人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊Unit 3 Diverse Cultures精練

這是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊Unit 3 Diverse Cultures精練，共18頁。
?Unit 3 Diverse Cultures測試卷
（A卷基礎卷）解析版
【新人教版】
注意事項：
1. 答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
???? Welcome to Los Angeles. Here are some best things to do in Los Angeles (LA) with your kids.
Fall at the Beach
????Thanks to its almost perfect weather all through the year, a visit to the beach is one of the best things to do when in Los Angeles with kids. While they enjoy themselves nearby, you can simply relax and have a good rest in the sun.
?Trip to Disneyland
????A trip to the City of Angels with your little angels is incomplete without a visit to the Magic Kingdom. The joy they'll feel from being around all those Disney characters will light up your day, too.
?Visit to the museums
????If you want to turn your stay in LA into an educational one for your kids, you should visit the museums. Starting with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, or the California Science Center, or even the Kidspace Museum in Pasadena, you have many choices. I'm sure a visit to all these places will make your kids feel smarter.
Visit to the Universal Studios Hollywood
????Your kids could get to see interesting things from some of the most popular movies ever. From the theme park of Jurassic Park to Wisteria Lane from the TV play Desperate Housewives, the Universal Studios Hollywood is a place that we all find wonderful.
1. The passage is written for those who ______.
A. will go on a business trip to Los Angeles
B. plan to have a trip to Los Angeles with their kids
C. want to educate their children by traveling abroad
D. are interested in the history and culture of Los Angeles
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查推理判斷題。根據第一段Welcome to Los Angeles. Here are some best things to do in Los Angeles (LA) with your kids.可知，文章介紹了在洛杉磯上和孩子們可以做的有趣的事情，所以本文的目標人群是計劃帶孩子來洛杉磯旅行的人。故選B項。
2. Parents who prefer their kids to learn should choose ______.
A. the Universal Studios Hollywood
B. the Magic Kingdom
C. the museums
D. the beach
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。根據文章Visit to the museums部分If you want to turn your stay in LA into an educational one for your kids, you should visit the museums.可知，如果父母希望他們的孩子能從旅行中學到知識，應該和他們參觀博物館。故選C項。
3. The writer suggests visiting the beach because ______.
A. children can learn a lot there
B. parents can take a rest there
C. it provides different sports equipment
D. it's the best beach in the world
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。根據Fall at the Beach部分While they enjoy themselves nearby, you can simply relax and have a good rest in the sun.可知，在海灘的時候，孩子們在附近玩耍，大人們可以簡單地放松，在陽光下好好休息一下。故選B項。
B
???? Beijing Opera, as one of Chinese traditional opera forms, is regarded as the national opera of China and well received all over the world.
???? Beijing Opera arose in the late 18th century with a history of more than 200 years whose origin can date back to some old local operas, especially the Anhui Opera. It became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. Now it's the biggest kind of opera in China, whose popularity spread all over the country, becoming the most popular dramatic (戲劇的) form on Chinese stage.
???? There are four basic methods employed in a Beijing Opera performance: chang, nian, zuo, da. Generally speaking, chang means singing, and nian recitation (背誦) and oral communication, while zuo means the facial and body expressions and acting and da is Chinese Kungfu. Beijing Opera also has four main types of performers namely Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Sheng and Dan mean the main roles in the opera. The painted face, in Chinese called 'jing', is a name for the role of the man that has some special characteristic or appearance. Chou is easily understood from the role's name as a clown with an ugly appearance, who is to provide light relief and comedy.
???? In recent years, Beijing Opera has tried to make some changes, including improving the performance quality. Widely spreading all over China with great influence, Beijing Opera contains the spirit of Chinese national culture, but the shortage of funding has become a big problem as the form enters the 21st century. There is no doubt that it is a treasure of Chinese culture!
4. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A. The history of Beijing Opera.
