【學考復習】（江蘇專用）2024年高中英語學業(yè)水平考試 專題講解 第11講 七選五-講義

這是一份【學考復習】（江蘇專用）2024年高中英語學業(yè)水平考試 專題講解 第11講 七選五-講義，文件包含學考復習江蘇專用2024年高中英語學業(yè)水平考試專題講解第11講七選五講義docx、學考復習江蘇專用2024年高中英語學業(yè)水平考試專題講解第11講七選五講義docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共66頁， 歡迎下載使用。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc20312" PAGEREF _Tc20312 \h 1
\l "_Tc6558" PAGEREF _Tc6558 \h 1
\l "_Tc15851" 考點一 段首句3
\l "_Tc26385" 考點二 段中句4
\l "_Tc2857" 考點三 段尾句 PAGEREF _Tc2857 \h 5
\l "_Tc23347" PAGEREF _Tc23347 \h 6
\l "_Tc9551" 23
掌握七選五命題規(guī)律
掌握段首句、段中句、段位句解題策略

第一步：看位置定類型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來考查考生的邏輯思維能力。段首、段中、段尾題在文中所起的作用可歸納為下表：
第二步：由類型定技法
1.主旨概括題
主旨概括題主要考查考生對文章或段落進行概括的能力，它要求考生在閱讀文章時，能夠提煉其中心思想，體會作者的寫作意圖，充分運用概括能力提取文章的主題、觀點以及作者的情感態(tài)度。這類題常以考查段落標題為主，設(shè)題位置一般在段首，有時總結(jié)性的語句也會出現(xiàn)在段中或段尾。這類題有時也會考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主題句，一般會在首段設(shè)空。概括起來講，命題人通常從兩個方面設(shè)題：①概括文章或段落的主題句或結(jié)論性語句；②段落標題。
解答主旨概括題通常采用瀏覽的方式，即重點搜索本段的主題線索詞并快速理清主旨大意，然后瀏覽選項，準確判定出與主旨大意匹配的選項。
2.語段過渡題
語段過渡題所涉及的句子是過渡句，具有承上啟下的作用，該題型主要考查考生對篇章的理解能力和對上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的分析能力。其設(shè)空位置比較靈活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解這類題通常可采用位置判斷法。
如果設(shè)空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。
如果設(shè)空位于段中，重點閱讀該空的前一句和后一句，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；如果還沒有把握，再分析該段的中心句。
如果設(shè)空位于段尾，在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)時，可考慮與下一段開頭之間的銜接。仔細閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否能與所選選項緊密連接起來。
3.細節(jié)線索題
細節(jié)線索類的試題要求考生更加注重文章中的細節(jié)，比如某個關(guān)鍵的單詞或數(shù)字等。解答這類試題經(jīng)常用到的方法有：詞匯復現(xiàn)法、詞匯同現(xiàn)法、代詞線索法、邏輯關(guān)系線索法等。
1)．詞匯復現(xiàn)法
復現(xiàn)法是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即在文章中不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述，從而使得同樣的意思在文章中不同的地方重復出現(xiàn)。復現(xiàn)的形式主要包括原詞復現(xiàn)、同(近)義詞復現(xiàn)、反義詞復現(xiàn)等?？忌衫梦恼碌倪@一特點，在解題時注意選項中出現(xiàn)的與正文意思相同、相近或相反的詞。
2)．詞匯同現(xiàn)法
詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯范疇或者某一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中同時出現(xiàn)，達到語意銜接的目的。一般來說，上下文中詞匯的范疇越小，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。
3)．代詞線索法
英語文章中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞一般用來指代前面提及的名詞，考生如果能巧妙地利用這樣的指代關(guān)系或根據(jù)代詞的單復數(shù)就可以準確而快速地解題。
4)．邏輯關(guān)系線索法
一篇文章往往是一個有機的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來看，句子與句子之間常常有并列、順承、遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果、過渡、例證等關(guān)系，有時甚至包含不止一種這樣的關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時一定要把握文章脈絡(luò)，弄清其中的邏輯關(guān)系。如果文中或選項中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關(guān)系詞，考生就可以利用其來進行推理判斷；如果文中或選項中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，這就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語境弄清文章內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，作出正確的判斷。
考點一 段首句
【典例分析】
（22·23上·廣西·學業(yè)考試）
9 Make cleaning yur hme a respnsibility fr the whle family. Create a list f husewrk and have everyne sign up. Then set up a time during the week r n the weekend when everyne can d their husewrk tgether.
A．D husewrk as a family.
B．Try t set aside a regular day every week.
C．That’s why yu create a sense f supprt.
D．As a result, never feel bad abut taking a break.
E．Remember that yur children learn by example.
F．Just eat a meal and have a cnversatin tgether.
G．Here are sme tips t help bring yur family clser.
【答案】 9．A
9．空格處的句子是該部分的主題句?？崭窈蟮木渥印癕ake cleaning yur hme a respnsibility fr the whle family. Create a list f husewrk and have everyne sign up. Then set up a time during the week r n the weekend when everyne can d their husewrk tgether.（讓打掃你的家成為全家人的責任。創(chuàng)建一份家務清單，讓每個人都簽字。然后在一周內(nèi)或周末安排一個時間，讓每個人都可以一起做家務）”是建議讓每個人都參與做家務，所以空格處的句子一定是建議讓家人一起做家務，所以把A項“D husewrk as a family.（像一家人一樣做家務）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選A項。
考點二 段中句
【典例分析】
（22·23上·廣西·學業(yè)考試）
Set aside time fr family. 7 By keeping this day n a regular schedule, everyne will knw that they need t keep that day clear fr family time. Then the entire family can get tgether fr a fun activity.
Eat meals tgether. Chse a few nights during the week when yu expect everyne t gather arund the dinner table. Studies have shwn that eating meals tgether has a psitive effect n children’s physical and mental well-being. 8 Dn’t allw phnes. What’s the mst imprtant is that yu cme tgether and enjy a meal free f distractin (分心).
A．D husewrk as a family.
B．Try t set aside a regular day every week.
C．That’s why yu create a sense f supprt.
D．As a result, never feel bad abut taking a break.
E．Remember that yur children learn by example.
F．Just eat a meal and have a cnversatin tgether.
G．Here are sme tips t help bring yur family clser.
【答案】 7．B 8．F
7．根據(jù)空格前的句子“Set aside time fr family.（為家庭留出時間）”和空格后的句子“By keeping this day n a regular schedule, everyne will knw that they need t keep that day clear fr family time.（通過定期安排這一天，每個人都會知道他們需要留出一天的家庭時間）”可知，空格處的句子一定提到“定期安排一天”這一建議，所以把B項“Try t set aside a regular day every week.（試著每周留出固定的一天）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選B項。
8．空格前的句子“Eat meals tgether. Chse a few nights during the week when yu expect everyne t gather arund the dinner table. Studies have shwn that eating meals tgether has a psitive effect n children’s physical and mental well-being.（一起吃飯。在一周中選擇幾個晚上，那時你希望每個人都聚集在餐桌旁。研究表明，一起吃飯對孩子的身心健康有積極的影響）”是建議和家人一起吃飯，并說明這樣做的好處；而空格后的句子“Dn’t allw phnes. What’s the mst imprtant is that yu cme tgether and enjy a meal free f distractin.（不允許使用手機。最重要的是你們聚在一起，專心享受一頓飯）”是建議不要使用手機，專心享受和家人一起吃飯的時間，所以空格處的句子也應該是談論和家人一起吃飯的事，所以把F項“Just eat a meal and have a cnversatin tgether.（只是一起吃頓飯，聊聊天）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選F項。
考點三 段尾句
【典例分析】
（22·23下·佛山·學業(yè)考試）It’s the hliday seasn, and yu are n a lng break frm schl and athletics. Hw d yu make sure yu stay fit during the hlidays? Fllw the five tips t keep yurself mving during the hlidays.
Have a plan. Create a plan fr yur training sessins. This can make sure yu “cmplete X amunt f wrkuts a week” and have wrkuts scheduled int yur day. 16
Get enugh sleep and rest. Enugh rest will reduce the risk f injury. What’s mre, it wil1 prvide a necessary mental reset. During the schl year, yu maintain a very busy schedule and smetimes sleep is nt high n yur pririty list. While yu have the time t rest, yu shuld! 19
A．Exercise in the mrning.
B．Make ding sprts a scial event.
C．Make sure yu get in sme srt f mvement daily.
D．S dn’t be t hard n yurself when it cmes t exercise.
E．Eating healthily nw will give yu mre energy thrughut the day.
F．In additin, yu are mre likely t cmplete them withut affecting ther events.
G．Therefre, when yu g back t schl, yur bdy and mind will be ready t wrk.
【答案】16．F 19．G
16．根據(jù)前文“Have a plan. Create a plan fr yur training sessins. This can make sure yu “cmplete X amunt f wrkuts a week” and have wrkuts scheduled int yur day. (策劃計劃。為您的訓練制定一個計劃。這可以確保您每周完成指定次數(shù)的鍛煉，并使鍛煉計劃安排在您的每一天中)”可知，要定制鍛煉計劃，且要完成，前提是在不影響其他事情的情況下，F(xiàn)項“In additin, yu are mre likely t cmplete them withut affecting ther events. (此外，您更有可能在不影響其他事件的情況下完成它們)”符合語境，故選F項。
19．根據(jù)前文“During the schl year, yu maintain a very busy schedule and smetimes sleep is nt high n yur pririty list. While yu have the time t rest, yu shuld! (在學年期間，您保持非常繁忙的日程安排，有時睡眠不是您的優(yōu)先事項。因此，當您有時間休息時，您應該好好休息)”可知，作者強調(diào)了假期期間獲取足夠的睡眠和休息的重要性。空處位于段末，應承接上文陳述獲得足夠睡眠和休息的好處，G項“Therefre, when yu g back t schl, yur bdy and mind will be ready t wrk. (因此，當你回到學校時，你的身心將準備好工作)”符合題意。故選G項。
（22·23·湖北·學業(yè)考試）Everyne lves travelling, right? Unfrtunately, mney can smetimes be a prblem. Here are sme tips fr gaining better travel experience, regardless f yur bank savings!
Tip 1: Decide where yu’ll g based n yur budget.
The cst f yur trip can depend greatly n where yu want t g. 1 . Fr example, cuntries like France and the UK can be pretty expensive t visit. By cntrast, Eastern Eurpe and Sutheast Asia are cheaper and still ffer great cultural experiences.
Tip 2: 2 .
Yes, everyne lves the luxury f a five star htel. But sadly, in a lt f places, this is just nt realistic fr thse n a budget. That’s why whenever I travel t cuntries which are expensive, I chse t stay in hstels r campsites. Hstels are a sure way t meet ptential travelling cmpanins while als saving mney. 3 .
Tip 3: Dn’t always rely n restaurants.
Anther advantage f staying in hstels(招待所)is that yu will always have access t a kitchen. Eating in a restaurant can be very expensive, 4 . Many cities have markets where yu can buy fresh fd and vegetables n the cheap, and yu can even try t make the ppular fd f the cuntry.
S yu see, if yu cme prepared, yu can easily travel the wrld, 5 .
A．Chse hstels and campsites
B．n matter what yur budget is
C．s yu can easily save by cking yur wn meals
D．S, knwing the average csts in a cuntry can help yu plan yur trip
E．Camping is als a great chice fr budget accmmdatin, especially if yu enjy the utdrs
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．B
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了預算緊張，但是又想出去旅游的三個小竅門。
1．根據(jù)上文“The cst f yur trip can depend greatly n where yu want t g.(你旅行的費用很大程度上取決于你要去哪里)”可知空處應與談論費用有關(guān)，與D項“S, knwing the average csts in a cuntry can help yu plan yur trip.(因此，了解一個國家的平均費用可以幫助您計劃旅行。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選D項。
2．根據(jù)下文“That’s why whenever I travel t cuntries which are expensive, I chse t stay in hstels r campsites. (這就是為什么每當我去昂貴的國家旅行時，我都會選擇住在旅館或露營地。)”可知，本段與htel和campsites有關(guān)，與A項“Chse hstels and campsites(選擇旅館和露營地)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選A項。
3．根據(jù)上文“That’s why whenever I travel t cuntries which are expensive, I chse t stay in hstels r campsites. (這就是為什么每當我去昂貴的國家旅行時，我都會選擇住在旅館或露營地。)”可知，本段與htel和campsites有關(guān)，描述完htel之后應該要提到campsites有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，與E項“Camping is als a great chice fr budget accmmdatin, especially if yu enjy the utdrs(露營也是經(jīng)濟型住宿的絕佳選擇，特別是如果您喜歡戶外活動)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選E項。
4．根據(jù)小標題“Tip 3: Dn’t always rely n restaurants.(技巧3：不要總是依賴餐館。)”可知，在餐館吃飯會很貴，可以通過自己做飯來節(jié)省，與C項“s yu can easily save by cking yur wn meals(這樣你就可以通過自己做飯來輕松節(jié)省)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選C項。
5．根據(jù)全文及上文“S yu see, if yu cme prepared, yu can easily travel the wrld, (所以你看，如果你有備而來，你可以輕松地環(huán)游世界，)”可知，空處呼應第一段并總結(jié)全文：不管你越算多少，只要你做好準備就可以輕松的周游世界，與B項“n matter what yur budget is(無論您的預算是多少)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選B項。
（22·23·海南·學業(yè)考試）Critical thinking is the ability t think clearly and ratinally (理性地). T think critically is t reflect n things in an independent manner. 6 A critical thinker is able t deduce cnclusins frm what he r she already knws, use existing knwledge t reach cnclusins, and identify relevant surces f infrmatin t extend existing knwledge. Here are sme things yu can d t enhance yur critical thinking.
