2022-2023學(xué)年寧夏石嘴山市重點中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷

這是一份2022-2023學(xué)年寧夏石嘴山市重點中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷，共23頁。試卷主要包含了閱讀理解，閱讀七選五，完形填空，語法填空，短文改錯，書面表達等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
?2022-2023學(xué)年寧夏石嘴山市重點中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）
A
The library is the heart of a university——its collections，services，and study spaces are central to every student's educational journey.Let's take a look at some famous university libraries around the world.
Magdalen College Old Library
Oxford University is famous for its academic programs，but it's also known for its outstanding libraries that are said to include more than 11 million books.The Old Library at Magdalen College is the crown jewel of the university's library system.It contains more than 20，000 rare books and manuscripts.Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.
TU Delft Library
The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997，which has more than 862，000 books，16，000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.But it will only take a glance to be attracted，as it is a sight to remember.The building itself exists beneath the ground，so you can't really see the actual library.What makes it interesting is the roof，which is a grassy hill.
Trinity College Library
The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland，founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I.It contains more than 200，000 of the library's oldest books.Treasures of the library's extensive collection include a rare copy of the 1916 proclamation of the Irish Republic and a beautiful 15th century harp （豎琴）.
Joe and Rika Mansueto Library
Opened in 2011，the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library at the University of Chicago is designed with a grand glass roof，perfect for staring out when you are tired.The library can hold around 3.5 million volumes through its underground automatic storage and retrieval system.If you are not already impressed，the librarians，robotic cranes，will knock your socks off.They can locate and bring you any book within an average time of 3 minutes.
1. What do Magdalen College Old Library& Trinity College Library have in common？ ______
A. Both house stringed instruments.
B. Both feature attractive designs.
C. Both boast numerous ancient books.
D. Both gain recognition as crown jewels.
2. Which library possesses its own museum？ ______
A. TU Delft Library. B. Trinity College Library.
C. Magdalen College Old Library. D. Joe and Rika Mansueto Library.
3. What may impress you most in Joe and Rika Mansueto Library？ ______
A. The glass roof. B. The volume of books.
C. The storage system. D. The robotic librarians.
B
The TV series，The Longest Day in Chang'an，which was shown on Chinese online platforms，became a hit soon.Since then，it has been shown on partnering streaming platforms and TV networks abroad.Some websites overseas also offered the program to their users paying for it--the first time a Chinese series was broadcast as paid content abroad.
"I was amazed by the overseas audience's love of this show，" Cao Dun，director of The Longest Day in Chang'an，told Beijing Review. "I was worried that they wouldn't understand the complex political structure of the Tang Dynasty.But in fact，the show is foreign audiences to research the history of the Tang Dynasty to better understand the plot."
The unique culture in ancient China is no a barrier but a bridge to connect with foreign audiences.In the TV series，every figure is given enough space to flesh out his or her character.
Telling stories of the ordinary Chinese people that resonate（引起共鳴）with the audience might be the way to communicate with the world."The success of the TV series shows that beauty is a universal language crossing borders，" he told Beijing Review.
His ambition is to distinguish Chinese dramas from the TV shows in the rest of the world."The TV series is a step in my plan to tell Chinese stories to the world，" Cao said."After describing the impressive beauty of the Tang dynasty，I am looking for several plays that tell stories of today's China.I don't want to copy any country's production.Chinese dramas have to build on our rich culture and Chinese people's everyday life." Cao added.
4. What do we know about the TV series？ ______
A. It can be appreciated for free.
B. It was very popular once it was shown.
C. It was put on overseas when first released.
D. It is about the development of the Tang dynasty.
5. What does the underlined word "prompting" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______
A. Requiring. B. Reminding. C. Encouraging. D. Informing.
6. What contributed to the TV series' success？ ______
A. Recognition of beauty. B. Stories of Tang Dynasty.
C. Diversity of Chinese culture. D. Personalities of every figure.
7. What is the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Learn the Ancient Political Structure
B. Make a Successful TV Series is Easy
C. Show Different Nationalities in China
D. Tell Chinese Stories to the World
C
With researchers suggesting that sitting is the new smoking，sit-stand desks（SSD） have become a common tool to interrupt long sitting in an office or classroom environment.As this furniture becomes popular，conflicting opinions have arisen on whether they can work as successfully as they are intended.Dr.April Chambers from the University of Pittsburgh worked with teammates to gather data from 3 studies and published a review article listing present information on the benefits of SSDs.
"There has been a great deal of scientific research about sit-stand desks in the past few years，but we have only scratched the surface of this topic，"said Chambers.I want to gather what we've known so far to figure out how we can use these desks to better benefit people in the workplace.
This work was done with Dr.Nancy A.Baker from Tufts University.The review examines the effects of a sit-stand desk in the following aspects：behavior，physiological（生理的），work performance，psychological，discomfort，and posture.Their work showed that using an SSD effectively got participants to sit less and stand more and that the device made users more comfortable at work.However，many frustrations（沮喪） with SSDs came from the physiological outcomes.According to the review，physiological effects were the most studied，but there were no significant results with regards to fatness.
There are many considerations about using an SSD most effectively，such as desk height，monitor height，and the amount of time to stand.Chambers believes that the overall arrangement of the workplace or study place and the amount of work are two factors that should be further studied.
Chambers noted that present research is limited because many of the studies were done with young and healthy subjects who were asked to use the desk for a week or a month at most.Since some of the significant benefits are with heart health or muscle discomfort，it may be beneficial to perform additional studies with middle-aged or overweight workers.
