專題40.冠詞、代詞、介詞考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用 ---2023屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí) （通用）

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?冠詞、代詞、介詞考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用


冠詞
冠詞是語法填空題的常考點(diǎn)，經(jīng)?？疾椴欢ü谠~a，an和定冠詞the的基本用法和固定搭配。解答冠詞類題目時(shí)，首先需要明確設(shè)空處是表示特指還是泛指，如果是前者用the，后者則需要再判斷用a還是an。短文改錯(cuò)中的冠詞類題目，除了判斷是表示特指還是泛指外，還需要注意單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須有冠詞。同時(shí)對(duì)常見的固定搭配中的冠詞也要熟練掌握。
(一)考點(diǎn)練悟(用冠詞填空)
When I walked down 1.________ Third Avenue, as 2.______ rule, I used to look into the windows of 3.______ old shop that sold old and beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against 4.________ windows to get 5.________ small look at the treasures inside.
Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for 6.________ long time, but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface. I even thought they were 7.________ most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about old people, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when others missed it. I was raised by my grandmother and given 8.________ deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well, my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. My grandmother was loved by all 9.________ people around her. She was known to be 10.________ wise and kind woman, who was able to do things well even in her last years.
Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished (失去光澤) by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.
(二)快捷技法
思考趨向——如何確定填冠詞
如果空格后有名詞(短語)而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含義，或者有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等形式，那么空格處一般是填冠詞。
解題規(guī)則——如何確定填什么冠詞
1．不定冠詞a/an的常考點(diǎn)
(1)表示泛指，相當(dāng)于“a certain”。(如題3,6,10)
(2)表示類指，指某類中的“任何一個(gè)”。
(3)表示量指，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。
(4)表示“每”，相當(dāng)于per，用于價(jià)格、速度、頻率等表達(dá)中。
(5)考查固定搭配中的不定冠詞。(如題2,6)
(6)和具有某些特征、狀態(tài)或情感的抽象名詞連用表示具體的概念。(如題5,8)
2．定冠詞the的?？键c(diǎn)
(1)特指某人或某物。(如題4,9)
(2)用于最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞前或由only, very, same等修飾的名詞前。(如題1,7)
(3)和形容詞、過去分詞連用，表示一類人或事物。
(4)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”。
(5)定冠詞常用在一些固定搭配中。
一、不定冠詞a/an
My friend Linda is an honest girl① studying in a university①.We are of an age②，we both like milk and we drink a cup of milk③ a day④.So we think a cow⑤ is very useful.
不定冠詞的用法
①表示泛指“某個(gè)”。當(dāng)說話人第一次提及某人、某物時(shí)通常用不定冠詞；在讀音以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用a，在讀音以元音音素開頭的單詞前用an。
②表示“同一”。
③表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。
④表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于per。
⑤表示“一類”事物。
二、定冠詞 the
Mr Smith is a teacher from the United States①.He was the first② foreign teacher I had met.In the 1990s③，he and his wife were traveling along the Yangtze River④when a ship wrecked.The Smiths⑤ came up to help the injured⑥ and saved a boy by catching him by the arm⑦.The boy’s parents said they were the kindest⑧ people in the world⑨.They would remember the couple⑩ forever.
定冠詞的用法
①用于普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前。
②用于序數(shù)詞之前。
③用在世紀(jì)前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”。
④用于江河湖海山島前。
⑤用在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妻倆”。
⑥用在形容詞或分詞前，表示某一類人或物。
⑦摸/打/抓(等表動(dòng)作的詞)＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位。
⑧用于形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)前。
⑨用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。
⑩表示上文已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。
三、零冠詞
When learning that teachers① are badly needed in remote districts①，Lily volunteered to teach in a remote place.Local people have made her headmaster② of the school since her arrival and she teaches Chinese③，maths③，and English③ herself from spring to winter④and from Monday to Sunday④.On weekends，she teaches them to play volleyball and chess⑤.When she finds many children attending school without having lunch⑥，she raises money① for the children’s meals.
零冠詞常用的幾種情況
①表泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前。
②表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞作表語、同位語或補(bǔ)足語時(shí)。
③表示語言、學(xué)科的名詞前不用冠詞。
④季節(jié)、月份、日期、星期、節(jié)假日前不用冠詞。
⑤球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類游戲的名詞前不用冠詞。
⑥一日三餐前一般不加冠詞。

