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所屬成套資源:2022年高三英語一輪復習之語法填空

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專題32 語法填空綜合強化09(各地名校最新模擬真題)-2022年高三英語一輪復習之語法填空

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這是一份專題32 語法填空綜合強化09(各地名校最新模擬真題)-2022年高三英語一輪復習之語法填空,共25頁。
?2022高考英語語法填空綜合強化09
(各地名校最新高考模擬真題)
(2022·四川·巴中市教育科學研究所一模)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
With the Tokyo Summer Olympics behind us, people are turning their eyes to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Game. Freestyle skier Gu Ailing, 18, seems to be one of the ____1____(superstar)of the event.
____2____(bear)to an American father and a Chinese mother, Gu decided to compete ____3____ China in the 2022 Winter Olympics in June 2019. Just two months later, she bagged her ____4____(one)gold medal for China at the Australia New Zealand Cup. Her strength continued to grow as she won one bronze and two gold medals in March.
People say she is ____5____(talent). But Gu says that talent counted for “only 1percent" of her wins, adding that her hard work is ____6____ counts. While going to school in San Francisco, Gu could only practice on weekends. She spent eight hours going to the ski hill and back, doing her homework on the way and making full use of her time at the hill ____7____(practice)skiing.
Gu said she wants to encourage more girls in China to try skiing and other extreme sports, many of which have only been known there for 20 years, according to the Olympics website. She said skiing gives her freedom and creativity, ____8____ (especial)when she perfectly controls her body and does tricks that others cannot do.
Now she ____9____(prepare)for the Winter Olympics as a full-time athlete. “Of course I want to win medals and even golds,” Gu said. "But what's more important is to bring out ____10____ own style, enjoy the game and love the sport.”
(2022·安徽馬鞍山·一模)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The United States wastes nearly 40 million tons of food every year, which ____11____ (be) about 30—40 percent of the entire US food supply. Wasting food has consequences: it wastes the water and energy it took to produce it, ____12____ generates greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide, which contribute____13____ global warming. The production of ____14____ (waste) food in the United States is equal to the greenhouse emissions of 37 million cars. If Americans continue on the same path of food loss, the____15____ (environment) impact could be disastrous.
If reducing food insecurity and saving the planet aren't enough ____16____ (inspire) action to reduced food waste, perhaps one more good reason will, money. According to the nonprofit organization Feeding America, the average American family of four throws out $1,600 a year in produce. Multiply that by the typical 18 years that a child lives at home and you could ____17____ (easy) pay for a year's worth of tuition at any America's private college or university.
The good news is____18____ several states across the country are taking action to control food waste. California, New York, and Vermont have passed laws that restrict the amount of food waste going to landfills. Vernmont's “Universal Recycling Law” ____19____ (go) into effect in July 2020. As a result of the new law, food_____20_____ (donation) statewide have increased by 40 percent.
(2021·四川·內(nèi)江市教育科學研究所一模)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinese carmakers are taking the lead in developing the intelligent cockpit (駕駛座艙),____21____ is becoming a key part of the modern driving experience.
Intelligent cockpits combine smart technologies with ____22____ (vary) driving functions, such as voice recognition for vehicle commands and the entertainment and navigation (導航) systems.
According to a report ____23____ (publish) by patent research firm PatSnap last week, globally there have been 193, 000 patent applications related ____24____ intelligent cockpits.
Of those, China owns 82, 300 applications, accounting for 42.56 percent of the total and ____25____ (rank) first worldwide. It means that the country has become the ____26____ (much) important market for intelligent cockpit technology, according to the report.
Japan ranks ____27____ (two) with 31, 900 patent applications and the United States follows with 19, 300. The patent applications of the top three nations account for around 70 percent of the total.
A representative from PatSnap has said the three countries represent the development trend of the automobile industry to a certain degree as they ____28____ (be) the three largest auto producers worldwide.
It can ____29____ (see) that under the global trend of autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles, the intelligent cockpit has become one of the vital development ______30______ (direction) of the future of mobility, the report said.
(2022·湖南省祁陽縣第一中學二模)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
China’s Shenzhou-13 crew members Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu livestreamed (直播) a science lecture from the country’s space station on December 9, 2021.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut to enter China’s space station, ____31____ (give) the students a tour of their living and working areas with the assistance of her two male crewmates. She showed their bedrooms, the toilet, a ____32____ (full) functional kitchen, the area where they conduct experiments, and their fitness equipment, a spin bike ____33____ (include).
After the tour, they demonstrated several scientific ____34____ (experiment) under zero-gravity conditions. First, Ye demonstrated experiments related to the ____35____ (grow) of cells in the weightless environment in space. Ye and Wang demonstrated and explained ____36____ astronauts cannot walk in space like they did on the ground ____37____ how angular momentum (角動量) helps them turn around in zero gravity. ____38____ team also conducted an experiment to show how lack of gravity causes loss in buoyancy (浮力).
At the end of the class, ____39____ (satisfy) students’ curiosity, the three astronauts conducted a real time question-and-answer session. “The secrets of space and science are boundless, and the future is _____40_____ (you) ”, said Zhai, commander of the Shenzhou-13 mission.
