高中人教版 (2019)Unit 2 Iconic Attractions知識(shí)點(diǎn)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

這是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 2 Iconic Attractions知識(shí)點(diǎn)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，共9頁(yè)。教案主要包含了詞匯短語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，考點(diǎn)提煉等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總】新人教版 選擇性必修四 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions【詞匯短語(yǔ)】1. I have also read about some iconic sites, ... (P14)  我也看了一些標(biāo)志性景點(diǎn)的介紹，……iconic  /a??k?n?k/  adj. 符號(hào)的；圖標(biāo)的【搭配】iconic figures   偶像人物 iconic model   圖像模型 【拓展】icon  n. 偶像；象征；[計(jì)算機(jī)]圖標(biāo)cultural icon  文化偶像 change icon   更改圖標(biāo)【例句】His photographs have become iconic images of war.他的照片成了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的標(biāo)志性形象。Her success has made her an icon to millions of fans all over the world.她的成功使她成了全球百萬(wàn)歌迷心中的偶像。2. Bakeries, fast-food joints, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. (P14)隨處可見(jiàn)的面包店、快餐連鎖店、肉店、咖啡館和餐館提供世界頂級(jí)的美食體驗(yàn)。joint  /d???nt/  n. 公共場(chǎng)所 （尤指價(jià)格低廉的飲食和娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所）；關(guān)節(jié) adj. 聯(lián)合的；共同的【搭配】a joint enterprise 合營(yíng)企業(yè) a joint account 聯(lián)合賬戶joint stock company  股份公司 joint action (exercises) 聯(lián)合行動(dòng)（演習(xí)）【例句】They had come to the area’s most famous joint.他們來(lái)到了該地區(qū)最有名的公共場(chǎng)所。Every month there is a joint conference between the two departments.這兩個(gè)部門(mén)每月召開(kāi)一次聯(lián)合會(huì)議。3. Bakeries, fast-food joints, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. (P14)隨處可見(jiàn)的面包店、快餐連鎖店、肉店、咖啡館和餐館提供世界頂級(jí)的美食體驗(yàn)。premier  /?premi?(r)/  adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的   n. 總理；首相【搭配】a premier port    第一大港 a premier student   最好的學(xué)生a premier university   最好的大學(xué) one of the country’s premier chefs 國(guó)家名廚之一Premier of the State Council  國(guó)務(wù)院總理【例句】The premiers of the two countries met in Geneva yesterday.兩國(guó)首相昨天在日內(nèi)瓦會(huì)晤。They’re ready to go all out for the Premier League title next season.他們準(zhǔn)備全力以赴，奪取下賽季的超級(jí)聯(lián)賽冠軍。4. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, ... (P15)他們對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度簡(jiǎn)單直率、隨性灑脫，……straightforward  /?stre?t?f??w?d/  adj. 坦率的；簡(jiǎn)單的【搭配】straightforward circuit 直通線路 straightforward routine 簡(jiǎn)明程序【例句】His wife was a straightforward woman and often asked some quite straightforward questions.他的妻子是個(gè)坦率的人，常常會(huì)問(wèn)些很簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。Questions such as date of birth and Social Security number are straightforward.諸如出生日期和社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)號(hào)碼這類問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)單明了。5. Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage. (P16)在中國(guó)，少數(shù)民族經(jīng)常有權(quán)從政府獲得特別基金，來(lái)保護(hù)他們的文化遺產(chǎn)。entitle  /?n?ta?tl/  vt. 給……命名（或題名）；使享有權(quán)利【搭配】entitle sb. to do sth.   給某人做某事的權(quán)利entitle to sth.   有權(quán)；有資格（to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）entitle to consideration 值得一提 entitle to one’s own opinion 有某人自己的見(jiàn)解entitle to respect  值得尊敬【例句】This ticket can entitle you to have a free meal in this hotel.這張票可以讓你在這個(gè)旅館免費(fèi)吃一頓飯。 6. Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (P16)       游客可以在這些自然區(qū)域內(nèi)看到這種神奇的動(dòng)物，也可以贊助一頭大象來(lái)保護(hù)它的健康和自由。domain  /d??me?n; d??'me?n/  n. 領(lǐng)域；領(lǐng)土；范圍 【搭配】in the domain of art 藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域 king’s domain  國(guó)王的領(lǐng)土outside the domain of 超出……領(lǐng)域 Domain Name  域名public domain  公共領(lǐng)域 time domain  時(shí)域【例句】The care of older people is being placed firmly within the domain of the family.照顧老人正被確認(rèn)為是家庭范圍的事。7. Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (P16)       游客可以在這些自然區(qū)域內(nèi)看到這種神奇的動(dòng)物，也可以贊助一頭大象來(lái)保護(hù)它的健康和自由。sponsor  /'sp?ns?(r); NAmE ?spɑ:ns?r/  vt. 