Clarify yur thinking. Dn’t be satisfied with a vague r fuzzy understanding f things. Dn’t take things at face value. Seek the real meaning f things by lking at nt just the surface, but belw the surface as well. Stick t the pint when yu are thinking smething thrugh. Dn’t jump abut withut any lgical cnnectins between yur thughts. 7
Keep an pen mind. Yu will nt be able t think critically if yu apprach things with a rigid set f pinins and attitudes that are nt pen t discussin. 8 Keep judgment abut things until yu are certain yu have enugh infrmatin with which t make an infrmed judgment. This is anther way f saying “dn’t jump t cnclusins.”
9 Learn abut things yu dn’t knw much abut and explre new ways f lking at and ding things. Dn’t let yur emtins get in the way f yur thinking. 10 Yu will d yur clearest thinking when yu are calm and in cntrl. Be a gd listener. The better yu listen, the mre crrect infrmatin yu will have, and the better decisins yu will make.
A．Be intellectually curius.
B．D nt rush t judgment.
C．Stay fcused n what is relevant.
D．Judge things accrding t yur persnal standards.
E．Think critically, and yu will be all that yu can be.
F．It’s difficult t think critically when yu are angry r upset.
G．Critical thinking becmes increasingly imprtant as yu prgress thrugh schl.
【答案】6．G 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．F
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何培養(yǎng)批判性思維。
6．根據(jù)下文“A critical thinker is able t deduce cnclusins frm what he r she already knws, use existing knwledge t reach cnclusins, and identify relevant surces f infrmatin t extend existing knwledge.(批判性思考者能夠從他或她已經(jīng)知道的東西中推斷出結(jié)論，利用現(xiàn)有的知識得出結(jié)論，并識別相關(guān)的信息來源來擴展現(xiàn)有的知識)”可知，批判性思維是很重要的。由此可知，G選項“Critical thinking becmes increasingly imprtant as yu prgress thrugh schl.(隨著你在學校的進步，批判性思維變得越來越重要)”能夠承接上文，強調(diào)了批判性思維的重要性，同時為下文介紹培養(yǎng)批判性思維的方法做好鋪墊，符合語境。故選G。
7．根據(jù)上文“Stick t the pint when yu are thinking smething thrugh. Dn’t jump abut withut any lgical cnnectins between yur thughts.(當你想清楚某件事的時候，要抓住重點。不要在沒有任何邏輯聯(lián)系的情況下跳來跳去)”可知，要專心于重點。由此可知，C選項“Stay fcused n what is relevant.(專注于相關(guān)的內(nèi)容)”能夠承接上文，說明了要專注于重點，符合語境。故選C。
8．根據(jù)下文“Keep judgment abut things until yu are certain yu have enugh infrmatin with which t make an infrmed judgment. This is anther way f saying “dn’t jump t cnclusins.”(保持對事物的判斷，直到你確定你有足夠的信息來做出明智的判斷。這是“不要妄下結(jié)論”的另一種說法)”可知，不能妄下結(jié)論。由此可知，B選項“D nt rush t judgment.(不要急于下結(jié)論)”能夠引起下文，說明了不要妄下結(jié)論，符合語境。故選B。
9．空格處是本段主題句，根據(jù)下文“Learn abut things yu dn’t knw much abut and explre new ways f lking at and ding things.(學習你不太了解的事情，探索看待和做事的新方法)”可知，我們要對未知的事情保持好奇。由此可知，A選項“Be intellectually curius.(保持求知欲)”說明了要對未知的事情保持好奇，能夠概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作主題句。故選A。
10．根據(jù)上文“Dn’t let yur emtins get in the way f yur thinking.(不要讓你的情緒影響你的思考)”可知，不要讓情緒影響思考，空格處應該說為什么。由此可知，F(xiàn)選項“It’s difficult t think critically when yu are angry r upset.(當你生氣或沮喪時，很難進行批判性思考)”能夠承接上文，說明了生氣或或沮喪時，很難進行批判性思考，解釋了為什么不要讓情緒影響思考，符合語境。故選F。
（20·21下·貴州·學業(yè)考試）An expert says being a mrning persn is the best way t make the mst f yur day Hw can yu train yurself t be a mrning persn? 11 .
●Train yurself t g t bed earlier
Ging t bed earlier will make it easier t get up in the mrning since yu are well-rested. Dr. Stanley said, “In rder t be energetic next mrning, 12 .”
●D sme exercise during the day
If yu are training yurself t be a mrning persn, it can be a gd idea t start yur exercise befre yu g t wrk. Dr. Stanley suggested, “Being awake and active during the day will help yu get a gd night sleep. 13 .”
●Turn n a light as sn as yu wake up
As sn as yur alarm ges ff, 14 . “The thing that tells yu t be awake is light,” Dr. Stanley said. “Turning n the lights helps t create a psitive mental attitude which will help yu get up and g.”
● 15
Set yur ld-schl clck fr the time yu need t get up. Nt yur phne’s clck, but an ld-schl clck with an alarm n it. This means yur phne shuld be nwhere near yu when yu’ re sleeping. Put it n the ther side f the rm r in anther rm.
A．Use yur phne’s clck
B．Use an ld-schl clck
C．train yurself t g t bed earlier
D．Yu shuld g shpping everyday
E．turn n a light t help yu wake up
F．Here, Dr. Neil Stanley gives his tp tips t achieve it
G．This means yu shuld d sme exercise during the day
【答案】11．F 12．C 13．G 14．E 15．B
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何訓練自己早起成為“早起的人”。主要包括：訓練自己早睡早起、白天適度運動、起床后打開燈光、使用老式鬧鐘等。
11．根據(jù)前文“An expert says being a mrning persn is the best way t make the mst f yur day Hw can yu train yurself t be a mrning persn?(一位專家說，做一個早起的人是充分利用一天的最好方式。怎樣才能把自己訓練成一個早起的人呢？)”可知，此處提出問題即如何做一個早起的人，后文應該就此給出具體建議。F選項“Here, Dr. Neil Stanley gives his tp tips t achieve it(在這里，尼爾·斯坦利博士給出了實現(xiàn)這一目標的重要建議)”承上啟下，指出該專家提出了一些具體建議，符合語境。故選F。
12．根據(jù)本段段旨“Train yurself t g t bed earlier(訓練自己早點睡覺)”可知，本段陳述的是訓練自己早睡來幫助自己早起。C選項“train yurself t g t bed earlier(訓練自己早點睡覺)”與段旨呼應，符合語境。故選C。
13．根據(jù)本段段旨“D sme exercise during the day(白天做些運動嗎)”以及前文“Being awake and active during the day will help yu get a gd night sleep.(白天保持清醒和活躍有助于你晚上睡個好覺。)”可知，本段講述的是在白天做一些運動有助于自己讓自己在白天清醒和積極，可以讓自己在晚間有好的睡眠。G選項“This means yu shuld d sme exercise during the day(這意味著你應該在白天做一些運動)”承接前文，指出白天運動有助于晚上能夠有好的睡眠，符合語境。故選G。
14．根據(jù)本段段旨“Turn n a light as sn as yu wake up(你一醒來就把燈打開)”可知，此處給出的建議是一醒來的時候就把燈打開，能夠讓自己早起。E選項“turn n a light t help yu wake up(打開一盞燈來幫助你醒來)”與段旨呼應，符合語境。故選E。
15．根據(jù)后文的“Set yur ld-schl clck fr the time yu need t get up.( 把你的舊鬧鐘設(shè)置為你需要起床的時間。)” 可知，本段主要陳述的是使用老式鬧鐘幫助自己起床。B選項“Use an ld-schl clck(使用老式的時鐘)”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選B。
（21·22·福建·學業(yè)考試）One f the mst imprtant keys is making sure that kids are getting the message yu're trying t send. When yu cmmunicate with kids, smetimes the way instructins (指令) are given can be just as imprtant as what yu're trying t cmmunicate. 16
Be direct. Make statements rather than asking questins. “Please turn right,” as ppsed t “Are yu ready t get ut yur hmewrk?”
17 Give instructins when yu are near the child, rather than calling ut frm acrss the rm.
Use clear and specific cmmands (命令). Instead f “G ahead,” say, “Please turn right at the secnd crssing. ”
Give instructins ne at a time. 18 “Please put n yur cat, get yur lunch ff the kitchen cunter, and meet me in the frnt dr.”
Keep explanatins easy. Giving a ratinale (根本原因) can increase the likelihd children will listen t a cmmand. Fr example, “G get yur cat n because it's raining. 19 ” Instead, try: “It’s raining and I dn’t want yu t catch a cld. G get yur cat n.
Give kids time t prcess. After yu give an instructin, wait a few secnds, withut repeating what yu said. They dn't need t listen. 20 Watching and waiting als helps keep adults frm ding what we’ve requested f ur kids fr them.
A．Be clse.
B．Dn't give them ne by ne.
C．I dn't want yu t catch a cld.
D．D shut ut as ludly as pssible.
E．Try t avid giving instructins all tgether.
F．This is because the instructins will be repeated.
G．Here are the practical ways t present infrmatin t the kids
【答案】16．G 17．A 18．E 19．C 20．F
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種向孩子有效地傳達信息的方法和建議。
16．根據(jù)上文“When yu cmmunicate with kids, smetimes the way instructins (指令) are given can be just as imprtant as what yu're trying t cmmunicate.”（當你和孩子交流時，有時候給出指示的方式和你想要傳達的內(nèi)容一樣重要。）引出話題，提到向孩子傳達信息，以及下文具體的介紹一些建議和方法，可推知，空格處內(nèi)容應為有一些向孩子們展示信息的實用方法。結(jié)合選項G項Here are the practical ways t present infrmatin t the kids.（以下是向孩子們展示信息的實用方法。）符合此推斷，起到上下文的承上啟下作用，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。
17．由該題為段落小標題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Give instructins when yu are near the child, rather than calling ut frm acrss the rm.”（當你靠近孩子的時候，要給予指示，而不是在房間的另一頭大聲喊叫。）可知，講的是靠近孩子給予指示。結(jié)合選項A項Be clse.（保持親近。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項。
18．根據(jù)上文“Give instructins ne at a time.”（每次只給一個指示。）提到每次只給一個指示。以及下文““Please put n yur cat, get yur lunch ff the kitchen cunter, and meet me in the frnt dr.””（“請穿上外套，把你的午餐從廚房柜臺上拿下來，然后在前門等我?！保榫唧w解釋一個指示的例子。由此可推知，空格處內(nèi)容應為不要給太多的指示，每次只給一個指示。結(jié)合選E項Try t avid giving instructins all tgether.（盡量避免一起下達指令。）符合此推斷，起到上下文的承上啟下作用，上下文語意連貫。故選E項。
19．根據(jù)下文“Instead, try: “It’s raining and I dn’t want yu t catch a cld. G get yur cat n.”（相反，你可以說：“下雨了，我不想讓你感冒?！比グ淹馓状┥稀＃┛芍?，提到相反例子的表達方式，由此可知，空格處內(nèi)容應該與此意義保持一致。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，空格處內(nèi)容缺少的是“我不想讓你感冒”。結(jié)合選項C項I dn't want yu t catch a cld.（我不想讓你感冒。）符合此推斷，和下文例子形成對比關(guān)系。故選C項。
20．根據(jù)上文“After yu give an instructin, wait a few secnds, withut repeating what yu said. They dn't need t listen.”（在你給出指示后，等幾秒鐘，不要重復你說的話。他們不需要聽。）提到給出指示后不要重復你說的話，由此可推知，空格處應該為解釋該做法的原因。結(jié)合選項F項This is because the instructins will be repeated.（這是因為指令會被重復。）符合此推斷，承接上文內(nèi)容，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。
（21·22上·云南·學業(yè)考試）Lsing weight is tugh. Fr mst peple, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude. 21
Set healthy gals.
