【暑假高三預(yù)備】課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷地區(qū)英語(yǔ)高二（升高三）暑假預(yù)習(xí)-第17講 語(yǔ)法填空 講學(xué)案

這是一份【暑假高三預(yù)備】課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷地區(qū)英語(yǔ)高二（升高三）暑假預(yù)習(xí)-第17講 語(yǔ)法填空 講學(xué)案，文件包含第17講語(yǔ)法填空解析版-暑假自學(xué)課2023年新高三英語(yǔ)暑假精品課課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷docx、第17講語(yǔ)法填空原卷版-暑假自學(xué)課2023年新高三英語(yǔ)暑假精品課課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷docx等2份學(xué)案配套教學(xué)資源，其中學(xué)案共66頁(yè)， 歡迎下載使用。

1. 掌握語(yǔ)法填空答題要求和高考考向。
2. 掌握語(yǔ)法填空答題技巧和形式判斷。
3. 掌握常見(jiàn)構(gòu)詞法和固定句型搭配等。
一、語(yǔ)法填空思維導(dǎo)圖
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空十二個(gè)技巧
技巧一：名詞形式變化。
名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。
技巧二：動(dòng)詞形式變化。
動(dòng)詞的形式變化比較多，有謂語(yǔ)的變化（時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣），有非謂語(yǔ)的變化（不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞）。
技巧三：代詞形式變化。
代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關(guān)。即人稱代詞（主格和賓格）、物主代詞（形容詞性和名詞性）、反身代詞。還有幾個(gè)不定代詞的形式變化，如n ne/ nne ther/ anther。指示代詞（it和this）it 用作引導(dǎo)詞等。
技巧四：形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)變化。
英語(yǔ)中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化。構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的方式，或通過(guò)加后綴-er 和-est，或在詞前加mre/less 和mst/least，且形容詞的絕對(duì)最高級(jí)還要冠以the。
技巧五：數(shù)詞形式變化。
數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞，或加后綴-teen、-ty 的變化，甚至還有作分母用的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，以及ne/tw 的特殊變化形式nce/twice。
技巧六：詞的派生。
詞的派生現(xiàn)象在英語(yǔ)單詞中是很常見(jiàn)的，派生現(xiàn)象主要發(fā)生在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這種題型還有可能檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)詞根、前后綴、派生詞的掌握。
技巧七：固定短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。
根據(jù)句中橫線前后及整句來(lái)判斷橫線前后是否構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)要對(duì)橫線前或后的幾個(gè)單詞結(jié)合看才能命中答案。
技巧八：從句引導(dǎo)詞。
從句是此題型最為常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)方向，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)各種從句掌握程度。
技巧九：短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)。
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是以動(dòng)詞為中心的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，此類短語(yǔ)中往往是動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞連用的多些。
技巧十：介詞、短語(yǔ)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)。
常用的介詞有in，at，n，befre，during 等，通?？疾楣潭ù钆洹６陶Z(yǔ)介詞即多個(gè)詞的組合起介詞作用的短語(yǔ)，如：except fr，due t 等。
技巧十一：連詞、關(guān)聯(lián)短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。
常用的連詞有and，r，but，s，fr，while 等，常用的關(guān)聯(lián)短語(yǔ)bth……and，either……r，neither……nr，nt nly……but als 等。
技巧十二：冠詞無(wú)提示詞名詞之前。
冠詞只能是在a，an，the之間判斷。
考點(diǎn)一：提示詞為動(dòng)詞，考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
若句中沒(méi)有其他的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致，偶爾也有考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況。
例1．（2023全國(guó)乙卷）Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.
答案：was amazed。
解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的10年里，我多次訪問(wèn)北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.”可知，本句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)I和動(dòng)詞amaze之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was amazed。
例2．(2022?新高考II卷) Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams.
答案:was fixing。
解析：句意：聽(tīng)到尖叫聲時(shí)，亨利正在修車。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空后的when he heard the screams，可知，設(shè)空處的動(dòng)作是正在發(fā)生的，同時(shí)該句描述的是過(guò)去的事實(shí)。故使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。fix為動(dòng)詞，意為“修理”，其過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)為was fixing。故填was fixing。
例3． (2020?全國(guó)III卷) The artist was sure he wuld __________ (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
答案:be chsen。
解析：首先情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式。故答案是be chsen。
例4． (2020?全國(guó)III卷)When he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (pint) dwn the river.