8. The arguments about SSDs mainly lie in ______ .
A. their side effects B. their popularity
C. their practical results D. their original intentions
9. Why did Chambers publish the article？ ______
A. To call on people to stand more.
B. To suggest ways to better use SSDs.
C. To contradict the existing opinions.
D. To find out the drawbacks of SSDs.
10. What's the researchers' attitude to SSDs' physiological result？ ______
A. Disappointed. B. Content. C. Positive. D. Indifferent.
11. What needs to be further examined according to Chambers？ ______
A. The height of the desk and the monitor.
B. The time people spend in standing.
C. Behavior and psychological aspects.
D. A broader range of the participants.
D
If you have gone to the cinema and watched the popular movie "The Wandering Earth II" recently，you might be impressed by the intelligent computer MOSS.It can make the reasonable decision in the shortest time based on the given conditions.In fact，such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for the time being.
However，weaker AI，which replaces human processing in a specific field，has already influenced our daily life.For example，OpenAI，the San Francisco-based startup opened up the language model ChatGPT for public testing in November 2022.Compared with traditional search engines，which display simple results according to searching keywords，ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing，answer professional questions，and also answer follow-up questions.Thanks to its revolutionary user experience，ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after its release.
More than a Chatbot，ChatGPT can also realize article creation，code generating and other functions only by requesting.ChatGPT can even write code such as Python，debug （排錯）code and generate comments for code just like a professional programmer.It also presented strong capacity in content continuation，literary creation，music creation，etc.It is so powerful that New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.
However，ChatGPT is still far from perfect.Even OpenAI's CEO once said， "It's a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now.It's a preview of progress.We have lots of work to do on robustness（穩(wěn)健性）and truthfulness."
Even though AI like ChatGPT still has a long way to go，predictions about how the technology will influence our society are already there.Among the industries that may be most affected by ChatGPT，experts say，are journalism，law and translation.
12. Why is the movie "The Wandering Earth II" mentioned in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To introduce the topic of the text.
B. To prove that the movie is a hit.
C. To show how intelligent MOSS is.
D. To advertise the movie.
13. Which statement about ChatGPT will the author probably agree with？ ______
A. It's well-received for its truthfulness.
B. It can just display simple results content.
C. It should be banned from all school networks.
D. It makes human-machine interaction more intelligent.
14. What does the OpenAI's CEO think of ChatGPT？ ______
A. It's totally reliable. B. It needs improving.
C. It's of no use. D. It should speed up its progress.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. ChatGPT Works B. ChatGPT Sells Well
C. AI Takes Over D. Moss Beats ChatGPT

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）
Push yourselves beyond the limits
Limits are blocks between you and your success.You will face great resistance when attempting to break through the limits.It could be fear，lack of confidence，physical disabilities，and mental block.If you desire a life of success，you must face the resistance and push yourself beyond the limits. （1） ______ Here are tips for you to succeed.
（ 2） ______ Don't wait for external motivation to make the first move.Discover your inner motivation!It could be a motivational video，articles，TED Talks，or quotes.Ensure it is something that fills you with passion and drive to get things done.Inspiration can push you forward.
Take on a little more than you think you can.Pushing past your limits means taking on newer，harder challenges.If you're not challenging yourself to do bigger and better things regularly，you're only working within what you already can do.（3） ______
Work on your goals a little each day.Chances are great that you need to build your empire brick by brick.That takes time and regular effort. （4） ______ That is，there is not a day that you don't work on your big goals，at least a little bit.It can be fifteen minutes dedicated to doing one small thing that will get you closer to that big thing you want to accomplish.
Find someone who supports you and encourages you to keep going. （5） ______ Having someone to support you can balance out the impact of any negative thinking that may limit you.It could be a life coach，friend，parent，or your wife or husband.They can help you make the push you need to get out of your comfort zone.

A.Inspire yourself.
B.Rome wasn't built in a day.
C.Discover where your passion lies.
D.A bit of assistance means much in facing resistance.
E.One good way is to adopt the approach of "No Zero Days".
F.Failure to do so will make your goals and dreams unrealizable.
G.That's a way to stay exactly where you are and make little or no progress.
16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）
A back injury drove Briton Rose Oliver to tai chi，which led her to her husband and then took both of them to China.Twenty years ago，Oliver's back injury（1） ______ her childhood dream of becoming a ballet dancer.But the injury did（2） ______ her to tai chi，a martial art （3） ______ practiced in slow motion.Her initial hope was to improve her（4） ______ ， however，it turned out to bring her more.She later married her （5） ______ ，Rey Nelson，who taught her how to play tai chi，and founded a school with him，（6） ______ the martial art to more than 10，000 students over eight years.
In 2000，the couple moved to Shanghai.They taught （7） ______ in universities and happily（8） ______ tai chi under various masters to enhance their skills in playing.After years of practice，Oliver found her occasional （9） ______ had disappeared amazingly.But her greatest pain（10） ______ when her husband died in 2003，leaving her alone to follow their（11） ______ passion for tai chi.She thought of （12） ______ .But she finally determined to carry on to（13） ______ her husband.
With the（14） ______ of her tai chi "family" - the masters and students，Oliver spent her time outside tai chi teaching English as she did before and （15） ______ cultural -exchange events.She founded the Double Dragon Alliance，which（16） ______ Chinese kungfu masters to teach martial arts to westerners and organizes seminars and events for them to （17） ______ Chinese massage，acupuncture，traditional medicine，and calligraphy.
Because of her （18） ______ to cultural exchange，Oliver was given the Shanghai Magnolia Award，an award given to foreigners who have made （19） ______ contributions to the city.And she has been officially （20） ______ as a Member of the Order of the British Empire by Britain's Queen ElizabethⅡ- one of the highest honors to a citizen.
