(進(jìn)入太空), went thrugh lts f mental and physical training.Li：Of curse.He is really a her.He realized ur dream 6.___________ _______ (探索太空)．
t get a related cllege
t keep healthy
t g int space