外研版（2019）高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練習(xí)23 ：選擇性必修1 Unit 5　Revealing nature （含解析）

這是一份外研版（2019）高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練習(xí)23 ：選擇性必修1 Unit 5　Revealing nature （含解析），共9頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了 hping　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞， where　考查定語(yǔ)從句， mainly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換， t　考查介詞， t run　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞， a　考查固定搭配等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
www.ks5u.com課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(二十三)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)　Unit 5　Revealing natureA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ. 語(yǔ)法填空A(2020·湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)適應(yīng)性考試)Chickens are excellent natural enemies of locusts (蝗蟲). On average, one chicken can catch over 600 locusts a day and can cover 0.6 acre of grassland.1. ________ (official) in China's Xinjiang have handed out over 2，200 chickens to local farmers, 2. ________ (hope) to control locusts. There has been a decline in the locust population in several counties 3. ________ the measure has been adopted.A report predicted 4. ________ (high) than normal incidents of locusts for the northern part of China, 5. ________ (main) owing to warmer winter temperatures. Nearly 10，000 acres in Wushi county have already been destroyed by locusts.Previous efforts to kill locusts in Xinjiang included pesticides (殺蟲劑) that, while effective, also 6. ________ (end) up killing off beneficial insects and harming the ecosystem. Alternatively, only 100 chickens last year in Wushi county were able to effectively limit damage 7. ________ more than 1，300 acres.This isn't the first time China 8. ________ (use) birds against locusts. A story from The Telegraph described how officials trained 700，000 chickens and ducks 9. ________ (run) after and consume locusts at the sound of a whistle. The campaign, which included nearly 280，000 people, was a response to the country's worst locust outbreak in 10. ________ quarter century.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】中國(guó)新疆的牧場(chǎng)面臨蝗蟲災(zāi)害，當(dāng)?shù)卣扇×松鷳B(tài)措施，利用雞、鴨捕殺蝗蟲，最終取得了良好的效果。1. Officials　考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。official為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)下文中的“have handed out”可知，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填Officials。2. hoping　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語(yǔ)have handed out，此處與謂語(yǔ)之間無(wú)連詞連接，由此判斷此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，hope與主語(yǔ)Officials之間是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填hoping。3. where　考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為counties，指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。4. higher　考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)空后的“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。5. mainly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾介詞短語(yǔ)owing to，應(yīng)該用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，mainly意為“主要地”。6. ended　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，此處作從句謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞included可以判斷，從句應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。故填ended。7. to　考查介詞。limit... to...為固定搭配，意為“把……限定在……”，故填to。8. has used　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。This is/was (not) the first time (that)．.. 為固定句型，意為“這(不)是第一次……”，當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)是is時(shí)，that從句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填has used。9. to run　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填to run。10. a　考查固定搭配。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處應(yīng)表示“近25年里”。a quarter意為“四分之一”，為固定搭配，故填a。BYou've heard of getting lost in a book. Now, get ready to get lost in a “river” of books Zhongshuge, a bookstore in Yangzhou, China. When 1. ________(walk) into Zhongshuge, you're surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. An 2. ________(architecture) studio called X＋Living designed Zhongshuge. The shelves 3. ________(arrange) in curved shapes to create the tunnel-like appearance.The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and creating the feel 4. ________ the bookshelves continue down past the floor you're standing 5. ________. As it turns out, the store's design has more 6. ________(significant) than just a fun feel. Yangzhou is full of canals and rivers. X＋Living, therefore, 7. ________(combine) this concept with Zhongshuge 8. ________(perfect), and tried to create a “river” of books. As if all that weren't enough, Zhongshuge has9. ________amazing space for children's books as well. The bookshelves are shaped like houses, clouds, and even a hot air balloon 10. ________(offer) them a paradise.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)揚(yáng)州的一家書店——鐘書閣，及店內(nèi)的設(shè)計(jì)布置等情況。1. walking　考查省略句。在when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。本句的完整形式為“When(you are) walking into Zhongshuge”。故填walking。