21. ?A. realized B. destroyed C. promoted D. decreased
22. ?A. limit B. cheat C. lead D. devote
23. ?A. typically B. rarely C. immediately D. simply
24. ?A. figure B. appetite C. appearance D. health
25. ?A. instructor B. colleague C. supervisor D. classmate
26. ?A. supplying B. explaining C. guaranteeing D. teaching
27. ?A. sports B. language C. music D. art
28. ?A. watched B. suspected C. learnt D. accepted
29. ?A. backaches B. headaches C. toothaches D. stomachaches
30. ?A. strengthened B. faded C. came D. worsened
31. ?A. previous B. separate C. shared D. temporary
32. ?A. coming off B. standing up C. turning away D. giving up
33. ?A. honor B. accompany C. comfort D. understand
34. ?A. influence B. support C. education D. agreement
35. ?A. collecting B. attending C. analyzing D. covering
36. ?A. enables B. orders C. promises D. reminds
37. ?A. exchange B. experience C. sponsor D. explore
38. ?A. inspiration B. suggestion C. adaptation D. contribution
39. ?A. natural B. professional C. significant D. hopeful
40. ?A. required B. celebrated C. respected D. announced
四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）
41. 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Gao Tingyu thrilled the home crowd by becoming the first Chinese man to claim an Olympic gold medal in speed skating，（ 1） ______ （win） the 500 meters on Saturday.
"Gao has conducted （2） ______ excitingly fast and excellent performance at the Speed Skating Oval.And the March of the Volunteers will be played again inside the stadium." said the message from the General Administration of Sport shortly （3） ______ the competition.This was also the fourth gold medal for Team China at the Beijing Olympic Winter Games （4） ______ the first Olympic gold in the country's speed skating history.
In 2018，the （5） ______ （high） potential Gao already got a bronze medal at Pyeongchang Olympics in South Korea，as he said after the win in Pyeongchang： "I feel like that my capacity has reached the point （6） ______ I can compete for Olympic medals.As long as I'm in a stable state of mind，I think for me the opponent is only （7） ______ （I）."
Ever since he （8） ______ （admit） into China's speed skating team in 2015，Gao has won championships in （9） ______ （compete） that were held home and abroad.He has suffered from severe back injuries and had an eight-month break before competing in the China Speed Skating Championship in 2021.
Gao was also the （10） ______ （nation） flag bearer at the opening ceremony of Beijing 2022 on February 4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改錯（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）
42. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處.每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉.
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分.
Our school is planning to offer us a cooking course，to whom students have different attitudes.In my opinions，the cooking course is beneficial but enjoyable.There are a few advantages of attending them.For example，we can learn from a very useful skill to help ourselves not only live independent but also take care of our parents.Besides，taking this course was a way to make us feel relaxing and enrich our school life.To make this course great success，our school should tell us how to cook safely to avoid get hurt while we are practicing cooking.
六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）
43. 環(huán)境問題影響著人們的工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活，而我們的工作和生活又使環(huán)境問題越來越嚴(yán)重，假如你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會主席李津，準(zhǔn)備以"What Can We Do for the Environment in Our School" 為題，寫一篇保護環(huán)境的英語演講稿，號召同學(xué)們從我做起，從身邊小事做起，共同保護環(huán)境。
（1）簡述學(xué)校內(nèi)存在的環(huán)境問題；
（2）可以采取的措施；（至少寫出兩點措施或建議）
（3）提出倡議。
注意：詞數(shù) 100 左右；可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
What Can We Do for the Environment in Our SchoolHello，everyone.______
Thank you for your listening.