If yu're verweight and want t change that, the first step is deciding what yur target weight is. 22
Start small.
Making majr behavir changes isn't smething that happens vernight. 23 Keep eating 5 servings f vegetables a day, exercise 2 days a week fr the first week, and then add a little mre each week.
24
Nw it's time t start wrking twards that gal. The best way t stick with yur diet and exercise rules is t track it. There are plenty f apps that allw yu t d this. Or yu can d it in an ld way and keep a written fd and exercise jurnal. Find what wrks fr yu and write dwn what yu've achieved every day.
Evaluate (評估) and adjust.
Every mnth yu shuld take a lk at yur gal and see what type f prgress yu've made twards achieving it. If yu're nt where yu want t be, make small adjustments. Try ding different exercises r cutting back n certain types f fds that yu may be eating t much f.
25 Find what just wrks fr yu and stick with it.
A．Track yur diet and exercise.
B．Here's hw yu can achieve all the three.
C．Yu might as well start with yur wn attitude.
D．What steps are yu ging t take t stick with yur diet?
E．S start with 1-2 things per week and wrk up frm there.
F．Lsing weight and keeping it ff is a highly persnal thing.
G．Write dwn yur gal and set a date by which yu want t achieve that gal.
【答案】21．B 22．G 23．E 24．A 25．F
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了通過節(jié)食和鍛煉減肥需要注意的方面。
21．根據(jù)上文“Lsing weight is tugh. Fr mst peple, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude.(減肥是艱難的。對大多數(shù)人來說，它需要改變飲食，改變運動習慣，改變態(tài)度)”結(jié)合后文介紹了減肥的方法，可知本句為過渡句，故B選項“以下是你實現(xiàn)這三個目標的方法”符合語境，故選B。
22．根據(jù)標題“Set healthy gals.(制定健康的目標)”以及上文“If yu're verweight and want t change that, the first step is deciding what yur target weight is.(如果你超重了，想要改變，第一步就是確定你的目標體重是多少)”可知，上文提到了確定目標體重是多少，可知本句是第二步：寫下你的目標，設(shè)定一個你想要實現(xiàn)目標的日期，G選項中g(shù)al對應標題gals。故G選項“寫下你的目標，設(shè)定一個你想要實現(xiàn)目標的日期”符合語境，故選G。
23．根據(jù)上文“Making majr behavir changes isn't smething that happens vernight.(做出重大的行為改變不是一朝一夕的事)”可知，上文提到了不是一朝一夕的事，故本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出要慢慢來。故E選項“所以從每周做1-2件事開始，然后慢慢做”符合語境，故選E。
24．根據(jù)下文“The best way t stick with yur diet and exercise rules is t track it. There are plenty f apps that allw yu t d this. Or yu can d it in an ld way and keep a written fd and exercise jurnal. Find what wrks fr yu and write dwn what yu've achieved every day.(堅持你的飲食和鍛煉規(guī)則的最好方法是跟蹤它。有很多應用程序可以讓你做到這一點?；蛘吣憧梢杂靡环N老方法，把食物和鍛煉記錄下來。找到適合你的方法，并寫下你每天取得的成就)”可知，本段建議我們應該監(jiān)測，記錄我們的飲食和運動。故A項“記錄你的飲食和鍛煉”。故選A。
25．根據(jù)后文“Find what just wrks fr yu and stick with it.(找到適合你的方法并堅持下去)”可知，后文提到找到適合自己的方法，可知本句在指出減肥是屬于個性化的事情，需要找到適合自己的方法堅持下去，故F選項“減肥并保持體重是一件非常個人化的事情”符合語境，故選F。
（21·22上·信陽·學業(yè)考試）Mst Americans speak directly and are nt afraid t say “n”. But we d have ways t be plite-r shw respect fr anther’s feelings. 26
Any questins?
In the case f a teacher asking, “D yu have any questins?” Yu may want t answer this way, “ N, I d nt have any, because yur lessn was very clear.”
Anther answer yu may give is: 27 .This leaves pen the pssibility f asking questins later.
Mre cffee?
On a plane when a flight attendant (乘務員) asks, “D yu need cffee?” yu may hear this answer: “Thanks, I’m fine.”
Nte that the speaker des nt use the wrd “n” but still sends the message that cffee is nt wanted. Anther answer wuld suggest smething else the attendant can bring. 28
Mre difficult situatins
I think that saying “n” may be mre difficult in ther situatins, such as when a friend asks yu fr a favr. 29
Here is an example:
—Ryan, can I brrw yur bicycle tmrrw?
—N, I’m srry, but I need it t g t my jb.
30 we might say we wuld like t accept it t be plite. Lk at this example:
—Ryan, can yu jin us fr dinner Saturday?
—I wish I culd, but I have ther plans.
Here, yu express the idea that yu want t accept the invitatin but yu d nt need t give details (細節(jié)) f yur plan.
A．In this case, Americans wuld usually explain why they cannt help.
B．Let us lk at sme plite ways t say“n”
C．Yu may wrry what yu say is annying.
D．Nt nw, but I might have sme later.
E．It is als difficult t say “n” t an invitatin.
F．N, thanks, but I wuld like sme water.
【答案】26．B 27．D 28．F 29．A 30．E
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國人在表達“不”時的禮貌方式。文章介紹了在不同場合下，如何禮貌地婉拒對方的請求或邀請，以及美國人不直接使用“不”的方式，而是通過暗示和委婉的表達來傳遞信息。
26．根據(jù)前文“Mst Americans speak directly and are nt afraid t say “n”. But we d have ways t be plite-r shw respect fr anther’s feelings.(大多數(shù)美國人說話直接，不怕說“不”。但我們確實有禮貌的方式，或者尊重他人的感受)”以及后文提出的具體情況可知，大多數(shù)美國人說話直接，不怕說“不”，但美國人有其他的有禮貌的方式來表示拒絕。由此可知，B選項“Let us lk at sme plite ways t say “n”(讓我們來看看說“不”的一些禮貌的方式)”承上啟下，指出一些說“不”的一些禮貌方式，符合語境。故選B。
27．根據(jù)前文的“In the case f a teacher asking, “D yu have any questins?” (如果老師問：“你們有什么問題嗎？”)”可知，此處指出老師的問題，后文應該是對老師詢問的更禮貌的回答。由此可知，D選項“Nt nw, but I might have sme later.(現(xiàn)在沒有，但以后可能會有)”承接前文，符合語境，是對老師提問的更禮貌回答。故選D。
28．根據(jù)前文中“D yu need cffee?(你需要咖啡嗎？)”以及“Anther answer wuld suggest smething else the attendant can bring.(另一個答案是服務員可以帶來別的東西。)”可知，此處指出對服務員的詢問進行另外的一種禮貌的回答。由此可知，F(xiàn)選項“N, thanks, but I wuld like sme water.(不，謝謝，但我想喝點水)”承接前文，指出不喝咖啡，但是需要一點水，符合語境。故選F。
29．根據(jù)前文“I think that saying “n” may be mre difficult in ther situatins, such as when a friend asks yu fr a favr.(我認為在其他情況下說“不”可能更困難，比如當一個朋友請你幫忙的時候)”可知，在當一個朋友請你幫忙的時候，拒絕對方是很困難的，后文應該指出對此情況的說話內(nèi)容。A選項“In this case, Americans wuld usually explain why they cannt help.(在這種情況下，美國人通常會解釋為什么他們不能幫忙)”中的in this case與前文的when a friend asks yu fr a favr形成呼應，指出在當一個朋友請你幫忙的時候，拒絕對方并且解釋為什么不能幫助對方，符合語境。故選A。
30．根據(jù)后文“we might say we wuld like t accept it t be plite. (出于禮貌，我們可以說我們愿意接受它)”以及后文的內(nèi)容“Ryan, can yu jin us fr dinner Saturday?(賴安，周六能和我們一起吃晚飯嗎？)”可知，此處是以邀請對方吃晚餐為例進行說明在一些情況下拒絕別人很難，同時針對這種情況給出了其他的適當回答。E選項“It is als difficult t say “n” t an invitatin.(對邀請說“不”也很難)”中的invitatin與后文的accept it形成呼應，指出在很多情況下，我們很難拒絕別人的邀請，會選擇接受它，E選項符合語境。故選E。
（19·20上·遼寧·開學考試）T help yu understand what 5G is, and what it means t yu, we’ve put tgether a handy guide here.
What is 5G?
31 At its mst basic level, 5G will be used t make calls, send texts, and t simply get nline. But it’s ging t be significantly faster than previus generatins, and culd pen the dr up t a range f exciting new uses.
32
5G will use new higher radi frequencies t send ut data, which are less cluttered(擠了)and carry infrmatin much faster. While these higher bands(頻段) are faster, they dn’t carry infrmatin as far. That’s t say, smaller multiple input and utput antennas (天線)will be used—prmting bth signals and capacity(容量). 33
Why is it better than 4G?
5G is expected t be faster than 4G, with sme firms claiming it culd be as much as 100 times quicker. The fastest 4G netwrks can deliver 傳輸)peak(峰值)dwnlad speeds f arund 300 Mbit/s. 34 In real life, this culd allw yu t dwnlad a full HD film in less than 10 secnds! 35 It means there will be very little—if any—delay when yu carry ut tasks n a device(設(shè)備). While this will help imprve things like gaming experiences, it culd als pave(為…鋪平道路)the way fr safer self-driving cars—in which even a shrt delay culd be life-saving.
Finally, 5G will have a larger capacity, meaning netwrks will be able t deal with several apps at nce. Generally, this shuld mean that devices have a faster, mre stable cnnectin.
A．Hw des 5G wrk?
B．Hw will 5G affect yu?
C．5G is als expected t have a lwer lag(延遲).
D．5G is shrt fr “5th generatin mbile netwrk.”
E．In cmparisn, 5G culd ffer dwnlad speeds f ver 1 Gb/s.
F．Therefre, the similarity between 5G and 4G technlgy is huge.
G．This means 5G will supprt up t 1,000 mre devices per meter than 4G.
【答案】31．D 32．A 33．G 34．E 35．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要描述了一個方便的指南告訴讀者5G是什么，它對你意味著什么。
31．根據(jù)下文“At its mst basic level, 5G will be used t make calls, send texts, and t simply get nline.(在最基本的層面上，5G將用于撥打電話，發(fā)送短信以及簡單地上網(wǎng)。)”結(jié)合小標題“What is 5G?(什么是5G)”可知本段主要內(nèi)容是5G的概念，與D項“5G is shrt fr “5th generatin mbile netwrk.”(5G是“第五代移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)”的縮寫。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選D項。
32．根據(jù)下文“5G will use new higher radi frequencies t send ut data, which are less cluttered(擠了)and carry infrmatin much faster.(5G將使用新的更高無線電頻率來發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)不那么混亂，并且傳輸信息的速度要快得多。)”可知本段內(nèi)容與5G的工作原理有關(guān)，與A項“Hw des 5G wrk?(5G如何運作？)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選A項。
33．根據(jù)上文“That’s t say, smaller multiple input and utput antennas (天線)will be used—prmting bth signals and capacity(容量).(也就是說，更小的多輸入和輸出天線將被應用——提升信號質(zhì)量和容量?！笨芍仗巸?nèi)容與這種天線所帶來的優(yōu)勢有關(guān)，與G項“This means 5G will supprt up t 1,000 mre devices per meter than 4G.(這意味著5G每米將比4G多支持多達1，000個設(shè)備。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選G項。
34．根據(jù)上文“The fastest 4G netwrks can deliver 傳輸)peak(峰值)dwnlad speeds f arund 300 Mbit/s.(最快的4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以提供大約300Mbit/s的傳輸下載速度。)”可知4G速度快，但是5G速度會更快，空處要與4G的網(wǎng)絡(luò)速度對比來說明5G的網(wǎng)絡(luò)速度，與E項“In cmparisn, 5G culd ffer dwnlad speeds f ver 1 Gb/s.(相比之下，5G可以提供超過1Gb/s的下載速度)”上下文一致，故選E項。
35．根據(jù)下文“It means there will be very little—if any—delay when yu carry ut tasks n a device(設(shè)備).(這意味著當您在設(shè)備上執(zhí)行任務時，幾乎沒有延遲。)”可知當你在設(shè)備上執(zhí)行任務時，即使有延遲，也會非常小，空處與下文為解釋說明關(guān)系，來說明5G有較低的延遲性，與C項“5G is als expected t have a lwer lag(延遲).(預計5G也將具有降低的延遲)”上下文一致，lwer lag與delay為前后呼應，故選C項。
（22·23上·安徽·期中）Time t make lemnade ut f life’s lemns
When yu have an unexpected lckdwn staring at yu, take it ne day at a time. Instead f getting bgged dwn by the thught, take each f thse days as an pprtunity t build new skills, explre hbbies and d things yu’ve always wanted t. 36 .