B. The great influence Beijing Opera has on us.
C. Beijing Opera is popular in China.
D. The relationship between the Anhui Opera and Beijing Opera.
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查主旨大意題。第二段主要是介紹了京劇的起源和歷史。故選A項。
5. When a performer is saying something to another, which method does it belong to?
A. Chang B. Nian C. Zuo D. Da
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段...and nian recitation and oral communication知道“念就是口頭交流”，符合題干的是saying something to another. 故選B項。
6. A funny man whose nose was all white in stage most probably acted the role ________.
A. Sheng B. Dan C. Jing D. Chou
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段最后一句Chou is easily understood from the role's name as a clown with an ugly appearance, who is to provide light relief and comedy. 可知：丑相當于一個小丑，給人帶來輕松和喜劇。light relief and comedy 對應提干中的funny.故選D項。
7. What will be the future of the Beijing Opera?
A. Very bright. B. Certainly dark.
C. More popular. D. Much uncertain.
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查推理判斷題。根據最后一段倒數第二句：...but the shortage of funding has become a big problem... 可知，進入21世紀后，資金短缺問題對京劇來說是一個大問題，所以推出京劇的前景有太多的不確定。故選D項。
C
American culture is unique because it is formed and developed under certain conditions.The major factors contributing to the making of this new nation and the forming of a new culture are the hard environment，ethnic diversity and plural religion，which is quite different from other nations in the world．What is more，these elements are still influencing the American culture．
The early immigrants who were English Puritans settled down in northeast part of America from 1607 to 1892．Frontiers were pushed further west．The frontiersmen looked for a land of rich resources and a land of promise，opportunity and freedom．Actually they looked for a better life．So individualism，selfreliance，and equality of opportunity have perhaps been the values most closely associated with the frontier heritage of America．
In history，people from different countries in the world rushed to America three times．They brought their own culture to America and later on，different cultures were mixed together．Thus the unique American culture was formed，a common cultural life with commonly shared values．
The fundamental American belief in individual freedom and the fight of individuals to practice their own religion is at the center of religious experience in the United States.The great diversity of ethnic backgrounds has produced religious pluralism（多元化）；almost all of the religions of the world are now practiced in the United States．
Nowadays，we can see the continual influence of the three elements in the current American society.American family is typically parents and their unmarried children．Middleaged and elderly people generally do not live with their married children．The people in America have a very strong desire to start a new life in a new place．Quite a number of people change residences every year．The average American moves fourteen times in his lifetime．
8. We can learn from this article that ______ ．
A. the population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups
B. the early immigrants brought about the unique American culture
C. people in the world once rushed to America because of its unique culture
D. the American family members don't get along well with each other
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查推理判斷題。根據文章第三段第一句 "In?history，people?from?different?countries?in?the?world?rushed?to?America?three?times．"可知歷史上來自不同國家的人在三段時期里涌進美國，這給美國的文化帶來了種族方面的多元化。故A項。
9. What's the author's attitude towards American culture？ ______
A. He is critical of it． B. He admires it very much．
C. He just states the facts． D. He looks down upon it．
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查推理判斷題。作者在文章中客觀敘述了影響美國文化的三個主要因素： the?hard?environment，ethnic?diversity?and?plural?religion．并沒有發(fā)表個人觀點，故選C項。
10. The last paragraph is about ______ ．
A. the family structure in American society
B. the influence of the three elements in the current American society
C. the new life style of American family
D. the reason why American people like to change residences
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查段落大意題。根據本段中心第一句 "Nowadays，we?can?see?the?continual?influence?of?the?three?elements?in?the?current?American?society．"可知本段主要敘述的是美國文化中的三個因素對文化的影響。故選B項。
11. What might be the most suitable title of this article？ ______
A. The Immigrants in America
B. Why American Culture Is Unique
C. The Influence of American Culture
D. Plural Religion and American Culture
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查標題確定題。縱觀全文可以看出，文章開篇點題，首句即為文章的主題： American culture is unique because it is formed and developed under certain conditions．然后，全文圍繞這一主題展開論述，向我們講述美國獨特文化形成的原因。故選B項。
D
Many Chinese students think American students enjoy more freedom than them at school. But American schools also have their rules. If the students break the rules, they will get punishment, too.
On the first day of a new term, 128 students of Morton High School were sent home for wearing the wrong clothes. There are altogether 1, 200 students in the school. Usually there are 20 students breaking the school dress rule every day. So the headmaster Theresa Mayerik said it was the worst new term she had ever seen.