2. architectural　考查形容詞。修飾名詞studio應(yīng)用形容詞architectural，表示“建筑學(xué)的”。故填architectural。3. are arranged　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為shelves，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are arranged。4. that　考查同位語(yǔ)從句。此處為同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明前面的the feel，且從句中不缺少成分，故填that。5. on　考查固定搭配。stand on為固定搭配，表示“站在”。故填on。6. significance　考查名詞。此處作動(dòng)詞has的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞significance“意義，重要性”。故填significance。7. combined　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。combine在句中作謂語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)后文中的并列謂語(yǔ)“and tried”可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填combined。8. perfectly　考查副詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞combined，應(yīng)用副詞perfectly，表示“完美地”。故填perfectly。9. an　考查冠詞。space此處表示“間隔”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且amazing為元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。10. to offer　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，offer在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)用不定式。故填to offer。Ⅱ. 根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1. 我如此忙以至于我不能幫忙照顧孩子。(so... that...)I'm so busy that I can't help to look after the child.2. 從他的表情看，我懷疑他是個(gè)小偷。(suspect)Judging from his expression, I suspected him to be/as a thief.3. 她回到家時(shí)，有一大堆信件等著她。(現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ))When she got home, there was a pile of mails waiting for her．4. 據(jù)說(shuō)到目前為止湯姆已經(jīng)記住了2 000個(gè)漢字。(be said to do...)Tom is said to have learned by heart 2，000 Chinese characters up to now.B組·能力提升Ⅰ. 閱讀理解Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超聲的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem it cut.Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推斷)．On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to recognise between the plants' sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound's intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”， the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation，” says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.She warns that the results can't yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains based on guesses for now, she says.1. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that ________．A. tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurtB. plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far awayC. humans can hear water-hungry plants cryingD. moths like laying eggs on stressed plant2. What is Anne Visscher's attitude towards the finding of the experiment?A. Disappointed.  B. Cautious.  C. Appreciative.  D. Optimistic.3. Taking advantage of the new research finding, farmers can ________．A. harvest crops in time  B. reduce greenhouse effectsC. diagnose plant condition faster  D. detect and remove insects easily4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like UsB. Sounds of Plants Detected Far AwayC. Cries of Plants Break Farmers' HeartsD. Plants Scream in the Presence of Stress【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，植物在受到缺水或者被砍斷的壓力時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)出尖叫聲。這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)開創(chuàng)了精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域。1. A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15.”可知，研究人員的實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示番茄植株受到傷害時(shí)比煙草植株更容易發(fā)出尖叫聲。故選A。2. B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段中的“the results can't yet be broadened... so that idea remains based on guesses...”可知，Anne Visscher對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選B。3. C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，這一新的發(fā)現(xiàn)讓農(nóng)民能夠聽到缺水植物的聲音，農(nóng)民就可以快速判斷植物當(dāng)前處于缺水的狀況。故選C。4. D　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段提到“they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超聲的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.”下文是說(shuō)明這一研究的具體過程。植物在受到缺水或者被砍斷的壓力時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)出聲音。因此文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“植物在壓力下會(huì)發(fā)出尖叫聲”。故選D。Ⅱ. 完形填空There he was, turning the corner of Hawley and Main Street like clockwork. His red hair seemed to catch the sunlight, giving his head a soft candle — flame glow. He caught my eye, and up went his arm in his usual wave. As usual, I   1   back and gave him a warm smile. I didn't know his name, but he was very   2   to everybody. No matter the weather, I saw him walking out there almost every day.Having moved from a larger city, I wasn't used to waves from   3  . Actually, wherever we were, people hardly   4   each other. We simply passed by each other, heads down, minding our own   5  ．Perhaps that's why I enjoyed these daily waves. It felt great to be   6   and receive that message of “Hello！”. On days when we didn't   7   to pass each other, I missed him and wondered if he was all right. The next day, I'd find myself driving with one eye on the   8  . It was a happy reunion when I spotted him, and I'd wave first in my   9  ．