安徽省阜陽市2023_2024學年高二英語下學期開學檢測試題含解析

這是一份安徽省阜陽市2023_2024學年高二英語下學期開學檢測試題含解析，共21頁。試卷主要包含了5分，滿分37， A等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳答案。
A
Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.
Technlgy in agriculture
A fruit-picking rbt attracted visitrs’ attentin. With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size. The rbt first lcates the fruit and then uses sensrs t decide whether it is ripe, with a rbtic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categrized, ending up in a basket accrding t its size. It is said that mre rbtic technlgy will be used in agriculture in the future, including rbts fr daily inspectin and weeding.
Rbts fighting Cvid-19
Medical staff cnducting nucleic acid tests ften find their wrk tilsme, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test rbt develped by Tsinghua University and a Chinese bitech cmpany was presented at the WRC. It lks like a vending machine, but the rbt can cllect thrat swabs (拭子), prcess samples, as well as prduce and uplad the results within 45 minutes. The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.
Inventins f the yuth
Thse visiting the exhibit als witnessed the intelligence f a new generatin. Wang Zirun, a junir student at the schl, designed a three-dimensinal parking facility mdel. Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.
1. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A travel brchure.
B. A technlgy textbk.
C. A science magazine.
D. A prduct advertisement.
2. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A. T save building materials.
B. T prevent cars frm being stlen.
C. T increase grund parking spaces.
D. T make the mst f limited space.
3. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Bth the fruit-picking rbt and the nucleic acid test rbt can save manpwer.
B. The WRC is intended t inspire the intelligence f a yung generatin.
C. All the inventins mentined have been put int practical use.
D. Human can be replaced by the rbt in the future.
【答案】1. C2. D3. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要回顧了2022年世界機器人大會的有代表性的機器人展品：采摘機器人，核算機器人和摩天輪停車位。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首段內(nèi)容“Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.(你對機器人科學感興趣嗎?你認為機器人能做什么?讓我們來回顧一下在2022年世界機器人大會上聚集的世界領先技術。)”可知，文章主要回顧了2022年世界機器人大會的有代表性的機器人展品，屬于科技范疇。由此可推知，文章來自科學雜志。故選C項。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Inventins f the yuth”部分內(nèi)容“Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.(由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位通常太少，王的工作旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。該設施就像一個空中摩天輪，有六個停車位。當需要取車時，該設備會穩(wěn)定旋轉(zhuǎn)，將汽車放置在地面上。)”可知，老舊城區(qū)的停車位太少，而這個像摩天輪一樣的停車設施有六個停車位，可以要將六輛車安置在一個“停車位”上，以最大利用有限的空間。故選D項。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Technlgy in agriculture”部分內(nèi)容“With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size.(在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來收集水果)”可知，采摘機器人可以在傳感器和人工智能的幫助下獨立采摘水果，不需要人力采摘。文章“Rbts fighting Cvid-19”部分內(nèi)容“The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.(整個過程不需要人類或?qū)嶒炇业膮⑴c)”可知，核酸機器人的使用過程中不需要人類或?qū)嶒炇业膮⑴c。因此可推知，這兩種機器人的使用都可以節(jié)省人力。故選A項。
B
Vaccinatin(接種疫苗) is amng the mst effective ways t help us prevent diseases. Fr viruses that dn't change t much—the measles virus(麻疹病毒), fr example—getting vaccinated is a nce-and-fr-all methd t prevent yu frm becming infected with the virus. If yu had tw measles vaccines when yu were a child, yu wuld be prtected fr life.
Hwever, it's a different stry when it cmes t influenza(流行性感冒), cmmnly knwn as “the flu”, which generally peaks between December and February. Flu vaccines cannt prtect us in the lng term.
There is n lng-term immunity(免疫), accrding t Thedre Strange, assciate medical directr at Staten Island University Hspital in New Yrk. “The virus essentially ‘changes its cat’—H1N1, H2N3, and s n,” he tld the website Healthline.
Apart frm a persn's immune prtectin frm flu vaccinatin declining ver time, flu viruses are als cnstantly changing. S the vaccines are likely t be updated frm ne seasn t the next t prtect against the viruses that research suggests may be the mst cmmn during the upcming flu seasn.
Thus, t develp effective flu vaccines, ver 100 natinal influenza centers arund the wrld cnduct year-rund surveillance(監(jiān)測) fr influenza. Researchers will test thusands f influenza virus samples frm patients, accrding t the fficial website f the US Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin(CDC). The Wrld Health Organizatin als suggests there are three r fur influenza viruses that are mst likely t spread amng peple during the upcming flu seasn.
But even when a vaccine is develped, getting it can prve t be difficult, as it is in high demand and shrt supply. The timing f influenza vaccine prductin and distributin is unpredictable, thus the availability f the flu vaccine supply des nt always meet peak demand.