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Magdalen College Old Library下的段落中It contains more than 20，000 rare books and manuscripts.Nearly all of these volumes were published before 1800.（里面有2萬多本珍本書籍和手稿。幾乎所有這些卷書都是在1800年以前出版的）以及小標(biāo)題Trinity College Library下的段落中The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland，founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I.It contains more than 200，000?of the library's oldest books.（都柏林的三一學(xué)院圖書館是愛爾蘭最古老的圖書館，由伊麗莎白女王一世于1592年建立。它收藏了20多萬本圖書館最古老的書籍）可知，Magdalen College Old Library和Trinity College Library的共同之處是兩者都擁有大量的古籍。故選C項。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題TU?Delft?Library下的段落中The?library?at?the?Delft?University?of?Technology?was?constructed?in?1997，which?has?more?than?862，000?books，16，000?magazine?subscriptions?and?its?own?museum.（代爾夫特理工大學(xué)的圖書館建于1997年，擁有超過86.2萬冊圖書，1.6萬份雜志訂閱和自己的博物館）可知，TU?Delft?Library有自己的博物館。故選A項。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Joe?and?Rika?Mansueto?Library下的段落中If?you?are?not?already?impressed，the?librarians，robotic?cranes，will?knock?your?socks?off.They?can?locate?and?bring?you?any?book?within?an?average?time?of?3?minutes.（如果你還沒有印象深刻，圖書管理員，機器人起重機，會讓你大吃一驚。他們可以在平均3分鐘內(nèi)找到并給你帶來任何一本書）可知，Joe?and?Rika?Mansueto圖書館給你印象最深的是機器人圖書管理員。A．The?glass?roof.玻璃屋頂；B．The?volume?of?books.書籍的數(shù)量；C．The?storage?system.存儲系統(tǒng)；D．The?robotic?librarians.機器人圖書管理員。故選D項。
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了世界上一些著名的大學(xué)圖書館。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。
　　閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。
　　首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。
　　在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。
　　猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句The TV series，The Longest Day in Chang an，which was shown on Chinese online platforms，became a hit soon.（在中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺上播出的電視劇《長安最長的一天》很快成為了熱門。）可知，這部電視劇一經(jīng)播出就大受歡迎。故選B。
（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的to better understand the plot（為了更好地理解劇情）可知，此處表示"鼓勵外國觀眾研究唐代歷史"，所以劃線詞prompting意為"鼓勵"。Requiring.需要；B.Reminding.提醒；C.Encouraging.鼓勵；D.Informing.告知。劃線詞與Encouraging同義。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的The success of the TV series shows that beauty is a universal language crossing borders（這部電視劇的成功表明，美是一種跨越國界的通用語言）可推知，對美的認(rèn)可促成了這部電視劇的成功。故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題概括題。閱讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段第一句The TV series，The Longest Day in Chang an，which was shown on Chinese online platforms，became a hit soon.（在中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺上播出的電視劇《長安最長的一天》很快成為了熱門），倒數(shù)第二段第一句Telling stories of the ordinary Chinese people that resonate（寫引起共鳴）with the audience might be the way to communicate with the world.（講述普通中國人的故事，引起觀眾的共鳴，可能是與世界交流的方式），最后一段第二句中的The TV series is a step in my plan to tell Chinese stories to the world（這部電視劇是我向世界講述中國故事計劃的一步）和最后一句中的After describing the impressive beauty of the Tang dynasty，I am looking for several plays that tells tories of today's China.（在描述了唐朝令人印象深刻的美麗之后，我正在尋找?guī)撞恐v述當(dāng)今中國故事的戲?。┛芍?，文章主要介紹的是通過電視劇向世界講述中國的故事，所以選項D"向世界講述中國故事"為文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。
本文是一篇說明文。在中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺上播出的電視劇《長安最長的一天》很快成為熱門，并大受海外觀眾的喜愛，促使他們研究唐代的歷史。這部電視劇是向世界講述中國故事計劃中的一步。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段As this furniture becomes popular，conflicting opinions have arisen on whether they can work as successfully as they are intended.（隨著這種家具越來越受歡迎，關(guān)于它們是否能如預(yù)期那樣成功，出現(xiàn)了相互矛盾的意見。）可知，關(guān)于SSD的爭論主要集中在它們的實際結(jié)果上。故選C。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Dr.April Chambers from the University of Pittsburgh worked with teammates to gather data from 3 studies and published a review article listing present information on the benefits of SSDs.（匹茲堡大學(xué)的April Chambers博士與隊友一起收集了3項研究的數(shù)據(jù)，并發(fā)表了一篇綜述文章，列出了目前關(guān)于 SSDs的好處的信息。）可知，錢伯斯發(fā)表這篇文章是為了建議更好地使用SSD的方法。故選B。
（3）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段However，many frustrations （沮喪） with SSDs came from the physiological outcomes.According to the review，physiological effects were the most studied，but there were no significant results with regards to fatness.（然而，許多關(guān)于SSDs的挫折來自于生理結(jié)果。根據(jù)這篇綜述，生理影響是研究最多的，但關(guān)于肥胖沒有顯著的結(jié)果。）可知，研究人員對SSDs的生理結(jié)果持失望的態(tài)度。故選A。