隨堂練習(xí)
題組一　冠詞的基本用法
Ⅰ.單句填空
1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning 　　　 country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.?
2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s 　　　 ongoing process. ?
3.Chaplin liked 　　　 idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life. ?
4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became 　　　 university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.?
題組二　冠詞的習(xí)慣用法
Ⅰ.單句填空
1.The sound of the car died away in 　　　 distance. ?
2.Eating chocolate once in 　　　 while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time. ?
3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently 　　　 great number of these huts are placed close together. ?
4.All of　　　sudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.?
代詞
近幾年，高考對(duì)代詞的考查主要集中在代詞的基本用法上，因此這類試題一般較為簡(jiǎn)單。語法填空　側(cè)重對(duì)it用法的考查；而短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)代詞的考查主要集中在不定代詞、反身代詞、形容詞性物主代詞和代詞的格等的用法上。
考生在解題時(shí)要根據(jù)語境、句意判斷人稱和數(shù)，應(yīng)仔細(xì)閱讀上下文，根據(jù)代詞具體指代的對(duì)象和在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑_定代詞的格。未來高考對(duì)代詞的考查將繼續(xù)側(cè)重代詞的基本用法，并會(huì)加強(qiáng)語境的真實(shí)性和復(fù)雜性。

(一)考點(diǎn)練悟(用代詞填空)
“Without the ball, I'm half complete of 1.________ (I)，” Luis Figo, one of the world's greatest football players once said.
The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.
He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing 2.________ (he) hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for 3.________ (he) in Lisbon. “Figo, Figo，” 4.________ shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.
The Real Madrid player, 31, wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win 5.________ Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82.4 million dollars in 2000, and he showed everyone what a great player he was by winning FIFA's Footballer of the Year award in 2001.
“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player，” said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001. “Figo 6.________ (he) is a real leader who always tries his best on the field and a good team player. 7.________ is no problem for him to work together with his teammate at Real Madrid, star footballer David Beckham.” In fact, Figo was the first 8.________ to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team, and we can help one 9.________ and work together to be successful，” Figo said.
(二)快捷技法
思考趨向
1．當(dāng)提示詞為代詞時(shí)，需分析判斷用其主格、賓格、物主代詞、反身代詞中的哪種形式。
2．如空后無提示詞，且空格處在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語時(shí)，考慮填代詞。
解題規(guī)則
1．人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞?？键c(diǎn)
一、人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞
I① am a senior school student and I① want to join our③ school football team，but the person in charge rejected me②.I have to spend my③ spare time practicing football to improve myself④.Look! The football under the bed is mine⑤.It has been worn out.
①為代詞的主格形式作主語。
②為代詞的賓格形式作賓語。
③為形容詞性物主代詞，放在名詞之前作定語。
④為反身代詞，可作賓語、表語或同位語。
⑤為名詞性物主代詞，后面不加名詞，可作主語、賓語或表語。

(1)人稱代詞中第三人稱的主格(he, she, it, they)與賓格(him, her, it, them)常指代前文或后文出現(xiàn)的人或物。當(dāng)提示詞為人稱代詞的主格時(shí)需考慮是否變?yōu)橘e格。(如題3)
(2)形容詞性物主代詞(my, your, his, her, its, our, their)在句中作定語，常表示物體的所屬；而名詞性物主代詞(mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs)在句中可以作主語、賓語和表語，但不可以作定語。(如題2)
(3)反身代詞(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，可以在句中作賓語、表語和同位語。(如題1,6)
2．替代詞和不定代詞?？键c(diǎn)
替代詞that，those，one，ones，the one，the ones
I found a beautiful coat in a shop，but it was very expensive.Luckily，I found one① looking the same online and it was much cheaper than that②/the one③ in the physical shop.However，when I received the coat，I realized though the ones④ sold online were much cheaper，they were not as good as those⑤ in physical shops.I would rather spend more money on better ones⑥ with high quality.
①one替代上文出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于“a/an＋單數(shù)名詞”。
②that替代上文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于“the＋單數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞”。
③the one替代特指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，相當(dāng)于“the＋單數(shù)名詞”。
④the ones替代上文出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于“the＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。
⑤those 替代上文出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞(尤其是有后置定語時(shí))，相當(dāng)于“the＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。
⑥ones替代上文出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。所替代名詞都是同類不同物；同類同物替代用it/them。