S scientists priritize access t the vaccinatin. The CDC recmmends key ppulatins, such as medical staff, teachers, students, children and thse aged 60 and abve, receive flu vaccines.
This year the situatin seems mre cmplicated, as the upcming flu seasn cincides with the COVID-19 pandemic. This culd verwhelm hspitals, straining(過度使用) resurces and healthcare wrkers, time.
4. What d we knw abut influenza?
A. Influenza viruses are cntinuusly changing.
B. It cmmnly peaks between Nvember and December.
C. Getting tw flu vaccines can prtect peple against the viruses.
D. H1N1 and H2N3 are the mst easily infectius flu viruses.
5. Hw d researchers imprve flu vaccines?
A. They update vaccines nce a year.
B. They mnitr the flu thrughut the year.
C. They fcus n ne r tw viruses during a perid.
D. Influenza centers wrldwide share virus samples frm patients.
6. Why d scientists priritize access t the vaccinatin?
A. Because nt all peple can affrd it.
B. Because sme peple refuse t get vaccinated.
C. Because the vaccine is nt safe fr everyne.
D. Because the vaccine fails t meet the demand.
7. What des the authr's attitude twards the upcming flu seasn?
A. Wrried.B. Psitive.
C. Cnfident.D. Skeptical.
【答案】4. A5. B6. D7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了接種疫苗是幫助我們預防疾病的最有效方法之一，有的疫苗可以一勞永逸的保護接種人，而流感疫苗則是個例外。并介紹了流感疫苗的相關知識，如其生產(chǎn)研發(fā)，市場行情以及優(yōu)先接種流感疫苗的人群等。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Apart frm a persn's immune prtectin frm flu vaccinatin declining ver time, flu viruses are als cnstantly changing.(除了一個人對流感疫苗的免疫保護隨著時間的推移而下降外，流感病毒也在不斷變化。)”可知，流感病毒在不斷變化。故選A。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thus, t develp effective flu vaccines, ver 100 natinal influenza centers arund the wrld cnduct year-rund surveillance(監(jiān)測) fr influenza.(因此，為了研制有效的流感疫苗，全世界100多個國家流感中心對流感進行了全年監(jiān)測。)”可知，為了研制有效的流感疫苗，研究人員全年監(jiān)測流感。故選B。
【6題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“But even when a vaccine is develped, getting it can prve t be difficult, as it is in high demand and shrt supply. The timing f influenza vaccine prductin and distributin is unpredictable, thus the availability f the flu vaccine supply des nt always meet peak demand.(但是，即使研制出疫苗，也很難獲得疫苗，因為疫苗的需求量很大，而且供不應求。流感疫苗生產(chǎn)和分發(fā)的時間是不可預測的，因此流感疫苗供應的可獲得性并不總是與高峰需求相吻合)”和倒數(shù)第二段“S scientists priritize access t the vaccinatin.(所以科學家們優(yōu)先考慮接種疫苗。)”可知，因為疫苗需求量很大、供不應求，并不總是能滿足需求，所以科學家們優(yōu)先考慮接種疫苗。故選D。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“This year the situatin seems mre cmplicated, as the upcming flu seasn cincides with the COVID-19 pandemic. This culd verwhelm hspitals, straining(過度使用) resurces and healthcare wrkers time.(今年的情況似乎更加復雜，因為即將到來的流感季節(jié)恰逢新型冠狀病毒肺炎大流行。這可能會壓垮醫(yī)院，占用資源和醫(yī)護人員的時間。)”可知，作者認為因為今年即將到來的流感季節(jié)恰逢COVD-19大流行，所有這種情況會更復雜，使醫(yī)院、醫(yī)療資源和醫(yī)護人員不堪重負，因此對醫(yī)務工作者來說，這可能比以往任何時候都更具挑戰(zhàn)性，從而推斷作者持擔心的態(tài)度。故選A。
C
Mass cmmunicatin is a very brad field which includes advertising, mass prmtin, plitical campaigns, public relatins, mass educatin and even the way yu interact with ther peple. It cvers just abut everything yu d in yur daily life. Sme characteristics f mass cmmunicatin are: cmmunicatin, infrmatin verlad, grup effrt and feedback. There are sme mre that are less ften mentined but are just as imprtant as the nes that have been listed abve.
The mst basic feature f cmmunicatin is interactin. Interactin takes the frm f cmmunicatin where yu can interpret what smene is trying t say. Fr example, when a persn says “Hw are yu?” and yu respnd in a lud vice r in a cncerned manner, it’s cnsidered interactin.
Anther characteristic f mass cmmunicatin that yu’ll cme acrss is a large number f receivers. When cmmunicating with a grup f peple, it is imprtant t keep in mind that each receiver will bring different characteristics t the table when cmmunicating. Different receivers will take up different tpics and bring a different set f characteristics t the table. In sme cases, yu will need t cmmunicate with many different types f receiver in rder fr yur cmmunicatin ideas t be fully expressed and taken int full effect. Yu shuld therefre cnsider the characteristics f yur receivers when planning yur cmmunicatin strategies.
