外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復(fù)習課時練習30 ：選擇性必修2 Unit 6　Survival （含解析）

這是一份外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復(fù)習課時練習30 ：選擇性必修2 Unit 6　Survival （含解析），共10頁。試卷主要包含了 prly　考查副詞， belief　考查名詞， nting　考查非謂語動詞， the　考查冠詞等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
www.ks5u.com課時質(zhì)量評價(三十)選擇性必修第二冊　Unit 6　SurvivalA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ. 語法填空AThe polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence 1. ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2. ________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000－25，000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 3. ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4. ________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5. ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6. ________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7. ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (錯覺) that populations are 8. ________ (high) than they actually are. Of 9. ________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10. ________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由于生存環(huán)境惡化，北極熊數(shù)量減少的狀況。1. that　考查名詞性從句。本句含有一個同位語從句，解釋了名詞evidence“證據(jù)”的具體內(nèi)容，空處在從句中不充當成分，也無意義，故填that。2. poorly　考查副詞。應(yīng)用副詞poorly修飾動詞studied。3. of/for　考查介詞。名詞method后接介詞of/for，表示“……的方法”。4. to perform　考查非謂語動詞。本句含有“Sth.＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，主語通常是不定式動作的承受者，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。5. have reported　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語In recent years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語some Inuit people為復(fù)數(shù)意義，故填have reported。6. belief　考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的a可知，leading to后接的是名詞作賓語，故填belief。7. noting　考查非謂語動詞。在介詞by后，應(yīng)用v.-ing形式作賓語，故填noting。8. higher　考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)空后的連詞than可知，本句表示比較意義，故填higher。9. the　考查冠詞。此處表特指，故填定冠詞the。10. are　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，此處陳述客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；且six表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。BWith seasonal temperatures breaking records almost every year, tree species 1. ________ (expect) to adapt to the changes by slowly shifting their population centres northward. But 2. ________ recent survey shows the trend towards westward movement is even 3. ________ (strong) than expected — in some cases, species have shifted their ranges to west by as much as 73 percent.The survey shows that roughly three-quarters of the 86 tree species 4. ________ (survey) have shifted their population centres westward 5. ________ 1980.Obviously, trees aren't uprooting 6. ________ (them) and moving elsewhere. The survey provides insight into general population trends as young trees continue to take root in westward land, while some of the older 7. ________ (plant) of the species in the eastern areas are slowly dying out. In this way, the centre of a species' range can gradually shift over time.Though scientists aren't sure 8. ________ is causing this change, the publishers of the study think that it's connected to rainfall. Rainfall totals across the United States have changed, 9. ________ (cause) areas such as the Southeast to experience significantly less rain annually, while the Great Plains is getting far more than its historical average. For this reason, most trees are moving towards the 10. ________ (increasing) watery plains.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普文。文章主要講述由于季節(jié)性氣溫的變化，樹種也在向北轉(zhuǎn)移來適應(yīng)這些變化。調(diào)查顯示大約有3/4的樹種向西遷移，移到西部的小樹繼續(xù)生根而東部的古老植物卻在慢慢地滅絕。盡管科學家們不確定是什么導致了這一變化，但已出版的研究認為它與降雨有關(guān)。1. are expected　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子“tree species 1. ________ (expect) to adapt to the changes”可知，本句中的expect的賓語是tree species，故本句要用被動語態(tài)，又根據(jù)上下文語境可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are expected。2. a　考查冠詞。分析句子可知，本空指的數(shù)量，“一”用a，故填a。3. stronger　考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)“is even 3. ________ (strong) than expected”可知，本空是作系動詞is 的表語。根據(jù)than可知，要用比較級。故填stronger。4. surveyed　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，本句中的tree species是被調(diào)查，所以要用過去分詞surveyed作后置定語。故填surveyed。5. since　考查連詞。本句中用了現(xiàn)在完成時，應(yīng)用since引導時間狀語從句。故填since。6. themselves　考查反身代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，樹木不能把它們自己(themselves)拔出來，故填themselves。7. plants　考查名詞。根據(jù)“some of the older...”