1. Give yur huse a makever
37 ? With a lckdwn in full prgress, this may be a gd time t give yur hme a fresh new lk. Change the curtains, mve yur tables, chairs and sfas arund the huse t try ut new cmbinatins. Besides burning gd calries, this activity culd help yu hit the reset buttn and let yu escape the bredm f same-ld.
2 38 There are at least half a dzen peple, at any given pint f time that yu need t call back. An elderly aunt, that slightly tuchy friend, r yur frmer clleague — yu really meant t call them back, but ... yu knw hw it is. This is a gd time t find ut hw yur friends and family are ding. Spread the warmth and stay bnded.
3. Find the bkwrm in yu
This is a n-brainer t be hnest. Besides being a great entertainer, this can be a great use f yur me-time, simply because yu will enhance yur knwledge f peple, sciety, histry and culture. 39 .
4. Try digital husekeeping
Yur hme may be tidy and in rder, but yur digital life is a mess: phts all ut f place, the music frm gd-knws-when, ld text files that need t be cleaned up. 40 . Mst imprtantly, yu need t change yur passwrds and keep them safe.
A．Be a scial butterfly — n the phne
B．Here is a list f ideas fr yu t explre
C．Als, research suggests that reading keeps yu smarter
D．Used t the cmmn setting f yur rutine wrkplace
E．Therefre, yu are suppsed t finish the fllwing things
F．Nt t mentin a system backup and an update f yur perating system
G．Tired f seeing the same ld seating/dining arrangements, day in, day ut
【答案】36．B 37．G 38．A 39．C 40．F
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要向讀者推薦一些疫情期間被封在家里時可以做的事情。
36．根據(jù)上文“When yu have an unexpected lckdwn staring at yu, take it ne day at a time. Instead f getting bgged dwn by the thught, take each f thse days as an pprtunity t build new skills, explre hbbies and d things yu’ve always wanted t. ”（當你被一種意想不到的封鎖盯著時，慢慢來。不要被這些想法所困，把每一天都當作一個機會，去學習新技能，探索愛好，做你一直想做的事情。）提到了當你被封鎖的時候，可以利用這個封鎖的機會，學習新技能，探索愛好，做你一直想做的事情。同時結(jié)合下文提到的具體的方法，可知，空處應承上啟下，引出下文的建議。選項B.“以下是一個想法列表供你探索。”符合題意，故選B。
37．根據(jù)下文“With a lckdwn in full prgress, this may be a gd time t give yur hme a fresh new lk.”（在全面封鎖的情況下，這可能是一個讓你的家煥然一新的好時機。）可知，封鎖會提供給你一個改善家里陳設(shè)的機會，讓其面目一新。因此可推知，空處提到的問題應是對家里的陳設(shè)是否已經(jīng)厭倦了。選項G.“厭倦了日復一日地看到同樣的座位/用餐安排”，講述了厭倦了日復一日不變的家庭陳設(shè)，符合題意，故選G。
38．根據(jù)下文“This is a gd time t find ut hw yur friends and family are ding. Spread the warmth and stay bnded.”（這是了解你的朋友和家人過得怎么樣的好時機。傳遞溫暖，保持聯(lián)系。）可知，本段主要講述要和朋友、家人保持聯(lián)系，進而利用這種聯(lián)系向他們傳遞溫暖。因此，標題應提及聯(lián)系的方式。選項A.“做一個交際花——在電話上”，提到了通過電話可以和朋友、家人獲得聯(lián)系，符合題意，故選A。
39．根據(jù)上文“This is a n-brainer t be hnest. Besides being a great entertainer, this can be a great use f yur me-time, simply because yu will enhance yur knwledge f peple, sciety, histry and culture.”（老實說，這是顯而易見的。除了成為一個偉大的藝人，這也可以很好地利用你的自我時間，因為你可以增強你對人、社會、歷史和文化的知識。）和本段標題，可知本段主要講述閱讀的好處，所以空處應承接上文，講述閱讀帶來的好處。選項C.“此外，研究表明閱讀能讓你更聰明。”表明了閱讀會讓你更聰明。符合題意，故選C。
40．本段標題“Try digital husekeeping”（嘗試數(shù)字化家政服務）同時根據(jù)上文“Yur hme may be tidy and in rder, but yur digital life is a mess: phts all ut f place, the music frm gd-knws-when, ld text files that need t be cleaned up. ”（你的家可能整潔有序，但你的數(shù)字生活卻是一團糟：照片到處亂放，音樂不知從何時開始，舊文本文件需要清理。）講述了家庭中缺少數(shù)字化存在的問題，所以空處應承接前文，講述問題的其它情形。選項F.“更不用說系統(tǒng)備份和操作系統(tǒng)更新了?！笨芍瑪?shù)據(jù)上要進行整理和更新，承上啟下，符合題意，故選F。
（22·23上·南京·模擬預測）The Sptlight Effect
Have yu ever felt as if the entire wrld was watching while yu made a mistake? Well, here’s sme gd news: it’s likely that n ne even nticed.
41 We have this experience nt nly when we make mistakes but als when we perfrm well. Every time we d smething that is a little different frm what we usually d, we may assume that everyne arund us will ntice. The sptlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, r give a terrible answer in class. 42 In these mments, it feels like everyne is watching.
The sptlight effect exists because we all get used t seeing things thrugh ur wn eyes. Every persn is the main character in his r her stry, and the events f ur lives seem t have great imprtance. 43
The sptlight effect is a very cmmn part f the human experience. Hwever, in sme cases, it can lead t extreme scial anxiety and nervusness arund ther peple. Everyne suffers sme degree f scial anxiety. We all care abut what thers think, and we all want t be liked. It’s nrmal t wnder abut what effect we have n ther peple. 44 If smene is s nervus that they can’t make gd decisins, then it’s time t take actin and imprve the situatin.
Learning abut the sptlight effect is imprtant because it can help us reduce ur anxiety. Next time yu feel like everyne is staring at yu, remind yurself that it’s just yur mind playing tricks n yu. 45 If yu fill yur mind with thughts f yur friends and family, it will help yu be less self-cnscius.
A．Hwever, this can be a prblem when the anxiety is t much t handle.
B．That’s why fewer peple ntice the embarrassing circumstances they encunter.
C．Anther gd exercise is t make an effrt t ntice the peple arund yu, rather than fcusing n yurself.
D．The sptlight effect is a trick f the mind that makes us believe that peple ntice us mre ften than they really d.
E．What yu can d at this mment is t ignre them.
F．We are s busy examining urselves that we actually bserve very little abut everyne arund us.
G．It can als appear when we scre a big gal, ask smene n a date, r d a gd deed.
【答案】41．D 42．G 43．F 44．A 45．C
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了聚光燈效應的概念、成因和作用。
41．由標題“The Sptlight Effect (聚光燈效應)”，第一段“Have yu ever felt as if the entire wrld was watching while yu made a mistake? Well, here’s sme gd news: it’s likely that n ne even nticed. (當你犯錯誤時，你有沒有覺得整個世界都在注視著你？好吧，這里有一些好消息：很可能沒有人注意到)”和下文“We have this experience nt nly when we make mistakes but als when we perfrm well. Every time we d smething that is a little different frm what we usually d, we may assume that everyne arund us will ntice. (我們不僅在犯錯時，而且在表現(xiàn)出色時都有這種經(jīng)歷。每次我們做一些與平時稍有不同的事情時，我們都會認為周圍的人都會注意到)”可知，上下文講聚光燈效應出現(xiàn)的場合，當人們出錯時，人們總覺得會被周圍的許多人注意到，但事實真相是：很可能沒有人注意到你的行為，說明聚光燈效應只是一種心理作用，是人們自己認為會被注意到的一種現(xiàn)象，可得出D選項“聚光燈效應是一種大腦欺騙我們的手段，讓我們誤以為別人注意到我們的次數(shù)比實際情況更多?！鼻蓄}，呼應最后一段“Next time yu feel like everyne is staring at yu, remind yurself that it’s just yur mind playing tricks n yu. (下次當你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”。故選D項。
42．G選項“當我們?nèi)〉靡粋€大的目標，約某人約會或做一件好事時，它也會出現(xiàn)?！背薪由衔摹癟he sptlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, r give a terrible answer in class. (聚光燈效應可能發(fā)生在我們在比賽中犯錯、頭發(fā)糟糕或在課堂上給出糟糕的答案時)”講聚光燈效應出現(xiàn)場合的具體事例。故選G項。
43．由上文“Every persn is the main character in his r her stry, and the events f ur lives seem t have great imprtance. (每個人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我們生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人們很關(guān)注自己和自己身上發(fā)生的事情，該空與上文是因果關(guān)系，F(xiàn)選項“我們忙于審視自己，實際上很少觀察周圍的人。”承接上文講因為人們更多得關(guān)注自己，所以很少注意周圍的人。故選F項。
44．A選項“然而，當焦慮太多而無法處理時，這可能是一個問題?！迸c上文“Everyne suffers sme degree f scial anxiety. We all care abut what thers think, and we all want t be liked. It’s nrmal t wnder abut what effect we have n ther peple. (每個人都有一定程度的社交焦慮。我們都關(guān)心別人的想法，我們都想被人喜歡。想知道我們對其他人有什么影響是正常的)”講“擁有一定程度的社交焦慮是正?，F(xiàn)象”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出焦慮太多會成問題的事實，銜接下文“If smene is s nervus that they can’t make gd decisins, then it’s time t take actin and imprve the situatin. (如果有人過于緊張，無法做出正確的決定，那么是時候采取行動改善這種情況了)”講針對這種情況要采取措施的內(nèi)容。故選A項。
45．C選項“另一個好的練習是努力去注意你周圍的人，而不是專注于你自己。”承接上文“Next time yu feel like everyne is staring at yu, remind yurself that it’s just yur mind playing tricks n yu. (下次當你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”講克服聚光燈效應的具體策略。故選C項。
（22·23下·河北·學業(yè)考試）Nw that yu knw hw t build gd habits, let’s take a lk sme tip fr yu t maintain yur new behavir.
Make it part f yur schedule. It can be easy fr new psitive habits t fall by the wayside when yu dn’t d them regularly. When we have a lt n ur plate, life can get in the way f habit building. 46 Use time management techniques t effectively manage yur time and yur habits.
47 Surrund yurself with like -minded peple wh have similar gals t yu. Why? Because as humans, we are greatly influenced by what thers arund us are ding r feeling. Being arund a psitive grup f peple wh share similar gals and interests can help yu maintain yu habit greatly.
Use reminders. T help maintain yur habit, set reminders fr yurself. Fr example, set up reminders n yur phne r dwnlad ne f the many habit tacking apps available. 48 It makes yu mre mtivated (積極的) t stay n track and maintain it.
Practice self-cmpassin (同情). 49 .But maintaining it can even be mre difficult. Putting t much pressure n yurself t maintain yur habit can be cunterprductive(適得其反). Instead, avid being t hard n yurself by prating self-cmpassin. Remind yurself that habit frmatin is just the beginning f a jurney. 50 Dn’t beat yurself up and fcus n what future actins yu can take.
A．Building a habit is difficult.
B．Make sure t keep gd habits.
C．Create a supprtive envirnment.
D．And failure is a natural part f the jurney.
E．Make yur new habits part f yur schedule t avid this.
F．Yu may have frmed a habit f ging fr a num in the mrning.
G．Yu can als set reminders abut the reasns fr frming the new habit.