答案: pinted。
解析：本句是“A and B”型并列句，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)保持一致。故答案是pinted。
考點(diǎn)二：提示詞為動(dòng)詞，考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，則所給動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行；動(dòng)詞－ed形式表示被動(dòng)、完成；動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的、將來(lái)、具體或一次性的動(dòng)作。
例5．（2023新高考I卷）T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
答案: t bite。
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：吃小籠包的時(shí)候，你必須要決定是先咬一個(gè)小口流出湯汁，還是把整個(gè)小籠包放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。decide t d sth.“決定做某事”，用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，空處與后面t put并列作賓語(yǔ)，故填t bite。
例6．（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the 39 (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace.
答案:recgnized。
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：上?？赡苁枪J(rèn)的小籠包之鄉(xiāng)，但美食歷史學(xué)家會(huì)告訴你，鄰近的運(yùn)河小鎮(zhèn)南翔才是小籠包的發(fā)源地?？崭裨诿~hme前面作定語(yǔ)，recgnize與hme是邏輯上動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需填過(guò)去分詞recgnized作定語(yǔ)，recgnized“被公認(rèn)的”也可以看作是形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填recgnized。
例7．（2023全國(guó)甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
答案：brrwing。
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：“從前，在美國(guó)的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開(kāi)頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。邏輯主語(yǔ)her fable與brrw之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填brrwing。
考點(diǎn)三：提示詞為動(dòng)詞，考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞或形容詞
當(dāng)所給提示詞雖為動(dòng)詞，但既不是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞又不是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，就要考慮進(jìn)行詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。高考中?？疾閯?dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~，偶有變形容詞或副詞的情況。做題時(shí)只需根據(jù)其所作句子成分來(lái)確定其詞性便可做出正確的轉(zhuǎn)換。
例8．.（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the 36 (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
答案：arrival。
解析：考查名詞。句意：從2017年6月開(kāi)始，就在兩只新大熊貓“萌萌”和“嬌青”到來(lái)之前，我一直在幫助動(dòng)物園的熊貓飼養(yǎng)員更舒服、更自信地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是冠詞，空后是介詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作介詞befre的賓語(yǔ)，arrive的名詞形式是arrival，不可數(shù)名詞。故填arrival。
例9．（2021全國(guó)II卷）I was s________ (excite) when he wrte back t me.
答案：excited
解析：考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)他給我回信時(shí)，我很興奮。該空作was之后的表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，修飾人，用v+ed形式的形容詞，所以填excited。
考點(diǎn)四：提示詞為名詞，考查名詞的數(shù)與格及詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
所給詞為名詞時(shí)，?？疾閱螐?fù)數(shù)的變化，此時(shí)應(yīng)首先判斷所給名詞為可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)再根據(jù)其修飾詞來(lái)確定，例如，當(dāng)其前有ne f, many, different, all等詞或短語(yǔ)且所給名詞為可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式；有時(shí)也考查名詞的所有格，此時(shí)它應(yīng)做定語(yǔ)，譯作“……的”。 所給詞為名詞時(shí)，有時(shí)也考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換，主要是名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~或動(dòng)詞。
例10．（2023新高考II卷）They als need t be ready t give 41 (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
答案：interviews。
解析：考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他們還需要準(zhǔn)備好用英語(yǔ)接受國(guó)際記者的采訪。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是動(dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，interview意為“采訪”為可數(shù)名詞，不止一段采訪，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填interviews。
例11．（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (sn) life," said Mrs. Brwn.
答案：sn’s
解析：考查名詞所有格。句意：他拯救了我兒子的生命。根據(jù)句意，life與提示詞sn之間是所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該使用名詞所有格。故填sn’s。
例12．（2023新高考I卷）Xia lng ba (sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, 36 (taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd.
答案：tasty。
解析：考查形容詞。句意：小籠包(湯包)，那些精致的餃子皮，包裹著熱騰騰的美味湯和甜甜的鮮肉，是我最喜歡的中國(guó)街頭小吃。形容詞需修飾后面的名詞sup(湯)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定語(yǔ)，故填tasty。
例13．（2023浙江1月卷） The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by (space) hmes and walled gardens.