可知，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填plants。8. what　考查名詞性從句。分析句子“Though scientists aren't sure 8. ________ is causing this change”可知，本句中缺少賓語，sure后的從句中缺少主語。故填what。9. causing　考查非謂語動詞。前面的降雨量的變化，自然而然地導致了東南部等地區(qū)降水量的減少，是可以推斷出的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語，故填causing。10. increasingly　考查副詞。分析“most trees are moving towards the 10. ________ (increasing) watery plains”可知，本句中的increasing作狀語，修飾形容詞watery，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填increasingly。Ⅱ. 根據(jù)提示補全句子1. 通過建立微信，無論在哪里我們都能便利地分享我們的經(jīng)歷。(wherever)By setting up WeChat, we can conveniently share our experiences wherever we are．2. 毫無疑問，我們會選出最優(yōu)秀的運動員來參加即將到來的奧運會。(doubt)There is no doubt that we will select the best players to take part in the coming Olympic Games.3. 我對此感到很遺憾，開始想著做些什么來幫助(他們)。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.4. 如果你能替我安排這事，我將非常感激。(appreciate)I would much appreciate it if you would arrange for me.B組·能力提升Ⅰ. 閱讀理解Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鱗片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organisation Pangolin, Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal's habitats.Over two years, the documentary crew travelled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen said that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, “One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures (繳獲) of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69，000 pangolins.Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitats, the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time.1. What is the purpose of the documentary?A. To study the situation of pangolins.B. To collect fund to protect pangolins.C. To raise awareness of pangolin protection.D. To propose setting up pangolin reserves.2. What is the meaning of the underlined word“fussy” in Paragraph 2?A. Picky.  B. Messy.  C. Showy.  D. Heavy.3. What's the documentary mainly about?A. The illegal trade of pangolins.B. The medical function of pangolin's scales.C. The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.D. The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.4. Where is the text most likely from?A. A brochure.  B. A diary.  C. A novel.  D. A magazine.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。穿山甲是世界上被販運最頻繁的哺乳動物，并且正面臨滅絕。一部新的野生動物紀錄片《穿山甲之眼》正在嘗試以一種獨特的方式來呼吁人們采取行動保護它們。1. C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures”可知，該紀錄片的目的是呼吁全世界的觀看者采取行動，制止販運從而保護這些獨特的生物。因此，該紀錄片的目的是提高對穿山甲保護的意識。故選C。2. A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”可知，穿山甲實際上對食物很挑剔。所以畫線詞fussy意為“挑剔的”。故選A。3. C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitats”可知，紀錄片的主要內(nèi)容是穿山甲在自然棲息地的生活。故選C。4. D　文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals... is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.”可知，文章最有可能來自一本動物保護方面的雜志。故選D。Ⅱ. 閱讀七選五(2021·遼寧省實驗中學模擬)Friends should always be honest with you, right? So when they lie, it can be really hard to take. You want to trust your friends and that means knowing that they'll tell it to you straight no matter what it is.   1   Why does this happen?  2  One of the biggest reasons friends lie is simply to avoid hurting your feelings. Some people don't understand the difference between being gently honest with a friend and being so straightforward that they leave a verbal wound. They choose to avoid these two extremes in the form of a lie.They feel embarrassed.Sometimes friends will lie about things in their life because they are too embarrassed to admit the truth. Maybe they are going through a rough time and they just don't want you to know about it. Avoid trying to badger (糾纏) your friends into telling you what's wrong.   3  Avoid an argument with you.Perhaps your friends know that if they tell you the truth, you'll get angry with them. Make sure that if a friend tells you something unpleasant, you don't overact.   4   If you do end up arguing, do it in a respectable way.Exclude you.Lying isn't always a sign that friends are trying to protect you, however.   5  When you find out with certainty that your friend is lying to you, try and face it. If you feel your friend is lying because he or she doesn't want to be around you, that's your wake-up to move on.A. Protect your feelings.B. They want to be your closer friends.C. But a friend who lies isn't always trying to hurt you.D. Consider what's being said and why your friend is telling you this.E. Being honest and making a sincere effort can keep the friendship strong.F. Sometimes they lie because they don't want you to be included in their plans.G. Instead, make it clear that you are there for them when and if they are ready to talk.