??? At Morton High School, students? favorite clothing such as baggy (寬大的) trousers, low-necked shirts and tank tops (坎肩) is not allowed in classrooms. Some students think they have the right to choose what to wear. But the headmaster doesn?t think so. "I?d be supportive if half the school were sent home, because 99% will get the message that our school is for education." "Freedom" does not mean "free of restrictions (約束)". That is to say there is no total freedom in the world, no matter in the US or in China.
12. Many Chinese students think that ________.
A. American students are very free at school
B. American students are not so clever as them
C. American students don?t love their school at all
D. there is no freedom in American schools
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的Many Chinese students think American students enjoy more freedom than them at school可知很多中國學生認為，在學校，美國學生比他們享有更多的自由。所以中國學生認為美國學生在學校很自由。故選A項。
13. 128 students of Morton High School were sent home for ________.
A. not finishing their homework
B. being late for school
C. not wearing the right clothes
D. not listening to the teachers in class
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的128 students of Morton High School were sent home for wearing the wrong clothes可知128名莫頓高中的學生因為穿錯衣服被送回家。所以128名學生被送回家是因為沒有穿正確的衣服。故選C項。
14. What does the underlined word "supportive" mean in Chinese?
A. 高興的 B. 支持的 C. 害怕的 D. 反對的
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查詞義猜測題。根據最后一段中的Some students think they have the right to choose what to wear. But the headmaster doesn?t think so可知一些學生認為他們有權利選擇穿什么，但是校長不這么認為。所以校長反對學生隨意著裝，那么當孩子穿錯衣服被送回家時，校長是持支持態(tài)度，即supportive。故選B項。
15. What?s the writer?s attitude to the school dress rule?
A. Agreeable. B. Disagreeable. C. Not sure. D. Unclear.
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查作者觀點態(tài)度題。由最后一段中的?"Freedom" does not mean "free of restrictions (約束)". That is to say there is no total freedom in the world, no matter in the US or in China.可知自由不意味著沒有約束。也就是說世界上沒有完全的自由，不管在美國還是在中國。從這些表達可以看出，作者認為學校關于穿衣服的規(guī)定是合理的。即作者同意這個規(guī)定。故選A項。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Chinese culture values family bonds(紐帶)very much. Family members don’ t just gather during the holidays. In fact, they often live under one roof all year round.
??? ? ? ?(16)? ? ? Family in the East and West are very different from each other.
??? In most East Asian cultures, extended families(大家庭)are common.? ? ?(17)? ? ?According to a survey, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “ a grandparent is a treasure to their family”.
??? In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families ( 小家庭) .These are made up of children and their parents.
??? Besides, the duties parents have toward their children can also be different.
??? ? ? ?(18)? ? ?It’ s normal for parents to pay for their children’ s college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also consider their parents’ opinions when making major life decisions.
??? In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen.? ? ?(19)? ? ? If they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen as a failure on their part.
??? While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy (隱私) and independence.? ? ?(20)? ? ?Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A. But in the end, east or west—home is best.
B. But different cultures have different family values.
C. Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
D. Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
E. These families have three or even four generations living together.
F. In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
G. Many young people need to take out loans and work part-time jobs to pay for college.
16.【答案】B
【解析】根據下文Families?in?the?East?and?West?are?very?different?from?each?other.可知，東西方的家庭差異很大。因此推斷B項“不同的文化具有不同的家庭價值觀”。符合語境，故選B項。?
17.【答案】E
【解析】根據上文In?most?East?Asian?cultures，?extended?families?（大家庭）?are?common.可知，在大多數東亞文化中，大家庭很普遍。因此推斷E項“這些家庭有三到四代人在一起生活?！狈险Z境，故選E項。?
18.【答案】F
【解析】根據下文It's?normal?for?parents?to?pay?for?their?children's?college, help?them?find?a?job, or?buy?them?an?apartment.可知，父母為子女的大學付費，幫助他們找到工作或買房是正常的。因此推斷F項“在中國，許多父母從小到大都照顧孩子。”符合語境，故選F項。
19.【答案】G
【解析】根據上文 In?most?Western?countries，?however，?kids?usually?move?out?of? the?house
?after?they?turn?18．可知，但是，在大多數西方國家，孩子通常在18歲以后就搬出房子。因此推斷G項“許多上大學的年輕人經常需要借貸和打零工，以支付學費和房租?！狈险Z境，故選G項。
20.【答案】A
【解析】根據上文While?the?East?cares?more?about?close?family?bonds，?the?West?values?privacy
?and?independence．可知，東方更關心親密的家庭紐帶，而西方則重視隱私和獨立性。因此推斷A項“但最后，家是最好的——不論是東方或西方?！狈险Z境。故選A項。
第二部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
? Every culture on the planet has certain topics that people avoid discussing. But the taboos (禁忌) of one culture may be very different from those of another. You may be???(21)???that people from other cultures say what you can't talk about.