【答案】46．E 47．C 48．G 49．A 50．D
【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一些保持新習慣的建議。
46．根據(jù)本段標題“Make it part f yur schedule. (讓它成為你日程的一部分。)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是讓新的習慣成為你生活日程的一部分。同時根據(jù)前文“When we have a lt n ur plate, life can get in the way f habit building.(當我們有很多事情要做時，生活就會阻礙習慣的養(yǎng)成。)”可知，在我們生活中有很多事情要做時，生活會阻礙習慣的養(yǎng)成。后文應該強調(diào)避免此類情況的發(fā)生。E選項“Make yur new habits part f yur schedule t avid this.(讓你的新習慣成為你計劃的一部分來避免這種情況。)”中的this指代的是前文“當我們有很多事情要做時，生活就會阻礙習慣的養(yǎng)成?！钡氖聦?，符合句意。故選E。
47．根據(jù)后文“Surrund yurself with like -minded peple wh have similar gals t yu.(讓你身邊圍繞著志同道合、目標相似的人。)”以及“Being arund a psitive grup f peple wh share similar gals and interests can help yu maintain yu habit greatly.(和一群有著相似目標和興趣的積極的人在一起可以極大地幫助你保持你的習慣。)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是讓自己周圍圍繞著一些志同道合的人以及積極向上的人能夠幫助你保持習慣。強調(diào)營造積極環(huán)境的重要性。C選項“Create a supprtive envirnment.(創(chuàng)造一個支持性的環(huán)境。)”符合本段段旨。故選C。
48．根據(jù)前文“Fr example, set up reminders n yur phne r dwnlad ne f the many habit tacking apps available.(為了保持你的習慣，為自己設(shè)置提醒。例如，在手機上設(shè)置提醒，或者下載一個可用的習慣跟蹤應用程序。)”可知，可以使用提醒的方式讓保持新形成的習慣。G選項“Yu can als set reminders abut the reasns fr frming the new habit.(你也可以設(shè)置提醒關(guān)于自己養(yǎng)成新習慣的原因。)”承接前文，針對新形成的習慣可以設(shè)置提醒。故選G。
49．根據(jù)后文“But maintaining it can even be mre difficult.(但是維持它甚至更加困難。)”可知，維持形成的習慣可能是更困難的即在形成習慣的基礎(chǔ)上維持形成的習慣是更難的。A選項“Building a habit is difficult.(養(yǎng)成一種習慣是困難的。)”引起下文，與空后的it形成呼應關(guān)系。故選A。
50．根據(jù)前文“Remind yurself that habit frmatin is just the beginning f a jurney.(提醒自己，習慣的形成只是旅程的開始。)”可知，后文應該指出在旅程中還有其他事情的發(fā)生。D選項“And failure is a natural part f the jurney.(失敗是人生旅途中很自然的一部分。)”承接前文的“旅途”，形成呼應。同時后文的“Dn't beat yurself up. and fcus n what future actins yu can take.(不要自責。專注于你未來能采取的行動。)”可知，針對當前的失敗不要自責，D選項符合語境。故選D。
When yur best friends are upset, sad, r disappinted, all yu want t d is lift their spirits. Here are sme easy ways t cheer them up.
Help yur friend clean their rm.
Being surrunded by a mess desn’t d much fr yur mental state. 1 Helping yur friend straighten up their rm gives yu smething prductive t d tgether. Plus, when they’re n their wn, they can relax in a clean, peaceful space.
Encurage them t talk it ut.
Talking is effective. Teenagers usually want smene t talk t when they are stressed. 2 If they aren’t interested in talking, invite them t d an activity with yu and they will likely start talking.
Practice gratitude.
Thinking abut and fcusing n the gd things in yur life can d wnders fr lifting yur spirits. Help yur friend turn their attentin t thse things. 3
4
Staying active can help get depressin (抑郁) away. Invite the persn t jin yu in a dance class r anything else they may have mentined befre that they wanted t try ut but never have. Fun time with friends is surely helpful.
D an aimless act f kindness tgether.
5 S g ut, d things, even small things (e.g., pening a dr fr smene, paying fr smene’s drink, smiling at and greeting a stranger. etc.), fr thers and see hw yur day changes.
A．Try new things tgether.
B．Plan fr yur future tgether.
C．Just be there fr them and listen t them.
D．Tgether, yu can each list all the things yu’re grateful fr.
E．Science has shwn just being in nature naturally imprves ne’s md.
F．Meanwhile, having a tidy space can help yu feel mre in cntrl and calmer.
G．Oftentimes when we d things fr ther peple, we are the nes that benefit.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．G
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助心情不好的好朋友振奮精神的一些方法。
1．前文“Being surrunded by a mess desn’t d much fr yur mental state. (被一團亂麻包圍對你的精神狀態(tài)沒有多大幫助)”說明混亂對精神狀態(tài)無益，后文“Helping yur friend straighten up their rm gives yu smething prductive t d tgether. (幫助你的朋友整理他們的房間可以讓你們一起做一些富有成效的事情)”建議和朋友整理他們的房間，因此F項“Meanwhile, having a tidy space can help yu feel mre in cntrl and calmer. (另一方面，擁有一個整潔的空間可以幫助你感覺更有掌控力和平靜)”符合語境，說明整潔的空間對精神狀態(tài)有益，和前文形成對照，引出后文的建議。故選F。
2．前文“Talking is effective. Teenagers usually want smene t talk t when they are stressed. (交談是有效的。當青少年感到壓力時，他們通常想找人傾訴)”說明交談的必要性，因此C項“Just be there fr them and listen t them. (陪在他們身邊，傾聽他們的心聲)”符合語境，建議去傾聽，承接前文，其中的listen t和前文的talk t呼應。故選C。
3．前文“Thinking abut and fcusing n the gd things in yur life can d wnders fr lifting yur spirits. Help yur friend turn their attentin t thse things. (思考并專注于生活中的美好事物，對提升你的精神有神奇的作用。幫助你的朋友把他們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到這些事情上)”建議幫助朋友專注于美好事物，因此D項“Tgether, yu can each list all the things yu’re grateful fr. (你們可以一起列出所有值得感激的事情)”符合語境，具體說明可以列出值得感激的事情，承接前文，且其中的grateful和本段標題中的gratitude呼應。故選D。
4．空處是段落標題，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段落標題一樣使用祈使句的形式。后文“Staying active can help get depressin (抑郁) away. Invite the persn t jin yu in a dance class r anything else they may have mentined befre that they wanted t try ut but never have. (保持活躍可以幫助你遠離抑郁。邀請那個人加入你的舞蹈課，或者其他他們之前提到過但從未嘗試過的活動)”主要建議去嘗試一些新的活動，因此A項“Try new things tgether. (一起嘗試新事物)”符合語境，契合段落內(nèi)容。故選A。
5．空處位于段首，需引出段落內(nèi)容。后文“S g ut, d things, even small things (e.g., pening a dr fr smene, paying fr smene’s drink, smiling at and greeting a stranger. etc.), fr thers and see hw yur day changes. (所以走出去，為別人做一些事情，即使是很小的事情（例如，為別人開門，為別人的飲料買單，對陌生人微笑和打招呼等等），看看你的一天是如何變化的)”建議去為他人做一些善事，因此G項“Oftentimes when we d things fr ther peple, we are the nes that benefit. (通常，當我們?yōu)閯e人做事時，我們是受益的人)”符合語境，說明做善事的好處，引出后文內(nèi)容。故選G。
Online shpping has increased ver the past few years. Online businessmen are attracting custmers with creative designs, discunts (折扣) sales, and much mre. Peple lve drstep delivery prducts. Custmers are nt ften visiting physical shps nwadays. 6 . This article will guide yu n hw t shp and save when buying nline.
Make high-value shpping. 7 . Fr example, if yur rder is $5,000, yu will receive heavy discunts. It depends n the cmpany wisdm. They fllw a regulatin: The mre yu spend, the mre discunts yu can receive.
Shp n public hlidays. Public hlidays can bring unbelievable discunts. The famus Black Friday sale ffers fantastic discunts. Keep a cnstant check n public hlidays and shpping websites fr discunts. On public hlidays, yu will receive their discunt ffers. 8 .
Create a shpping list. Create a shpping list first. A shpping list is a must befre buying things nline, which is ne f the best tips t shp and save. Shpping websites are ffering cuntless gds. Thusands f prducts are available. Yu can’t check them ver time and again, searching fr discunts under each prduct. 9 . Advance decisins save yu time, and custmers quickly earn discunts.
10 Many shpping websites let yu play games and earn rewards. Reward prgrams are nt just games but specific prcedures (過程) fr making reward pints. Cmplete nline surveys, game levels, feedback, ratings, watch vides and brwse catalgs t exchange gift cards r discunts. This prcess will nt take much time.
A．Chse reward prgrams
B．They can chse items nline
C．Buy sme items with yur friends
D．Create an item list yu’ll buy frm nline t avid such truble
E．Spring Festival is a gd time fr custmers t g shpping nline
F．Fr instance, Amazn ffers special deals n bks fr bk-lvers n Easter
G．Sme tp e-cmmerce websites ffer discunts when yu buy expensive items
【答案】6．B 7．G 8．F 9．D 10．A
【導語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物時選擇折扣商品的方法。
6．根據(jù)上文“Custmers are nt ften visiting physical shps nwadays. (如今，顧客不太光顧實體商店)”可知，本句與上文形成因果關(guān)系，且引出下文的網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物的話題，故B選項“他們可以在網(wǎng)上選擇商品”符合語境，故選B。
7．根據(jù)上文“Make high-value shpping.(進行高價值購物)”以及后文“Fr example, if yur rder is $5,000, yu will receive heavy discunts. It depends n the cmpany wisdm. They fllw a regulatin: The mre yu spend, the mre discunts yu can receive.(例如，如果您的訂單是5000美元，您將獲得大量折扣。這取決于公司的智慧。他們遵循一個規(guī)則：你花得越多，你得到的折扣就越多)”可知，本句呼應該段主題“進行高價值的購物”，G選項中“expensive items”與“high-value”構(gòu)成同義反復，故G選項“一些頂級電子商務網(wǎng)站在你購買昂貴物品時提供折扣”符合語境，故選G。
8．根據(jù)上文“Shp n public hlidays. Public hlidays can bring unbelievable discunts. The famus Black Friday sale ffers fantastic discunts. Keep a cnstant check n public hlidays and shpping websites fr discunts. On public hlidays, yu will receive their discunt ffers.(在公眾假期購物。公共假期可以帶來令人難以置信的折扣。著名的黑色星期五大減價，折扣很大。經(jīng)常查看公共假期和購物網(wǎng)站上的折扣信息。在公眾假期，你會收到他們的折扣優(yōu)惠)”可知，本句是對上文進行舉例說明，“特價”即指“折扣”，“復活節(jié)”是“公共假日”之一，故F選項“例如，亞馬遜在復活節(jié)為圖書愛好者提供圖書特價”符合語境，故選F。
9．根據(jù)上文“Thusands f prducts are available. Yu can’t check them ver time and again, searching fr discunts under each prduct.(成千上萬的產(chǎn)品可供選擇。你不能一次又一次地查看它們，在每個產(chǎn)品下搜索折扣)”可知，本句給出上文問題的解決方案：創(chuàng)建一份你打算從網(wǎng)上購買的物品清單，以避免此類麻煩，D選項中“such truble”即指“檢查與搜索折扣”，故D選項“創(chuàng)建一份你打算從網(wǎng)上購買的物品清單，以避免此類麻煩”符合語境，故選D。
10．根據(jù)后文“Many shpping websites let yu play games and earn rewards. Reward prgrams are nt just games but specific prcedures (過程) fr making reward pints. Cmplete nline surveys, game levels, feedback, ratings, watch vides and brwse catalgs t exchange gift cards r discunts. This prcess will nt take much time.(許多購物網(wǎng)站讓你玩游戲并獲得獎勵。獎勵計劃不僅僅是游戲，而是獲得獎勵積分的特定程序。完成在線調(diào)查，游戲水平，反饋，評級，觀看視頻和瀏覽目錄交換禮品卡或折扣。這個過程不會花太多時間)”可知，該句與上文每段的首句同為祈使句，且該段中出現(xiàn)了“獎勵項目”，構(gòu)成同詞再現(xiàn)，故A選項“選擇獎勵項目”符合語境，故選A。
High-hpe peple are ptimistic abut their future and they believe in pssibilities. They see challenges as pprtunities t grw and learn, rather than as bstacles (障礙). Here’s a tip sheet t get yu int the habit f hpe.
