【寒假自學】2023年人教版英語七年級-第03講《可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞》寒假精品講學案

這是一份【寒假自學】2023年人教版英語七年級-第03講《可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞》寒假精品講學案，文件包含第03講可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞解析版docx、第03講可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞原卷版docx等2份學案配套教學資源，其中學案共20頁， 歡迎下載使用。

考
點
考點方向
1.名詞辨析
2.名詞的數(shù)
考點內(nèi)容
1.可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)的規(guī)則/不規(guī)則變化
2.復合名詞的復數(shù)變化
3.不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表示
命題聚焦
1.考查重點：
名詞的數(shù)
2.常考題型：
選擇題、填空題
知識復習
【定義】
名詞是指人、地點、事物、行為、品質、抽象概念、感情等的名稱的詞。
根據(jù)所表示的事物的性質，名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
本課時學習可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
【考點01】可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
【例子】（2021·廣西河池·中考真題）
—Lisa, culd yu help me buy sme ________ n yur way hme?
—Ok, mm.
A．eggB．beefC．bananaD．ptat
【拓展】特例
有些名詞既是可數(shù)名詞，又是不可數(shù)名詞，但意義有所不同
glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯) paper(紙)—a paper(報紙；文件；試卷) rm(空間)—a rm(房間)
chicken(雞肉)—a chicken(小雞) fish(魚肉)—fishes(各種各樣的魚) range(橘子汁)—an range(橘子)
exercise(鍛煉，運動)—exercises(習題) life(生活)—lives(生命) time(時間)—times(倍，次數(shù))
【注意】
1.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；
2.多個并列可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式?！究键c02】可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的規(guī)則變化
【例子】 （（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·二模）Space ________, astrnauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu safely came back t the earth frm the Tiangng space statin last mnth.
A．herB．hersC．heres
【拓展】
“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構成的復合形容詞，中間的名詞須用單數(shù)形式。
five-year-ld 5歲大的；
a five-pund nte 一張5英鎊的紙幣
a six-ft-deep hle一個6英尺深的洞
【考點03】可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的不規(guī)則變化
【例子】（2021·西藏·中考真題）
All ________ received fresh flwers n Wmen’s Day.
A．wman teacherB．wman teachersC．wmen teachersD．wmen teacher
過關檢測
1．（2022·山東濟南·七年級期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—I need a T-shirt and ________ shes.
A．a(chǎn) pairB．f a pairC．a(chǎn) pair fD．pair f
2．（2022·全國·七年級期末）—Can I help yu?
—Yes, please. I want ________.
A．a(chǎn) pantB．a(chǎn) pantsC．pantsD．sweater
3．（2021·山東·青島大學附屬中學七年級期末）I can see many ________ n the hill, but I can’t see ________.
A．sheep; any dgsB．hrses; sme cats
C．chicken; any tigersD．ducks; a elephant
4．（2021·廣西·七年級期末）—What wuld yu like?
—I’d like sme ________.
A．chicken and tmat ndlesB．chicken and tmates ndles
C．ndles with chicken and tmatD．ndles with chickens and tmates
5．（2022·西藏拉薩市七年級期末）The girl likes ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．ptats; chickenB．ptates; chickens
C．ptates; chickenD．ptat; chickens
6．（2022·上?！て吣昙壠谀狪n ur schl, we d eye ________ every day.
—It’s really gd ________.
A．exercise; exerciseB．exercises; exercises
C．exercises; exerciseD．exercise; exercises
7．（2022·江蘇·七年級期末）Billy ges t the supermarket t buy tw _______ fr dinner every Saturday mrning.
A．meatB．kil f meatC．kils f meatD．kils meat
8．（2022·江蘇揚州·七年級期末）—Is there anything I can d fr yu, sir?
—I’d like tw ________. We all like them.
A．bwls f ricesB．bxes f applesC．kils f prksD．bttles f ranges
9．（2022·河北邢臺·七年級期末）—What can I d fr yu?
—Er, I’d like a glass f milk, sme bread, ________.
A．sme chickensB．a(chǎn)ny chickensC．sme chickenD．a(chǎn)ny chicken
10．（2022·河北唐山·七年級期末）Fr breakfast, I have sme ______ and ________.
A．rice; eggB．rices; eggsC．rices; eggD．rice; eggs
11．（2022·吉林長春·七年級期末）—D yu want sme ________?
—Yes, please.
A．strawberryB．breadC．tmatD．egg
12．（2022·廣東廣州·七年級期末）Culd yu please give me _________ t write dwn the message?
A．a(chǎn) paperB．sme papers
C．a(chǎn) piece f paperD．sme pieces f papers
13．（2022·吉林·長春外國語學校七年級期末）—Hw many ________ dctrs are there in yur hspital, David?
—________ them ________ ver ne hundred.
A．wmen; The number f; isB．wmen; A number f; are
C．wman; A number f; areD．wman; The number f; is
14．（2022·江蘇淮安·七年級期末）The little by is crying because he lst（掉了）his tw ________ in his muth.
A．tthB．tthsC．tthesD．teeth
15．（2022·廣東廣州·七年級期末）Thse _________ usually g t wrk _________ undergrund. They all like the Green Travel.