????Paying attention to what people don't???(22)???can teach us something important about their culture. Their taboo topics give us clues about what they value, respect or even fear. Topics that are considered too personal or too controversial (有爭議的) may also be avoided.
????America is full of taboo topics. Usually, during a polite conversation, Americans will???(23)???both politics and religion. They also avoid talking about?racial issues?(種族問題).
????Why? Because these topics can cause strong opinions and???(24)??. Americans believe it's best to avoid them—especially at social gatherings.
????Many Americans also do not feel???(25)???talking about their personal income, age or health.???(26)??, they prefer to make small talks about the weather, sports or common interests.
????What do these taboos tell us about American???(27)??? For one, they show that Americans place importance on???(28)??. America certainly isn't the only place that values it. You will find???(29)???taboos about asking personal questions in many European countries. "This is especially true in Germany", says Hanna Graf, a German living in Shanghai. "In Germany, you are not supposed to ask about other people's personal business," she says. "But there are no???(30)???rules about what you can't ask; it's just in people's minds."
????In Brazil,???(31)??, almost anything seems open to discussion. "Brazilians talk about all kinds of personal issues," says Mark Quinlan, who grew up in Brazil. But of course, even Brazil has its own taboos. In Brazil, soccer is the one topic that can turn friends into enemies. Brazilians love the sport. Saying anything???(32)???about soccer can cause big trouble. Even expressing preference for one team over another can be???(33)??.
????Like Brazilians, Australians talk freely about almost anything. However, they do not talk about their personal or business???(34)??. They prefer to let people judge them by their actions, not their words. Boasting (夸大) your achievements will only make you the???(35)???of other people's jokes.
????And what about your taboos? The next time you have a conversation, pay attention to what isn't said. You might be amazed at what you learn about your own culture.
21. A. excited B. surprised C. fascinated D. relieved
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：你可能會感到驚訝，來自其他文化的人會說你不能說的話。A.excited興奮的；B.surprised吃驚的；C.fascinated著迷的；D.relieved寬慰的。根據下文“that people from other cultures say what you can't talk about.”可知，此處表示當人們聽到有人說你不能說的話的時候會感到驚訝。故選B項。
22. A. stress B. consider C. desire D. discuss
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查動詞辨析。句意：注意人們不討論的東西可以教會我們一些關于他們文化的重要東西。A.stress強調；B.consider考慮；C.desire渴望；D.discuss討論。根據上一句“You may be???(21)???that people from other cultures say what you can't talk about.”可知，此處是指關注人們不討論的話題。故選D項。
23. A. rule out B. take to C. touch upon D. focus on
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查動詞短語辨析。句意：通常，在有禮貌的談話中，美國人會排除政治和宗教。A.rule out排除；B.take to帶到……；C.touch upon觸及，論及；D.focus on專注于。根據前面句子“America is full of taboo topics.”可知，句中“政治和宗教”是美國人禁忌的話題，所以應該是他們排除的話題，故選A項。
24. A. arguments B. interactions C. agreements D. relationships
【答案】
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意：因為這些話題會引起強烈的意見和爭論。A.arguments爭論；B.interactions互動；C.agreements協(xié)議；D.relationships關系。前文提到“America is full of taboo topics.美國有很多禁忌話題”可知，“禁忌話題”應該是引起“意見和爭論”的話題。故選A項。
25. A. embarrassed B. relaxed C. confused D. disappointed