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了朋友對你說謊的四種原因并給出了對應(yīng)的處理辦法。1. C　根據(jù)下文中的“Why does this happen？”，再結(jié)合下文分析了朋友對你撒謊的原因是為了避免傷害你的感情可知，說謊的朋友并不總是試圖傷害你。故C選項符合上下文語境，故選C。2. A　根據(jù)本段第一句“One of the biggest reasons friends lie is simply to avoid hurting your feelings.”可知，本段說明了朋友撒謊是為了保護你的感受。故A選項符合上下文語境，故選A。3. G　根據(jù)上文中的“Avoid trying to badger (糾纏) your friends into telling you what's wrong.”可知，朋友對你撒謊可能是因為他們自己正在經(jīng)歷艱難的時期，因此最好的做法是不要糾纏你的朋友，而是在他們準備好跟你談心的時候，清楚地告訴他們你在他們身邊陪伴他們。故G選項符合上下文語境，故選G。4. D　根據(jù)上文中的“Perhaps your friends know that if they tell you the truth, you'll get angry with them. Make sure that if a friend tells you something unpleasant, you don't overact.”可知，朋友對你撒謊可能是因為如果告訴你真相，你會生氣，所以在朋友告訴你令你不開心的事情的時候，你應(yīng)該冷靜想想他們說了什么，以及為什么要跟你說這些。故D選項符合上下文語境，故選D。5. F　根據(jù)上文中的“Lying isn't always a sign that friends are trying to protect you, however.”以及最后一句“If you feel your friend is lying because he or she doesn't want to be around you, that's your wake-up to move on.”可知，有時候朋友們對你撒謊僅僅是因為他們不想跟你在一起，不想讓你加入他們的計劃。故F選項符合上下文語境，故選F。Ⅲ. 應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華，你每周日上午都會去交換生Alice那里教她制作中式早餐。本周日的安排因你爺爺生日而改到下午。請你給她寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1. 本周學習時間變更及原因；2. 本周學習內(nèi)容：制作包子(steamed stuffed bun)；3. 課前準備：面粉、豬肉及蔬菜。注意：1. 詞數(shù)80左右；2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Dear Alice，I am writing to inform you of my plan for the next lesson. I have to change the time for the next lesson from morning to afternoon because this Sunday will be my grandfather's birthday, and all my families will get together in the morning to celebrate his 70th birthday.The content of the next lesson is to learn making steamed stuffed buns. To prepare for the lesson, I suggest you buy some flour, pork and vegetables ahead of time. Contact me if you have any problem.Yours，Li HuaⅣ. 讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。In 1989, fresh out of high school, I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited options: becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn't interested in engineering, so that I was left with medicine or business. I couldn't decide.My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision. It seemed like a brilliant idea.I was accepted for a month's placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings.The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience couldn't have been more different. The hospital had an intense environment. The days started early (at 7 am, compared to 9 am at the bank), and were filled with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again the next day.I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere, better working hours and less stress. The hospital was full of excitement and unpredictability, but the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that the business option was going to win out.Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after an especially busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, with college students sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右。Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus. He hit the road face down and rolled over. He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus sped away. None of the cars behind the bus stopped. In fact, I felt the same urge to keep going, but the urge to stop and help was stronger. Knowing that he could die in a matter of minutes, I stopped my car and carefully examined the body. With the help of some passers-by, I lifted his unconscious body into the car and raced back to the hospital. After his family was contacted, and he was wheeled into emergency surgery, I drove home, exhausted.The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. The mother held my hands to her face and started weeping. “Son, you are an angel！” she repeated. What a feeling this was, to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement, the most thrilling mood I had ever experienced. Driving home that evening, I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life. Two months of placements could not match what 30 minutes helping an accident victim had done for me. We spend a lot of our time wondering what path to take in our lives. This experience taught me that at times, these decisions are made for you — and that whatever happens is always for the best.