(2022·山西呂梁·一模)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Little Prince is ____41____ children’s fantasy book which ____42____ (write) and illustrated by the French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupery during World War Ⅱ, but it is also enjoyed by adults.
It mainly tells a story about a lonely prince ____43____ (come) from another planet. The little prince meets a pilot ____44____ has crashed in the desert and the two become friends. The book talks about the importance of looking beneath the surface of things ____45____ (uncover) their real meanings. I like it because it has made me think a lot about life and death, love and responsibility, friendship and ____46____ (lonely). One of the most ____47____ (memory) characters in the book is a rose, which the little prince fell in love with. I am really touched by the line—“It’s the time you spend on your rose that ____48____ (make) your rose so important.”—because it shows how we form special bonds with others by caring and taking responsibility for them.
____49____ (personal), I think it is a touching book suitable for people _____50_____ all ages.
(2021·上海嘉定·模擬預測)Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Quality Sleep Protects Your Brain
Having trouble thinking creatively? Not able to focus on tasks that need to get done? Poor sleep could potentially be _____51_____(blame). It turns out lack of sleep can do a number on your brain—and not just in the short term.
Research suggests not getting enough quality sleep can have serious permanent negative consequences. On the other hand, good sleep habits can have lasting benefits. Below are three research-backed brain benefits of sleep.
Stimulates creativity
Thinking in new, imaginative ways requires a well-rested brain. On the contrary, a brain _____52_____(suffer)from a lack of sleep is unable to think creatively.
A study _____53_____(report)in the journal Nature bears this out. For the study, participants learned a task _____54_____ they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the questions they were asked. Their initial training _____55_____(follow)by eight hours of nighttime sleep or wakefulness or daytime wakefulness.
More than twice as many participants gained insight into the hidden rule after sleep as those who did after wakefulness, regardless of the time of day. The researchers concluded that "sleep, by restructuring new memory representations, _____56_____(facilitate)obtaining of expressive knowledge and insightful behavior.”
Reduces depression
Often influenced by chemical imbalances in the brain, depression and sleep problems go hand-in-hand. People with depression may either have a hard time sleeping or else get too much sleep.
While it's not clear _____57_____ lack of sleep causes depression, it can worsen it. Studies show people who sleep fewer than six or more than nine hours a night are more likely to be depressed than those _____58_____between.
Solidifies memories
One of sleep's main functions is to help improve memory. It does this by enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways(神經(jīng)通路) _____59_____ reducing those it doesn't need. For example, your brain ______60______(not need)to keep every sensory impression collected during your waking hours.
(2022·浙江省桐廬中學模擬預測)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Not long ago, an article, entitled One Day In Space by China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei, was included in the Chinese textbook. Reading ____61____article, many people are ____62____(true) astonished at Yang’s courage. Yang was 38 when he made the trip to space on Oct.15, 2003, ____63____(make) China the third country — after the US and Russia —____64____(master) manned space capabilities.
In his article, Yang recalled several breathtaking moments when back alive. When an incident happened, the pain grew ____65____(bear). The near-deadly moment lasted for 26 seconds ____66____it was finally over. Yang also described what the earth, his country, and his city looked like from space.
Since Yang’s first trip to space, a number of technologies ____67____(apply) to the spacecraft, including space Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, smart home applications, and ____68____(variety) of space foods. Just as Yang put____69____, he “envied” a lot that his fellow spacemen have such comfortable space accommodations, _____70_____shows how China’s space program has grown.
(2021·河北衡水中學模擬預測)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The advance of technology in our lives has been kind of stopped in New York City. Up to now, lawmakers ____71____ (pass) a bill to ban cashless businesses. With many parts of the world going through a seemingly relentless (持續(xù)強烈的) drive to replace cash ____72____ plastic or digital payments, New York City officials have decided cash still has a ____73____ (value) part to play in our lives. Officials have approved legislation (立法) that forbids stores and restaurants from refusing ____74____ (accept) cash.They want to make shopping easier for people ____75____ (prefer) to pay via traditional means, through notes and coins, ____76____ means businesses in the city will no longer be able to require that ____77____ (customer) make use of cashless payment methods.
Businesses that break the new regulation could face heavy fines of up to $ 1,500 for each offense (違法行為). Critics of cashless businesses say they discriminate (歧視) against people who are much ____78____ (poor) than others. Many of them do not have bank accounts or credit cards. One citizen said, “I worry about the real—world discriminatory effect cashless businesses can have on New Yorkers, ____79____ (especial) in communities of color.” Many people also think _____80_____ is unfair not to accept cash because some people can’t get credit.
(2021·江蘇省昆山中學二模)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A ban on distracted walking
You can‘t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies (僵尸)”.
They are too absorbed in their screen____81____(watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident ____82____ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.
Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those ____83____ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to$ 100.
Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban ____84____ is called “distracted walking”. It comes after a study found there ____85____ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.
To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city ____86____ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”
Under the fine systems ____87____ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.
The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians ____88____ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid ____89____ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait ____90____ you are again, safely, off the street.
(2021·上海普陀·一模)Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Billionaires Race to Space
In late July 2021, Jeff Bezos achieved an out-of-this-world ambition. The billionaire founder of Amazon ____91____ (fly) to the edge of space—62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth’s surface—on a rocket designed by his company Blue Origin.