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：許多美國人在談論自己的個人收入，年齡或健康狀況時也不感到放松。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.relaxed放松的；C.confused困惑的；D.disappointed失望的。根據后面句子“they prefer to make small talks about the weather, sports or common interests.”?可知，談論個人收入，年齡或健康狀況時，讓人不放松，他們更喜歡談論天氣、運動或共同的興趣。故選B項。
26. A. Besides B. Occasionally C. Frankly D. Instead
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查副詞辨析。句意：相反，他們更喜歡談論天氣、運動或共同的興趣。A.Besides此外，除了；B.Occasionally偶爾；C.Frankly坦率地；D.Instead相反，代替。本空前后兩個句子“許多美國人在談論他們的個人收入、年齡或健康狀況時也感到不自在”與“他們更喜歡談論天氣、運動或共同的興趣?！庇^點相反。故選D項。
27. A. values B. features C. status D. dreams
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意：這些禁忌告訴了我們關于美國價值觀的什么？A.values價值觀；B.features特征；C.status地位，狀況；D.dreams夢想。禁忌話題與價值觀有關系。故選A項。
28. A. culture B. independence C. privacy D. freedom
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意：首先，它們表明了美國人對隱私的重視。A.culture文化；B.independence獨立；C.privacy隱私；D.freedom自由。根據前面句子“Many Americans also do not feel???(25)???talking about their personal income, age or health.”可知，美國人對于收入、年齡或者健康等個人隱私非常重視。故選C項。
29. A. formal B. unique C. similar D. aggressive
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：你會發(fā)現(xiàn)在許多歐洲國家問私人問題也有類似的禁忌。A.formal正式的；B.unique獨一無二的；C.similar相似的；D.aggressive侵略的。根據前面句子“America certainly isn't the only place that values it.”可知，此處是指在問及私人問題方面，許多歐洲國家與美國禁忌相似。故選C項。
30. A. specialized B. written C. common D. basic
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：但是，你不能問什么，沒有成文的規(guī)定。A.specialized專業(yè)的；B.written書面的；C.common普通的；D.basic基礎的。根據后面句子“it's just in people's minds.”可知，國家并沒有成文規(guī)定不能問及哪些話題，只是人們的感覺而已。故選B項。
31. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. anyhow
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，在巴西，幾乎任何事情都是可以討論的。A.moreover而且，此外；B.however然而；C.therefore因此；D.anyhow無論如何。本空后面句子“almost anything seems open to discussion.”與前面討論的一些禁忌話題是轉折關系。故選B項。
32. A. important B. worthless C. magical D. negative
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：對足球說任何負面的話都會引起大麻煩。A.important重要的；B.worthless無價值的；C.magical有魔力的；D.negative消極的，負面的。根據前面句子“In Brazil, soccer is the one topic that can turn friends into enemies.”可知，此處是指在巴西談論足球時，說一些負面的話會引起大麻煩。故選D項。
33. A. beneficial B. impressive C. dangerous D. emotional
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句意：即使表達對一個團隊的偏愛也可能是危險的。A.beneficial有益的；B.impressive印象深刻的；C.dangerous危險的；D.emotional易動感情的。根據前面句子“Saying anything???(32)???about soccer can cause big trouble.”可知，這里表示談論足球時，不管是積極的還是消極的言論都很危險。故選C項。
34. A. achievements B. secrets C. lives D. failures
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意：然而，他們不談論他們的個人或商業(yè)成就。A.achievements成就；B.secrets秘密；C.lives生活；D.failures失敗。根據后面句子“Boasting (夸大) your achievements will only make you the???(35)???of other people's jokes.”可知，此處是指澳大利亞人不談論他們的個人或商業(yè)成就。故選A項。
35. A. audience B. designer C. target D. interpreter
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意：炫耀你的成就只會讓你成為別人笑話的對象。A.audience聽眾；B.designer設計師；C.target目標，對象；D.interpreter口譯員。根據句意可知，故選C項。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In China, hot pot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ??(36)??(appear) in the Mongolia area and then became popular ? (37)???the southern part of China during the Tang Dynasty. And now it is still a popular dish for Chinese people.
Chinese hot pot has different flavors, ??(38)???are determined by different weather conditions. The most famous type is known as Chongqing hot pot or Sichuan hot pot. Its flavour follows Sichuan cuisine, containing many seasonings (佐料). However, it is not the same ??(39)???common Sichuan dishes. It is featured by the herbs and spices ??(40)??(use) in the soup base.