Gal-setting is as imprtant as the actin yu take tward achieving yur gals. 11 They knw that withut a clear gal, it’s easy t get distracted and lse fcus. Meanwhile, they dn’t let life happen t them. Instead, they actively make decisins and take actin t mve frward in their lives. They usually visualize their gals and create cnditins that set them up fr success.
Being arund psitive peple is ne way t keep an ptimistic mind. Hpeful peple tend t spend mre time assciating with thse wh share a bright attitude. 12 Peple high in hpe dn’t blck themselves frm flks wh have a mre pessimistic viewpint. They knw that seeing different perspectives allws them t be realistic.
Hpeful peple are always grateful fr what they have. 13 They recgnize that even thugh they may nt have everything they want, they’re still lucky t have s much gd in life, thus making them fcus mre n what’s in frnt f them.
14 When it cmes t high-hpe peple, n matter what life thrws at them, they try t see the silver lining. They dn’t let the circumstance define their emtinal respnse. In additin t having a psitive utlk, high-hpe peple are als creative prblem-slvers. When faced with a challenge, they dn’t give up easily. 15
A．Peple high in hpe d bth.
B．Keeping a psitive utlk is als imprtant.
C．Anther trick is sticking with psitive peple.
D．This allws them t stay psitive and take urgent actin.
E．That keeps them appreciative and grunded in the mment.
F．Instead, they find slutins that help them vercme the bstacles in their way.
G．Hwever, this desn’t mean they are intlerant f anther persn’s negativity r struggles.
【答案】11．A 12．G 13．E 14．B 15．F
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了養(yǎng)成心懷希望的習慣的幾點建議。
11．根據(jù)上文的“Gal-setting is as imprtant as the actin yu take tward achieving yur gals. (設(shè)定目標和你為實現(xiàn)目標所采取的行動一樣重要。)”和下文的“They knw that withut a clear gal, it’s easy t get distracted and lse fcus. (他們知道，沒有清晰的目標，就很容易分心和失去專注力。)”可知，作者建議要設(shè)定目標和為實現(xiàn)目標采取行動要兩不誤，A項“Peple high in hpe d bth.(心懷希望的人們這兩點都會做到)”，下文中They指代選項中Peple high in hpe，承上啟下，符合語境。故選 A項。
12．根據(jù)上文的“Hpeful peple tend t spend mre time assciating with thse wh share a bright attitude. (充滿希望的人往往會和態(tài)度積極的人交往更多。)”可知，G項“Hwever, this desn’t mean they are intlerant f anther persn’s negativity r struggles.(然而，這并不意味著充滿希望的人不包容他人的消極和掙扎。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文“Peple high in hpe dn’t blck themselves frm flks wh have a mre pessimistic viewpint.(滿懷希望的人不會阻擋自己接觸那些觀點更悲觀的人。)”講滿懷希望的人會與那些觀點更悲觀的人，包容消極和掙扎，符合語境。故選 G項。
13．根據(jù)空前的“Hpeful peple are always grateful fr what they have. (充滿希望的人會感激自己所擁有的一切。)”可知，E項“That keeps them appreciative and grunded in the mment. (那會使得他們心存感激并立足當下。)”可承接上文，且與本段的關(guān)鍵詞“感激”一致。故選E項。
14．根據(jù)空白處下文“When it cmes t high-hpe peple, n matter what life thrws at them, they try t see the silver lining. They dn’t let the circumstance define their emtinal respnse.(當談到滿懷希望的人時，無論生活給他們帶來什么，他們都會努力看到一線希望。他們不會讓環(huán)境決定他們的情緒反應)”可知，此處上下文說的是要保持積極的心態(tài)，與B項“Keeping a psitive utlk is als imprtant. (保持積極的心態(tài)也很重要。)”表達的含義一致，故選B項。
15．根據(jù)空前的“When faced with a challenge, they dn’t give up easily. (心懷希望的人們面對挑戰(zhàn)不會輕易放棄。)”可知，F(xiàn)項“Instead, they find slutins that help them vercme the bstacles in their way. (相反，他們會尋找能夠幫助他們克服前進道路上的障礙的解決方法。)”和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，講心懷希望的人們面對挑戰(zhàn)時，不輕言放棄，會努力想到解決方法，符合語境，故選 F項。
Sme peple lve travelling while sme prefer t stay at hme. If yu dn’t lve travelling, yu can make a change nw. Why? 16 Please read n t knw mre.
Travelling takes yu ut f yur cmfrt zne. Yur cmfrt zne is cmfrting. 17 When yu step int new surrundings, yu will learn abut the wrld arund yu. Travelling alne is a great ptin. Sme peple might fear being n their wn, but it can really help them grw.
18 Are yu afraid f water? If yu are, g t the beach r a lake. Are yu afraid f talking t strangers? If s, g t a new place and talk with peple yu have never seen. Remember, fear can be vercme.
Travelling is a gd way t expand yur mind. It gets yu ut f a rutine and makes yu use yur brain, yur ears and yur eyes. While travelling, there are a lt f things that have t be taken in: new sights, new flavurs, new nises, etc. 19
Have yu ever thught abut travelling abrad as a vlunteer? Yu can benefit a lt frm this kind f trip. 20 Smetimes, yu can even get all f yur meals and accmmdatin fr free. Vlunteer turism is becming mre and mre ppular. There are many ways t make a difference and benefit yu at the same time.
A．Because yu can really benefit a lt frm travelling.
B．All f them require yur cmplete attentin.
C．It is nt as expensive as yu might expect.
D．This kind f trip is really ppular with peple.
E．Travelling can help yu remve yur fears.
F．Yu are expsed t many new things.
G．But it desn’t always give yu the pprtunity t grw.
【答案】16．A 17．G 18．E 19．B 20．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了旅行的好處。
16．上文“If yu dn’t lve travelling, yu can make a change nw. Why?(如果你不喜歡旅行，現(xiàn)在就可以做出改變。為什么?)”提出問題：為什么要去旅行？A項“Because yu can really benefit a lt frm travelling.(因為你可以從旅行中獲益良多。)”給出答案，because專用于回答由why提出的問題。故選A項。
17．上文“Yur cmfrt zne is cmfrting.(你的舒適區(qū)是令人舒適的。)”提出呆在舒適區(qū)很安逸，G項“But it desn’t always give yu the pprtunity t grw.(但這并不總是給你成長的機會。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明我們不能呆在自己的舒適區(qū)的原因，與本段主題“Travelling takes yu ut f yur cmfrt zne.(旅行把你帶出你的舒適區(qū)。)”一致。故選G項。
18．設(shè)空句是段首小標題。根據(jù)下文“Are yu afraid f water? If yu are, g t the beach r a lake. Are yu afraid f talking t strangers? If s, g t a new place and talk with peple yu have never seen. Remember, fear can be vercme.(你怕水嗎?如果是的話，去海灘或湖邊。你害怕和陌生人說話嗎?如果是這樣，去一個新的地方，和你從未見過的人交談。記住，恐懼是可以克服的。)”可知，本段主要講通過旅行來克服恐懼。E項“Travelling can help yu remve yur fears.(旅行可以幫助你消除恐懼。)”是最佳小標題。故選E項。
19．上文“It gets yu ut f a rutine and makes yu use yur brain, yur ears and yur eyes. While travelling, there are a lt f things that have t be taken in: new sights, new flavurs, new nises, etc.(它能讓你擺脫常規(guī)，讓你動動腦子、動動耳朵和動動眼睛。在旅行的時候，有很多事情要接受：新的風景，新的味道，新的聲音，等等。)”提出旅行可以讓你多感覺官，全身心參與其中，B項“All f them require yur cmplete attentin.(所有這些都需要你全神貫注。)”總結(jié)上文，句中“All f them”與上文“new sights, new flavurs, new nises, etc.”相照應。故選B項。
20．根據(jù)上文“Have yu ever thught abut travelling abrad as a vlunteer? Yu can benefit a lt frm this kind f trip.(你想過出國做志愿者嗎?你可以從這種旅行中獲益良多。)”提出出國志愿者旅行有很多好處。C項“It is nt as expensive as yu might expect.(它不像你想象的那么貴。)”明確指出其好處之一：不貴。下文“Smetimes, yu can even get all f yur meals and accmmdatin fr free.(有時候，你甚至可以免費得到所有的食宿。)”進一步提出得到免費食宿的可能，上下文語意連貫。故選C項。
The fundatin f any happy relatinship is gd cmmunicatin. It deepens the bnd between partners by training understanding and trust. Hwever, develping this skill requires bth wrk and a readiness t be pen with ne anther. 21
Develp active listening. 22 Giving yur full attentin t yur partner and keeping eye cntact are examples f active listening. Avid asking questins r respnding befre they have cmpleted speaking. T create a secure envirnment fr real discussin, demnstrate empathy (共情) and understand their feelings.
23 Cmmunicatin is mre than just the wrds that yu speak. Gd cmmunicatin takes place in bdy language, facial expressins, and the tne f vice. When talking abut delicate subjects, be pen-minded and cnvey yur feelings with a respectful tne f vice.
Practice empathy and understanding. Empathy and understanding can g a lng way in creating gd cmmunicatin. 24 Empathy allws yu t cnnect n a deeper level and creates an atmsphere f each ther’s supprt. Engage with yur partner withut judgment and try t put yurself in their shes.
Schedule regular cnversatins. Make time fr regular cnversatins t talk abut yur relatinship’s status. 25 They are als a chance t recgnize each ther’s accmplishments as well as strengthen yur emtinal bnd.
Relatinship cmmunicatin can be imprved with wrk. Learning hw t speak with empathy can help yu build a slid fundatin f trust and understanding. Stay cmmitted t the jurney f pen cmmunicatin, and yu will find that yur bnd will grw strnger and deeper ver time.
A．Pay attentin t nn-verbal cmmunicatin.
B．Try t respect the ther in yur cmmunicatin.
C．In fact, a key part f gd cmmunicatin is listening.
D．These purpseful discussins ffer a chance t address yur issues.
E．While cmmunicating, make sure that yu understand every wrd the ther said.
F．Seek t understand yur partner’s viewpint and emtins, even when yu disagree.
G．Here are sme tips t help cmmunicate mre effectively and strengthen yur relatinship.
【答案】21．G 22．C 23．A 24．F 25．D
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講明了為了建立幸福關(guān)系，幫助有效溝通，提供了一些建議。
21．上文“The fundatin f any happy relatinship is gd cmmunicatin. It deepens the bnd between partners by training understanding and trust. Hwever, develping this skill requires bth wrk and a readiness t be pen with ne anther. (任何幸福關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)都是良好的溝通。它通過訓練理解和信任來加深伴侶之間的聯(lián)系。然而，發(fā)展這種技能既需要努力，也需要準備好彼此敞開心扉。)”說明幸福關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)是良好的溝通，而溝通需要技巧，選項G“這里有一些建議可以幫助你更有效地溝通，加強你們的關(guān)系?！背薪由衔?，點明本文主題：為了建立幸福關(guān)系，幫助有效溝通，提供一些建議，引出下列各段內(nèi)容。故選G項。
22．上文主題句“Develp active listening. (培養(yǎng)積極傾聽的能力。)”說明本段建議積極傾聽，選項C“事實上，良好溝通的一個關(guān)鍵部分是傾聽?！背薪由衔?，強調(diào)良好的溝通關(guān)鍵是傾聽。選項中l(wèi)istening和上文詞匯重疊，語義一致，故選C項。
23．下文“Cmmunicatin is mre than just the wrds that yu speak. Gd cmmunicatin takes place in bdy language, facial expressins, and the tne f vice. (交流不僅僅是你說的話。良好的溝通發(fā)生在肢體語言、面部表情和語調(diào)中。)”說明良好的溝通需要肢體語言等非語言的交流，選項A“注意非語言交流?！币I(lǐng)下文，點明本段主題。故選A項。
24．上文“Empathy and understanding can g a lng way in creating gd cmmunicatin. (同理心和理解對于建立良好的溝通大有幫助。)”及下文“Engage with yur partner withut judgment and try t put yurself in their shes. (與你的伴侶交流時不要妄加評判，試著設(shè)身處地地為他們著想。)”說明要有同理心并且理解對方，設(shè)身處地為他們著想，選項F“試著去理解你伴侶的觀點和情感，即使你不同意。”承上啟下，說明了即使不同意，也要理解對方的觀點和情感。語義一致，故選F項。
25．上文“Make time fr regular cnversatins t talk abut yur relatinship’s status. (抽時間定期交談，談談你們的關(guān)系狀況。)”建議要抽時間溝通關(guān)系狀況，選項D“這些有目的的討論提供了一個解決你的問題的機會?！背薪由衔?，說明這些溝通能提供解決問題的機會，下文“They are als a chance t recgnize each ther’s accmplishments as well as strengthen yur emtinal bnd. (這也是一個認識彼此成就的機會，同時也加強了你們的情感紐帶。)”提出這些溝通的另一個作用，與之并列。故選D項。
Many families are struggling t make ends meet, while pensiners are the biggest grup in Britain n the edge f pverty. 26 . Finding ways t put sme mney aside guarantees yu dn’t need t struggle t survive.