“Best day ever,” Bezos said over the radio to mission control after landing safely back on Earth, ____92____others weren’t so impressed. They called the mission an enormous waste of money. Bezos, they argued, ____93____be spending his billions to improve things on Earth.
Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space. Nor was he the first ____94____ (criticize) about wasting enormous personal wealth. A week ____95____the Amazon founder made history, business owner Richard Branson did, too. Branson became the first person to fly to space on a rocket he helped fund, ____96____ (develop) by his company Virgin Galactic.
Critics say that the money ____97____ (go) toward commercial space travel would be better spent on ____98____they see as more important pursuits. These include working to cure diseases, reducing poverty, and helping to solve the climate crisis. Besides, launching spacecrafts is harmful to the planet, critics declare. ____99____naturalist Holly Haworth pointed out in Sierra magazine, “traveling in rockets is arguably the most carbon-emitting thing an individual can do.”
But supporters of commercial space travel argue that it does benefit humanity. Personal funds _____100_____ (put) toward high-paying jobs and a new industry. That’s money they could have spent on new limousines or villas for themselves, supporters say. Plus, their companies are investing in new technologies that increase access to space and drive innovation in other areas as well.

參考答案:
1.superstars
2.Born
3.for
4.first
5.talented
6.what
7.to practice
8.especially
9.is preparing
10.my
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了18歲的自由式滑雪運動員谷愛凌的相關信息。
1.
考查名詞。句意:18歲的自由式滑雪運動員谷愛凌似乎是該項目的超級明星之一。本句中使用了“one of the+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“……之一”,設空處需填可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。故填superstars。
2.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:谷愛凌的母親是中國人,父親是美國人,她在2019年6月作出決定,代表中國參加2022年冬奧會。短語be born to表示“為……所生”,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設空處需填入非謂語形式,且位于句首,首字母需大寫。故填Born。
3.
考查介詞。句意為:谷愛凌的母親是中國人,父親是美國人,她在2019年6月作出決定,代表中國參加2022年冬奧會。短語compete for表示“代表……參賽”。故填for。
4.
考查序數(shù)詞。句意:僅僅兩個月后,她在澳大利亞-新西蘭杯上為中國獲得了她的第一枚金牌。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示“第一枚”,應用序數(shù)詞。故填first。
5.
考查形容詞。句意:人們說她很有天賦。分析句子可知,設空處應填形容詞作表語,talent的形容詞是talented,表示“有天賦的”。故填talented。
6.
考查表語從句連接詞。句意:但谷愛凌說,在她的勝利中,天賦只占“百分之一”,并補充說,她的努力才是最重要的。分析句子可知,設空處引導表語從句,并在從句中作主語,指代事物,用連接代詞what。故填what。
7.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:她花了八個小時往返于滑雪場,在路上做作業(yè),并充分利用在滑雪場的時間練習滑雪。make full use of one’s time to do sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu),表示“充分利用某人的時間做某事”。故填to practice。
8.
考查副詞。句意:她說滑雪給了她自由和創(chuàng)造力,尤其是當她完美地控制自己的身體,做別人做不到的動作時。分析句子可知,設空處修飾后面的從句,應用副詞形式。故填especially。
9.
考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:現(xiàn)在她正以全職運動員的身份為冬季奧運會做準備。根據(jù)句首的時間副詞“Now現(xiàn)在”可知,本句應用現(xiàn)在進行時,主語為she,故填is preparing。
10.
考查代詞。句意:但更重要的是展現(xiàn)我自己的風格,享受比賽,熱愛這項運動。my own表示“我自己的”,符合句意。故填my。
【點睛】
11.is
12.a(chǎn)nd
13.to
14.wasted
15.environmental
16.to inspire
17.easily
18.that
19.went
20.donations
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了美國的食物浪費問題嚴重以及一些州為控制食物浪費所采取的行動。
11.
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:美國每年浪費近4000萬噸食物,約占美國全部食物供應的30%到40%。根據(jù)上文every year可知應用一般現(xiàn)在時,且此處為非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞nearly 40 million tons of food,從句中謂語應用單數(shù)形式。故填is。
12.
考查連詞。句意:浪費食物會造成后果:它浪費了生產(chǎn)所需的水和能源,并產(chǎn)生甲烷和二氧化碳等溫室氣體,導致全球變暖。結(jié)合前后文語境可知此處generate與waste為并列謂語,應用連詞and。故填and。
13.
考查固定短語。句意:浪費食物會造成后果:它浪費了生產(chǎn)所需的水和能源,并產(chǎn)生甲烷和二氧化碳等溫室氣體,導致全球變暖。結(jié)合句意表示“導致”可知短語為contribute to。故填to。
14.
考查形容詞。句意:美國浪費食物的產(chǎn)量相當于3700萬輛汽車的溫室氣體排放量。修飾后文名詞food應用形容詞wasted。故填wasted。
15.
考查形容詞。句意:如果美國人繼續(xù)走糧食浪費的老路,對環(huán)境的影響將是災難性的。修飾后文名詞impact應用形容詞environmental,作定語。故填environmental。
16.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:如果減少糧食不安全和拯救地球還不足以激勵人們采取行動減少糧食浪費,或許還有一個更好的理由,那就是錢。表示“足以做某事”短語為be enough to do sth.。故填to inspire。
17.