?In northeastern China, Mongolian hot pot is popular. In northern China, Beijing lamb hot pot is well-known. In southern China, people are more likely ?(41)??(have) seafood hot pot and Hong Kong beef hot pot. Besides, new ??(42)??(kind) of hot pot become popular across China, including "three fresh pot" in Hangzhou, "mixed hot pot" in Shanghai. Now, dry pot ??(43)??(consider) as a new type of hot pot in China. For dry pot, no soup base is added at the very ??(44)??(begin) but it can be added after the meat ingredients are eaten up. ??(45)??(general) speaking, vegetables, chicken and fish are excellent ingredients for dry pot.
36.【答案】appeared
【解析】本題考查時態(tài)。分析句子結構，and前后為并列成分，設空處和became為并列的謂語動詞，結合時間狀語during the Tang Dynasty可知，此處陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，需用一般過去時。故填appeared.
37.【答案】in
【解析】本題考查介詞。結合句意此處表示“在中國南方開始流行”，in?the southern part of...意為“在……的南部”，介詞in表示在某地范圍之內。故填in.
38.【答案】which
【解析】本題考查定語從句引導詞。句意：中國火鍋有不同的口味，這是由不同的天氣條件決定的。分析句子結構，此處為非限制性定語從句，從句缺少主語，先行詞為flavors，指物，因此要用which引導從句。故填which.
39.【答案】as
【解析】考查固定短語。句意：但是，它和普通的川菜不一樣。the same as...為固定短語，意為“與……一樣”。故填as.
40.【答案】used
【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構，整個句子的謂語動詞是is featured，設空處需填非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾名詞herbs and spices；use和herbs and spices為邏輯上的動賓關系，需用過去分詞形式。故填used.
41.【答案】to have
【解析】本題考查固定用法。句意：在中國南方，人們更喜歡吃海鮮火鍋和香港牛肉火鍋。be likely to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“有可能做某事”，設空處需填動詞不定式。故填to have.
42.【答案】kinds
【解析】?本題考查名詞復數。分析句子結構，new為形容詞，修飾名詞，故設空處需填名詞。kind為可數名詞，根據后文的including "three fresh pot" in Hangzhou, "mixed hot pot" in Shanghai. （包括杭州的“三鮮火鍋”，上海的“混合火鍋”。）可知，此處不止一種，需用名詞復數形式。故填kinds.
43.【答案】is considered
【解析】本題考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：現(xiàn)在，干鍋在中國被認為是一種新型的火鍋。結合語境，此處陳述客觀事實，需用一般現(xiàn)在時；dry pot和consider之間是被動關系，一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成形式是：am/is/are+done；主語dry pot為單數名詞，be動詞要用is.故填is considered.
44.【答案】beginning
【解析】本題考查固定短語。句意：對于干鍋，一開始不添加湯底，但可以在肉食材吃完后添加。at the very beginning為固定短語，意為“在一開始，最初”。故填beginning.
45.【答案】Generally
【解析】本題考查副詞。分析句子結構，設空處修飾動詞speaking，需用副詞形式，generally speaking為固定短語，意為“一般說來”，位于句首，單詞首字母需大寫。故填Generally.
第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
假定你是李華。你的好友Rick對中國文化非常的感興趣。他來信希望了解即將到來的端午節(jié)，請你給他回信。內容要點：
(1)介紹端午節(jié)基本情況 (時間、意義、風俗等)；
(2)邀請他來中國過端午節(jié)。
注意：(1)詞數 80左右；(2)可以適當增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫。
Dear Rick,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Rick, ? ? ?
? ? ?Knowing that you take a great fancy to Chinese culture, especially the Dragon Boat Festival，I would be more than happy to introduce it to you. The Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most?traditional?festivals?in?China, falls on the May 5th in the lunar calendar. People celebrate this festival in?memory of Qu Yuan, who was a Chinese poet. Besides, people in China will also hold a variety of activities to honor him, such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and so on.? ? ? ??
? ? ? ??Welcome to China. You will have an unforgettable experience if you come to China before this festival.