答案：spacius。
解析：考查形容詞。句意：他們建立的胡同井然有序。寬大的房屋和有墻的花園成行排列。空格處需要填形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾空格后的名詞hmes。故填spacius。
考點(diǎn)五：提示詞代詞，考查代詞的數(shù)、格或反身代詞
所給詞為代詞時(shí)，?？疾槿朔Q代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~，此時(shí)其后一般會(huì)有一個(gè)名詞，所給代詞就是用來(lái)修飾這個(gè)名詞的，譯作“……的”。 所給詞為代詞時(shí)，有時(shí)考查人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~。這兩種情況一般可依據(jù)所作成分或句意進(jìn)行判斷。
例14．（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f 42 (they) cntents.
答案：their。
解析：考查代詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個(gè)精致的外皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來(lái)，而不會(huì)撕裂或溢出里面的東西。修飾后面的名詞cntents(東西)需用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。
例15．（2021全國(guó)I卷）As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in （I）.
答案：mine
解析：句意為：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)的確如此。指my memry,所以用名詞性物主代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ),故填mine.
例16．（2020年新高考卷）As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模擬) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
答案：themselves
解析：考查反身代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品，游客還可以玩電腦模擬游戲，想象自己生活在一個(gè)不同的歷史時(shí)期，或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處指代visitrs，意為“他們自己”，應(yīng)使用反身代詞。故填themselves。
考點(diǎn)六：提示詞為形容詞，考查形容詞或副詞的比較等級(jí)
當(dāng)提示詞為形容詞或副詞時(shí)，常考查比較等級(jí)(即比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))。此時(shí)一般可根據(jù)所給提示詞前后的than, by, the, even等比較等級(jí)中常出現(xiàn)的特殊詞匯并結(jié)合語(yǔ)意去進(jìn)行判斷。
例17． （2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decratin, and the hutngs were narrwer.
答案：simpler。
解析：考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：他們的四合院規(guī)模要小很多，并且在設(shè)計(jì)和裝飾上更加簡(jiǎn)單，并且胡同也更窄。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和and可知，空格處需要填形容詞比較級(jí)和前面的smaller構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)作表語(yǔ)。故填simpler。
例18．（2022全國(guó)甲卷）In the last five years, Ca has walked thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa’s ____________ (high) muntain.
答案:highest。
考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：在過(guò)去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國(guó)家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)空前Africa’s可知，此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填highest。
例19． (2021?新高考卷) The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the __________ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
答案:htter。
解析：這是“the +比較級(jí)…, the +比較級(jí)…”句型。故答案是htter。
考點(diǎn)七：提示詞為形容詞，考查形容詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞甚至動(dòng)詞
當(dāng)所給提示詞雖為形容詞或副詞且不是考查比較等級(jí)時(shí)，則應(yīng)考慮形容詞或副詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，一般常考查形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~或名詞。做題時(shí)，除了根據(jù)句意進(jìn)行判斷外，主要應(yīng)從其所作成分去思考。
例20．（2023新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is 44 (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left wanting mre next time.
答案：rarely。
解析：考查副詞。句意：無(wú)論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。修飾形容詞用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
例21．（2023新高考II卷）S, what are they learning? 43 (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life.
答案：Basically。
解析：考查副詞。句意：基本上，如何描述熊貓的生活。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾空后整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)該用副詞修飾，basic的副詞形式是basically位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Basically。
考點(diǎn)八：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填冠詞
若空后有名詞且兩者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等形式，則一般填冠詞。此外，還需注意冠詞的固定搭配。
例22．（2023新高考I卷）The meat shuld be fresh with 43 tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
答案：a。
解析：考查冠詞。句意：肉應(yīng)該是新鮮的，有一點(diǎn)甜味，湯應(yīng)該是熱的，清澈的，美味的。a tuch f “一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)；稍許”，常用搭配，tuch“輕微；稍許”常用作單數(shù)。故填a。
例23．（2023新高考II卷）Nt the pandas, even thugh 39 language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
答案：the。
解析：考查冠詞。句意：不是熊貓，盡管醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練指導(dǎo)使用的語(yǔ)言實(shí)際上是英語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處特指用于醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練指導(dǎo)使用的語(yǔ)言，表特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。故填the。
考點(diǎn)九：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填介詞
當(dāng)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前一般填介詞。高考語(yǔ)法填空中對(duì)介詞的考查側(cè)重固定搭配或習(xí)慣用法，應(yīng)注意平時(shí)多積累。
例24．（2023新高考I卷）There yu will find them prepared differently- mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rlled.