A．Germans, byB．Germany, takeC．German, byD．Germany, by
16．（2022·四川·七年級期末）There are lts f ________ n the farm.
A．sheepB．chickenC．hrseD．meat
17．（2022·重慶八中七年級期末）It’s time t make dinner nw. Let’s g and buy ________ in the new Ynghui Supermarket.
A．tmat and pearsB．vegetable and hamburgers
C．fruit and chickenD．eggs and carrt
18．（2022·全國·七年級期末）Jim and Bill ________ gd ________.
A．is, friendB．a(chǎn)re, friendC．is, friends `D．a(chǎn)re, friends
19．（2022·云南昆明·七年級期末）—Mum, I’m hungry. Can I have smething t eat?
—Hungry? Yu have eaten ________ and ________.
A．three bwls f ndle; tw hamburgerB．three bwls f ndles; tw hamburgers
C．three bwl f ndles; tw pieces f hamburgerD．three ndles; tw pieces f hamburger
20．（2022·重慶八中七年級期末）—Sir, may I take yur rder?
—OK. I’d like ne bwl f ________.
A．eggs ndlesB．ndles with eggC．egg ndleD．egg ndles
21．（2022·重慶·西南大學附中七年級期末）—I beard that yu ate ut at Yi Xi Restaurant yesterday.
—Yeah, _______ a wnderful dinner it was! We had sme _______, fried（炒的）vegetables and a large bwl f sur（酸的）sup with _______.
A．hw; fishes; ndlesB．what; fish; ndles
C．hw; fish; ndleD．what; fishes; ndle
22．（2022·重慶巴蜀中學七年級期末）Linda has healthy eating habits. She always has ________ and ________ fr lunch.
A．fishes; ndlesB．muttn; ice-creamC．chicken; beefD．salad; dumpling
23．（2022·廣西賀州·七年級期末）—Mike, is there any fd in the fridge(冰箱)?
—N, We need t buy sme _______ and _______.
A．beef; ninB．beef; carrtsC．muttn; tmatsD．muttn; ptat
24．（2022·河南鄭州·七年級期末）— D yu want sme _______?
— Yes, please.
A．vegetableB．breadC．hamburger
25．（2022·北京順義·七年級期末）Hw many ________ are there in yur family?
A．childB．childrenC．childs
中考直達
1．（2022·西藏·中考真題）Mre and mre ________ want t learn abut Chinese culture.
A．GermansB．GermanC．GermanyD．Germans’
2．（2021·廣西百色·中考真題）Uncle Li has a farm, there are sme________ n the farm.
A．chicken and sheepB．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheepD．chicken and sheeps
3．（2021·黑龍江大慶·中考真題）—Can I help yu?
—Please give me ________ abut the trains t Daqing.
A．a(chǎn) few infrmatinsB．a(chǎn) little infrmatinsC．a(chǎn) little infrmatinD．a(chǎn) few infrmatin
4．（2021·四川廣元·中考真題）Three fifths f the teachers in ur schl are ________.
A．man teachersB．men teachersC．wman teachersD．wmen teacher
5．（2022·湖南益陽·中考真題）Lk! There are sme ________ eating grass n the hill.
A．sheepB．cwC．hrse
6．（2022·廣西桂林·中考真題）Bill has gt tw ________.
A．sisterB．brthersC．student
7．（2022·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）With the intrductin f the “duble reductin” plicy (雙減政策), ne f the ________ ________ that the students have less hmewrk.
A．changes; isB．change; isC．changes; are
8．（2021·湖南岳陽·中考真題）We see sme________ rising int the air at the pening f ur new library.
A．ballnsB．ballnC．ballnes
9．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真題）I’m nt hungry at all because I just ate much ________.
A．a(chǎn)pplesB．bananasC．bread
10．（2022·湖南邵陽·中考真題）— Wuld yu like sme ________?
— Yes, madam.
A．eggB．juiceC．milk teas可數(shù)名詞
不可數(shù)名詞
分單、復數(shù)兩種形式
desk → desks
bus → buses
沒有復數(shù)形式
tea
meat
前面可用基數(shù)詞、
不定冠詞修飾
three bys
an range
不可以被基數(shù)詞和不定冠詞直接修飾，若表示數(shù)量可用“單位詞+不可數(shù)名詞”
a piece f paper
tw cups f tea
可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)前
可用many, sme, any 修飾
many teachers
sme friends
可用much, sme, any修飾
much bread
sme milk
情況
構成方法
例詞
一般情況
加-s
cap → caps dg →dgs bike →bikes driver →drivers
以字母s, sh, ch, x等結尾
加-es
bus →buses wish →wishes
watch →watches bx →bxes
以輔音字母+y結尾
變y為i再加-es
lady →ladies century →centuries
family →families stry →stries
以f或fe結尾
一般變f, fe為v，再加-es
leaf →leaves life →lives
half →halves knife →knives
以結尾
前為輔音音素時加-es,
前為元音音素時加-s。
tmat →tmates her →heres ptat →ptates
z →zs pht →phts pian →pians
情況
構成方法
例詞
單復數(shù)同形
將后一個詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)
Chinese →Chinese sheep →sheep deer →deer
單復數(shù)
不同形
改變內(nèi)部元音字母
ft →feet tth →teeth
man →men muse →mice
詞尾加-ren
child →children