One night I was walking in the street, my thoughts travelled to “The Waver”， wondering if I could be   10   enough to wave at people I didn't know. Just at the point, I heard a car   11  . I made eye contact with the person in the car, smiled and waved at her. The woman's face   12  ， and she waved back. I was a little surprised. I reminded myself, “It's okay. It's actually kind of   13  ！” I waved to everyone I saw the rest of the way home.Everyone at some point in their lives wonders if they've made any   14   on the world. I can tell you that you don't have to change the world   15  . It's enough to help sweeten it a little, even simply by a heart-warming wave.1. A. waved  B. took  C. saluted  D. glanced2. A. cautious  B. reliable  C. friendly  D. thankful3. A. strangers  B. relatives  C. colleagues  D. employers4. A. informed  B. encouraged  C. encountered  D. acknowledged5. A. behaviours  B. business  C. appearance  D. manners6. A. worried  B. noticed  C. relieved  D. checked7. A. agree  B. attempt  C. promise  D. happen8. A. pedestrians  B. buildings  C. street  D. children9. A. mildness  B. kindness  C. eagerness  D. brightness10. A. brave  B. mature  C. lucky  D. crazy11. A. attacking  B. escaping  C. following  D. approaching12. A. lengthened  B. softened  C. worsened  D. tightened13. A. cool  B. tough  C. fresh  D. curious14. A. comment  B. impact  C. decision  D. sense15. A. accurately  B. slightly  C. thoroughly  D. generally【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過向陌生人揮手感悟到每個(gè)人在人生的某個(gè)階段都想知道自己是否對(duì)這個(gè)世界產(chǎn)生了影響。你不需要徹底改變這個(gè)世界，即使只是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的揮手也可以讓世界變得更美好。1. A　根據(jù)上文“He caught my eye, and up went his arm in his usual wave.”可知，作者也向?qū)Ψ綋]了揮手作為回應(yīng)。故選A。2. C　根據(jù)上文對(duì)方跟不認(rèn)識(shí)的作者打招呼可知，那個(gè)人對(duì)每個(gè)人都很友好。故選C。3. A　根據(jù)上文“I didn't know his name”可知，作者不習(xí)慣陌生人向自己招手。故選A。4. D　在大城市里，人們不習(xí)慣陌生人向自己招手，因此無(wú)論在哪里，人們幾乎都不認(rèn)識(shí)對(duì)方。故選D。5. B　此處考查固定短語(yǔ)mind one's own business表示“管自己的事”。故選B。6. B　根據(jù)上文陌生人注意到了作者，向作者揮手可知，作者感到被人注意到的感覺棒極了。故選B。7. D　根據(jù)上文可知，作者和陌生男子只是在街上碰巧遇到的，短語(yǔ)happen to“碰巧發(fā)生”。故選D。8. C　根據(jù)上文“I missed him and wondered if he was all right.”可知，作者想念和自己揮手的男子，因此開車的時(shí)候一只眼睛還盯著街上。故選C。9. C　作者和對(duì)方好幾天不見，因此在此重聚時(shí)，急切地向他揮手。短語(yǔ)in one's eagerness“急切地”。故選C。10. A　根據(jù)上文可知作者并不習(xí)慣和陌生人揮手，因此此處是在思考自己是否能夠勇敢地向不認(rèn)識(shí)的人揮手。故選A。11. D　根據(jù)下文“I made eye contact with the person in the car”可知，有車開過來(lái)了，逐漸靠近作者。故選D。12. B　根據(jù)上文“smiled and waved at her”可知，作者向車?yán)锏呐课⑿蛽]手，對(duì)方的臉色變得柔和，也向作者揮了揮手。故選B。13. A　根據(jù)上文“It's okay.”可知，作者這么做了以后，覺得還挺酷的，承接上文okay，此處用cool更符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。14. B　根據(jù)下文“on the world”可知，此處考查短語(yǔ)make an impact on表示“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”。故選B。15. C　根據(jù)下文“It's enough to help sweeten it a little, even simply by a heart-warming wave.”可知，你不必徹底改變世界，只需要一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的熱情的揮手，就可以使世界更甜蜜一點(diǎn)兒。故選C。Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法填空Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favourite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon 1. ________(find) a deeper appreciation for this season.The change of leaf colours is a common reason given 2. ________ the love of fall. Each tree reacts 3. ________ (different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing. However, other 4. ________ (tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect 5. ________ (call) the flight-or-fight response.Fall is a time of 6. ________ (reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. I'm 7. ________ 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realise life keeps 8. ________ (move). The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you 9. ________ (go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover 10. ________ fall means to you.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者喜歡秋天這個(gè)季節(jié)，因?yàn)樗亲髡叻此己蜏?zhǔn)備未來(lái)的時(shí)刻，能讓作者不斷前進(jìn)。1. found　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“Last weekend”和“went”可知，此處敘述發(fā)生在過去的事，故填found。2. for　考查固定搭配。the reason for...為固定搭配，意為“……的原因”，故填for。3. differently　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞reacts，故填differently。4. trees　考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處other修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故填trees。5. is called　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，call和主語(yǔ)This effect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處描述的是一種客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填is called。6. reflection　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。of是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，再結(jié)合and后的preparation可知，此處應(yīng)填reflection。7. an　考查冠詞。此處泛指一個(gè)18歲的男孩，且所修飾單詞以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞an。8. moving　考查固定用法。keep doing sth.為固定用法，意為“一直做某事，繼續(xù)做某事”，故填moving。9. to go　考查固定用法。encourage sb. to do sth.為固定用法，意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，故填to go。10. what　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么”，故填what。