New media is als impacting cmmunicatin. Each type f new medium has diverse different ways in which it can deliver messages. Yu can make use f several types f cmmunicatin in many cases and reach a wide range f target audiences. Fr example, yu can use the Internet in rder t cmmunicate with yur audience. As a result, the amunt f infrmatin als in turn becmes t much fr the human mind t prcess in a timely and effective manner. This verlad is nt nly unsund, but it als tends t make peple impatient, which finally takes the frm f arguments and ther types f exchanges that are based n facts, assumptins r persnal experiences. Hwever, althugh yu may have t deal with sme cnstraints, the Internet is still a very pwerful tl that shuld nt be ignred.
8. What rle des the example given by the authr in the secnd paragraph play?
A. Explain the imprtance f pliteness.
B. Explain the cncept f interactin.
C. Explain the characteristics f cmmunicatin.
D. Explain what bdy language is.
9. Why shuld we cnsider different receivers when planning cmmunicatin?
A. Because cmmunicatrs have many different characteristics n the dinner table.
B. S that yur ideas can be accurately expressed and play a rle.
C. In rder t better imprve yur cmmunicatin strategy.
D. Because the receivers have different views n different tpics.
10Why des cmmunicatin ften take the frm f argument?
A. Because there are t many types f cmmunicatin.
B. Because peple have different experiences.
C. Because the new media is nt perfect.
D. Because verladed infrmatin is bring.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards mass cmmunicatin?
A. Uncaring.B. Indifferent.
C. Objective.D. Subjective.
【答案】8. B9. B10. D11. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了大眾傳媒的特點。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Interactin takes the frm f cmmunicatin where yu can interpret what smene is trying t say. Fr example, when a persn says “Hw are yu?” and yu respnd in a lud vice r in a cncerned manner, it’s cnsidered interactin. (互動采取交流的形式，你可以理解別人想說的話。例如，當一個人說“你好嗎？”而你以大聲或關切的方式回應時，這被視為互動)”可知，所舉的例子是為了進一步解釋互動的含義。故選B項。
【9題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“In sme cases, yu will need t cmmunicate with many different types f receiver in rder fr yur cmmunicatin ideas t be fully expressed and taken int full effect. (在某些情況下，你需要與許多不同類型的接收者進行溝通，以便充分表達你的溝通想法并使其充分發(fā)揮作用)”可知，我們計劃交流策略時要考慮不同的接收者，是為了使自己的想法得到更好地表達和起作用。故選B項。
【10題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“This verlad is nt nly unsund, but it als tends t make peple impatient, which finally takes the frm f arguments and ther types f exchanges that are based n facts, assumptins r persnal experiences. (這種超負荷不僅不健全，而且往往會讓人不耐煩，最終以基于事實、假設或個人經(jīng)歷的爭論和其他類型的交流為形式)”可知，溝通經(jīng)常采用爭論的形式，是因為過載的信息很無聊。故選D項。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。綜合全文可知，作者分別介紹了大眾傳媒的概念以及其基本特征，是站在客觀的角度去闡釋這一問題的，故選C項。
D
While many f us may have been away smewhere nice last summer, few wuld say that we’ve “summered.” “Summer” is clearly a nun, mre precisely, a verbed nun.
Way back in ur childhd, we all learned the difference between a nun and a verb. With such a tidy definitin, it was easy t spt the difference. Nt s in adulthd, where we are expected t “ft” bills, “chair” cmmittees, and “dialgue” with plitical ppnents. Chances are that yu didn’t feel uncmfrtable abut the sight f thse verbed nuns.
“The verbing f nuns is as ld as the English language,” says Patricia O’Cnner, a frmer editr at The New Yrk TimesBk Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent f all English verbs were riginally nuns. And the phenmenn seems t be snwballing. Since 1900, abut 40 percent f all new verbs have cme frm nuns.
Even thugh cnversin (轉(zhuǎn)化) is quite universal, plenty f grammarians bject t the practice. Sme mst leading experts, William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White, in The Elements f Style—the Bible fr the use f American English—have this t say: “Many nuns lately have been pressed int service as verbs. Nt all are bad, but all are questinable.” The Chicag Manual f Style takes a similar standpint, advising writers t use verbs with great care.
“Smetimes peple bject t a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar t them,” says O’Cnner. That’s why we’re cmfrtable “hsting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thught f “medaling” in sprts. S are there any rules fr verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, cpy chief at Randm Huse, desn’t ffer a rule, but suggests that peple think twice abut “verbifying” a nun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing ppular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but nt silly-sunding, he says.