（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Chambers noted that present research is limited because many of the studies were done with young and healthy subjects who were asked to use the desk for a week or a month at most.（Chambers 指出，目前的研究是有限的，因為許多研究是在年輕和健康的受試者中進行的，這些受試者被要求使用辦公桌一周或最多一個月。）可知，錢伯斯認(rèn)為，需要進一步研究更廣泛的參與者。故選D。
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員表示，久坐相當(dāng)于吸煙，坐立兩用桌（SSD）已經(jīng)成為辦公室或教室中打斷長時間坐著的常用工具。匹茲堡大學(xué)的April Chambers博士與隊友一起收集了3項研究的數(shù)據(jù)，并發(fā)表了一篇綜述文章，列出了目前關(guān)于SSDs的好處的信息。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

12~15.【答案】A、D、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段If?you?have?gone?to?the?cinema?and?watched?the?popular?movie?"The?Wandering?Earth?II"???recently，you?might?be?impressed?by?the?intelligent?computer?MOSS.It?can?make?the?reasonable?decision?in?the?shortest?time?based?on?the?given?conditions.In?fact，such?strong?AI?like?MOSS?does?not?exist?in?reality?for?the?time?being.?（如果你最近去電影院看了熱門電影《流浪地球2》，你可能會對智能電腦MOSS印象深刻。它可以根據(jù)給定的條件在最短的時間內(nèi)做出合理的決策。事實上，像?MOSS?這樣強大的?AI，現(xiàn)實中暫時并不存在。）和第二段首句However，weaker?AI，which?replaces?human?processing?in?a?specific?field，has?already?influenced?our?daily?life.?（但是，在特定領(lǐng)域取代人類處理的弱人工智能已經(jīng)影響了我們的日常生活。）?可知作者提及電影《流浪地球》是為了引出文章的主題"人工智能"。A．To?introduce?the?topic?of?the?text.介紹課文的主題；B．To?prove?that?the?movie?is?a?hit.來證明這部電影是成功的；C．To?show?how?intelligent?MOSS?is.來展示莫斯有多聰明；D．To?advertise?the?movie.為這部電影做廣告。故答案選A。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Compared with traditional search engines，which display simple results according to searching keywords，ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing，answer professional questions，and also answer follow-up questions. （與傳統(tǒng)搜索引擎根據(jù)搜索關(guān)鍵詞顯示簡單結(jié)果相比，ChatGPT可以像對話一樣與人互動，回答專業(yè)問題，也可以回答后續(xù)問題。）可知 ChatGPT 可使人機交互更智能。故答案選D。
（3）觀點態(tài)度題。由第四段中的We have lots of work to do on robustness （穩(wěn)健性） and truthfulness.（我們在穩(wěn)健性和真實性方面還有很多工作要做。"）可知， OpenAI's CEO 認(rèn)為 ChatGPT 還需要提升。故答案選B。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段的Compared with traditional search engines，which display simple results according to searching keywords，ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing，answer professional questions，and also answer follow-up questions.（與傳統(tǒng)搜索引擎根據(jù)搜索關(guān)鍵詞顯示簡單結(jié)果相比，ChatGPT可以像對話一樣與人互動，回答專業(yè)問題，也可以回答后續(xù)問題。），第三段的More than a Chatbot，ChatGPT can also realize article creation，code generating and other functions only by requesting.（ChatGPT不僅僅是一個聊天機器人，它還可以通過請求來實現(xiàn)文章創(chuàng)建、代碼生成等功能。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要通過對比 ChatGPT 與其他智能，講述盡管它還不完善，但是功能強大，起到很好的作用，表達了對其未來的期許，肯定了 ChatGPT 的作用和影響。因此推斷A項"ChatGPT起作用"為最佳標(biāo)題。故答案選A。
本文是一篇說明文。通過分析人工智能，尤其是?ChatGPT?的利與弊，表達了對其未來的期許。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。
　　閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。
　　首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。
　　在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。
　　猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

16~20.【答案】F、A、G、E、D
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前If?you?desire?a?life?of?success，you?must?face?the?resistance?and?push?yourself?beyond?the?limits.（如果你渴望成功的生活，你必須面對阻力，推動自己超越極限。）可知，如果想要成功，一個人就得超越極限。所以"F.Failure?to?do?so?will?make?your?goals?and?dreams?unrealizable.（如果做不到這一點，你的目標(biāo)和夢想就無法實現(xiàn)。）"與上文內(nèi)容一致，也就是說一個人只有超越極限才能成功。故選F。
（2）標(biāo)題歸納題?？仗帪槎问拙洌瑸楸径沃髦季?。根據(jù)下文Don't?wait?for?external?motivation?to?make?the?first?move.Discover?your?inner?motivation!It?could?be?a?motivational?video，articles，TED?Talks，or?quotes.Ensure?it?is?something?that?fills?you?with?passion?and?drive?to?get?things?done.Inspiration?can?push?you?forward.?（不要等到外界的激勵，才主動出擊。發(fā)現(xiàn)你內(nèi)心的動力！可以是勵志視頻、文章、TED演講或名言。確保它能讓你充滿激情，有動力把事情做好。靈感可以推動你前進。）可知，本段主要建議讀者要激勵自己，以獲得成功。所以"A.激勵自己。"與下文內(nèi)容一致，可以作為主旨句。故選A。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Pushing?past?your?limits?means?taking?on?newer，harder?challenges.If?you're?not?challenging?yourself?to?do?bigger?and?better?things?regularly，you're?only?working?within?what?you?already?can?do.（突破自己的極限意味著接受更新、更難的挑戰(zhàn)。如果你不經(jīng)常挑戰(zhàn)自己去做更大更好的事情，你只是在你已經(jīng)能做的范圍內(nèi)工作。）可知，上文指出不挑戰(zhàn)自己做更大更好的事情，你就不會有進步。所以"G.這是一種原地踏步，幾乎沒有進步的方法。"是對上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。故選G。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文That?is，there?is?not?a?day?that?you?don't?work?on?your?big?goals，at?least?a?little?bit.It?can?be?fifteen?minutes?dedicated?to?doing?one?small?thing?that?will?get?you?closer?to?that?big?thing?you?want?to?accomplish.（也就是說，沒有一天你不為你的大目標(biāo)而努力，至少是一點點。你可以花15分鐘做一件小事，讓你更接近你想要完成的大事情。）可知，空處指的是每天都要努力，哪怕只是一點點。所以"E.一個好方法是采用"無零日"的方法。"與下文內(nèi)容一致，建議讀者每天都要努力。故選E。