考查副詞。句意:將這個數(shù)字乘以一個孩子在家里生活的18年,你就可以輕松地支付美國任何一所私立學院或大學一年的學費。修飾動詞pay應用副詞easily,作狀語。故填easily。
18.
考查表語從句。句意:好消息是,全國有幾個州正在采取行動控制食物浪費。引導表語從句,從句中不缺少成分,句意完整,用只起連接作用的that引導。故填that。
19.
考查時態(tài)。句意:弗蒙特的“普遍回收法”于2020年7月生效。根據(jù)后文in July 2020可知應用一般過去時。故填went。
20.
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:由于這項新法律,全州的食品捐贈增加了40%。donation為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)后文have increased by 40 percent可知應用復數(shù)形式。故填donations。
21.which
22.various##varied
23.published
24.to
25.ranking
26.most
27.second
28.a(chǎn)re##have been
29.be seen
30.directions
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇新聞報道。報道了中國汽車制造商在開發(fā)智能座艙方面處于世界領先地位,智能座艙正成為現(xiàn)代駕駛體驗的重要組成部分。
21.
考查定語從句。句意:中國汽車制造商在開發(fā)智能座艙方面處于領先地位,智能座艙正成為現(xiàn)代駕駛體驗的重要組成部分。分析可知,此處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為the intelligent cockpit,關系代詞which引導從句,在從句中作主語,指代事物。故填which。
22.
考查形容詞。句意:智能駕駛艙將智能技術與多種駕駛功能結(jié)合在一起,比如車輛命令的語音識別、娛樂和導航系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)后文名詞functions可知,此處應用形容詞various或varied作定語修飾名詞。故填various/varied。
23.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:根據(jù)專利研究公司PatSnap上周發(fā)布的一份報告,全球有19.3萬件與智能駕駛艙內(nèi)相關的專利申請。非謂語動詞publish和所修飾的名詞report之間是被動關系,故用其過去分詞作后置定語。故填published。
24.
考查介詞。句意:根據(jù)專利研究公司PatSnap上周發(fā)布的一份報告,全球有19.3萬件與智能駕駛艙內(nèi)相關的專利申請。relate to“與……有關”是固定搭配。故填to。
25.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:其中,中國有82,300人申請,占總數(shù)的42.56%,位居世界第一。非謂語動詞rank和主語之間是主動關系,故用其現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,和前文accounting并列。故填ranking。
26.
考查最高級。句意:報告稱,這意味著中國已成為智能座艙技術最重要的市場。根據(jù)句意可知,此處用most構(gòu)成形容詞important的最高級。故填most。
27.
考查序數(shù)詞。句意:日本以31,900件專利申請排名第二,美國以19,300件緊隨其后。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應用序數(shù)詞表示“排名第二”。故填second。
28.
考查時態(tài)。句意:PatSnap的一位代表表示,這三個國家在一定程度上代表了汽車行業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢,因為它們是(已經(jīng)成為)世界上最大的三個汽車生產(chǎn)商。根據(jù)句意可知,此處描述現(xiàn)在事實,故可用一般現(xiàn)在時;也可用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示過去的狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的影響,意為“已經(jīng)成為”。主語為復數(shù),故填are/have been。
29.
考查被動語態(tài)。句意:報告稱,可以看出,在自動駕駛、互聯(lián)、電動和共享汽車的全球趨勢下,智能座艙已成為未來移動的重要發(fā)展方向之一。謂語動詞see和主語(it為形式主語,替代后面that引導的主語從句)之間是被動關系,故用被動語態(tài),情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形。故填be seen。
30.
考查名詞復數(shù)。句意:報告稱,可以看出,在自動駕駛、互聯(lián)、電動和共享汽車的全球趨勢下,智能座艙已成為未來移動的重要發(fā)展方向之一。根據(jù)前文one of可知,此處應用可數(shù)名詞direction的復數(shù)形式。故填directions。
31.gave
32.fully
33.included
34.experiments
35.growth
36.why
37.a(chǎn)nd
38.The
39.to satisfy
40.yours
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了2021年12月9日,中國神舟13號機組成員在國家空間站進行科學講座的事情。
31.
考查時態(tài)。句意:在課程開始時,王亞平是第一位進入中國空間站的女宇航員,她在兩名男宇航員的幫助下,讓學生們參觀了他們的生活和工作區(qū)域。由上文時間狀語on December 9, 2021可知,謂語動詞give用一般過去時,表示動作已發(fā)生。故填gave。
32.
考查副詞。句意:她展示了他們的臥室、衛(wèi)生間、功能齊全的廚房、他們進行實驗的區(qū)域,以及他們的健身設備,其中包括一輛旋轉(zhuǎn)自行車。此處用副詞fully作狀語,修飾形容詞functional。故填fully。
33.