In the end, hwever, style is subjective. Easy cnversin f nuns t verbs has been part f English grammar fr centuries; it is ne f the prcesses that make English “English”. Nt every cined wrd passes int general use, but as fr trying t end verbing altgether, frget it.
12. What can we learn abut the verbing f nuns?
A. It hasn’t recently been ppsed by many grammarians.
B. It is mre cmmnly accepted by children than adults.
C. It hasn’t been a rare phenmenn in the past century.
D. It can be easily replaced by existing verbs in practice.
13. What is mst leading experts’ attitude twards the practice f the verbing f nuns?
A. CautiusB. Objective.
C. Optimistic.D. Uncncerned.
14. What des the authr think f ending the verbing f nuns?
A. Predictable.B. Practicable.
C. Appraching.D. Impssible.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Are 40 Percent f all new verbs frm nuns?
B. Are Summering and Medaling Annying?
C. Are Yu Cmfrtable abut a New Verb?
D. Are There Any Rules fr Verbing?
【答案】12. C13. A14. D15. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章對英語語言中“名詞動用”這一語言現(xiàn)象展開討論，以例子的形式介紹了一些基本的用法，主要分享了專家們對此的謹慎態(tài)度，部分人士的反對觀點，以及作者認為這一現(xiàn)象不可遏制的想法。
【12題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Experts estimate that 20 percent f all English verbs were riginally nuns. And the phenmenn seems t be snwballing. Since 1900, abut 40 percent f all new verbs have cme frm nuns. (專家估計，20%的英語動詞最初是名詞。這種現(xiàn)象似乎正在滾雪球般蔓延。自1900年以來，大約40%的新動詞來自名詞)”可知，在過去的一個世紀里，名詞被用作動詞并不是罕見的現(xiàn)象。故選C項。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Sme mst leading experts, William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White, in The Elements f Style—the Bible fr the use f American English—have this t say: “Many nuns lately have been pressed int service as verbs. Nt all are bad, but all are questinable.” The Chicag Manual f Style takes a similar standpint, advising writers t use verbs with great care. (一些最著名的專家，William Strunk Jr.和E. B. White，在《英文寫作指南》——美式英語使用的圣經(jīng)中這樣說：“最近，許多名詞被用作動詞。不是所有的都是壞的，但所有的都值得懷疑。”《芝加哥手冊》也持類似觀點，建議寫作者謹慎使用動詞。)”可知，最著名的專家們是懷疑地審視名詞被用作動詞這一現(xiàn)象，建議寫作者謹慎使用。由此可知，他們對此持謹慎的態(tài)度。故選A項。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Easy cnversin f nuns t verbs has been part f English grammar fr centuries; it is ne f the prcesses that make English “English”. Nt every cined wrd passes int general use, but as fr trying t end verbing altgether, frget it. (幾個世紀以來，名詞到動詞的輕松轉(zhuǎn)化一直是英語語法的一部分；它是使英語成為“英語”的過程之一。并不是每一個新造的詞都會被普遍使用，但至于試圖完全停止使用動詞，還是算了吧)”可推知，作者認為名詞被用作動詞這一現(xiàn)象是英語語言發(fā)展必不可少的一部分，結(jié)束這一用法是不可能的。故選D項。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章圍繞英語語言中“名詞動用”這一語言現(xiàn)象展開，首先以例子的形式介紹了一些基本的用法，然后主要分享了專家們對此的謹慎態(tài)度，部分人士的反對觀點，以及作者認為這一現(xiàn)象不可遏制的想法。因此，B選項“Summering和Medaling很討厭嗎？”貼合文意，用文章中名詞動用的兩個典型用語Summering和Medaling來進行概括，適合作為標題。故選B項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Regret refers t a feeling f sadness abut smething wrng r abut a mistake that yu have made, and a wish that it culd have been different and better. ___16___ Experts say they cme in fur basic varieties: cnnectin regrets, mral regrets, fundatin regrets and bldness regrets. An instance f regret may invlve just ne r a cmbinatin.
___17___ Regret is linked with depressin and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect yur hrmnes and immune system. Fr sme, it’s anathema t sleep.
T truly get ver ur regret requires that we put it in its prper place. The trick is nt t avid the bad feeling; it’s t acknwledge it and use it fr learning and imprvement. ___18___ We have t seek them ut n purpse t imprve urselves. Here are things yu may find helpful the next time yur are indulged in regrets.
___19___ This suggests that regret is like a ghst: nt entirely clear but always frightening. Bring yur ghst ut f the shadws by making a list f yur regrets. Write dwn why each ne still bthers yu and its lingering bad effects. Yu will find that a list is a lt less dreadful than a ghst.
After yu make a mistake, life mves n. But smetimes yu just can’t stp kicking yurself. Perhaps yu drpped ut f schl decades ag and are cnstantly calculating tday hw much mney yu wuld be making, had yu pressed n t graduatin. ___20___
Life is a jurney full f pleasures and pains. T live it well and fully means learning frm every bit f it, including regrets, and mving frward.