Take a lk at yur spending. 27 . T many peple keep paying their bills and spending mney withut knwing exactly where it is ging. Lk at yur bank statements and see hw much mney yu are spending each mnth n things such as electricity, fd, entertainment and debt repayments.
Find better deals. Nw that yu knw where yur mney is ging, yu can see if there are better deals available fr yu. Perhaps yu are currently paying t much n yur car r health insurance. 28 . Yu definitely need t check yur insurance deals, as well as yur energy deals. Chances are that yu’ll be able t save mney by switching t a new deal, especially if yu’ve never dne it befre.
29 . A number f mney-saving tips require yu t change yur habits. Seemingly inncuus things like washing yur dishes using a bwl, r using an energy-saving mde n the dishwasher, can save quite a lt during the year. Yu culd even save a lt f mney by turning dwn yur heating by just ne degree.
Keep an inventry (存貨清單). Whether yu are ging fr grcery shpping r lking fr new winter shes, knwing what yu already have will guarantee yu wn’t end up spending mney n things yu dn’t even need. Saving mney is easier when yu have an inventry f the things yu already wn. 30 .
A．Becme gd at saving energy
B．Knw abut the ways t get energy
C．It is time t take back the cntrl f yur finances
D．Here are sme great energy-saving tips fr saving mney
E．The first step is t understand where yur mney is ging
F．Or at least knw exactly what yu’ve gt and where everything is
G．Sme price cmparisn websites can ensure yu get the best deal pssible
【答案】26．C 27．E 28．G 29．A 30．F
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日常生活中節(jié)省開支的一些方法。
26．前文“Many families are struggling t make ends meet, while pensiners are the biggest grup in Britain n the edge f pverty. (許多家庭都在努力維持生計，而養(yǎng)老金領(lǐng)取者是英國最大的處于貧困邊緣的群體)”引出人們在財務上有困難的話題，后文“Finding ways t put sme mney aside guarantees yu dn’t need t struggle t survive. (想辦法存一些錢，保證你不需要為生存而掙扎)”建議存錢，因此C項“It is time t take back the cntrl f yur finances (是時候重新掌控你的財務了)”符合語境，提出重新掌控財務，起到過渡的作用，其中的finances與后文的mney呼應。故選C。
27．前文“Take a lk at yur spending. (看看你的開支)”建議關(guān)注開支，后文“T many peple keep paying their bills and spending mney withut knwing exactly where it is ging. (太多的人一直在付賬單，花錢卻不知道錢到底花到哪里去了)”指出人們不知道錢的去向的問題，因此E項“The first step is t understand where yur mney is ging (第一步是了解你的錢都花到哪里去了)”符合語境，提出關(guān)注錢的去向，承前啟后，其中的where yur mney is ging和后文的where it is ging呼應。故選E。
28．前文“Perhaps yu are currently paying t much n yur car r health insurance. (也許你現(xiàn)在在汽車或健康保險上花了太多錢)”指出可能有支付的價格偏高的問題，因此G項“Sme price cmparisn websites can ensure yu get the best deal pssible (一些價格比較網(wǎng)站可以確保你得到最好的交易)”符合語境，說明使用價格比較網(wǎng)站解決該問題，承接前文。故選G。
29．空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容。后文“A number f mney-saving tips require yu t change yur habits. Seemingly inncuus things like washing yur dishes using a bwl, r using an energy-saving mde n the dishwasher, can save quite a lt during the year. (一些省錢的技巧需要你改變你的習慣?？此撇魂P(guān)痛癢的事情，比如用一個碗來洗東西，或者在洗碗機上使用節(jié)能模式，可以在一年中節(jié)省很多錢)”介紹了通過改變使用能源的方式來省錢，因此A項“Becme gd at saving energy (善于節(jié)約能源)”符合語境，契合后文內(nèi)容，其中的energy與后文的energy-saving呼應。故選A。
30．前文“Whether yu are ging fr grcery shpping r lking fr new winter shes, knwing what yu already have will guarantee yu wn’t end up spending mney n things yu dn’t even need. Saving mney is easier when yu have an inventry f the things yu already wn. (無論你是去雜貨店購物還是尋找新的冬季鞋子，知道你已經(jīng)擁有的東西將保證你不會把錢花在你甚至不需要的東西上。當你有一個你已經(jīng)擁有的東西的清單時，省錢就更容易了)”建議通過列存貨清單來省錢，因此F項“Or at least knw exactly what yu’ve gt and where everything is (或者至少確切地知道你得到了什么，所有東西都在哪里)”符合語境，提出另一種替代存貨清單的方式，承接前文。故選F。
It’s never easy t say n, especially when we’re invited smewhere by smene clse t us. 31 Maybe it’s time t learn hw t tur dwn an invitatin withut hurting peple’s feelings.
Delay yur respnse. Avid respnding immediately t a request yu believe yu will turn dwn. A quick “N” will rb (剝奪) yu f time t cme up with a kind refusal. A simple “Let me check my calendar and get back t yu” will ften wrk. 32
Check yur calendar fr cnflicts. If yu are lucky, yu will have a scheduling cnflict. Yu can hnestly decline due t the cnflict. If the persn insists n inviting yu, they may ask yu fr a better time. 33 When yu see yur calendar is busy, take a little extra time in advance t think abut a kind refusal if they ask fr a better time.
34 If yu knw yu want t decline befre checking yur calendar, yu may have a reasn in mind. D yu dislike the task? Are yu planning t g t that event with smene else? Think abut reasns yu can give that fcus n aspects f the request, instead f the aspects f the persn requesting it.
Remember t respnd. 35 If yu d nt respnd, they may think yu feel they are nt imprtant. S d remember t reply t requests. Emphasize nn-persnal reasns fr declining.
A．Avid admitting yur schedule is pen.
B．Identify exactly why yu want t decline.
C．S be prepared t respnd with a mre direct refusal.
D．This gives yu time t create a respnse in yur head.
E．But yu ften find yurself saying yes and regretting it later n.
F．Keep these in mind if the ther party asks why yu are declining.
G．Frgetting abut a request may hurt peple r make yu an implite persn.
【答案】31．E 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．G
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種禮貌拒絕別人的方法。
31．上文“It’s never easy t say n, especially when we’re invited smewhere by smene clse t us.(說“不”從來都不是件容易的事，尤其是當我們被親近的人邀請去某地的時候。)”指出拒絕邀請不是一件容易的事情，E項“But yu ften find yurself saying yes and regretting it later n.(但你經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己答應了，后來又后悔了。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明不懂拒絕可能會讓自己后悔，引出下文“Maybe it’s time t learn hw t tur dwn an invitatin withut hurting peple’s feelings.(也許是時候?qū)W習如何在不傷害別人感情的情況下拒絕邀請了。)”講正確的拒絕方法，上下文銜接自然。故選E項。
32．上文“A simple “Let me check my calendar and get back t yu” will ften wrk. (一句簡單的“讓我看看我的日程安排，然后回復你”通常會起作用。)”給出推遲回復的具體建議，D項“This gives yu time t create a respnse in yur head.(這給了你時間在頭腦中做出反應。)”說明這樣做的好處，選項中“gives yu time”與上文“get back t yu”相照應。故選D項。
33．上文“If yu are lucky, yu will have a scheduling cnflict. Yu can hnestly decline due t the cnflict. If the persn insists n inviting yu, they may ask yu fr a better time.(如果幸運的話，你可能會遇到時間沖突。你可以誠實地因為沖突而拒絕。如果對方堅持邀請你，他們可能會要求你安排一個更好的時間。)”提出別人可能會堅持邀請并要求另外安排時間，對于這種情況，C項“S be prepared t respnd with a mre direct refusal.(所以準備好以更直接的拒絕回應。)”提出應對策略：更直接的拒絕，上下文語意連貫。故選C項。
34．設(shè)空句是段首小標題，根據(jù)下文“If yu knw yu want t decline befre checking yur calendar, yu may have a reasn in mind. D yu dislike the task? Are yu planning t g t that event with smene else? Think abut reasns yu can give that fcus n aspects f the request, instead f the aspects f the persn requesting it.(如果你在查看日歷之前就知道你想要拒絕，你可以找一個理由。你不喜歡這個任務嗎?你打算和別人一起去參加那個活動嗎?)”可知，本段建議明確拒絕的理由，B項“Identify exactly why yu want t decline.(明確你想要拒絕的原因。)”是最佳標題。故選B項。
35．小標題“Remember t respnd.(記得回復。)”提出不要忘記回復，G項“Frgetting abut a request may hurt peple r make yu an implite persn.(忘記一個請求可能會傷害別人，或者讓你成為一個不禮貌的人。)”解釋要記得回復的原因，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。
Sadness and regret ften g hand in hand, but we can’t let them hld us back. We must find peace and mve frward.
Ever since I was yung, it had been my greatest dream t attend Harvard, “the best” university in my eyes. I studied hard and maintained (保持) my gd grades s that ne day I culd get int Harvard. 36 After all, I had always passed exams with flying clrs.
Hwever, my whle wrld fell apart when I gt my rejectin (拒絕) letter frm Harvard. Everyne, including me, had gtten their hpes up s high that it was a lng way dwn.
I gave in t my disappintment. I culdn’t understand what went wrng. 37 I cried all day and night, letting my disappintment and sadness eat me away.
Each time I tried t regain (重獲) cntrl, the feeling f rejectin wuld cme back and hit me hard. I knew that I culdn’t cntinue like this. 38 Thugh it was hard, I started rebuilding myself little by little every day because it’s kay t lse and t fail.
It desn’t matter hw many times r hw hard yu fall. 39 .
Even if it was painful at first, I went t Yale and attended my classes with a heavy heart. Over time the wund healed (愈合) itself up. 40 I fell but gt back up. I didn’t let my disappintment silence me r cntrl my actins.
A．I regretted that I hadn’t studied hard.
B．Everyne has different ideas abut success.
C．It is hw quickly yu get back up that matters.
D．I knew that the news was hard t accept, but I had t face it.
E．Even if my future might be different frm what I expected, I cnsidered it a victry.
F．All my friends and families believed I wuld be able t get int my dream university.
G．Even greeting t Yale, which I cnsidered a “secnd best” university, culdn’t revive me.
【答案】36．F 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．E
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者被夢想的大學拒絕，一度一蹶不振，到最后接受結(jié)果和自己期望的不同，開始振作起來。
36．根據(jù)上文“Ever since I was yung, it had been my greatest dream t attend Harvard, “the best” university in my eyes. I studied hard and maintained (保持) my gd grades s that ne day I culd get int Harvard.(從年輕的時候起，進入哈佛大學一直是我最大的夢想，這是我眼中“最好”的大學。我努力學習，保持好成績，希望有一天能進入哈佛大學)”以及后文“After all, I had always passed exams with flying clrs.(畢竟，我總是以優(yōu)異的成績通過考試)”可知，后文提到了作者的成績優(yōu)異，說明大家都相信作者可以進入夢想的大學。故F選項“我所有的朋友和家人都相信我能夠進入我夢想中的大學”符合語境，故選F。
37．根據(jù)上文“I gave in t my disappintment. I culdn’t understand what went wrng.(我屈服于失望。我不明白哪里出了問題)”以及后文“I cried all day and night, letting my disappintment and sadness eat me away.(我哭了一整天，讓我的失望和悲傷吞噬了我)”可知，前后文都提到了作者很失望，說明作者后悔自己沒有努力學習，故A選項“我后悔我沒有努力學習”符合語境，故選A。
38．根據(jù)上文“Each time I tried t regain (重獲) cntrl, the feeling f rejectin wuld cme back and hit me hard. I knew that I culdn’t cntinue like this.(每次我試圖重新控制自己的時候，那種被拒絕的感覺就會卷土重來，狠狠地打擊我。我知道我不能再這樣下去了)”以及后文“Thugh it was hard, I started rebuilding myself little by little every day because it’s kay t lse and t fail.(雖然很難，但我開始每天一點一點地重建自己，因為失敗是可以接受的)”可知，上文提到了作者知道自己不能再這樣下去了，說明開始接受現(xiàn)實。故D選項“我知道這個消息很難接受，但我必須面對它”符合語境，故選D。
39．根據(jù)上文“It desn’t matter hw many times r hw hard yu fall.(不管你摔了多少次，摔得多重)”可知，上文提到了摔倒不重要，故本句說明重要的是多快站起來。故C選項“重要的是你能多快站起來”符合語境，故選C。
40．根據(jù)上文“Even if it was painful at first, I went t Yale and attended my classes with a heavy heart. Over time the wund healed (愈合) itself up.(雖然一開始很痛苦，但我還是帶著沉重的心情去了耶魯。久而久之，傷口自愈了)”以及后文“I fell but gt back up. I didn’t let my disappintment silence me r cntrl my actins.(我跌倒了，但又站了起來。我沒有讓失望讓我沉默，也沒有讓失望控制我的行動)”可知，上文提到作者的傷口愈合了，說明作者接受了和自己期望不符的結(jié)果，故E選項“即使我的未來可能與我所期望的不同，我也認為這是一種勝利”符合語境，故選E。
Nwadays parents and their children are spending less and less time cmmunicating with each ther. As a result, many children are getting less lve than their parents nce gt. 41 . T keep yur family time creative and enjyable, belw is a list f helpful family time tips.