倡議；贊助；主辦  n. （法案等的）倡議者；贊助者【搭配】be sponsored by   由……資助 sponsor sb. to do sth. 資助某人做某事a sponsor of ...  ……的贊助商【例句】The businessman announced that he would sponsor the health care plan.這位企業(yè)家宣布他將贊助這項(xiàng)醫(yī)療保健計(jì)劃。8. Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (P16)       游客可以在這些自然區(qū)域內(nèi)看到這種神奇的動(dòng)物，也可以贊助一頭大象來(lái)保護(hù)它的健康和自由。liberty  /?l?b?ti/  n. 自由【搭配】Statue of Liberty  自由女神像 political liberty   政治自由liberty of speech  言論自由 liberty of choice  選擇的自由have liberty to do sth. 可隨意做某事 at liberty   自由地；得到許可【例句】Citizens are at liberty to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights.公民可以自由地行使自己的權(quán)利，但他們絕不能損害他人的權(quán)益。9. a flock of sheep (P18)羊群a flock of  一群（羊或鳥(niǎo)）【搭配】a flock of children/reporters 一大群兒童/記者a flock of sheep/gulls/pigeons 一群羊/海鷗/鴿子【例句】Presently she saw lofty blue mountains, on which the white snow rested as if a flock of swans were lying upon them. 現(xiàn)在她看見(jiàn)蔚藍(lán)色的高山，山上覆蓋著白雪，仿佛有一群天鵝躺在上面。【拓展】flocks and herds 牛羊in flocks 成群的10. It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country. (P19)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是袋鼠，因?yàn)檫@種動(dòng)物廣泛分布于全國(guó)。distribution  /?d?str??bju??n/  n. 分布；分配；分發(fā)【搭配】geographical distribution  地理分布 fair distribution  公平分配food distribution  食物分配 the distribution of sth. 分配某物make a distribution = distribute   分發(fā)【例句】The species of plant has a very wide distribution, and we can see it from the south to the north.這種植物的分布范圍很廣，從南方到北方我們都能看到。The Red Cross organized the distribution of food and clothing in the disaster area.紅十字會(huì)組織了災(zāi)區(qū)的食品和衣物分發(fā)。 11. They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old. (P20)它們?cè)谶@個(gè)臨時(shí)性、受保護(hù)的環(huán)境中睡覺(jué)和吃奶，直到七八個(gè)月大。temporary  /?tempr?r?/  adj. 暫時(shí)的；短暫的【搭配】temporary shelter  臨時(shí)避難所                 temporary accommodation  臨時(shí)住處a temporary measure      臨時(shí)措施【例句】Temporary failure is not to be feared. We must bear it in mind that the painstaking effort we have will pay off in the long run.暫時(shí)的失敗不可怕。我們必須記住，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，我們所付出的艱苦努力是會(huì)得到回報(bào)的。12. If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos ... (P20)如果你想要抱一抱考拉，你必須去那些獲得正式許可的動(dòng)物園……licensed  /?la?snst/  adj. 得到正式許可的license  /?la?sns/  vt. 批準(zhǔn)；許可   n. (= licence) 許可證；執(zhí)照【搭配】licensed technology 專利技術(shù)licensed public accountant  執(zhí)照會(huì)計(jì)師license officially  官方特許  license for   向……頒發(fā)……許可；……的許可證/營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照business license   營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照【例句】They had licensed the firm to produce the drug.他們批準(zhǔn)了那家公司生產(chǎn)這種藥物。13. It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill. (P21)它擁有一種能用嘴里的電傳感器在水中找到食物的能力。capacity  /k?'p?s?ti/  n. 能力；容量【搭配】have a capacity of/for 有……能力；具有……容量professional capacity  專業(yè)能力 at full capacity   全力以赴within/beyond one’s capacity 在某人的能力之內(nèi)/外【例句】The professor in his lecture went beyond the capacity to/for his audience.這位教授的講課超出了聽(tīng)眾的接受能力。
【語(yǔ)法知識(shí)】It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. (P15)       據(jù)說(shuō)現(xiàn)在近一半的澳大利亞公民要么出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。【考點(diǎn)提煉】 It be + 過(guò)去分詞 + that ...     該句式中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。It is said that ...   據(jù)說(shuō)…… It is agreed that ... 人們認(rèn)為……It is reported that ...  據(jù)報(bào)道…… It is announced that ... 據(jù)宣布……It is recorded that .... 據(jù)記載…… It is believed that ...  人們相信……It is thought that ...  人們認(rèn)為…… It is hoped that ...  人們希望……It is suggested that ... 有人建議……【例句】It is agreed that the plot of the drama is very entertaining.大家一致認(rèn)為這部戲的情節(jié)很有趣。It is reported that the film is well received outside China.據(jù)報(bào)道，這部電影在國(guó)外很受歡迎。It is said that about 20% of 25–34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.據(jù)說(shuō)，25–34歲的年輕人中有大約20%和父母住在一起，而1991年這一比例為16%。【拓展】該句式可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“sb./sth. + be + 過(guò)去分詞 + 不定式”和“People + 動(dòng)詞 + that ...”