A. Nt all regrets are the same, f curse
B. Peple ften say their regrets chase after them.
C. Regret’s benefits dn’t cme t us by chance.
D. Never waste anther minute f life reliving a decisin that cannt be changed.
E. Sme take the declaratin a step further and claim that they have n regrets at all.
F. Unanalyzed and unmanaged, any variety f regrets can be pisn fr yur health.
G. If yu are f the “n regrets” schl f life, yu might think that all this regret is a recipe fr unhappiness.
【答案】16. A17. F18. C19. B20. D
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了懊悔的類型和應對方法。
【16題詳解】
下文“Experts say they cme in fur basic varieties: cnnectin regrets, mral regrets, fundatin regrets and bldness regrets.”（專家說，這些懊悔有四種基本類型:關系懊悔、道德懊悔、基礎懊悔和膽量懊悔。）說明懊悔有四中類型，即并不是所有的懊悔都一樣，與選項A. Nt all regrets are the same, f curse.（當然，并非所有的懊悔都是一樣的。）相一致。故選A。
【17題詳解】
下文“Regret is linked with depressin and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect yur hrmnes and immune system.”（懊悔與抑郁和焦慮有關，過度懊悔會對你的荷爾蒙和免疫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生不利影響。）說明懊悔對我們有害，與選項F. Unanalyzed and unmanaged, any variety f regrets can be pisn fr yur health.（如果不加以分析和處理，任何種類的懊悔都會毒害你的健康。）相一致。故選F。
【18題詳解】
下文“We have t seek them ut n purpse t imprve urselves.”（我們必須有意識地尋找它們來提高自己。）說明懊悔對我們也有好處，但我們必須有意識地對待它們，與選項C. Regret’s benefits dn’t cme t us by chance.（懊悔的好處不是偶然的。）相一致。故選C。
【19題詳解】
下文“This suggests that regret is like a ghst: nt entirely clear but always frightening.”（這表明，懊悔就像鬼魂：不完全清楚，但總是令人恐懼。）說明懊悔像鬼魂一樣跟著人們，與選項B. Peple ften say their regrets chase after them.（人們常說他們的懊悔追隨著他們。）相一致。故選B。
【20題詳解】
上文“After yu make a mistake, life mves n. But smetimes yu just can’t stp kicking yurself. Perhaps yu drpped ut f schl decades ag and are cnstantly calculating tday hw much mney yu wuld be making, had yu pressed n t graduatin.”（犯錯之后，生活還要繼續(xù)。但有時候你就是忍不住要踢自己。也許你幾十年前就輟學了，現(xiàn)在還在不停地計算，如果你堅持畢業(yè)的話，現(xiàn)在能賺多少錢。）說明不論犯了什么錯，生活仍要繼續(xù)，不要把時間浪費在懊悔上，與選項D. Never waste anther minute f life reliving a decisin that cannt be changed.（不要浪費生命中的任何一分鐘去重復一個無法改變的決定。）相一致。故選D。
第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A 、B 、C和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
It was n my 30th birthday. When I came back, my mther was____21____herself prudly in her usual chair, with tw shirt bxes ____22____blue paper and a pink card in frnt f her. “Happy birthday!” she said,____23____at the bxes. “Open them.”
My mm had gt me____24____what I wanted, as she always knws me. I hugged and thanked her and____25____t eat the chclate cake. “High calries, I shuldn’t have dne that,” I said, nt really caring. Mm waved ff my put-n ____26____and laughed. Tw weeks later, I came upn the same____27____: my mm sitting in the chair; a chclate cake next t blue shirt bxes,____28____, a yellw card this time. I was aware she had ____29____Alzheimer’s (阿爾茨海默氏病) .
Fur lng years passed. I nw have a 15-mnth-ld sn, Ben. Lately my mther has been reading t him, the ____30____ character and plt every time. It desn’t____31____t Ben that he’s heard the stry, and he desn’t mind her pr ____32____, because every minute is new fr him t.
I begin t enjy the situatin and realize we are ____33____. My mther is in bad, but stable cnditin.____34____is better than a decline. Change will cme; her remembrance may ____35____further, but I’ll be in the frntline.