答案：by。
解析：考查介詞。句意：在那里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的制作方式不同——更多湯包，更少的湯，包子皮是用手壓的，而不是搟出來(lái)的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根據(jù)句意，故填by。
例25．（2023全國(guó)甲卷）She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 68 saving their envirnment.
答案：fr。
解析：考查介詞。句意：她警告社會(huì)面臨的環(huán)境危險(xiǎn)，并教導(dǎo)人們必須承擔(dān)起保護(hù)環(huán)境的責(zé)任。take respnsibility fr對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)。故填fr。
考點(diǎn)十：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填代詞
當(dāng)句子缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般要填入代詞或名詞。高考側(cè)重對(duì)it作形式主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的考查，近幾年對(duì)人稱代詞、不定代詞的考查往往會(huì)給提示詞的。
例26．（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap _________ can be t eat ut.
答案：it
解析：考查it用法。句子為感嘆句，正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是it can be hw cheap t eat ut.其中不定式t eat ut是真正主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。故填it。
考點(diǎn)十一：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填并列連詞
當(dāng)空格處前后是同一層次并具有相同句法功能的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子時(shí)，空格處一般填并列連詞。此時(shí)要根據(jù)前后部分的邏輯關(guān)系或固定句式去填and, but，r等。
例27．（2023新高考I卷）T eat ne, yu have t decide whether t bite a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
答案：r。
解析：考查連詞。句意：吃小籠包的時(shí)候，你必須要決定是先咬一個(gè)小口流出湯汁，還是把整個(gè)小籠包放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。 “是……還是……”，固定搭配，根據(jù)句意，故填r。
例28．（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an hnr t watch the panda prgramme develp 44 t see the pandas settle int their new hme.
答案：and。
解析：考查連詞。句意：我很榮幸能看到熊貓項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展，看到熊貓們?cè)谛录野差D下來(lái)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“t watch the panda prgramme develp”和“t see the pandas settle int their new hme”兩者是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用and連接。故填and。
例29．.（2023全國(guó)乙卷）It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk, 65 smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.
答案：but。
解析：考查連詞。句意：但不知何故，這兩個(gè)截然不同的世界卻很好地結(jié)合在了一起?？涨啊癐t is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk,”和空后“smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。故填but。
考點(diǎn)十二：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞
設(shè)空處跟在名詞后面，且空后的句子對(duì)這個(gè)名詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，即表示這個(gè)名詞的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等，則為定語(yǔ)從句，然后再根據(jù)這個(gè)名詞在空后句子中所作的成分去判斷用何關(guān)系詞。
例30．（2023全國(guó)甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 63 Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
答案：as。
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：然而，正如雷切爾·卡森在《明日寓言》中所說(shuō)，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價(jià)值。引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，且有“正如”之意，用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)。故填as。
例31．（2023全國(guó)甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, 64 all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
答案：where。
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：“從前，在美國(guó)的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開(kāi)頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中先行詞為twn，在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
例32．（2023全國(guó)乙卷）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 63 welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
答案：which/that
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個(gè)歡迎現(xiàn)代生活快節(jié)奏發(fā)展的地方，21世紀(jì)的建筑奇跡與過(guò)去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為“a place”，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。
考點(diǎn)十三：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填名詞性從句連接詞
設(shè)空處后面有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，通常后面的那個(gè)是主句的謂語(yǔ)，前面為主語(yǔ)從句；設(shè)空處跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面，且后面有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，通常為賓語(yǔ)從句；設(shè)空處跟在系動(dòng)詞后面(注意系動(dòng)詞不僅僅是指be動(dòng)詞，還包括感官動(dòng)詞和表示動(dòng)作保持或變化的動(dòng)詞)，則為表語(yǔ)從句。
例33．（2023新高考II卷）They als need t be ready t give interviews in English with internatinal jurnalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
答案：why。
解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：這就是他們需要英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)師的原因。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)該用連接副詞連接，前文提到需要培訓(xùn)師的原因，此處是表達(dá)“這就是他們需要英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)師的原因”之意，應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。故填why。
例34．（2021全國(guó)I卷）_____________is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
答案：what
解析：考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意為：這段經(jīng)歷讓人嘆為觀止的是那些超凡脫俗的場(chǎng)景。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ),表示"……的東西",故填What。
考點(diǎn)十四：無(wú)提示詞，根據(jù)句子含義填狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞
設(shè)空處所在的句子后面為逗號(hào)，逗號(hào)后為另一個(gè)句子，此時(shí)一般為狀語(yǔ)從句。從屬連詞是連詞的一種，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句，作為主句的一部分，修飾主句。確定從屬連詞的關(guān)鍵是，先判斷其前后是不是兩個(gè)完整的句子，它們是否都有各自的謂語(yǔ)，然后根據(jù)句意確定它們的從屬關(guān)系判斷具體用哪個(gè)詞。
例35．（2020全國(guó)III卷）__________ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
答案：as/ when
解析：考查連接詞。句意：當(dāng)他問(wèn)河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時(shí)，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，且從句中動(dòng)詞asked為短暫性動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，不能用while引導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)用when或as引導(dǎo)。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填When/As。
【2023?新高考I卷】
Xia lng ba (sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, 36 (taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide whether 37 (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue. Shanghai may be the 39 (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace. There yu will find them prepared differently- mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rlled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them 41 (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f 42 (they) cntents. The meat shuld be fresh with 43 tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is 44 (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left 45 (want) mre next time.