（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Having?someone?to?support?you?can?balance?out?the?impact?of?any?negative?thinking?that?may?limit?you.It?could?be?a?life?coach，friend，parent，or?your?wife?or?husband.They?can?help?you?make?the?push?you?need?to?get?out?of?your?comfort?zone.（有人支持你可以抵消任何可能限制你的消極思想的影響。可以是人生導(dǎo)師，朋友，父母，或者你的妻子或丈夫。他們可以幫助你走出你的舒適區(qū)。）可知，作者認(rèn)為在面對困難時，如果身邊有人幫助你，你將會更好地前進。所以"D.在面對阻力時，一點幫助很重要。"與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選D。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法能夠幫助讀者超越自己的極限，并最終取得成功。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~40.【答案】B、C、A、D、A、D、B、C、A、C、C、D、A、B、B、A、B、D、C、D
【解析】（1）B．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．realized?意識到；B．destroyed??破壞；C．promoted晉級，升職；D．decreased 減少，降低；句意：Oliver?背部受傷使她兒時成為芭蕾舞者的夢想破滅．"夢想的破滅"用動詞destroy．故答案為B．
（2）C．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．limit 限制；B．cheat?欺騙；C．lead導(dǎo)致；D．devote致力于；句意：但這次受傷卻使她開始練習(xí)太極（一種慢動作的武術(shù)運動），lead to指"將某人帶入，引進"，這從文章第一句也能得到提示．故答案為C．
（3）A．考查副詞以及語境理解．A．typically典型地；B．rarely??稀有地；C．immediately?立即；D．simply僅僅；句意：太極是一種典型的慢動作的武術(shù)運動，所以應(yīng)該用typically．故答案為A．
（4）D．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．figure數(shù)字，身材；B．a(chǎn)ppetite胃口；C．a(chǎn)ppearance?外表；D．health健康；句意：她最初是希望增進健康．她是因為背部傷痛才走向太極的，所以最初的目的肯定是希望增進健康．health符合句意．故答案為D．
（5）A．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．instructor?教練；導(dǎo)師；B．colleague??同事；C．supervisor??監(jiān)督人；指導(dǎo)者；D．classmate同學(xué)；句意：不久之后，她同自己的教練Rey?Nelson結(jié)婚．從后面的who taught her??how?to?play?tai?chi可以看出是"老師，教練"．故答案為A．
（6）D．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．supplying??提供；B．explaining?解釋；C．guaranteeing?保證；D．teaching 教；句意：她跟自己的教練結(jié)婚，并共同創(chuàng)辦一所學(xué)校，在8年多的時間里向1萬多名學(xué)生教授太極．作為學(xué)校，應(yīng)該是教授或者是教育傳播太極．A、B、C的詞都不合適．故答案為D．
（7）B．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．sports?運動；B．language 語言；C．music? 音樂；D．a(chǎn)rt藝術(shù)；句意：他們一邊在大學(xué)教英語一邊跟著多個高手學(xué)習(xí)太極．這一題的答案從后文Oliver spent her time outside tai chi? teaching?English?as?she?did?before?能得出他們是在教語言．故答案為B．
（8）C．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．watched?觀看；B．suspected?懷疑；C．learnt 學(xué)習(xí)；D．a(chǎn)ccepted 接受；句意：他們一邊在大學(xué)教英語一邊跟著多個高手學(xué)習(xí)太極．根據(jù)上下文可知，他們是"學(xué)習(xí)太極"．故答案為C．
（9）A．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．backaches?背痛；B．headaches? 頭痛；C．toothaches牙痛；D．stomachaches 胃痛；句意：經(jīng)過數(shù)年的練習(xí)，Oliver發(fā)現(xiàn)她經(jīng)常性的背痛消失了．這里結(jié)合第一段第一句話中的"A?back?injury?"可知答案是backaches．故答案為A．
（10）C．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．strengthened??加強；B．faded（使）變淡，變暗； C．came來到；到達；D．worsened（使）變得更壞，變得更糟；句意：但是 2003年丈大的去世給她帶來了極大的悲痛，留下她一人去追隨他們對于太極共同的熱愛．這里的came表示痛苦的來到．故答案為C．
（11）C．考查形容詞以及語境理解．A．previous先前的；以往的；B．separate?單獨的；獨立的；C．shared共有的；D．temporary臨時的；句意：但是 2003年丈夫的去世給她帶來了極大的悲痛，留下她一人去追隨他們對于太極共同的熱愛．根據(jù)上下文可知，他們對太極的熱愛是共同的，用shared符合句意．故答案為C．
（12）D．考查動詞短語以及語境理解．A．coming off?脫落，成功做成； B．standing up?起立，支持；C．turning away拒絕…進入；D．giving up 放棄；句意：她想到了放棄，但她最終還是下定決心堅持來紀(jì)念她的丈夫．從后面的carry on可以看出此處表示放棄（ give up）．故答案為D．
（13）A．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．honor紀(jì)念，尊敬；B．a(chǎn)ccompany陪伴；C．comfort?安慰；D．understand理解；句意：她想到了放棄，但她最終還是下定決心堅持來紀(jì)念她的丈夫．結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)該用honor．故答案為A．
（14）B．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．influence影響；B．support?支持；C．education?教育；D．a(chǎn)greement同意協(xié)議；句意：在她的" 太極家族"--包括教練和學(xué)員的支持下，Oliver將她的時間花在了教英語和參加文化交流項目上．在遭受痛告的時候，身邊的人給予的應(yīng)該是支持．而非"影響"，"教育"或是"認(rèn)同"．故答案為B．
（15）B．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．collecting?收集；B．a(chǎn)ttending??參加；C．a(chǎn)nalyzing?分析；D．covering 覆蓋；句意：在她的" 太極家族"--包括教練和學(xué)員的支持下，Oliver將她的時間花在了教英語和參加文化交流項目上．根據(jù)后面的exchange events可知，是參加文化交流活動，應(yīng)該用attending．故答案為B．