考查過去分詞。句意:她展示了他們的臥室、衛(wèi)生間、功能齊全的廚房、他們進行實驗的區(qū)域,以及他們的健身設備,其中包括一輛旋轉(zhuǎn)自行車。主句已有謂語showed且無連詞,動詞include用非謂語形式,邏輯主語a spin bike與動詞include是動賓關系,用過去分詞形式形容詞included (包括在內(nèi)的)表被動,做后置定語。故填included。
34.
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:參觀結(jié)束后,他們在零重力條件下演示了幾項科學實驗。experiment是可數(shù)名詞,由several修飾,用其名詞復數(shù)形式。故填experiments。
35.
考查名詞。句意:首先,葉光富展示了與太空失重環(huán)境中細胞生長相關的實驗。the   5   (grow) of cells是名詞所有格結(jié)構(gòu),用抽象名詞growth。故填growth。
36.
考查賓語從句連接詞。句意:葉光富和王亞平演示并解釋了為什么宇航員不能像在地面上那樣在太空中行走,以及角動量如何幫助他們在零重力下轉(zhuǎn)動。謂語動詞explain后接賓語從句,該空在從句中做原因狀語,用連接副詞why。故填why。
37.
考查連詞。句意:葉光富和王亞平演示并解釋了為什么宇航員不能像在地面上那樣在太空中行走,以及角動量如何幫助他們在零重力下轉(zhuǎn)動。前后兩句是并列關系,用并列連詞and。故填and。
38.
考查冠詞。句意:該團隊還進行了一項實驗,以證明缺乏重力是如何導致浮力損失的。此處特指“由翟志剛、王亞平和葉光富三人組成的團隊”,用定冠詞the表特指,首字母大寫。故填The。
39.
考查動詞不定式。句意:課程結(jié)束時,為了滿足學生的好奇心,三名宇航員進行了實時問答。此處用動詞不定式(to do)做目的狀語。故填to satisfy。
40.
考查代詞。句意:“太空和科學的秘密是無限的,未來是你的,”神舟13號任務指揮官翟志剛說。此處指“未來是你們的未來”,用名詞性物主代詞yours指代“你們的未來”作表語。故填yours。
41.a(chǎn)
42.was written
43.coming
44.who##that
45.to uncover
46.loneliness
47.memorable
48.makes
49.Personally
50.of
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了《小王子》這本書以及作者對這部作品的感想。
41.
考查冠詞。句意:《小王子》是一本兒童故事書,是由法國作家Antoine de Saint-Exupery在二戰(zhàn)時期所寫。根據(jù)句子分析可知,book為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指“一本兒童故事書”,故要用不定冠詞限定,又因空格后單詞children是以輔音音素開頭的單詞,所以用不定冠詞an限定,故填a。
42.
考查動詞語態(tài)。句意:《小王子》是一本兒童故事書,是由法國作家Antoine de Saint-Exupery在二戰(zhàn)時期所寫。分析句子可知,關系代詞which引導定語從句,指代先行詞book,在從句中作主語,提示詞write是從句中謂語動詞,與主語which (book)之間為被動關系,再結(jié)合下文的時間狀語during world war Ⅱ可知,應用一般過去時被動語態(tài),可知答案為was written。
43.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:它主要講述一個來自另外一個星球的孤獨的王子的故事。根據(jù)句子分析可知,come在句子中做a lonely prince的定語,且a lonely prince與come構(gòu)成主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動,故填coming。
44.
考查定語從句。句意:這個小王子遇到了一個落難在沙漠的宇航員,他們成為了朋友。根據(jù)句子分析可知,pilot為先行詞,指人,后跟限制性定語從句,從句中缺主語,故用who或者that引導該定語從句,故填who/that。
45.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:這本書主要講述探索事物表面以下東西的重要性是為了揭露它們真正的意義。根據(jù)句意可知,“(uncover) their real meanings”是“l(fā)ooking beneath the surface of things”的目的,應用不定式作目的狀語,故填to uncover。
46.
考查名詞。句意:我喜歡這本書是因為這本書讓我想到了很多關于生死、愛與責任、友誼與孤獨的東西。結(jié)合上文的friendship可知,此處and連接兩個并列名詞,故填loneliness。
47.
考查形容詞。句意:這本書中最讓人印象深刻的是一朵玫瑰花。結(jié)合句意和空格前the most可知,此處應填形容詞memorable,構(gòu)成形容詞最高級,作定語修飾名詞characters,故填memorable。
48.
考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:你花在你玫瑰上的時間使得你的玫瑰變得如此總要。根據(jù)句子分析可知,此句為強調(diào)句,被強調(diào)部分“the time you spend on your rose”是主語,提示詞make是謂語動詞,句中描述客觀事情,用一般現(xiàn)在時,又因主語the time是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞應用一般現(xiàn)在時單數(shù)形式,故填makes。
49.
考查副詞。句意:在我看來,這是一本適合各個年齡段的感人的故事。根據(jù)句意可知,提示詞在句中作評注性狀語,應用副詞形式,表示“就個人而言”,另外,句首單詞首字母大寫,故填Personally。
50.
考查介詞。句意:在我看來,這是一本適合各個年齡段的感人的故事。根據(jù)句意可知,of all ages意為“各個年齡段的”,故填of。
51.to blame
52.suffering
53.reported
54.where
55.was followed
56.facilitates
57.whether##if
58.in
59.while
60.doesn’t need
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了高質(zhì)量的睡眠是如何保護你的大腦的。
51.