(1)替代詞that, those, one, ones
①that可以指代前面出現(xiàn)過的不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。
②one指代前面出現(xiàn)過的同類事物中的“一個(gè)”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。(如題8)
(2)不定代詞的用法

不定代詞
1．a(chǎn)ll/every/both/each/neither/none
There are 50 students in my class.Though not all① of us are studying well，we all① study hard.Every student② has a dream university，though not every student② can be admitted to a famous one.My deskmate and I both③ like music，but both of us don’t③ want to enter a music institute.Each④ of us has chosen our future college.We have 14 teachers in all，none⑤ of whom treat us badly.However, my deskmate and I are both③ fat，so neither⑥ of us love PE classes.
①all指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部”。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常依據(jù)所指為可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞而定；與not連用表示部分否定。
②every強(qiáng)調(diào)(整體中的)每一個(gè)，只能作定語，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一個(gè)”，與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。
③both表示“兩者(都)”。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；與not連用表示部分否定，意為“兩者并不都……”。
④each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，可作代詞和形容詞，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，指兩者或兩者以上中的“每一個(gè)”，可以與of短語連用。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；作同位語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和主語保持一致。
⑤none表示“(三者及三者以上中)無一個(gè)”或“沒有一點(diǎn)兒”。后接of短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)皆可。
⑥neither表示“(兩者)都不”。單獨(dú)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；后接of短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)皆可。
2．a(chǎn)nything/nothing/something/everything
—Do you have anything① to say about your exam?
—No，I have nothing② to say about it.
—I hope you can share something③ special about your school.
—I have told you that I don’t have anything① to say about it.Everything④ has gone wrong.
①anything表示“任何事物，一些事”時(shí)，用于否定句和疑問句中；表示“隨便什么事物”，用于肯定句中。
②nothing表示“什么也沒有”，可用于肯定、疑問及否定句。
③something表示“某事(物)”，一般用于肯定句中。
④everything表示“一切”，強(qiáng)調(diào)全體，但謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
3．the other，another，others與the others
—Excuse me.Can you exchange this T-shirt for another① one? Some others② say it doesn’t fit me well.
—Of course.This T-shirt comes in two sizes；you can try on the other③ one.
—Don’t bother.There are so many shops and I will go to see the others④.
①another泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個(gè)”，代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
②others表示泛指意義，意為“其他的人或事物”，常與some連用。
③the other可單獨(dú)使用，特指兩者中的“另一個(gè)”或兩部分中的“另一部分”。
④特指“整體中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物”時(shí)用the others。

①both, either, neither都強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者，可作主語、賓語和定語。neither表示“兩者都不”； either表示“兩者中任何一個(gè)”； both表示“兩者都”。
②all和none都強(qiáng)調(diào)三者或三者以上，all表示“全部都”，而none表示“全部都不”。(如題4)
③another表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”； the other意為“(兩者中的)另一個(gè)”；other意為“其余的，另外的”； others泛指其余的人或物。(如題5,9)
3．it的常考點(diǎn)
(1)it可指代事物或上文提到過的內(nèi)容。
(2)it可作形式主語或形式賓語，用來指代不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式或從句，而把真正的主語或賓語后置。(如題7)
(3)表示“喜歡，恨”等情感的動(dòng)詞后面跟從句時(shí)，要先接it，再接從句，這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ike, love, hate, dislike, appreciate等。
(4)it常用于一些固定搭配中，如it is no wonder that “難怪……”；make it“成功；趕上”；when it comes to ...“當(dāng)提到……”等。
1.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than 　　　 who are not.?
2.　　　was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.?
3.In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from　　　in the UK. ?
4.The quality of education in this small school is better than 　　　in some larger schools.?
5.How would you like 　　　if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you??
6.The meeting will be held in September,but 　　　knows the date for sure.?
7.To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the　　　.?
8.Niki is always full of ideas,but 　　　is useful to my knowledge.?