。It is said that they have won the game.  據(jù)說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)贏得了比賽。= They are said to have won the game. = People say that they have won the game.過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞，形式上由“動(dòng)詞原形+ed”構(gòu)成。部分動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有特殊形式變化。過(guò)去分詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（have+過(guò)去分詞）和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（be+過(guò)去分詞）的句子中。不充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種，表示被動(dòng)或完成，在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。（1）過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)① 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果是單個(gè)的詞，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前；如果是短語(yǔ)，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。② 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表示完成。We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.                         我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.                        這場(chǎng)由五千多人參加的大會(huì)歡迎了這位偉大的英雄。（2）過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)① 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。② 有些動(dòng)詞，如interest、bore、worry、surprise、frighten等通常用其過(guò)去分詞形式來(lái)修飾人，用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式來(lái)修飾物。The store is now closed.                        商店現(xiàn)在關(guān)門(mén)了。The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.                       這本書(shū)很有趣，我對(duì)它很感興趣。（3）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)① 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常為句子的主語(yǔ)，表示的動(dòng)作與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。一般用逗號(hào)與句子其他部分隔開(kāi)。② 根據(jù)需要，過(guò)去分詞前可加上when、while、until、once、though、as long as、unless、as if、even if等詞。③ 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置：句前和句后都可。Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.                       因?yàn)閷?xiě)得匆忙，所以這篇文章不是很好。When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.                      當(dāng)你做體檢時(shí)應(yīng)保持鎮(zhèn)定。注意：如果過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面再加上其邏輯主語(yǔ)，句子的主語(yǔ)就不再是過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The signal given, the bus started.                      信號(hào)一發(fā)出，公共汽車就開(kāi)動(dòng)了。（4）過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，賓語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，一般是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，即邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。而從時(shí)間角度考慮，過(guò)去分詞通常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞大多數(shù)來(lái)自及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)或完成。但也有少數(shù)來(lái)自不及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成后的狀態(tài)。① 感官動(dòng)詞see、notice、watch、hear、feel、find等后通常接動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。I saw his eyes fixed on me with curiosity.                    我看見(jiàn)他的眼睛盯著我，充滿了好奇。② 使役動(dòng)詞get、have、make、leave、keep等后常用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.                   當(dāng)你在作報(bào)告時(shí)，你應(yīng)該講得大聲一點(diǎn)兒使得被人聽(tīng)清。③ 在表示希望和要求的動(dòng)詞（如wish、want、like、order等）后，常使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unusual.                  他們希望他們的大樓用一種看起來(lái)與眾不同的方式建造。（4）“with+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)：過(guò)去分詞用作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語(yǔ)。With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.                   買完需要的所有東西，她高興地回家了。（表時(shí)間）With the matter settled, we all went home.                  事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因）She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.                  她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他的臉。（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam.                  水一被加熱，我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。（表?xiàng)l件）