考查短語。句意:睡眠不好可能是罪魁禍首。be to blame該受責備;應負責任。故填to blame。
52.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:相反,缺乏睡眠的大腦無法創(chuàng)造性地思考。名詞brain與suffer from之間為主動關系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填suffering。
53.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的一項研究證實了這一點。名詞study與report之間為被動關系,所以用過去分詞作后置定語。故填reported。
54.
考查定語從句。句意:在這項研究中,參與者學習了一項任務,他們必須在被問及的問題中識別出隱藏的模式。句中先行詞為task,在定語從句中作地點狀語,所以用關系副詞where引導。故填where。
55.
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:他們最初的訓練之后是8小時的夜間睡眠或清醒或白天清醒。陳述過去事情,用一般過去時。主語training與follow之間為被動關系,所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was followed。
56.
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:研究人員得出結(jié)論:“通過重組新的記憶表征,睡眠有助于獲得有表現(xiàn)力的知識和有洞察力的行為?!标愂隹陀^事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語sleep為不可數(shù)名詞,所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填facilitates。
57.
考查名詞性從句。句意:雖然目前還不清楚睡眠不足是否會導致抑郁癥,但它可能會使抑郁癥惡化。本句為主語從句,從句不缺少成分,句意完整,且有“是否”之意。故填whether/if。
58.
考查介詞。句意:研究表明,每晚睡眠時間少于6個小時或超過9個小時的人比睡眠時間介于兩者之間的人更容易抑郁。這里表示“在少于6個小時或超過9個小時兩者之間”,所以用介詞in。故填in。
59.
考查連詞。句意:它通過使大腦加強某些神經(jīng)通路,同時減少不需要的神經(jīng)通路來做到這一點。結(jié)合句意可知,這里用連詞while,表示“與……同時”,引導時間狀語從句。故填while。
60.
考查時態(tài)。句意:例如,你的大腦不需要在你醒著的時候收集每一個感官印象。陳述客觀事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語是your brain是單數(shù),所以用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填doesn’t need。
61.the
62.truly
63.making
64.to master
65.unbearable
66.before
67.have been applied
68.varieties
69.it
70.which
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇說明文,主要介紹了中國航空第一人——楊利偉以非凡的勇氣完成太空首航的偉大任務。從那以后,中國的航天事業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,令世人矚目。
61.
考查冠詞。句意:讀這篇文章時,很多人都對楊利偉非凡的勇氣感到驚嘆。此處特指前文提到的“an article, entitled One Day In Space(一篇名為《太空中的一天》的文章)”,故填the。
62.
考查副詞。句意:讀這篇文章時,很多人都對楊利偉非凡的勇氣感到驚嘆。此處應填寫副詞,修飾后面的形容詞astonished,故填truly。
63.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:楊利偉在2003年10月15日進行太空飛行。當時他已經(jīng)38歲了。這次太空之行讓中國成為繼美國和俄羅斯之后第三個掌握載人航天能力的國家。前面的事情自然而然地產(chǎn)生了后面的結(jié)果,這種情況要用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,故填making。
64.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:楊利偉在2003年10月15日進行太空飛行。當時他已經(jīng)38歲了。這次太空之行讓中國成為繼美國和俄羅斯之后第三個掌握載人航天能力的國家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知,在句中應用非謂語形式作后置定語。被修飾的名詞前有序數(shù)詞“the first”修飾時,慣常用動詞不定式作后置定語,故填to master。
65.
考查動詞與形容詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:當一件事發(fā)生時,痛苦變得難以忍受。Grow作“變得”解釋時,為系動詞;根據(jù)句意及空格前的系動詞可知,此處應使用bear的同根形容詞作表語,修飾主語the pain,故填unbearable。
66.
考查時間狀語從句連詞。句意:瀕臨死亡的時刻就這樣持續(xù)了26秒直到最終疼痛消失。根據(jù)空格前句句意“瀕死的時刻持續(xù)了26秒”與空格后句“最終消失”可知,前句表述動作持續(xù)進行,直到后句表述動作發(fā)生才停止,可使用時間狀語從句連詞before。故填before。
67.
考查謂語動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意:自從楊利偉的首次太空之旅之后,很多科技陸續(xù)被應用到太空飛船上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設空處在句中作謂語。根據(jù)時間狀語since可知,此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語a number of technologies與apply之間為被動關系,且主語為復數(shù)概念,故填have been applied。
68.
考查名詞。句意:自從楊利偉的首次太空之旅之后,很多科技陸續(xù)被應用到太空飛船上,包括太空無線網(wǎng)絡、藍牙、智能家庭應用和各種太空食物。Varieties of sth為固定搭配,意為“各種各樣的;種類繁多的”,故填varieties。
69.
考查代詞。句意:正如楊利偉描述的那樣,他很“嫉妒”后來的宇航員同伴有如此舒適的太空居所。這表明如今的中國航空發(fā)展事業(yè)發(fā)展地多么迅猛。As sb puts it為固定搭配,意為“正如某人所說的那樣”,故填it。
70.