介詞
高考對(duì)介詞的考查主要集中在介詞的基本用法及含介詞的固定搭配的用法上。語法填空題對(duì)介詞的考查形式為純空格，即沒有提示詞，這對(duì)考生正確理解句意和掌握的知識(shí)提出了較高的要求。短文改錯(cuò)題對(duì)介詞的考查主要涉及介詞的多余、缺失或誤用，其中固定搭配中介詞的誤用是考查的重點(diǎn)。因此，考生應(yīng)在掌握介詞基本用法的同時(shí)，注意總結(jié)和積累其與名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞等搭配構(gòu)成的短語的意義和用法。

(一)考點(diǎn)練悟(用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空)
In the chemistry lab, because 1.________ the student's carelessness, the tube cracked and the liquid in it caused a fire on the table. Fortunately, he put it out 2.________ time at last.
In fact, it is common to have some small accidents caused 3.________ carelessness. I used to enjoy cooking, so I always sought a chance to cook. However, the desire led 4.________ an accident.
Once I stayed 5.________ home alone. I found it a chance to cook. I put all the food I needed 6.________ a pot. Then I had to wait 7.________ it to boil. In order to kill the waiting time, I went to watch TV. Only in a few minutes was I fascinated by a wonderful programme. It was about half an hour later that I remembered my food. I turned off the cooker immediately but unfortunately the food ran over 8.________ the pot. I was blamed and had to clean the kitchen.
So we should pay attention 9.________ everything we are doing to avoid accidents.
(二)快捷技法
思考趨向
1．若空格后是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，且它們?cè)诰渲胁皇亲髦髡Z、表語或動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，那么空格處一般是填介詞。(如題1,2,3,6,8)
2．看空格前的動(dòng)詞或形容詞，若空格處能與之構(gòu)成固定搭配，且空格后的成分又作賓語，那么空格處一般填介詞。(如題4,5,7,9)
1．表示方位的介詞
We walked across① the beach，through② the woods and finally came to③ the house which was under④the big tree marked in⑤ the map.After stepping into⑥ the house，we found a small black table，over⑦ which was a lamp.Then we looked around⑧，only to find nothing.My friend found something special—an empty box.Beneath⑨ it was a note saying，“Stand beside⑩ the window and look out of? it.” From? the window we saw another house beyond? a small hill.
①across指從較為平坦的表面穿過。
②through指從立體的事物中間穿過。
③to指到某處，去某處。
④under在……下面，無接觸面。
⑤in在……里面。
⑥into到……里面。
⑦over在……正上方(無接觸面)；on在……上面(有接觸面)
⑧around在/向……周圍。
⑨beneath在……下面(有接觸面)
⑩beside在……旁邊。
?out of在……外面。
?from從……。
?beyond 在/向……較遠(yuǎn)的一邊，超出。

2．表示時(shí)間的介詞
It happened on① a Saturday morning in② November,2015.My parents left home at③ 6∶00 am to meet my uncle at the airport and told me they would come back in④ two hours.However，it wasn’t long before⑤ someone knocked at the door，and I looked through the peep hole and saw a stranger.I quickly locked the door from the inside，and didn’t open it until⑥ my parents came back.During⑦ the two hours，the stranger always tried to tell me something but I wouldn’t listen to him.On seeing my parents，the stranger said，“I have been waiting out of the door for⑧ two hours since 6∶10 am.” Why had my uncle changed so much over⑨ the years?
①on指在具體的某一天。
②in用在年/月/季節(jié)/世紀(jì)等大時(shí)間之前，或者指上/下午或晚上。
③at用在幾點(diǎn)鐘或night/noon之前。
④in也可用在表示一段時(shí)間的詞之前，表示“多久之后”。
⑤before在……之前。
⑥until直到……時(shí)候。
⑦during在……期間。
⑧for表示延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。
⑨over表示“在……期間”，表延續(xù)。

3．表示原因的介詞
John was punished for① cheating in the exam.His father was angry at/over② it and he trembled with③ anger because of④John’s bad behaviour.
①for表示原因，后面可以加名詞(詞組)或句子。
②at/over用在表示情緒的形容詞之后，后面加名詞(詞組)。
③with用在表示情緒的名詞之前。
④because of/owing to/due to/thanks to之后不加陳述句，加名詞(短語)/名詞性從句。

4．其他重要介詞
Between① the two opinions，I am for② the first one but against③ the second one.By④wearing school uniforms，students can be treated equally by④ others despite⑤ the different economic backgrounds among⑥ them.Besides⑦，the price is within⑧ students’ reach.Most students except⑨ a minority of them say school uniforms are good except for⑩ the fact that they are not fashionable.
①between表示兩者之間。
②for表示支持。
③against表示反對(duì)。
④by表示“借助/通過……”，也可以表示“被……”。
⑤despite表示盡管，等于in spite of。
⑥among表示在三者或三者以上中。
⑦besides表示除此之外(還)。
⑧within表示在……范圍之內(nèi)。
⑨except表示同類事物除外。
⑩except for表示與整體陳述相對(duì)的細(xì)節(jié)修補(bǔ)。