21. A. preparingB. cnductingC. settlingD. enjying
22. A. cvered withB. wrapped inC. cmpsed fD. tied t
23. A. nddingB. gesturingC. staringD. wndering
24. A. preciselyB. eventuallyC. accrdinglyD. immediately
25. A. pretendedB. attemptedC. hesitatedD. prceeded
26. A. cmplaintB. cheerC. guiltD. astnishment
27. A. slutinB. sceneC. presentD. prpsal
28. A. twardsB. behindC. exceptD. withut
29. A. resistedB. escapedC. handledD. suffered
30. A. uniqueB. imaginaryC. identicalD. amusing
31. A. btherB. happenC. ccurD. matter
32. A. discveryB. memryC. descriptinD. impressin
33. A. frtunateB. intelligentC. patientD. inncent
34. A. MaintenanceB. TransfrmatinC. AcceptanceD. Expectatin
35. A. varyB. recverC. adjustD. fail
【答案】21. C22. B23. B24. A25. D26. C27. B28. C29. D30. C31. D32. B33. A34. A35. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者的媽媽患有阿爾茨海默氏病，記憶力越來越衰退，但是作者并不介意，作者覺得能保持下去就好。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我回來時，母親正驕傲地坐在她常坐椅子上，面前放著兩個用藍紙包著的襯衫盒子和一張粉紅色的卡片。A. preparing準備；B. cnducting實施，進行；C. settling舒舒服服地坐下；D. enjying喜歡。根據(jù)下文“in her usual chair”可知，此處表示“母親正驕傲地坐在她常坐的椅子上”。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我回來時，母親正驕傲地坐在她常坐的椅子上，面前放著兩個用藍紙包著的襯衫盒子和一張粉紅色的卡片。A. cvered with被……覆蓋 ；B. wrapped in被……包裹；C. cmpsed f由……組成；D. tied t綁在……上。根據(jù)下文“blue paper”可知，襯衫盒子用紙包著。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“生日快樂！”她指著盒子說“打開?！盇. ndding點頭；B. gesturing用動作示意；C. staring盯著；D. wndering想知道。根據(jù)下文“at the bxes. “Open them.””可知，她示意作者打開盒子。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽給了我我想要的東西，因為她一直了解我。A. precisely恰好，正是；B. eventually最后；C. accrdingly相應地；D. immediately立刻。根據(jù)下文“she always knws me”可知，媽媽的東西恰好是作者想要的。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我擁抱并感謝她，然后繼續(xù)吃巧克力蛋糕。A. pretended假裝；B. attempted企圖；C. hesitated猶豫；D. prceeded繼續(xù)做。根據(jù)上文“I hugged and thanked her ”可知我擁抱并感謝她后，繼續(xù)吃巧克力蛋糕”。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽對我裝腔作勢的內(nèi)疚一笑置之。A. cmplaint抱怨；B. cheer歡呼聲；C. guilt內(nèi)疚；D. astnishment震驚。根據(jù)上文“ “High calries, I shuldn’t have dne that,” I said, nt really caring.”可知，媽媽對作者裝腔作勢的內(nèi)疚一笑置之”。故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩周后，我又看到了同樣的場景：媽媽坐在椅子上；一個巧克力蛋糕放在藍色襯衫盒子旁邊，除了，這次是一張黃色卡片。A. slutin解決辦法；B. scene場景；C. present禮物；D. prpsal提議。根據(jù)下文“my mm sitting in the chair; a chclate cake next t blue shirt bxes,____8____, a yellw card this time”可知，作者又看到了同樣的場景。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：兩周后，我又看到了同樣的場景：媽媽坐在椅子上；一個巧克力蛋糕放在藍色襯衫盒子旁邊，除了，這次是一張黃色卡片。A. twards向，朝著；B. behind在……后面；C. except除了；D. withut沒有。根據(jù)下文“a yellw card this time”可知，句子表示“除了，這次是一張黃色卡片”。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道她患有老年癡呆癥。A. resisted抵抗；B. escaped逃跑；C. handled解決；D. suffered遭受。根據(jù)“Alzheimer’s”可知，作者媽媽患有老年癡呆癥，suffer frm意為“患病”。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最近我媽媽一直在給他讀書，每次都是同樣的人物和情節(jié)。A. unique獨特的；B. imaginary想象的，虛構(gòu)的；C. identical完全相同的；D. amusing逗人發(fā)笑的。根據(jù)下文“he’s heard the stry”可知，那些故事每次都是同樣的人物和情節(jié)。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對本來說，他聽過這個故事并不重要，他也不介意她糟糕的記憶力，因為每一分鐘對他來說都是新的。A. bther打擾；B. happen發(fā)生；C. ccur發(fā)生；D. matter重要。根據(jù)下文“because every minute is new fr him t”可知，對本來說，他聽過這個故事并不重要。故選D。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對本來說，他聽過這個故事并不重要，他也不介意她糟糕的記憶力，因為每一分鐘對他來說都是新的。A. discvery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. memry記憶；C. descriptin描述；D. impressin印象。根據(jù)上文“she had ____9____Alzheimer’s”可知，作者的媽媽記憶力很差。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始享受這種情況，并意識到我們是幸運的。A. frtunate幸運的；B. intelligent聰明的；C. patient耐心的；D. inncent天真的。根據(jù)下文“My mther is in bad, but stable cnditin”可知，作者母親的情況很糟糕，但情況穩(wěn)定，所以這是幸運的。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：保持總比衰落好。A. Maintenance保持；B. Transfrmatin轉(zhuǎn)變；C. Acceptance接受；D. Expectatin期待。根據(jù)上文“stable cnditin”可知，保持總比衰落好。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的記憶可能會進一步衰退，但我會在第一線。A. vary變化；B. recver恢復；C. adjust適應；D. fail衰退。根據(jù)下文“Change will cme; her remembrance”及常識可知，作者的媽媽有Alzheimer’s，所以記憶力會進一步衰退。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A vide f cllege students in nrtheastern China wearing military style cttn cats t class ____36____(g) viral n scial media platfrms recently.