考查定語從句連詞。句意:正如楊利偉描述的那樣,他很“嫉妒”后來的宇航員同伴有如此舒適的太空居所。這表明如今的中國航空發(fā)展事業(yè)發(fā)展地多么迅猛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處引導非限定性定語從句,關系詞此處指代前面的主句,關系詞在從句中作主語,指物,故填which。
71.have passed
72.with
73.valuable
74.to accept
75.preferring
76.which
77.customers
78.poorer
79.especially
80.it
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了隨著科技的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)金使用頻率降低,政府正在采取措施改變這一現(xiàn)象。
71.
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:到目前為止,立法者已經(jīng)通過了一項禁止無現(xiàn)金業(yè)務的法案。根據(jù)時間狀語Up to now可知,此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時(have/has done),表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。主語為名詞復數(shù),主謂一致。故填have passed。
72.
考查介詞。句意:隨著世界上許多地方似乎都在不斷地用信用卡或數(shù)字支付取代現(xiàn)金,紐約市官員認為,現(xiàn)金在我們的生活中仍有重要作用。replace…with…“以(用)……代替……”符合句意,介詞with意為“用”。故填with。
73.
考查形容詞。句意:隨著世界上許多地方似乎都在不斷地用信用卡或數(shù)字支付取代現(xiàn)金,紐約市官員認為,現(xiàn)金在我們的生活中仍有重要作用。根據(jù)后文名詞part可知,此處應用value的形容詞valuable作定語修飾名詞。故填valuable。
74.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:官員們批準了禁止商店和餐館拒收現(xiàn)金的立法。refuse to do sth“拒絕做某事”是固定句式,動詞不定式作賓語。故填to accept。
75.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:他們希望讓那些喜歡通過紙幣和硬幣等傳統(tǒng)方式付款的人更容易購物,這意味著該市的企業(yè)將不再能夠要求客戶使用無現(xiàn)金付款方式。分析可知,此處為非謂語,動詞prefer和所修飾的名詞people之間是主動關系,故用其現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填preferring。
76.
考查定語從句。句意:他們希望讓那些喜歡通過紙幣和硬幣等傳統(tǒng)方式付款的人更容易購物,這意味著該市的企業(yè)將不再能夠要求客戶使用無現(xiàn)金付款方式。分析句子可知,此處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為前面主句部分,關系代詞which引導從句,在從句中作主語。故填which。
77.
考查名詞復數(shù)。句意:他們希望讓那些喜歡通過紙幣和硬幣等傳統(tǒng)方式付款的人更容易購物,這意味著該市的企業(yè)將不再能夠要求客戶使用無現(xiàn)金付款方式??蓴?shù)名詞customer前面沒有冠詞,零冠詞可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)表泛指。故填customers。
78.
考查形容詞比較級。句意:對無現(xiàn)金企業(yè)持批評態(tài)度的人說,這些企業(yè)歧視比別人窮得多的人。根據(jù)后文比較介詞than可知,此處形容詞poor應用比較級作表語。故填poorer。
79.
考查副詞。句意:我擔心現(xiàn)實世界中,無現(xiàn)金企業(yè)可能會對紐約人造成歧視,尤其是有色人種社區(qū)。副詞especially通常用來對前面所述的事件進行進一步的說明或補充。此處強調(diào)狀語in communities of color。故填especially。
80.
考查代詞、形式主語。句意:許多人還認為不接受現(xiàn)金是不公平的,因為有些人無法獲得信貸。分析可知,think后賓語從句中是it is+形容詞+to do sth句型,此處應用代詞it作形式主語。故填it。
81.to watch
82.because##as
83.caught
84.what
85.had been
86.where
87.whoever
88.can##may
89.being fined
90.until
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新聞報道,主要講的是現(xiàn)在,夏威夷檀香山市決定,是時候立即采取行動,將過馬路時使用手機定為違法行為。那些被發(fā)現(xiàn)在路口使用手機、平板電腦或其他電子設備的人可能面臨最高100美元的罰款。
81.
考查不定式。句意:他們太專注于屏幕,看不清自己在往哪里走。根據(jù)語境可知,句子表示“他們太專注于屏幕,看不清自己在往哪里走”,too...to...為固定搭配,意為“太……而不能……”,因此空格處用不定式to watch,故填to watch。
82.
考查連詞。句意:近四成的人承認曾發(fā)生過與科技相關的小事故,因為他們把更多的注意力放在電子設備上而不是路面上?!皌hey pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement”是前面“having suffered a technology-related small accident”的原因,因此空格處是“因為”,是because/as,故填because/as。
83.
考查過去分詞。句意:那些被發(fā)現(xiàn)在路口使用手機、平板電腦或其他電子設備的人可能面臨最高100美元的罰款。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子謂語是could face,空格處用非謂語形式,那些人是“被抓住”,因此空格處用過去分詞表被動,作后置定語,故填caught。
84.
考查賓語從句的連接詞。句意:檀香山是美國第一個禁止“走路走神”的主要城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處引導賓語從句,從句中缺少主語,因此空格處用連接代詞what,故填what。
85.