其他常考的介詞
with
(1)(表示狀態(tài))具有，帶有
(2)(表示伴隨)隨著
(3)(表示原因)由于，因?yàn)?br /> (4)(表示關(guān)系)和……一起
(5)構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
against
(1)(表示態(tài)度)反對(duì)
(2)(表示對(duì)比)以……為背景
(3)(表示方位)倚靠著……
of
(1)表示“……的”
(2)“of＋n.”相當(dāng)于該名詞對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞
for
“for＋時(shí)間段”表示“長(zhǎng)達(dá)……”
despite
盡管，雖然
without
如果沒有
beyond
超出，超越
3．介詞在固定搭配中的考查
介詞在固定搭配中的考查主要有以下幾種形式：
(1)介詞與名詞的搭配
(2)介詞與形容詞的搭配
(3)介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配
隨堂練習(xí)
1.Favorable policies are　　　effect to encourage employees’ professional development.?
2.—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.
—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment　　　next Wednesday afternoon.?
3.Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went　　　all.?
4.China’s soft power grows in line　　　the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.?
5.When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be 　　　 trees that are over 1,000 years old.?
6.We offer an excellent education to our students. 　　　return, we expect students to work hard.?
7.Determining where we are in relation 　　　 our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.?
8.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up　　　 influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us. ?
9.Most people work because it’s unavoidable.　　　contrast,there are some people who actually enjoy work.?
10.These comments came in response 　　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen.?
11.Have you ever heard of the trees that are home 　　　animals both on land and sea??
12.Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68℃　　　the average.?
13.They believe that there are transport developments 　　　the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.?
14.Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony 　　　nature.?
15.This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you 　　　advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.?
16.The little pupil took his grandma 　　　the arm and walked her across the street.?
隨堂練習(xí)
一
My name is Wil Wheaton—and I am a nerd(怪人). It’s awesome to be 　1　 nerd. When I was a little boy, people really teased me about that and made me feel like there was 　2　 wrong with me for loving strange 　3　 (thing). Now that I’m 　4　 adult, I’m a professional nerd, and 　5　 world has changed. I think we have realized that being a nerd is not about what you love but about how you love. So there’s going to be a thing in your life that you love. I don’t know what it’s going to be. It might be sports or science or reading or telling 　6　 (story)— 　7　 doesn’t matter what it is. Some of us love Game of Thrones, while 　8　 love Star Wars. But we all love those things so much that we travel 　9　 (thousand) of miles—which is probably easy for you, but we’re still using fossil fuels, so it’s difficult to be around people who love the things that we love the way that we love them. That’s why being a nerd is awesome. ?
I want you to work hard because everything worth doing is hard. I want you to be awesome, and I will do 　10　 (I)very best to leave you a planet that you can still live on.?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
二
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient 　1　 (people)daily lives. 　2　 was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, musical 　3　 (instrument)and even weapons.?
The 　4　 (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, led the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played 　5　 important role. The world’s oldest water pipe was also made of bamboo. During 　6　 Han dynasty, the people in Sichuan successfully sank a 100-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe until the 19th century, and it was by using the technology that the Americans drilled 　7　 first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.?
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as one of the “four 　8　 (gentleman)” in plants. To many distinguished 　9　 (man), bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when facing tough 　10　 (situation).?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
三
A Chinese song titled Yi Jian Mei entered Viral 50 of Spotify,　1　overseas mainstream music platform indicating　2　(popular) on social media platforms, on June 15. The song was sung by Chinese singer Fei Yu-ching 37 years ago.　3　was part of the soundtrack for a hit TV drama.It has become a classic pop song among　4　middle-aged people.?
The popularity of the song began with a hit TikTok video in January, in which a Chinese man named Zhang Aiqin performed the song twirling in the snow. His unique　5　(appear) with an egg-like head caught the eye of TikTok users. Many　6　(foreign) were also attracted by　7　(he) deep voice. They have posted their covered songs on TikTok and Twitter. Different from the original song, the current version has been adapted for different music styles, including hip hop.?
Another popular activity related to the song is to ask parents to read out the written lyrics. Interestingly, most parents can sing this melody directly as part of their memory of　8　1980s.?