（16）A．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．enables?使能夠；使有機會；B．orders命令；C．promises?承諾；D．reminds 提醒；句意：Oliver建立了雙龍會，這個組織讓很多中國功夫高手向西方人傳授功夫，為這些西方人組織研討會等項目來感受推拿、針灸、中醫(yī)和書法．該enable表示"使能夠…"．符合句意．故答案為A．
（17）B．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．exchange? 交換；B．experience經(jīng)歷?，體驗；C．sponsor?贊助；D．explore 探索；根據(jù)上下文可知，Oliver組織研討會等是為了讓西方人了解或是體驗些傳統(tǒng)的中國文化事物．故答案為B．
（18）D．考查名詞以及語境理解．A．inspiration?靈感；啟發(fā)靈感的人；B．suggestion建議；C．a(chǎn)daptation適應(yīng)，改編；D．contribution貢獻；句意：因為她對文化交流的貢獻， Oliver被授予上海白玉蘭獎．從前文可知，奧利維亞為文化的交流做了很多事情，從后文也能看出是表示她的貢獻．故答案為D．
（19）C．考查形容詞以及語境理解．A．natural??自然的；B．professional?專業(yè)的；C．significant有重大意義的；D．hopeful 有希望的；根據(jù)前面的描述，用來修飾Oliver所做出的貢獻應(yīng)該用significant．故答案為C．
（20）D．考查動詞以及語境理解．A．required?需要，要求；B．celebrated?慶祝；C．respected??尊敬；D．a(chǎn)nnounced 宣布；句意：她被英國女王伊麗莎白二世正式宣布授予大英帝國榮譽勛章，這是對英國國民的最高榮譽之一．根據(jù)句意，announced符合語境．故答案為D．
本文是一篇記敘文．講述英國女子Oliver由于背部疾病，希望通過太極改善她的健康狀況．之后她迷上太極，為中西方文化交流做出了貢獻．
完形填空題是一種綜合性比較強的測試題，它把單項填空和閱讀理解等題型融為一體，它不僅考查學(xué)生對詞匯、詞組、語法、句型和常識邏輯等語言基礎(chǔ)知識的掌握情況和正確使用語法知識的能力，而且也考查學(xué)生的理解能力、推理能力、以及情景語感等方面綜合理解和運用語言的能力．
完形填空題的解題步驟：
1、通讀全文，了解大意
????? 越過空擋，通讀全文，理順題意，找出信息詞，建立語言的整體感．這是做好完型填空題的關(guān)鍵．因為完形填空題的特點是著眼于整體理解．
2、細(xì)讀首尾，推測意圖
???? 文章的首句是全文的"窗口"，尾句是文章的總結(jié)、結(jié)論或點睛之筆．這樣，通過閱讀首句和尾句，就可以了解背景知識，對于空格位置的詞語進行大膽分析和判斷，以便揣測作者的意圖，理順?biāo)悸?，為后面的答題做好鋪墊．
3、綜合考慮，瞻前顧后
????? 在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，瞻前顧后，分析這一空格處在句中的地位，前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用，認(rèn)真觀察選項，仔細(xì)推敲，確定最佳答案．
初中各年級課件教案習(xí)題匯總
4、復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案
?? 做完題目以后，要立足整體，再次通讀全文，從語法入手，檢查一下句子的時態(tài)、語法、主謂一致、代詞的性、數(shù)、格以及詞語的搭配等是否正確．若有疑問，必須根據(jù)文章的中心思想，從意義、語法的角度來仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，加以改正，彌補疏漏．

41.【答案】【小題1】winning
【小題2】an
【小題3】after
【小題4】and
【小題5】highly
【小題6】where
【小題7】myself
【小題8】was admitted
【小題9】competitions
【小題10】national
【解析】（1）考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：周六，高亭宇在500米速滑比賽中獲得金牌，成為第一位獲得奧運會速滑金牌的中國人，令國內(nèi)觀眾激動不已。句子有謂語thrilled，且前后無連詞，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語，動詞win和邏輯主語Gao Tingyu之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填winning。
（2）考查冠詞。句意：高在速滑場的表現(xiàn)非常出色，速度極快。performance意為"表現(xiàn)"時，是可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，excitingly以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an。故填an。
（3）考查介詞。句意：比賽結(jié)束后不久，體育總局發(fā)來消息說，"志愿者游行將在這個體育場內(nèi)再次舉行。"根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示"……后不久"應(yīng)用shortly after。故填after。
（4）考查連詞。句意：這也是中國隊在北京冬奧會上獲得的第四枚金牌，也是中國速滑歷史上的第一枚奧運金牌。"the fourth gold medal for Team China at the Beijing Olympic Winter Games"和"the first Olympic gold in the country's speed skating history"是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用并列連詞and。故填and。
（5）考查副詞。句意：2018年，極具潛力的高亭宇已經(jīng)在韓國平昌奧運會上獲得了一枚銅牌，他在平昌奧運會上獲勝后說："我覺得我的能力已經(jīng)達到了可以參加奧運會獎牌競爭的地步。"分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處修飾形容詞potential，應(yīng)用副詞，high的副詞形式是highly。故填highly。
（6）考查定語從句。句意：2018年，極具潛力的高亭宇已經(jīng)在韓國平昌奧運會上獲得了一枚銅牌，他在平昌奧運會上獲勝后說："我覺得我的能力已經(jīng)達到了可以參加奧運會獎牌競爭的地步。"此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是抽象地點名詞point，且從句中缺少地點狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，故填where。
（7）考查代詞。句意：只要我的心態(tài)穩(wěn)定，我認(rèn)為對手只是我自己。此處表示"我自己"應(yīng)用反身代詞myself作表語，故填myself。
（8）考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：自從2015年加入中國速滑隊以來，高亭宇已經(jīng)在國內(nèi)外的比賽中多次贏得了冠軍。此處在since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中作謂語，從句表示過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語he和動詞admit之間是被動關(guān)系，主語he是單數(shù)。故填was admitted。
（9）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：自2015年進入中國速滑隊以來，高亭宇在國內(nèi)外的比賽中都獲得了冠軍。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是介詞，所以此處應(yīng)填名詞，compete的名詞形式是competition，根據(jù)其后的定語從句that are held home and abroad可知，此處表示不止一場比賽，應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填competitions。
（10）考查形容詞。句意：2月4日，高亭宇還擔(dān)任了北京2022年冬奧會開幕式的旗手。flag是名詞，前面需要形容詞來修飾，national flag表示"國旗"。故填national。
本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了高亭宇在奧運會速滑500米決賽中奪冠，成為第一位獲得奧運會速滑金牌的中國男子，并介紹了他以往的個人事跡。