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:此前的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在過去幾年里,美國有超過1.1萬人因走路時因手機分心而受傷。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“美國有超過1.1萬人因走路時因手機分心而受傷”是發(fā)生在found之前,因此空格處用過去完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的過去之前的動作,因此空格處是過去完成時had been,故填had been。
86.
考查定語從句的關系詞。句意:我們有幸成為美國主要城市中行人在人行橫道上被撞的人數(shù)最多的城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處引導定語從句,從句中不缺主語或賓語,空格處用關系副詞,先行詞city是地方,因此空格處用關系副詞where,故填where。
87.
考查主語從句的連接詞。句意:在罰款制度下,第一次違反這項法律的人將被處以15到35美元的罰款。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處引導主語從句,從句中缺少主語,且根據(jù)語境可知,句子表示“第一次違反這項法律的人將被處以15到35美元的罰款”,也就是“無論誰第一次違反這項法律都會被處以15到35美元的罰款”,因此空格處是“無論誰”,是whoever,故填whoever。
88.
考查情態(tài)動詞。句意:行人可以在街上使用這種設備呼叫緊急服務和救援人員,如消防隊員和警察。根據(jù)語境可知,句子表示“行人可以在街上使用這種設備呼叫緊急服務和救援人員,如消防隊員和警察”,因此空格處是“可以”,空格后是動詞原形,因此空格處是情態(tài)動詞can/may,故填can/may。
89.
考查動名詞的被動式。句意:如果你仍然想邊走邊發(fā)短信,你可以使用語音控制的數(shù)字助理Siri或谷歌assistant,從而避免在檀香山被罰款。avoid doing sth.是固定短語,意為“避免做某事”,根據(jù)語境可知,是“避免被罰款”,因此空格處是動名詞的被動式,即being done,故填being fined。
90.
考查連詞。句意:或者你可以等到你再次安全離開這條街。根據(jù)語境可知,句子表示“你可以等到你再次安全離開這條街”,因此空格處是“直到”,即until,故填until。
91.flew
92.while
93.should
94.to be criticized
95.before
96.developed
97.going
98.what
99.The
100.a(chǎn)re put

【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇議論文。文章闡述了人們對亞馬遜的億萬富翁創(chuàng)始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin設計的火箭飛到了距離地球表面62英里的太空邊緣這件事的批評和支持的觀點。
91.
考查時態(tài)。句意:這位亞馬遜的億萬富翁創(chuàng)始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin設計的火箭飛到了距離地球表面62英里(100公里)的太空邊緣。根據(jù)前一句的時間狀語“In late July 2021”可知句子時態(tài)是一般過去時,動詞使用過去式flew。故填flew。
92.
考查連詞。句意:“有史以來最好的一天,”貝佐斯在安全返回地球后通過無線電對任務控制中心說,而其他人則沒有這么印象深刻。結(jié)合句意可知用while表示前后的對比表示“然而”。故填while。
93.
考查情態(tài)動詞。句意:他們辯論,貝佐斯應該花費數(shù)十億美元來改善地球上的一切。結(jié)合前文“他們認為這次太空任務是一種金錢的浪費”,可知他們辯論說貝佐斯應該花費數(shù)十億美元來改善地球上的一切。用情態(tài)動詞should符合題意。故填should。
94.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:他也不是第一個被批評浪費巨額個人財富的人。結(jié)合空格前的the first可知,用動詞不定式作后置定語,the first和criticize之間是被動關系,用動詞不定式的被動式符合題意。故填to be criticized。
95.
考查連詞。句意:在亞馬遜創(chuàng)始人創(chuàng)造歷史的前一周,企業(yè)主理查德·布蘭森也創(chuàng)造了歷史。結(jié)合本段第一句“Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space.”(他也不是第一個被批評浪費巨額個人財富的人。),可知表示在亞馬遜創(chuàng)始人創(chuàng)造歷史的前一周,用連詞before符合題意。故填before。
96.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:布蘭森成為第一個乘坐他幫助資助的火箭飛往太空的人,該火箭由他的公司維珍銀河公司開發(fā)。分析句子可知句子謂語動詞是became,空格處缺少非謂語動詞,a rocket和develop之間是被動關系,用過去分詞短語作后置定語。故填developed。
97.
考查非謂語動詞。句意:批評人士說,用于商業(yè)太空旅行的錢最好花在他們認為更重要的追求上。分析句子可知that引導的賓語從句中謂語動詞是would be,空格處用非謂語動詞作后置定語,the money和go之間是主動關系,用現(xiàn)在分詞符合題意。故填going。
98.
考查名詞性從句連接詞。句意:批評人士說,用于商業(yè)太空旅行的錢最好花在他們認為更重要的追求上。分析句子可知在介詞on后缺少賓語從句連接詞,在動詞see后缺少賓語,指物用what符合題意。故填what。
99.
考查冠詞。句意:自然主義者霍莉·霍沃斯在《塞拉》雜志上指出,“乘坐火箭旅行可以說是個人能做的最具碳排放的事情?!狈治鼍渥涌芍诿~naturalist前應該用定冠詞the表示特指,首字母大寫。故填The。
100.
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:個人資金被投入高薪工作和一個新的行業(yè)。句子陳述是事實用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語Personal funds和put之間是被動關系,用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),主語是復數(shù),系動詞用are。故填are put。

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