? Yours , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Li Hua
【解析】
【思路點撥】
這是一篇提綱類作文。需要寫的內容已經以提綱的形式給出，具體寫作細節(jié)又有發(fā)揮的空間。寫作時不要拘泥于對要點進行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內容，談談自己的看法和觀點，使文章更充實，組成通順連貫的短文。
【亮點短語】
1.take a fancy to喜歡，愛上；
2.more than非常；
3.fall on降臨；
4.in memory of為了紀念；
5.a variety of各種各樣的。
【高分句型】
Knowing that you take a great fancy to Chinese culture, especially the Dragon Boat Festival，I would be more than happy to introduce it to you. 我知道你非常喜歡中華文化，特別是端午節(jié)，我非常高興能把這個節(jié)日介紹給你。（現(xiàn)在分詞Knowing作狀語,表主動。）
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
閱讀下面短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要．
Living?in?a?foreign?country?probably?sounds?exciting?and?romantic?to?you．?Just?imagine?the
?noises?from?the?local?market?or?the?smell?of?strange?flowers?when?you?leave?the?house?in?the?
morning．?But?this?doesn't?mean?that?life?abroad?is?easy．?When?people?set?foot?in?a?foreign?land，
they?tend?to?keep?to?what?is?familiar．?Becoming?a?part?of?the?local?culture?can?be?the?hardest?part?
of?life?abroad．
??? However，?in?order?to?get?the?most?of?their?life?abroad，?people?need?to?break?out?of?their comfortable?routines?and?explore．?The?moment?you?let?go?of?false?ideas?and?stereotypes，?you?are?ready?to?take?your?first?major?step．?And?more?often?than?not，?living?in?a?foreign?country?can?be?a?
truly?life-changing?experience．
??? Even?for?experienced?travellers，?it?is?not?as?easy?as?it?seems?to?get?used?to?life?abroad．?Making?the?transition?from?living?like?a?visiting?holidaymaker?to?living?like?a?local?takes?time．?Culture?
shock?is?part?of?living?abroad?and?hits?everyone?eventually．?The?key?is?not?to?let?it?get?the?better?of?you．You?have?to?accept?that?things?are?not?the?same?as?they?are?at?home?and，until?you?get?to?
that?point，?try?to?respectful，?patient?and?humble．
??? Another?problem?is?that?the?charm?of?a?foreign?life?could?wear?off?as?time?passes?by．?For?most?people，?a?foreign?culture?appears?strange?and?exciting?at?first．?After?all，?the?main?reason?for?
moving?broad?is?of?ten?the?wish?to?explore?foreign?cultures．?However，?after?living?in?a?foreign?
country?for?a?while，?little?things?that?you?once?thought?were?charming?begin?to?annoy?you．?You?
remember?how?everything?ran?on?schedule?back?home，?how?beautiful?your?hometown?was?and?
how?much?more?relaxed?and?friendly?everyone?seemed?to?be．
??? So，?you'd?better?understand?issues?with?the?local?food，?or?problems?with?adjusting?to?the?pace?of?life?as?you?live?abroad?someday?in?the?future．
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Different from people's assumption that life abroad is full of romance，accepting the new culture and adapting to the new environment is difficult，for the reason that it is time-consuming to overcome culture conflict that one experiences in an unfamiliar environment，and that one is likely to suffer from homesickness．However，in order to make full use of the new culture，it is significant to be open to it and experience it．
【解析】
【高分句型一】
Different from people's assumption that life abroad is full of romance，accepting the new culture and adapting to the new environment is difficult，for the reason that it is time-consuming to overcome culture conflict that one experiences in an unfamiliar environment，and that one is likely to suffer from homesickness．
句意：與人們認為國外生活充滿浪漫的假設不同，接受新的文化并適應新的環(huán)境是困難的，因為在陌生的環(huán)境中經歷文化沖突是費時的，而且很可能會使人窒息。
語法點：本句是由that引導的定語從句。
【高分句型二】
However，in order to make full use of the new culture，it is significant to be open to it and experience it．
句意：然而，要充分利用新文化，開放和體驗新文化具有重要意義。
語法點：in order to為了，作目的狀語。
【寫作技巧指導】
概要寫作一般要遵循以下步驟：確定主題句；尋找關鍵詞；重構主題句；重組支持句。寫作時注意準確運用時態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時需注意積累短語和重要句型。