Eat tgether and listen t each ther
42 . Yet the cmmunicatin and unity built during this time is necessary t a healthy family life. Sharing a meal tgether allws parents and their children the pprtunity t talk abut each ther’s lives. This is als a time fr parents t listen and give advice t their children.
Read ften
It’s imprtant fr parents t read t their children. The latest research shws that reading t yur children develps an interest in knwledge and cntributes t language develpment. 43 . Lk fr bks that yur children wuld enjy reading. After reading, ask questins abut what the bks are abut.
44
Chse a fun activity that yur children are interested in. Activities like cking, fishing r biking can be their great hbbies. They can pen the dr t exciting family time. Once a child learns a new skill. let him r her take the lead under yur directin.
Plan a family uting
Smetimes getting ut f the huse is imprtant. Jump int the family car and g fr a drive. Prepare a picnic lunch and visit a lcal park. 45 . A slw and relaxing walk in the wds will help parents cmmunicate with their children better. Als, a visit t the z r museum will inspire enthusiasm in a child and lead t lng discussins.
A．Start a hbby r prject
B．Think f a way ut tgether
C．Take time t play r ride a bike
D．Fllwing a family rule is necessary
E．Mst children tday dn’t knw the meaning f a family dinnertime
F．It als increases their cncentratin n things and helps them becme mre curius
G．American parents tday spend abut 40 percent less time with their children than parents did a generatin ag
【答案】41．G 42．E 43．F 44．A 45．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助父母增加與孩子們交流時間的建議。
41．根據(jù)上文“Nwadays parents and their children are spending less and less time cmmunicating with each ther. As a result, many children are getting less lve than their parents nce gt.(現(xiàn)在父母和他們的孩子花在彼此交流上的時間越來越少。因此，許多孩子得到的愛比他們的父母曾經(jīng)得到的要少)”可知，現(xiàn)在父母和孩子們交流的時間比以前減少了。由此可知，G. American parents tday spend abut 40 percent less time with their children than parents did a generatin ag(今天的美國父母花在孩子身上的時間比上一代少了40%)能夠銜接上文，符合語境。故選G。
42．根據(jù)本段小標題“Eat tgether and listen t each ther(一起吃飯，互相傾聽)”可知，本段在講述家庭聚餐的話題。由此可知，E. Mst children tday dn’t knw the meaning f a family dinnertime(現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)孩子都不知道家庭聚餐的意義)能與下文“Yet the cmmunicatin and unity built during this time is necessary t a healthy family life. (然而，在此期間建立的溝通和團結(jié)對于健康的家庭生活是必要的)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選E。
43．根據(jù)上文“It’s imprtant fr parents t read t their children. The latest research shws that reading t yur children develps an interest in knwledge and cntributes t language develpment.(父母給孩子讀書是很重要的。最新的研究表明，給孩子讀書可以培養(yǎng)他們對知識的興趣，有助于語言的發(fā)展)”可知，此處在講述給孩子讀書的好處。由此可知，F(xiàn). It als increases their cncentratin n things and helps them becme mre curius(這也增加了他們對事物的注意力，幫助他們變得更好奇)也是給孩子讀書的好處，屬于上文語義的延續(xù)，符合語境。故選F。
44．根據(jù)下文“Chse a fun activity that yur children are interested in. Activities like cking, fishing r biking can be their great hbbies. They can pen the dr t exciting family time. Once a child learns a new skill. let him r her take the lead under yur directin. (選擇一個孩子感興趣的有趣的活動。像烹飪、釣魚或騎自行車這樣的活動可能是他們的愛好)”可知，此處在建議開展一個愛好或活動。由此可知，A. Start a hbby r prject(開始一個愛好或項目)適合作本段小標題，符合語境。故選A。
45．根據(jù)本段小標題“Plan a family uting(計劃一次家庭出游)”可知，本段在講述建議家庭出游的話題。根據(jù)上文“Jump int the family car and g fr a drive. Prepare a picnic lunch and visit a lcal park.(跳上家里的車去兜風。準備一頓野餐午餐，參觀當?shù)氐墓珗@)”可知，此處正在列舉可以做的一些活動。由此可知，C. Take time t play r ride a bike(花點時間玩或騎自行車)也屬于具體的一些戶外活動，且句式與上文相符，符合語境。故選C
The hippcampus (海馬體) functin is the part f the brain which stres memry. Think f it like a human’s inner hard drive. 46
Learn Smething New
Due t the way the hippcampus wrks, when yu learn smething new, yu build new neural (神經(jīng)元的) pathways and strengthen the nes that already exist. 47
Researchers fund that when yu engage in lng-term learning, new neural activity patterns were bserved. This established a clear relatinship between patterns and new behaviral abilities.
Exercise
Yu can generate new hippcampi neurns by exercising. A famus neurnal study cmpared the brains f tw different grups f mice. 48 The mice with the wheel prduced an abundance f new neurns in their hippcampus. The grup withut access prduced far less.
Mst exercises will help the brain and hippcampus functin in sme way. If yu’re searching fr an exercise which is particularly brain-effective, then fitness center is a great place t start. 49 Yu can d anything frm walking, running, cycling, swimming, bxing, rwing and even dancing!
Eat Dark Chclate
Dark chclate releases dpamine (多巴胺), which is great fr fast learning and memry. Indeed, studies have shwn that eating chclate can increase cerebral bld flw and prmte synaptgenesis (突觸發(fā)生). This is the frmatin f synapses (突觸) between ur neurns. They accumulate in the hippcampus, which is the part f the brain assciated with memry.
50 Dark chclate als releases antixidants (抗氧化劑). This means that yu n lnger have t feel guilty abut tucking int that bx f chclate!
A．Think f it like building blcks!
B．But the benefits dn’t stp there.
C．Dark chclate has several benefits.
D．Lucky fr yu, there’s a bunch f different exercises ut there.
E．And just like actual hard drives, we can bst its perfrmance.
F．The first grup had access t a running wheel, the secnd did nt.
G．There are many things yu can d t help imprve yur memry.
【答案】46．E 47．A 48．F 49．D 50．B
【導語】本文是說明文。本文介紹了什么是海馬體，以及提高記憶力的方法。
46．根據(jù)前文“The hippcampus (海馬體) functin is the part f the brain which stres memry. Think f it like a human’s inner hard drive.(海馬體是大腦中儲存記憶的部分。把它想象成人類的內(nèi)部硬盤)”可知，E項“And just like actual hard drives, we can bst its perfrmance.(就像真正的硬盤一樣，我們可以提高它的性能)”能承接前文，并引出下文，其中hard drives為同詞復現(xiàn)。故選E項。
47．分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Due t the way the hippcampus wrks, when yu learn smething new, yu build new neural (神經(jīng)元的) pathways and strengthen the nes that already exist.(由于海馬體的工作方式，當你學習新東西時，你會建立新的神經(jīng)通路，并加強已經(jīng)存在的神經(jīng)通路)”可知，A項“Think f it like building blcks!(把它想象成積木!)”是前文的生動比喻，起到總結(jié)作用。故選A項。
48．根據(jù)前文“Yu can generate new hippcampi neurns by exercising. A famus neurnal study cmpared the brains f tw different grups f mice.(你可以通過鍛煉產(chǎn)生新的海馬體神經(jīng)元。一項著名的神經(jīng)元研究比較了兩組不同老鼠的大腦)”以及后文“The mice with the wheel prduced an abundance f new neurns in their hippcampus. The grup withut access prduced far less.(有錯綜復雜的機構(gòu)的老鼠在海馬體中產(chǎn)生了大量的新神經(jīng)元。沒有錯綜復雜的機構(gòu)的一組產(chǎn)出的要少得多)”可知，空處應是過渡句，由前文的實驗過渡到結(jié)果，所以F項“The first grup had access t a running wheel, the secnd did nt.”（第一組有錯綜復雜的機構(gòu)，第二組沒有）符合文意，是對實驗的進一步說明，得到下文的結(jié)果。故選F項。
49．根據(jù)前文“Mst exercises will help the brain and hippcampus functin in sme way. If yu’re searching fr an exercise which is particularly brain-effective, then fitness center is a great place t start.(大多數(shù)鍛煉都會以某種方式幫助大腦和海馬體發(fā)揮作用。如果你正在尋找一種對大腦特別有效的運動，那么健身中心就是一個很好的開始)”以及后文“Yu can d anything frm walking, running, cycling, swimming, bxing, rwing and even dancing!(你可以做任何事情，從散步，跑步，騎自行車，游泳，拳擊，劃船，甚至跳舞!)”可知，空處應是過渡句，由鍛煉對海馬體的好處，過渡到具體的鍛煉運動，所以D項“Lucky fr yu, there’s a bunch f different exercises ut there.(你很幸運，有很多不同的鍛煉)”符合文意，引出下文，其中exercises為同詞復現(xiàn)。故選D項。
50．根據(jù)前文“Dark chclate releases dpamine (多巴胺), which is great fr fast learning and memry. Indeed, studies have shwn that eating chclate can increase cerebral bld flw and prmte synaptgenesis (突觸發(fā)生). This is the frmatin f synapses (突觸) between ur neurns. They accumulate in the hippcampus, which is the part f the brain assciated with memry.(黑巧克力會釋放多巴胺，有助于快速學習和記憶。事實上，研究表明，吃巧克力可以增加腦血流量，促進突觸形成。這是我們神經(jīng)元之間突觸的形成。它們積聚在海馬體中，海馬體是大腦中與記憶有關(guān)的部分)”可知，是在講述黑巧克力對海馬體的好處，再根據(jù)后文“Dark chclate als releases antixidants (抗氧化劑)(黑巧克力也會釋放抗氧化劑).”可知，是在講述黑巧克力的另一個好處，所以B項“But the benefits dn’t stp there.(但好處還不止于此)”符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選B項。
挖空位置
邏輯關(guān)系
具體解讀
段首題
主旨句
常以段落小標題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)。
承上啟下句
此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。
段中題
例證關(guān)系
前后的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點)和推理(從觀點到例子)。常見的表示例證關(guān)系的標志詞語有：fr example, fr instance, in fact/as a matter f fact, actually, in ther wrds/that is t say等。
轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)， 則空格處很有可能表示轉(zhuǎn)折。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標志詞語有： but, hwever, yet, while/thugh/althugh, r/therwise, n the cntrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in cntrast/cmparisn, by cmparisn等。
因果關(guān)系
表示因果關(guān)系的標志詞語有：s, therefre, thus, cnsequently(結(jié)果), as a result (f), s/such ..., s that ...等。
遞進關(guān)系
若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的層進關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個表示遞進的句子。表示遞進關(guān)系的標志詞語有：t, als, besides, further, furthermre, mrever, likewise, similarly, what's mre, what's wrse, in additin, as well, t make matters wrse, nt ... but ..., nt nly ... but als等。
并列關(guān)系
表示并列關(guān)系的標志詞語有：and, first(ly), secnd(ly); first, then/next; t begin with, sme ... thers ...; fr ne thing, fr anther thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾題
總結(jié)句
用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語。
承上啟下句
此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。