Dwn jackets(羽絨服) have been a____37____(necessary) fr many Chinese peple all the time. T seek mre prfit in the bming market, many brands have started t mve twards high-end develpment,____38____(result)in a mre significant increase in demand fr high-quality materials like white gse dwn. Thus, the price has increased.
With the price f dwn jackets increasing, cllege students in China have picked up military cats____39____(defend) themselves frm the winter cld. Thanks ____40____ their lw cst and high quality, cttn cats have made a majr cmeback this winter and strmed cllege campuses.
The general thinking amng students is ____41____it isn’t abut whether they can affrd a dwn jacket r nt, but that cttn cats ____42____(simple)prvide better quality at a much lwer price. The cheapest military style cttn cat csts less than 100 yuan and they have becme the mst ____43____(fashin)winter wear fr cllege students in nrthern China. A single persn wearing ne f these cats is nticeable, and a cuple might ____44____(laugh)at. But when a grup wears them, it’s ____45____latest fashin.
【答案】36. has gne
37. necessity
38resulting
39. t defend40. t
41. that42. simply
43. fashinable
44. be laughed
45. the
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，講述了中國傳統(tǒng)服飾——軍大衣在東北校園的興起。
【36題詳解】
考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：近日，一段中國東北大學生穿著軍服風格棉衣上課的視頻在社交媒體平臺上瘋傳。設空處為句子的謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語recently，可知句子的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為a vide，結(jié)合主謂一致。故填has gne。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：羽絨服一直是許多中國人必需品。設空處應為名詞的形式作表語，空前為a，設空處為名詞單數(shù)形式。故填necessity。
【38題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了在蓬勃發(fā)展的市場中尋求更多的利潤，許多品牌開始向高端發(fā)展，導致對白鵝絨等優(yōu)質(zhì)材料的需求更加明顯。設空處在句中作非謂語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，應用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作結(jié)果狀語。故填resulting。
【39題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：隨著羽絨服價格的上漲，中國的大學生們紛紛挑選軍大衣來御寒。設空處在句中作非謂語，表目的，應用不定式作目的狀語。故填t defend。
【40題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：由于價廉物美，棉衣在今年冬天卷土重來，席卷了大學校園。thanks t“多虧了，由于”符合題意。故填t。
【41題詳解】
考查表語從句的引導詞。句意：學生們的普遍想法是，這不是他們是否買得起羽絨服的問題，而是棉衣以更低的價格提供更好的質(zhì)量。設空處引導表語從句，從句不缺成份，句意完整，應用that。故填that。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞。句意見上題解析。設空處應用副詞形式修飾動詞。故填simply。
43題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：最便宜的軍大衣售價不到100元，已經(jīng)成為中國北方大學生最時尚的冬季服裝。設空處應用形容詞和上文the mst構(gòu)成最高級作定語，修飾空后的名詞。故填fashinable。
【44題詳解】
考查謂語動詞。句意：一個人穿這種外套很引人注目，兩個人穿可能會被嘲笑。設空處為句子的謂語，和句子的主語a cuple之間是被動關系，空前為might，設空處為含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。故填be laughed。
【45題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：但是當一群人穿的時候，它就是最新的時尚?？蘸鬄樾稳菰~的最高級latest，設空處應為定冠詞the，the latest fashin“最新時尚”符合句意。故填the。
第四部分寫作 (共兩節(jié)，滿分4 0分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假定你是李華, 你的英國朋友Jerry寫信邀請你寒假期間去倫敦游玩，你因故無法前往，請你回信表達歉意，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 謝絕的理由；
2. 提議暑假去拜訪他。
注意：
1. 寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
Dear Jerry,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jerry,
Thanks fr inviting me t Lndn in the cming winter hliday. I’d lve t visit yu, but I’m srry that I really cannt make it.
As yu knw, I am in Senir Three this year, which means I am in the middle f preparing fr the cllege entrance examinatin t be held in the cming June. Therefre, I’m determined t make the best use f every minute I have, the hliday included, t imprve my academic perfrmance.
Additinally, the winter hliday lasts nly fr tw weeks, a bit shrt fr a trip abrad, s I’m cnsidering rescheduling the trip fr the cming summer hliday. What d yu think f this plan?