【2023?新高考II卷】
Whenever I tell peple that I teach English at the Berlin Z, I almst always get a questining lk. Behind it, the persn is trying t figure ut wh exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right befre the 36 (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and 37 (cnfidence) speaking English. And wh d they speak English 38 ?
Nt the pandas, even thugh 39 language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English. They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t 40 (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China. They als need t be ready t give 41 (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
S, what are they learning? 43 (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life. It’s been an hnr t watch the panda prgramme develp 44 t see the pandas settle int their new hme. As a little girl, I 45 (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up. Nw, I’m living ut that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers d their jb in English.
【2023?全國(guó)甲卷】
Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 62 (six) century, B. C. Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 63 Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, 64 all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, 65 (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 66 (intend) fr everyne.
67 (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 68 saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Casn’s theme is a mre weighty 69 (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple lyric frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 70 (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
【2023?全國(guó)乙卷】
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 61 ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system f ring rads.
But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 63 welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk, 65 smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. 66 (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years 68 (recrd) everything I discvered.
The 69 (remark) develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, 70 (mean) there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
【2023?浙江1月卷】
During China’s dynastic perid, emperrs planned the city f Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes. The term “hutng”, 57 (riginal)meaning “water well” in Mnglian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Frbidden City, 58 (surrund)in cncentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens f higher scial classes 59 (permit) t live clser t the center f the circles. The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften 60 (feature) beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars(柱子). The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by 61 (space) hmes and walled gardens. Farther frm the center lived the cmmners and labrers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decratin, and the hutngs were narrwer.
Hutngs represent an imprtant cultural element f the city f Beijing. Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry 63 capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric 64 (event). In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect 65 culture f grassrts Beijingers.
【2022?新高考I卷】
The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP). 56 (cver)an area abut three times 57 size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry. The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that 58 (be)previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity 59 (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP 60 (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, 61 leaving behind precius natural assets(資產(chǎn))fr future generatins”. The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 62 (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and 63 (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve 64 an umbrella species(物種), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China. The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
【2022?新高考II卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch f the year n the weekend. When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽(yáng)臺(tái)), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the 56 (fall) child.
Eric Brwn, nly three years ld, kncked Henry dwn when he fell. The by is in the hspital and dctrs say he'll be OK.
57 Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt. On the day f the accident, Mrs. Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father. They bth fell 58 (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up 59 (see) them. When he lked dwn, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell ver the edge. He hung n fr a few minutes 61 screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 62 (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly 63 (thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
He saved my 64 (sn) life," said Mrs. Brwn. "I dn't knw 65 t thank him.”
"I just didn't want the by t be hurt," said Henry.
【2022?全國(guó)甲卷】
A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step 61 (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路線) by ft.
On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, 62 lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince. Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin 63 (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad. 64 friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental 65 (prtect). Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre 66 (meaning). The tw f them cllected mre than 1,000 plastic bttles alng the 40-day jurney.
In the last five years, Ca 67 (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa’s 68 (high) muntain.
Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters 69 Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, 70 (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
【2022?全國(guó)乙卷】
May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially 61 the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019. T celebrate 62 festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety 63 (address) the pening ceremny. “As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the 64 (large) tea-prducing cuntry, China has a 65 (respnsible)t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry. It can help t build a cmmunity with a 66 (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (發(fā)布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin 67 cultural exchanges. A fur-year tea prmtin —Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
68 (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, 69 (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening 70 (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
【2022?浙江6月卷】
T understand a painting, we’re taught t lk fr clr, cmpsitin, and light. But hw can a painting 56 (appreciate)by smene wh’s blind? Thrugh tuch, the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt 57 (d). Jhn Olsn, a frmer 58 (phtgraph)and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
The tactile(可觸知的)paintings wrk as a way t shw art t 59 blind because we dn’t see with just Our eyes: We see with ur brains. Research in the field f neurplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shws that the visual crtex(大腦皮層)is made active by tuch. Blind peple recgnize shapes with their 60 (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f 61 (sight )peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, wh’s nw thirteen, went blind suddenly 62 age seven. When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he 63 (ntice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said.
Fr Luc, this means 64 (independent). "The feeling f being able t see it 65 t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
【2022?浙江1月卷】
Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics 56 are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like frequently by plane 57 (view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin. But Cbb and thers 58 (be) nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and 59 (change) their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, 60 (rugh) 200 academics - many f them climate scientists 61 (prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak 62 she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f 63 time, they agreed. When the answer was n, she declined the 64 (invite). That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans 65 (cntinue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding", she says, "a really psitive change."
【01】閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
We cannt prevent an earthquake frm happening, but we can learn hw 1 (survive) an earthquake. If yu are indrs, dn’t try t run ut f the building during an earthquake. The mst imprtant thing 2 (be) t prtect yurself as much as yu can. Drp dwn nt yur hands and knees. Cver yur head and neck with yur hands, arms r hard 3 (bject). If pssible, find 4 strng shelter nearby which will cver yur whle bdy. Hld n t yur shelter until the shaking stps.
If yu’re utdrs, mve t pen areas. Buildings, trees, streetlights and pwer lines can fall dwn during an earthquake. Find a shelter 5 yu can stay. If yu are near bjects that can fall, find a shelter t prtect 6 (yu) frm them. Wait befre mving t anther place. Objects may als fall after an earthquake and there are always strng aftershcks. Observe carefully befre yu mve away.
If yu’re in a car, stp yur car as sn as yu can, but avid 7 (stp) near a building r under a tree. Stay 8 (seat) and stay calm in yur car. The car’s metal bdy can prtect yu 9 falling bjects. Drive carefully when the quake stps. Avid bridges that 10 (damage) r may be damaged by the aftershcks.
【02】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I arrived in Beijing three weeks ag; a native Iwan f the United States far frm the land-lcked Midwestern state I call hme. I was eager 11 (experience) all the differences life back hme never gave me. Yet sn after 12 (I) arrival I nticed sme similarities, althugh it was laughable at first t try and cmpare Iwa City, where I live, 13 a ppulatin f 70,000peple, and Beijing, which has abut 20 millin peple.
I sn recgnized ur cmmn lve fr ndles. In Beijing ndles 14 (be) a part f the traditinal everyday diet and an essential part f nrthern Chinese 15 (dish). I’m happy t reprt that ndles cntinue t be a part f my meals and are just as affrdable.
Iwans knw a lt abut rural life as an 16 (agriculture) state and depend n it, like China, fr jbs. Iwa is als knwn fr raising quality pigs, 17 we lve t eat and s d peple in China. It is reprted that prk makes up nearly three-furths f the ttal meat 18 (cnsume) annually in China and Iwa is the 19 (large) prk prducer in the US.
I suppse 20 a Beijinger sat dwn next t an Iwan n the subway, it wuld turn t be an interesting cnversatin.
【03】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.
Chinese high schl principal Zhang Guimei has been hnred 21 the title “Rle Mdel f the Times” in recgnitin f her dedicatin t educatin fr girls.
With the supprt f the Party and the gvernment, she helped establish the cuntry’s first senir high schl t ffer free educatin fr girls frm pr families. Since it pened in 2008, it 22 (see) mre than 1,800 students prgress t universities and clleges.