語法填空考查學(xué)生英語綜合知識的運用，做題時要首先明確短文大意，從詞語搭配，固定句型，語法，時態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境找出正確答案。

42.【答案】Our?school?is?planning?to?offer?us?a?cooking?course，to ?whom?students?have?different?attitudes．In?my? opinions，the?cooking?course?is?beneficial? but?enjoyable．There?are?a?few?advantages?of?attending? them．For?example，we?can?learn?from?a?very?useful?skill?to?help?ourselves?not?only?live ?independent?but?also?take?care?of?our?parents．Besides，taking?this?course? was?a?way?to?make?us?feel? relaxing?and?enrich?our?school?life．To?make?this?course?∧great?success，our?school?should?tell?us?how?to?cook?safely?to?avoid? get?hurt?while?we?are?practicing?cooking．
詳解：
1．whom改為which．考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞．句意：我們學(xué)校正計劃開設(shè)一門烹飪課程，學(xué)生對這門課程的態(tài)度各不相同．此處為"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞a cooking course是表達物的名詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which，故將whom改為which．
2．opinions改為opinion．考查名詞的數(shù)，句意：在我看來，烹飪課程是有益而且愉快的．in one's opinion在某人看來、根據(jù)某人的看法，固定表達，故將opinions改為opinion．
3．but改為and．考查連詞．句意：在我看來，烹飪課程是有益而且愉快的．beneficial和enjoyable兩個形容詞是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and連接．故將but改為and．
4．them改為it．考查代詞．句意：參加烹飪課程有一些好處．此處代指前面名詞the?cooking?course，單數(shù)概念，應(yīng)用代詞it的賓格，故將them改為it．
5．去掉from．考查及物動詞．句意：例如，我們可以學(xué)到一項非常有用的技能，幫助我們不僅獨立生活，而且照顧我們的父母．learn from"從某個地方或者人那里學(xué)到知識"，此處learn是及物動詞，其賓語是a?very?useful?skill?，不需要介詞from．故去掉from．
6．independent改為independently．考查副詞．句意：例如，我們可以學(xué)到一項非常有用的技能，幫助我們不僅獨立生活，而且照顧我們的父母．此處作狀語修飾動詞live，應(yīng)用副詞independently．故將independent改為independently．
7．was改為is．考查時態(tài)．句意：此外，參加這門課程是讓我們感到放松和豐富我們的學(xué)校生活的一種方式．本文整體時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時，結(jié)合前后時態(tài)信息，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時講述客觀事實，故將was改為is．
8．relaxing改為relaxed．考查形容詞．句意：此外，參加這門課程是讓我們感到放松和豐富我們的學(xué)校生活的一種方式．形容詞relaxing的含義是"令人放松的"，表達事物本身所具有的性質(zhì)或特征；此處表示人對事物的感受，應(yīng)用形容詞relaxed．故將relaxing改為relaxed．
9．great前加a．考查冠詞．句意：為了使這門課取得成功，我們學(xué)校應(yīng)該告訴我們?nèi)绾伟踩腼儯员苊庠谖覀兙毩?xí)烹飪時受傷．此處名詞success指"一件成功的事情"，前面需要加不定冠詞a．故在great前加a．
10．get改為getting．考查動名詞．句意：為了使這門課取得成功，我們學(xué)校應(yīng)該告訴我們?nèi)绾伟踩腼儯员苊庠谖覀兙毩?xí)烹飪時受傷．動詞avoid后面接動名詞作賓語，avoid doing sth．避免做某事，故將get改為getting．
【解析】本文為議論文．作者就他們學(xué)校計劃開設(shè)一門烹飪課程表達了自己的看法．
短文改錯要求學(xué)生熟練掌握重要詞類的功能用法，熟悉相關(guān)詞類的容易考點，注意語法知識點考查，如人稱代詞，從句的引導(dǎo)詞，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，對全文時態(tài)的把握，固定詞語搭配以及習(xí)慣用語等情況．

43.【答案】What Can We Do for the Environment in Our School?Hello，everyone，
Recently，I find that there are some problems in our school.For example，more and more students don't care about the environment so they throw plastic bags everywhere.It is convenient for them to put rubbish in the garbage bin. 【高分句型一】But they don't do as they should do.（簡述學(xué)校內(nèi)存在的環(huán)境問題）
What's worse，they always trample on the lawn loosely and carelessly.We should create a healthy，harmonious，stimulating environment，so that the students in the good environment are influenced by the environment. 【高分句型二】On the other hand，we should help establish correct world outlook，outlook on life and values，so that everyone can volunteer to protect the environment.（可以采取的措施）
I call on students to jointly protect the environment.（提出倡議）
Thank you for your listening.（感謝）
【解析】高分句型一：It is convenient for them to put rubbish in the garbage bin.
譯文：他們把垃圾放進垃圾箱很方便。
分析：這句話使用了it作為形式主語，不定式內(nèi)容 to put rubbish in the garbage bin是真正的主語。
高分句型二：We should create a healthy，harmonious，stimulating environment，so that the students in the good environment are influenced by the environment.
譯文：我們應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造一個健康、和諧、激勵的環(huán)境，使處于良好環(huán)境中的學(xué)生受到環(huán)境的影響。
分析：這句話使用了so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。
這是一篇提綱類作文，需要寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出，但是寫作時不要僅僅對要點進行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內(nèi)容，使文章看起來更充實，要組成一篇通順連貫的短文，一定要談?wù)勛约旱目捶āＰ枰⒁饩o扣文章主題，給出的要點都需要包括，缺一不可。寫作時注意準(zhǔn)確運用時態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，不能出現(xiàn)文章脫節(jié)問題。盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次。同時注意要求的字?jǐn)?shù)，不要太多也不要太少。