Once again, I’d like t express my sincere aplgy. Lking frward t meeting yu in Lndn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。英國朋友Jerry寫信邀請你寒假期間去倫敦游玩，你因故無法前往給他回信表達歉意并說明自己的想法。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
因此：therefre → hence
另外：additinally → in additin/besides
考慮：cnsider → think abut
衷心的：sincere → heartfelt
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：What d yu think f this plan?
拓展句：What d yu think f the plan I put frward?
【點睛】[高分句型1] As yu knw, I am in Senir Three this year, which means I am in the middle f preparing fr the cllege entrance examinatin t be held in the cming June.(運用了關系代詞as引導非限制性定語從句和關系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句)
[高分句型2] Therefre, I’m determined t make the best use f every minute I have, the hliday included, t imprve my academic perfrmance. (運用了省略關系代詞的限制性定語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段, 使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
One f my teachers nce asked my class what ur favurite memry was. She was asking fr the mment in which “yu felt the best, yu felt that yu had the wrld in the palm f yur hand. ” Sme described grand awards; thers described winning a turnament. But I felt the best when I first learned hw t ride my bike at thirteen. I didn’t mind my classmate’s stares and snickering, because I knew there was mre t the stry.
My brther and I shared a typical brtherly relatinship: we culdn’t stand each ther. Or, t be hnest, he culdn’t stand me. I her-wrshipped him. My clthes mysteriusly lked like his, and even my wrds tended t mimic thse I heard frm him. Many times, I even wanted t literally fllw my brther, sbbing every time I was prevented frm hanging arund with him. Needless t say, I was an annyance t him. Any srt f cnversatin we had usually degraded t fighting, and try as I might, my brther usually wn.
After a while, I stpped trying t impress him and learned t be ttally indifferent; perhaps the silent treatment wuld get mre apprval. I was wrng. We sn fell int a sad pattern—I avided him, he ignred me, and deep inside, it hurt. Indifferent r hstile, he was nly a brther in name. S that’s hw it was between us. I believed we wuld frever be apart, tw husemates withut cnversatin, tw strangers withut warmth. And nthing mre.
I still remember the day I learned t ride a bike. I had received it that Christmas, which was great, until I realized I had n idea hw t ride it. My mm was t busy and had lng since abandned any attempt t teach me. I decided t teach myself t ride, a little bit each day, but in vain. On that fateful day, it was n different. I was cming t the end f my daily ne-hur trture, and I was s frustrated that I threw my bike aside and began t cry.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
I guess that was what caused my brther t cme utside.
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An hur later, I was shwing ff my riding skill t my mm.
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【答案】
I guess that was what caused my brther t cme utside. I turned my face away, fearing he wuld tease me. Unexpectedly, he gently picked my bike up and gestured me ver, “Get n it.” His determined lk smthed away my dubts. As he gripped the back seat, I gt n the bike, tk a deep breath and started t pedal, hlding tightly nt the handlebars. During the whle prcess, we didn’t talk much. He simply ffered a few necessary instructins at times. But never nce did he shut at me, nr did he let me fall. His patient teaching prved efficient and I gradually gt the hang f riding.
An hur later, I was shwing ff my riding skill t my mm. She was amazed t see me riding steadily arund the yard. While sharing my learning experience with her in excitement, I nticed my brther standing at a distance smiling at me. I cast him a grateful lk and he ndded and then walked back int the huse. Frm that day n, the sad pattern between us began t change. There were ccasinal cnversatins between us, filled with less embarrassment but increasing cncern. I culd feel a different kind f brtherly relatinship slwly develping between us. I wuld always treasure that day as my favurite memry, the mment when I felt the best.
【解析】
【導語】本文以人物為線索展開。講述了作者最美好的回憶——哥哥教自己騎自行車的經(jīng)歷。作者和哥哥從小關系不好，很少交流，但由于父母忙于工作，無法教作者騎自行車，哥哥卻主動教會了作者騎自行車，兄弟倆的關系也開始變得融洽。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我想這就是我哥哥出來的原因?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懜绺缃套髡唑T自行車的經(jīng)過。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“一個小時后，我向我媽媽展示了我的騎術?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼懽髡呦蚋绺绫硎靖兄x，兄弟倆的關系也逐漸變得融洽。
2.續(xù)寫線索：回憶往事——兄弟嫌隙——學習騎車——哥哥幫助——充滿感謝——關系緩和
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①嘲笑：tease/make fun f/mck
②消除：smth away/remve/dispel
③摔倒：fall/fall ver/tumble
情緒類
①驚訝的：amazed/surprised
②感激的：grateful/thankful/appreciative
【點睛】[高分句型1] But never nce did he shut at me, nr did he let me fall.（運用了否定副詞提前的部分倒裝句）
[高分句型2]I wuld always treasure that day as my favurite memry, the mment when I felt the best.（運用了when引導的定語從句）