Abut 20 years ag, while n the way t visit a student’s huse, Zhang Guimei, then a rural teacher in Huaping cunty, Lijiang, Yunnan prvince, nticed a girl 23 (sit) n the hillside. She was staring 24 (blank) int space. The girl, 13, tld Zhang she was abut t get married and it was arranged by her parents.
That fateful encunter(邂逅) persuaded Zhang 25 (build) a free high schl fr girls, aiming t help break the spell (魔咒) 26 wmen drp ut f educatin, marry early and spend 27 (they) whle life in the remte muntain.
After years f trying t raise funds, in 2008, Huaping High Schl fr Girls, a free public high schl, 28 (fund) at the ft f the Shizi Muntain in Huaping, where Zhang is the principal. Over the decades, Mre than 1,800 29 (graduate) have been admitted t cllege, 30 is regarded a “miracle” in the remte area, as mst students didn’t perfrm well in academic study befre the schl was established.
【04】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Mixing traditinal Chinese tea with cffee has 31 (recent) becme a new trend fr bth suppliers f bth drinks. They are making every effrt 32 (pen) the market. Mixing tea and cffee is nt a new thing as yuenyeung r yuanyang, which generally cnsists 33 brewed cffee and black tea with sugar and milk. Yuenyeung 34 (be) a ppular refreshment ptin in Hng Kng ver the past few years. Yuenyeung refers t a pair f mandarin ducks, ne male and ne female. The drink usually cmbines a harmnius mix f equal parts f cffee and milk tea.
As China’s cffee and tea markets are bth develping quickly, the new drinks have becme a windw thrugh 35 yung custmers can understand and learn abut traditinal tea culture, 36 (break) the steretype (成見(jiàn)) that nly the middle-aged and elderly drink tea. Dmestic and internatinal cffee brands have expanded in the past cuple f years, with new prducts cntinuusly being 37 (launch) that feature Chinese tea r ther Chinese cultural 38 (element).
Lu Yngchen, CEO f Tim Hrtns China, says, “We have seen the rise f China’s cffee cnsumptin market 39 persnally experienced the cntinuus imprvement f the business envirnment and the 40 (strength) supprt frm the gvernment fr business develpment.”
【05】閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填人適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
American summers are filled with utdr picnics, baseball games and swimming pls. Summer in America is a time 41 (enjy) the utdrs, n matter hw ht it might be. Let’s take 42 lk at sme f the ppular drinks.
Lemnade is the 43 (cmmn) f all American summer drinks. It is made by mixing lemn juice, water and sugar. It 44 (serve) very cld with ice. Anther ppular summer drink in America is ice tea， 45 is usually served in a tall glass f ice. Many 46 (American) chse t add sugar t sweeten the drink. They drink 47 in the afternn while 48 (relax) in the shade. Ice tea is nw als sld by the bttle, at almst any stre in America.
The Slurpee, a famus American drink in recent years, is a great way t cl ff in the summer heat. It is a mix f ice, sugar and fruit juice. They can be bught at mst small 49 (cnvenience) stres. Slurpees are ppular 50 yung Americans. Milkshakes have a lng histry in America. It is made f a mix f ice cream, milk and flavring.
【06】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填A(yù)．1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A new research,which 51 (publish) in the jurnal PLOS Generics, has fund that peple’s genes are key t 52 (help) them stay slim. Cnducted by 53 (schlar) frm Cambridge University, the study has fund that thin peple have DNA 54 cntains fewer variants linked t being verweight. There are genes 55 (assciate) with thinness and they play at least 40percent f a rle 56 peple’s weight. This might help explain why sme peple are naturally skinny while thers have big prblems with keeping their weight dwn and seem t pile n the punds s easily.
Accrding t the researchers, they 57 (undertake) the study last year t find ut why s many peple struggle with their weight and they wanted t help them. They added, “it is easy t rush t 58 (judge) and criticize peple fr their weight，but actually things are far mre cmplex. Healthy and thin peple are generally thin nt because they are 59 (mral) superir, 60 because they have a lwer burden f genes that increase a persn’s chances f being verweight.”
【07】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Yucun and Xidi, tw villages in eastern China, 61 (entitle) “Best Turism Villages” by Wrld Turism Organizatin in 2021. The “Best Turism Villages” initiative aims t prmte the rle f turism in 62 (prtect) rural villages, alng with their landscapes, natural and cultural diversity. The tw villages will gain access t an exchange platfrm 63 (spnsr) by Wrld Turism Organizatin and receive supprtfrm it.