Although the song and lyrics have become a funny meme on the Internet, some still think that this is　9　unexpected opportunity for foreigners to understand Chinese music and culture. Some foreign web users say that they felt inner peace and appreciated the　10　(beautiful) of Mandarin listening to the song.?
四
Dogs are desperate for human eye contact. It's hard for most people to resist a flash of puppy-dog eyes. Dogs split off from 　1　 (they) wolf relatives. A paper has found that dogs' faces are structured for complex 　2　 (expression) in a way that 　3　 (wolf) aren't. There are two muscles that work together to widen and open a dog's eyes, causing 　4　 (they) to appear bigger, and objectively cuter. But for wolves 　5　 of the two muscles was present. When dogs work these muscles, humans respond more positively. This isn't simply 　6　 accidental love story, where the eyes of two species just so happen to meet across a crowded planet. Like all the best partnerships, this one more likely results from years of evolution and growth.?
For a 　7　 (species) to change quickly, a pretty powerful force must be having effects on 　8　. And that's where humans come in. We connect closely with animals capable of exaggerating the size and 　9　 (wide) of their eyes, making them look like our own human 　10　 (baby).?
五
Traditional Chinese Wedding
Traditional Chinese wedding 　1　 (custom) have been around for thousands of 　2　 (year). They may vary from place to place and time to time, but have been holding 　3　 important position in the lives of Chinese people, causing a far-reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead 　4　 (they) lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually involves some necessary procedures, such as match-making, engagement, meeting the bride, and three 　5　 (bow). In addition, a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this: when a new couple is engaged, what follows is a 　6　 (choose) of the date of their marriage. ?
Most people would favor a bank holiday or a special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends to attend the wedding. However, quite 　7　 few others, especially 　8　 in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with 　9　 unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life, everlasting love and 　10　 (happy), early birth of a healthy baby and so on.?
六
Nowadays when faced 　1　 health or nutrition (營(yíng)養(yǎng))questions, people probably turn 　2　 the Internet 　3　 help. But they may get some wrong advice online,which is very dangerous! 　4　 addition, search engines show clicking rates looking into 　5　(popular) rather　6　 accuracy (準(zhǔn)確).So useful advice cannot be easy to find. It is well worth checking whether the advice is helpful. 　7　 all, anyone can call themselves 　8　 diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized doctors and dietitians (營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家)have the right to give medical 　9　(suggest). So if you are unsure, you'd better visit a doctor. Go 　10　 the right place, and the real answers can be found.?
七
Local food has several meanings. It can be used to refer 　1　 the food that is grown and sold in the same town. 　2　 the other hand,it can also mean the food directly sold 　3　 the farmer to the consumer, rather than being processed. 　4　 either of the cases,local food is as good as growing food in your own garden. ?
One of the bigger advantages of going for local food is that the food is fresh. As it is grown at a close distance and sold immediately, there are no preservatives(防腐劑)added 　5　 it. And as the food is fresh, it has a longer shelf life and will last longer in your refrigerator. Another health benefit associated 　6　 local food is that it's more nutritious. As the time 　7　 farm and table is less, the nutrients in the food don't get washed off. So 　8　 is always beneficial to go for local food. ?
More importantly, your small contribution in buying only local food helps reduce global warming. As no transportation is required for transporting food, there'll be decrease 　9　 the use of fossil fuel. As few chemicals are used for these products, the environment is protected. Therefore, choosing local food is really 　10　 good idea.?
八
How many hours did you spend reading last week? This question has arrived in thousands of American homes every other year 　1　 1992 as part of the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study. 　2　 2016, researchers found that people who identified themselves 　3　 regular book readers were 23 per cent less likely to die between 2001 and 2012 than 　4　 who read only newspapers or magazines. ?
You may already be familiar 　5　 recent findings that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher 　6　 intelligence tests than non-readers. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When practised over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support healthy brain functions in big ways. ?
What is it about reading books that increases our brain power while reading 　7　 (newspaper)doesn't??
First, reading a book of any genre forces your brain to think critically and make connections from one chapter 　8　 another, and to the outside world, which may provide a greater defense 　9　 the worst effects or cognitive decay. Second, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both 　10　 which are proved to help you live longer.?