The village f Yucun, lcated in Anji Cunty f east China’s Zhejiang Prvince, is ften referred t as a “beautiful twn” as its 64 (envirnmental)cnscius (有……意識(shí)的) lcal authrities treasure the area’s clear waters and green muntains. Back in the 1980s and 1990s, the village based its ecnmy 65 the area’s high-quality mineral resurces and became the 66 (rich) cmmunity in Anji, but it als paid 67 high price fr pllutin. In recent years, Yucun has made the effrt 68 (imprve) its envirnment and by nw it has becme a ppular turist destinatin.
Xidi, 69 unique, elegant black tile (瓦片) rf wden huses and decrative gate twers are well-knwn, is lcated just 40 km frm the Huangshan turist attractin. Xidi ranks amng China’s ten mst imprtant histric and cultural 70 (center).
【08】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Yu must have seen newspaper carriers. Ever since the 71 (invent) f the newspaper, there have been newspaper carriers. In America, Newspaper Carrier Day hlds them in 72 highest regard and shares their effrts with the wrld.
Newspaper Carrier Day was created 73 (hnr) the effrts f the first newsby hired (雇用) by the Museum f the City f New Yrk. In 1833, 10-year-ld Blarney Flaherty first picked up his lad f newspapers and 74 (shut) “Paper! Get yur paper here!” n the streets. Over 180 years later Newspaper Carrier Day celebrates thse brave peple 75 fllwed in his ftsteps.
It’s 76 (amaze) t knw that Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King had their start early in their lives carrying the lcal paper. It still serves as ne f the first 77 (jb) yung men and wmen hld in many lcal cmmunities. They use their bikes t deliver the news t peple all ver their neighbrhd 78 (regular).
The best way t celebrate Newspaper Carrier Day is t thank ne’s newspaper carrier by 79 (bring) them a cup f ht cffee t warm their hands and their hearts. Peple als give them a tip t thank them 80 their service.
【09】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Tea is said t be first discvered and drunk in China. As the hmetwn f tea, China wns a prfund tea culture frm ancient times. Fr Chinese peple, it is a ppular drink with many health 81 (benefit).
Tday, China still accunts 82 abut 60% f tea plantatins in the wrld. Chinese peple are believed 83 (enjy) tea drinking fr mre than 4,000 years. Fr a lng time, tea was used as herbal medicine. The 84 (early) recrd abut tea as a drink appeared in the Western Han Dynasty. Chinese tea culture wn 85 (ppular) during the Tang Dynasty because f a famus persn, Lu Yu. The Classic f Tea 86 (write) by him is a tea encyclpedia(百科全書), 87 is all abut tea, such as grwth areas fr tea trees, wares and skills fr prcessing and tasting f tea, and the histry f Chinese tea.
Als, in this perid, tea seeds 88 (take) t Japan. In the Sng Dynasty, Arabic merchants imprted tea frm China. Tea was sld t Sutheast Asian and Suth African cuntries in the Ming Dynasty. In 1610, it went t Eurpe in a Dutch merchant ship. And tea 89 (eventual) became an internatinal drink.
Making tea, smelling tea and appreciating tea 90 (be) nt nly the tea ceremny but als a traditinal Chinese culture.
【10】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 91 (gd) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes yu feel better and it’s als gd 92 yur relatinships. Laughter brings peple clser, and is a 93 (pwer) tl fr making yu relax when feelings are running high. Whether with yur friends and family, r c-wrkers, yu can learn t use humr 94 (slve) disagreements, lwer everyne’s stress levels, and cmmunicate in a way that deepens the relatinships.
Humr plays 95 imprtant rle in all kinds f relatinships. In new relatinships, humr can be a useful tl nt just fr attracting the ther persn but als fr getting ver any awkwardness (尷尬) 96 (arise) when we get t knw each ther. In ld relatinships, humr can keep things mre exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure f humr 97 (create) a sense f clseness and cnnectin between tw peple— 98 (quality) that are signs f strng and successful relatinships. When yu laugh with ne anther, yu create a psitive relatinship between yu, 99 acts as a strng buffer (緩沖劑) against stress, disagreements and disappintments in yur relatinship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing smene laugh ften makes yu smile 100 (happy) and jin in the fun.